Compact OutDoor BS30 BTS Technical Manual

ZXG10-BS30
Compact Outdoor BTS

Technical Manual
Version 1.50
ZTE CORPORATION
ZTE Plaza, Keji Road South,
Hi-Tech Industrial Park,
Nanshan District, Shenzhen,
P. R. China
518057
Tel: (86) 755 26771900 800-9830-9830
Fax: (86) 755 26772236
URL: http://support.zte.com.cn
E-mail: doc@zte.com.cn

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Copyright 2006 ZTE CORPORATION.

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Revision History
Date Revision No. Serial No. Purpose
10-Aug-06 R1.0 sjzl20061194 English For Customers

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Document
Name
ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Technical Manual
Product Version V1.50
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Number
R1.0
Equipment Installation Date
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Contents

About this Manual ............................................................. i
Purpose................................................................................ i
Intended Audience ................................................................. i
Prerequisite Skill and Knowledge.............................................. i
What is in This Manual ........................................................... ii
Related Documentation......................................................... iii
Conventions........................................................................ iii
How to Get in Touch............................................................. iv
Chapter 1.......................................................................... 5
System Architecture ........................................................ 5
Overview .......................................................................5
Background.......................................................................... 5
Standards Complied .............................................................. 7
Functions............................................................................. 8
System Working Principle..................................................... 10
Hardware Structure............................................................. 11
Software Structure.............................................................. 15
System features ................................................................. 21
Chapter 2........................................................................ 23
Technical Specifications................................................. 23
Physical characteristics ........................................................ 23
Power Supply System.......................................................... 23
Interface Specifications........................................................ 24
Components/Modules Specifications ...................................... 28
Chapter 3........................................................................ 32
Interfaces and Protocols ............................................... 32
Overview ..................................................................... 32
Interfaces .......................................................................... 33

Protocols............................................................................ 44
Chapter 4........................................................................53
System Functions...........................................................53
Overview ........................................................................... 53
RF Functions....................................................................... 54
Baseband Processing ........................................................... 55
Signaling Processing ............................................................ 56
Operation and Maintenance .................................................. 85
Chapter 5........................................................................89
Networking and System Configuration.........................89
Networking Modes............................................................... 89
System Configuration .......................................................... 91
Appendix A...................................................................101
CE Statement ...............................................................101
Appendix B...................................................................103
Abbreviation.................................................................103
Appendix C...................................................................109
Figures..........................................................................109
Appendix D...................................................................113
Tables...........................................................................113
Appendix E ...................................................................115
Index............................................................................115


Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION i
About this Manual

ZXG10 is a proprietary GSM mobile communication system of
ZTE Corporation. It consists of ZXG10-Mobile Switching
Subsystem (MSS) and ZXG10-Base Station Subsystem (BSS).
ZXG10-BSS provides and manages radio transmission in GSM.
ZXG10-BSS consists of ZXG10-Base Station Controller (BSC)
and the ZXG10-Base Transceiver Station (BTS).
ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) is a small-capacity outdoor base station. It
has following features: compactness, reliability, cost-
effectiveness, comprehensive functionality and powerful service
provisioning.
introduces the principle, functions and technical features of
ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5).
Purpose
This Manual introduces the principle, functions and technical
features of ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5).
Intended Audience
This document is intended for technicians, installation and
maintenance engineers and network planning and optimizations
engineers.
Prerequisite Skill and Knowledge
To use this document effectively, users should have a general
understanding of GSM architecture


ii Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION

What is in this Manual
This Manual contains the following chapters:
TAB L E 1 CHA PTER SUMMARY
Section Summary
Chapter 1, System
Architecture
This chapter introduces the background,
the standards complied major functions,
system features, working principles, and
the general structure of both software and
hardware of ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5).
Chapter 2, Technical
Specifications
This chapter introduces the technical
specifications of modules and components
of the ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5).
Chapter 3, Interfaces
and Protocols
This chapter describes the different
external interfaces and protocols of
ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5).
Chapter 4, System
Functions
This chapter explains the functions of
ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5), including RF,
baseband processing, signal processing,
and O&M.
Chapter 5, Networking
Modes and System
Configuration
This chapter introduces networking modes,
system configurations, and networking
examples of ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5).
Appendix A
CE Statement
This appendix explains CE Statement for
the product.
Appendix B
Abbreviations
Lists all the abbreviations used in the
manual.
Appendix C
Figures
Lists all the figures appeared in the
manual.
Appendix D
Tables
Lists all the tables appeared in the manual.
Appendix E
Index
Lists the important words appeared in the
table.

Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION iii
Related Documentation
The following documentation is related to this manual:
ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Guide to
Documentation
ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Installation
Manual
ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Hardware
Manual
ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Maintenance
Manual (Troubleshooting)
Manual (Routine Maintenance)
Manual (Emergency Handling)
Conventions
ZTE documents employ the following typographical conventions.
TAB L E 2 TYPOGRAPHI CAL CONVENTI ONS
Typeface Meaning
Italics References to other Manuals and documents.
Quotes Links on screens.
Bold Menus, menu options, function names, input
fields, radio button names, check boxes, drop-
down lists, dialog box names, window names.
CAPS Keys on the keyboard and buttons on screens
and company name.
Const ant wi dt h
Text that you type, program code, files and
directory names, and function names.
[ ] Optional parameters.
{ } Mandatory parameters.
| Select one of the parameters that are delimited
by it.

Note: Provides additional information about a
certain topic.

Checkpoint: Indicates that a particular step needs
to be checked before proceeding further.

Tip: Indicates a suggestion or hint to make things
easier or more productive for the reader.

Typographical
Conventions


iv Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION

TAB L E 3 MOUSE OPERATI ON CONVENTI ONS
Typeface Meaning
Click Refers to clicking the primary mouse button (usually
the left mouse button) once.
Double-click Refers to quickly clicking the primary mouse button
(usually the left mouse button) twice.
Right-click Refers to clicking the secondary mouse button
(usually the right mouse button) once.
Drag Refers to pressing and holding a mouse button and
moving the mouse.

How to Get in Touch
The following sections provide information on how to obtain
support for the documentation and the software.
If you have problems, questions, comments, or suggestions
regarding your product, contact us by e-mail at
support@zte.com.cn. You can also call our customer support
center at (86) 755 26771900 and (86) 800-9830-9830.
ZTE welcomes your comments and suggestions on the quality
and usefulness of this document. For further questions,
comments, or suggestions on the documentation, you can
contact us by e-mail at doc@zte.com.cn; or you can fax your
comments and suggestions to (86) 755 26772236. You can also
browse our website at http://support.zte.com.cn, which contains
various interesting subjects like documentation, knowledge base,
forum and service request.
Mouse
Operation
Conventions
Customer
Support
Documentation
Support

Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION 5
Ch a p t e r 1
System Architecture

This chapter describes the system background, the standards
complied, major functions, system features, working principles
and the general structure of both software and hardware
ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5).
Overview
Intention to start ZXG10-BS30 production is explained as follows:
Background
ZXG10-BS30 is an integrated outdoor BS launched on the
demand of GSM networks in remote area. ZXG10-BS30 is ZTEs
third generation border network product. ZXG10-BS30 is based
on the ZXG10-BTS (V2) and is improved from ZXG10-BS21 and
ZXG10-MB. ZXG10-BS30 supports single carrier 40 W (20 W for
1800 MHz BS), built-in Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH)
transmission and external lightning protection box. ZXG10-BS30
meets the requirements of the border network for wide coverage,
small capacity, reliable performance in bad environment and
easy maintenance. ZXG-BS30 also supports GPRS/EDGE data
service function and Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR) service.


6 Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION

Note: AMR is a 3
rd
Generation Partnership Projects (3GPP)
voice coding scheme, which consists of eight rate modes: 4.75,
5.15, 5.90, 6.70, 7.40, 7.95, 10.20, and 12.20. MS and
networks implement the following aspect to maximize the voice
communication quality: adaptively change coding rate according
to different channel quality reports, reduce the influence caused
by fading bit error ration of channel, data congestion and delay.
For smooth transition from GSM to 3G, network need to provide
AMR support to implement MS handover and roaming between
2G to 3G network.

