Kaitlyn Smith PED 103 104 Annotated Bibliography

Cross, Joe (Producer), & Cross, Joe (Director). (2010). Fat, Sick & Nearly Dead [Motion picture]. Australia: Reboot Media. Fat, Sick & Nearly Dead is a documentary film that chronicles a mans 60-day juice fast and the surprising effects it has had on his mental and physical health. Joe Cross, an Australian entrepreneur, was 310 pounds, dependent on medication and determined to regain his health no matter the cost. The effects were surprising, and the testimonials compelling. The fast not only changed Crosss life, but has since inspired many others to follow in his footsteps and get themselves on track to a balanced lifestyle. I plan on using testimonials and statistics from the documentary as well as the website to support my thesis for my presentation. Joe Cross is an entrepreneur by trade, which naturally leads to skepticism about the validity of the source. However, there is an overabundance of testimonials from people all over the world who have tried and tested juice fasting with the same inspiring results. Joe also was carefully supervised by doctors during his fast, who corroborate with Crosss testimony and tracked his progress. The film also won numerous awards, including the Turning Point Award at the Sonoma International Film Festival, Best Documentary Feature at the Iowa Independent Film Festival and the Audience Choice Award Documentary at the Sonoma International Film Festival. The documentary is available to watch on various video hosting platforms such as Netflix, Hulu and Youtube.

Davis, Jeanie. (2009). Detox Diets: Cleansing the Body. Retrieved from http://www.webmd.com/diet/features/detox-diets-cleansing-body-feature?page=1

I thought this article would be useful for my presentation because there is a lot of information on juicing and the detoxing effect that it has on the body. Because I could not find a scholarly article or study on juice fasting, I decided to find a reliable source of information on juicing, and a reliable source for fasting. I plan on using the information from both articles to back up the testimonials from the documentary. The article specified that it was reviewed by Gary D. Vogin, MD, the senior medical editor for Medscape Medical News and a board-certified general internist. All content on WebMD is reviewed before being posted, which makes it more credible as a source even if it isnt a .gov or .edu website. The article contains quotes from doctors such as Linda Page, ND, PhD and Chris Strychacz, PhD that support fasting and believe in the benefits it has on your health. It also details how fasting works to remove built-up toxins, increase energy and replenish healthy bacteria. However it also talks about the precautions that you need to take when considering a detox diet, which is very important because fasting can have very different effects for different people, depending on factors such as age, weight and health issues. The risk factors that need to be taken into consideration before attempting any kind of fast are going to be an important part of my presentation.

Stipp, David. (2013). Is Fasting Good for You?. Scientific American. 308(1), 23-24. This article from Scientific American discusses the potential health benefits of periodic intermittent fasts. Because there have been very few studies done on the benefits of fasting (and even fewer on juice fasting in particular), I was only able to find a handful of peer-reviewed articles on the subject and the information I found was inconclusive. I chose to use the information in this article for my presentation because it contains a lot of useful information on what fasting is and how it helps your body heal itself. I like this article because it includes arguments from both sides, from skeptics as well as

fasting advocates. This shows a lack of bias, which is important because juice fasting is a relatively novel phenomenon with people lobbying on both sides. Stipp includes information on multiple studies done on rats, small mammals and primates that had benefits including increased lifespan, lowered blood sugar and weight loss. However, the studies done in people had conflicting results. Stipp includes the year the studies were done as well as the scientists who performed them, which made it significantly easier to locate them and verify their validity, adding to the trustworthiness of the source. David Stipp is a science writer who has written articles for The Wall Street Journal, Science and Fortune since 1982.

Robert Kenner, Elise Pearlstein, and Kim Roberts (Director). (2009). Food, Inc. Los Angeles, CA: Magnolia Home Entertainment. DVD. Coghill, Tom. (10 January 2008) Fasting and Dietary Fiber. Fasting.ws: Healing Weightloss Detoxification. Web. 22 April 2014.

Slide 1: Meet Joe Cross How long have you ever gone without eating solid food? Less than 1 day? 3? 1 week? This is Joe Cross. Australian entrepreneur, weighed 320 pounds, suffered from chronic urticaria Dependent on steroids Urticaria Chronic hives all over body Over-release of histamines Can flare at any time, any part of body

Wasnt getting the results he wanted from doctors or alternative medicines, so he decided to try something extreme: 60 days with no food, just juice If the body can heal itself on the outside (cuts, scrapes, burns), why cant it heal itself on the inside? Joe Cross

Slide 2: The Problem I had been focusing on my wealth rather than my health true for many people In the modern world, we dont necessarily have to expend much energy. The reality is that most people dont, we have very sedentary jobs. Typical American plate meat, overcooked vegetable or potato, refined starch product 61 percent of American diet is processed foods (oils, sugars and flours) - Dr. Joel Fuhrman (supervised Joes fast) Processed foods dont have one tenth of the nutrients the food has in its raw state

Illusion of choice at store So much of our food turns out to be a clever arrangement of corn This diet of high fructose corn syrup and refined carbohydrates leads to these spikes of insulin, and gradually, a wearing down of the system by which our body metabolizes sugar.

Slide 3: What Joe Did 60-Day Juice Reboot: Only 4 batches of fresh fruit/vegetable juice and water per day no solid food Left Australia, came to America. 30 days in New York, 30 days driving across the country Blood tests every ten days for duration of fast Dr. Joel Fuhrman People on prescription medication should always be monitored by physician during a fast

Slide 4: Joe Cross After Lost 82 pounds, is no longer dependent on medication, Juice Reboot program inspiring people all over the country to try juice fasting Its been about maintaining a balanced lifestyle. You dont get permanently well unless you permanently change the way you live. Dr. Joel Fuhrman

Slide 5: How Juice Fasting Works Micronutrients Found predominately in plant food (vegetables, fruits, nuts, beans and seeds) Macronutrients Everything else Juice fasting cuts macronutrients out of diet, supercharge of micronutrients rapidly absorbed because it is a liquid When your body is not preoccupied with breaking down unhealthy food, it can focus on what it needs to, like closing out apps youre not using on your phone to save battery life HOWEVER: Important to remember that there is no one-size fits all when it comes to juice fasting Every body is different, different tolerances, should always consult doctor before trying a juice fast, especially if on prescription medications Different kinds of juice fasts for different lifestyles (a 60 days fast is extreme) The only way to permanently well is to permanently change the way you live. Keep up healthy habits even after fast is over

Slide 6: Potential Benefits of Fasting Autophagy Garbage-disposal for cells, can prevent onset of Alzheimers, Parkinsons, etc Tons of energy, focus, clear-headedness Weight loss, lower levels of glucose/insulin/LDL cholesterol Lowered risk of diabetes/stroke

Slide 7: Criticism Juice fasting is a relatively new, but rapidly growing health trend, therefore draws a lot of criticism Especially since we live in such a food centered society No fiber (true) Always stay hydrated, drink water as well as juice, fruit juices contain natural diuretics, supplements such as psyllium husk to make up for lack of fiber (bowel movements) Not eating is unhealthy (false) Fasting is normal, most religions include some sort of ritual fast (lent, Ramadan) Hunter-gatherers, humans are built to survive without food Any fast can be dangerous if done improperly. Always consult your physician before attempting a fast. Inconclusive data (true) Not many studies have been done on the effects of fasting (juice fasting in particular) on humans. Studies on animals are inconclusive (also hard to validate because animals dont eat processed and fast foods like we do)