Out look of the ZXG10-BS30 rack is as shown in Figure 1
FI GURE 1 ZXG10- BS30 RACK

Figure 2 shows the ZXG10-BS30 position in a GSM/GPRS
Network.
ZXG10-BS30 is located between BSC and MS in GSM/GPRS
network. It connects to BSC through Abis interface and to MS
through Um interface
ZXG10-BS30 provides the following functions:
Servers as a radio transceiver for a cell
Interacts between BSC and a radio channel
Wireless transmission with the MS and the related controlling
function

Chapter 1-Interfaces and Protocols
Implements the L1 and L2 protocols on the radio link and
related control functions
FI GURE 2 - ZXG10- BSS POSI TI ON I N A GSM/ GPRS NETWORK
SGSN
GGSN
PLMN
GGSN
SGSN
MSC
Internet
HLR
AUC
MSC/VLR
Gb
OMC
A
A
BS30
Gb
Um
BSC
ZTE
Abis BTS
MS
BSC
BS30
ZTE
Abis
Um
MS
PDN
PSTN
ISDN
PSPDN
PLMN

Standards Complied
ZXG10-BS30 complies with the following standards:
Standard for RF interface:
ETSI TS 101 087 (Version 5.0.0 )
GSM 05.05
GSM 11.21
ITU-T G.703/ITU-T G.704 standard Abis interface
GSM 11.21 high/low temperature specifications
In terms of radio services, ZXG10-BS30 complies with the
following protocols and specifications:
GSM 03.60 General Packet Radio Service(GPRS)
GSM 03.64 GPRS Overall GPRS radio interface description
GSM 04.04 Technical Specification Group GSM/EDGE Radio
Access Network Layer 1 General requirements
GSM 04.06 Mobile Station Base Station System (MS BSS )
interface Data Link Layer (DLL) specification
GSM 04.08 Mobile radio interface layer 3 specification



GSM 04.60 General Packet Radio Service(GPRS) Mobile
Station Base station System (MSBSS) interface Radio Link
Control / Medium Access Control (RLC/MAC) protocol
GSM 05.02 Multiplexing and multiple access on the radio
path
GSM 05.08 Radio subsystem link control
GSM 08.58 Base BSC-BTS interface Layer 3 specification
ETSI 301 489-8 EMC specification
R&TTE Directive 1995/5/EC

Functions
The main features of ZXG10-BS30 are as follows:
Compliant with GSM Phase II+ Standard, and is compatible
with Phase I and Phase II Standards
Supports GSM900, EGSM900 and GSM1800 frequency bands.
Also supports mixed insertion of EDGE carrier frequency
module ETRM and common carrier frequency module TRM in
the same rack
Provides the following TCH services
FS: Full-rate voice service
EFS: Enhanced full-rate voice service
HS: Half-rate voice service
AFS: Adaptive full-rate voice service
AHS: Adaptive half-rate voice service
F9.6: 9.9 Kbits/s full-rate data service
F2.4 : 2.4 Kbits/s full-rate data service
GPRS/EDGE: GPRS/EDGE packet data service
Supports diversity reception. Diversity techniques include:
space diversity
frequency diversity
time diversity
polarization diversity
Maximal Ratio Combining diversity
Receiving end adopts Viterbi soft decision algorithm and
implements GMSK demodulation via software. It improves
the channel decoding performance and increasing the system
receiving sensitivity and anti-interference capability

Supports the radio Frequency Hopping (FH) to enhance the
anti-fading capability of the system
Supports in calculation of Timing Advance (TA)
Supports discontinuous transmitting DTX mode. Transmit
only the comfort noise in the voice non-activated period. This
reduces the transmitter power and general interference level
in air signaling.
One BS30 rack supports one frequency and cascading
supports up to three cells and six frequencies
Provides two pairs of E1 interfaces, supports E1 cascade
output, and supports star and chain configuration via Abis
interfaces
Supports LapD signaling multiplexing via the Abis interface
Supports satellite link connection through E1 via Abis
interface, the directional signal transmission delay of Abis
interface is 260 ms
During BS30 cascading if one BS30 is powered of , the Abis
interface links are capable of automatic bridge protection
Supports Base Stations uplink/downlink power control
Supports A5/2 encryption
Supports multiple transmission modes via E1, SDH optical
transmission microwave, HDSL and satellite, and supports
built-in T150 transmission module
Supports external lightning protection box to provide
lightning protection for AC power
Supports external uninterrupted power supply(UPS) as a
standby power supply in case of AC power failure
Provides over/under voltage alarm and intruder alarm
Provides a Local Management Terminal (LMT) which provides
man-machine interface for local operation , maintenance ,
configuration observations and local sites alarm status
Supports CS1 ~ CS4 channel encoding modes of GPRS,
MCS1 ~ MCS9 channel encoding modes of EDGE.
ZXG10-BS30 dynamically adjusting the channel encoding
modes according to the monitoring and measurement results.
Supports common BCCH: Carrier frequencies of different
frequency bands can be used in a cell, they are responsible
for different services and share a common BCCH
Supports EDGE service, adopting 8-PSK modulation mode to
realize higher data transmission rate



System Working Principle
ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) system consist the following units:
Operation and maintenance unit
Baseband processor
RF unit
Antenna feeder processor
Transmission unit
Power supply unit
Heater unit
Internal fan
Figure 3 shows ZXG10-BS30 working principle
FI GURE 3 ZXG10- BS30 WORK I NG PRI NCI PL E
ZXG
10
BS30
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
M
a
i
n
t
e
n
a
n
c
e
U
n
i
t
B
a
s
e
b
a
n
d
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
i
n
g
u
n
i
t
R
F
U
n
i
t
A
n
t
e
n
n
a
f
e
e
d
e
r
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
i
n
g
u
n
i
t
Powersupplyunit
Heater
unit
Datalink
System
clock
RFdemodulatedsignal
Basebandmodulated
signal
Systemclock
Controllingsignal
RF
signal
Um
interface
T
r
a
n
s
m
i
s
s
i
o
n
u
n
i
t
B
S
C
A
bi
s
AC220
V
-
48V
AC
Internal
fan
DC
Interface

Working principle of the system is explained below:

1. ZXG10-BS30 receives data from BSC, both voice and
signaling data.
2. The transmission unit sends signaling data to the operation
and maintenance unit for processing.
3. The voice data are then sent to baseband processor for
processing of rate conversion, encryption and interleaving
4. Data are the sent to RF unit for modulation to high-frequency
signals.
Downlink

5. Finally, data are then transmitted through the antenna
feeder processor.

1. The antenna feeder processor receives RF signals from MS
and sends these signals to RF unit to convert into digital
signals.
2. The signals are then transmitted to baseband processor for
rate signals conversion, decryption and de-interleaving.
3. After conversion to the code pattern, suitable for long-
distance transmission, the signals are sent to BSC through
the Abis interface.
Hardware Structure
Hardware components of ZXG10-BS30 are listed below:
Transceiver for Station Module for EDGE (ETSM)
Duplexer Module (DPM)
SDH Transmission Module(STM) or HDSL
Power Module (PWM)
Heating Module (HTM, optional)
Power Module(PWM)
Heating Module or HTM
Uplink:



FI GURE 4 ZXG10- BS30 HARDWARE STRUCTURE

Main functions of various modules are as follows:
TSME consist of Controller and Maintenance Module (CMM),
Extended Radio Transceiver Module (ETRM), and Backplane
Connection Unit (BCU).
CMM performs Abis interface processing, BS operation and
maintenance, clock synchronization and generation, and
internal/external alarm collection and processing.
ETRM performs radio channel control and processing, radio
channel data transceiving, modulation and demodulation of radio
channel on radio carrier, transceiving of radio carriers.
BCU is responsible for connection of ETRM and CMM,
transmitting signals between the two modules, and providing
interfaces for the input and output of external signals.
ETRM module consists of Transceiver Process Unit (TPU), Radio
Carrier Unit (RCU), and Power Amplifier Unit (PAU)

TSME

TPU
Implements all functions of full-duplex channel baseband
data processing in TDMA frame
Signal conversion between LapDm and LapD protocol
Supports GPRS packet data services functions, CS1, CS2,
CS3, C4 coding scheme, and GMSK modulation mode
Supports EDGE packet data service function
Supports MCS1, MCS2, MCS3, MCS4, MCS5, MCS6, MCS7,
MCS8, and MCS9 coding schemes
Supports 8-PSK modulation mode
RCU
RCU functions as follows:
Modulates baseband signals to carrier signals and
up-converts frequency
Down-converts the frequency of received carrier signals
Controls the power statically and dynamically in the
downlink direction as required by GSM specifications
PAU
PAU amplifies the power of the radio carrier to provide
the BS equipment with sufficient transmission power
Performs bi-directional channels for signals between BTS and
antenna.
Suppresses the interference and spurious radiations beyond
the working band.
Implements SWR alarm detection at the antenna port
DPM consists of duplexer, receiving filter, Low Noise
Amplifier (LNA), SWR detection circuit. LNA and SWR
detection circuit are available in LNA board and SWR
detection board respectively. Figure 5 shows positions of
various components.
DPM



FI GURE 5 - DPM STRUCTURE

ZXG10-BS30 supports built-in transmission module STM/HDSL.
ZXSM-T150 compact synchronous digital transmission
equipment serves as built-in STM in ZXG10-BS30. ZXSM-T150
provides 155 Mbps SDH interface for ZXG10-BS30.
ZXG10-BS30 can also use built-in taixum-develop Scorpio 1400
type G.SHDSL data machine, which provides RJ45 interface of
HDSL link for ZXG10-BS30 equipment.
ZXG10-BS30 supports two types of power modules: PWM and
PWMD.
PWM functions:
Rectification and filtering
Voltage stabilizing protection of 220 VAC (single-phase
three-line)
Supplies 220 VAC to HTM AND -48 DC to ETSM, STM, HDSL
and internal/external fans
Provides 220 VAC input over/under voltage dry contact alarm
PWMD functions:
Filtering and over-voltage protection
Provides -48 VDC for TSM, STM/HDSL and internal fans
HTM consists of heater and fans which controls internal
temperature and ensure the normal conditions of equipment.
Fan unit consists of two internal fans serves as heat dissipation
of transmission equipment and shelves.
STM/HDSL
PWM and
PWMD
HTM

Software Structure
ZXG10-BS30 adopts modular and hierarchical concept of
software to facilitate development and maintenance. The
modules are independent in function with each other and
associated with each other through internal interfaces.
The core software can be downloaded from the background
(OMCR), facilitating service upgrade and version maintenance. It
also provides external interfaces to perform the following
functions:
To maintain the software
To collect BTS information
To perform BTS local tests
The internal software of ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) is consists of four
modules:
Control and Maintenance Module(CMM)
Frame Unit Controller(FUC)
Channel Processing Module(CHM)
Carrier Interface Processor(CIP)
Software supports different platforms according to their function
as shown in Figure 6.
FI GURE 6 - SOFTWARE MODUL ES OF ZXG10- BS30 ( V1. 5)
System
software
CMM software
module
FUC software
module
CHPsoftware
module
CIPsoftware
module

Controller and Maintenance Module
CMM in ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) performs following functions:
Status management
Configuration management
Monitoring management



Test management
Database management
Supports local O and M functions, including local parameters
configuration and alarm query
Figure 7 shows hierarchical structure of CMM software
FI GURE 7 CMM SOFTWARE MODUL E STRUCTURE
OSS
APP
PSOS+
Hardware
BSP
LMU
EquipTst MMI
Inspector MsgMoni
Terminal
O&M
ParamCfg StateAlarm
VersionCtrl EquipTstMan
EAMan
DBS
AccessInf CMSynch CBSynch
Dispatch
RUNCTRL
SysCtrl PrintMoni
RUNSPT
ProcSche
ProcComm
ProcMoni
MemMan
TimerMan
ExcpCatch
LNKDRV
SCCxDrv SMCxDrv BootDrv
FNSynch
FNCMDrv FNCTDrv FNCCDrv
LNKCTRL
HDLC
LAPD
CMComm CTComm
LMComm
CCComm

CMM consists of five layers from the bottom up, they are:
The physical platform on which the CMM software runs is called
hardware layer

BSP initializes CMM boards and provides drivers for the relevant
parts of the equipment. It provides consistent operation
interfaces for the specific details of the upper-level encapsulated
hardware equipment and simplifies the Operation support
system.
It is a real-time multi-task operating system for commercial
purposes and with superior performance. The operating system
has been successfully applied to the next-generation BTS.
Hardware
Board-level
Support
Package
pSOS+
operating
System

This layer consists of the following parts:
RUNSPT: It is the core layer of OSS and a dispatch system,
and provides following functions:
Process dispatch
Process communication
Memory management
Timer management
Process monitoring and abnormality capture
RUNCTRL: It is the operation control layer of the system. It
includes the system control module and implements the
power-on sequence for application processes. In addition,
the layer includes some miscellaneous functions of the
operating system such as redirection of the printing
messages.
LNKDRV: It is the device driver and provides equipment
independent drivers for LNKCTR while working with BSP. This
part also includes a frame number synchronization module,
which implements the frame number synchronization
between the following:
Active/standby CMMs
Active CMMs of the base and the extension rack
Active CMM and ETRMs
LNKCTRL: It is the communication link control layer module
and consists of the following:
LapD communication link control module: LapD is the
communication link control module of the Abis interface.
HDLC communication link control module: HDLC is the
communication link control module inside the rack. They
all communicate in a point-to-point way. There are three
types of communications links as shown in table.
Link Description
CCComm The auxiliary communication link between the
master CMM of the master rack and that of the
extension rack. It is a 2 MHz PCM line, which
facilitates the centralized data collection of LMT.
CMComm The communication link between the active and
standby CMMs. It implements the data
synchronization between the CMMs. it is 1 MHz HW.
CTComm The communication link between the active CMM
and ETRM in the same rack, implementing the ETRM
parameter configuration and alarm collection.
Physically, it is a 64 kbps time slot in a 4 MHz HW.

Operation
Support
System



LMComm: Foreground/background link control module with
RS232 as its physical interface. It is self-defined point-to-
point link control protocol and character-oriented single-bit
stop and wait protocol
Application layer consists of three parts:
O&M: As the core of the application layer, it receives the
O&M messages of the Abis interface and implements the
following:
Parameter configuration
Status and alarm management
Software version management
Device test
External alarm collections
Data Base Subsystem (DBS): The application layer is
designed with the database as a core. DBS distributes the
configuration parameters along with the DB. It also
synchronizes data between the active and standby CMMs and
between the foreground and the background.
Local Management Terminal (LMT): LMU is the local O&M
unit, including foreground and background operation
interface. LMU works with the database synchronization
module to complete the local parameter configuration,
equipment status and alarm collection. LMU also includes
operating interface of equipment test to implement test
functions of the local BTS. The system tool is a series of
developer-oriented tools for system diagnosis and test for
the rapid location of faults.
Frame Unit Controller
FUC software module is located in the TPU of the TRM module.
FUC processes radio signaling over every radio carrier and
signaling on BSC interface and manages all channels. Its major
functions are as follows:
Processes and converts GSM signaling protocols, including
the following:
Layer-2 protocol LapD with BSC
Layer-2 protocol HDLC with CMM
Layer-2 protocol LapDm with Um interface
Layer-3 radio resources management protocol of GSM
Responsible for the following functions
TDMA multi-frame framing of Um interface
Frame number (FN) receiving
Frequency hopping calculation
APP Layer

Management & control over Channel Processing (CHP)
Manages BTS and loads the FUC software and DCP
program. FUC supports GPRS
As shown in Figure 8 , FUC software module consists of system
software and application software.
System software adopts the concept of virtual OS. Based on the
commercial OS pSOS+, the running supporting layer RUSPT that
is finite state machine-oriented makes the system applications
independent of the actual real-time OS. It simplifies
implementation of the applications and improves their transplant
ability. At the same time, to improves the systems stability and
error locating capability, it adds the function of exceptional
capture.
RUNCTRL is responsible for the power-on boot sequences of
various modules, implementing some auxiliary functions of the
OS, collecting and redirecting the output messages. The drivers
also adopt a hierarchical structure, including
equipment-dependent and equipment-independent drivers. All
communications within the equipment are implemented by
means of address transfer to reduce the overhead of the
memory block copies.
Application layer contains the Operation and Maintenance
Module (OAMM), Radio Signaling Processing Module (RSM) and
Local O&M Agent Module (LMA).
OAMM configures and manages the software, parameters, status
and alarms of the TPU board. RSM consists of Frame Unit
controller Radio Resource management Module (FURRM), Paging
Access Channel message processing Module (PAGCHM) and
Frequency Hopping Module (FHM). These modules implement
signaling flows of the circuit-switched services and the
packet-switched services in compliance with the GSM protocols.
Also these modules support frequency hopping. LMA is used in
system debugging.



FI GURE 8 FUC SOFTWARE MODUL E

OSS
APP
PSOS+
Hardware
BSP
LMA
AbisSimAgt
OAMM
OAMCtrl
VersionCtrl
EquipTstMan
RUNCTRL
SysCtrl
PrintMoni
RUNSPT
ProcSche
ProcComm
ProcMoni
MemMan
TimerMan
ExcpCatch
LNKCTRL
LAPD
LAPDm CTComm
LMComm
LNKDRV
SCCxDrv SMCxDrv BootDrv
HPIDrv
RSM
FURRM
PAGCHM
FHM
InspectorAgt

Channel Processing Module
CHP software module is located in the TPU of the ETRM.
CHP implements all baseband channel processing and some
corresponding control functions, including channel
encoding/decoding and demodulation.
Carrier Interface Processor (CIP)
CIP software module is located in TPU of TRM/ETRM
The functions of CIP software are as follows:
GMSK software modulation
8PSK (EDGE modulation)
Power control
Collection and handling of AEM, amplifier, RCU and fan alarm
information

System features
ZXG10-BS30 main features are as follows:
Advanced Technology with broad-band
Compliant with GSM Phase II+ Standard, and is compatible
with Phase I and Phase II Standards
ZXG10-BS30 supports GSM900, EGSM900 and GSM1800
frequency bands and also supports mixed insertion of EDGE
carrier frequency module ETRM and common carrier
frequency module TRM in the same rack
Small capacity and wide coverage
Maximum output of single rack of ZXG10-BS30 is one carrier
frequency and 40 W. ZXG10-BS30 supports an output of 2 W
as a micro BTS and supports S/2/2/2 type site by BTS
cascading.
Well sealed, neatly structured
ZXG10-BS30 is an outdoor BTS with sealed rack well
protected from water, dust, burglary, rodent nuisance, and
electromagnetic shielding.
Good heat dissipation
ZXG10-BS30 adopts heat tube technology and auxiliary fans
for forced cooling and heat dissipation this improves the
reliability of components.
It uses an internal heater to make sure that non-industrial
components can work normally at low temperature.
The function frame adopts independent wind tunnel and
dissipates heat through common wind tunnel of the rack.
Modular design in software/hardware
Software and hardware of the ZXG10-BS30 adopts modular
concepts to facilitate development, maintenance, and
improving the system reliability.
Advanced software radio technology
ZXG10-BS30 uses such advanced technologies as software
radio technology to ensure reliable operation of the RF parts
on a long-term basis and improve the batch consistency and
mass productivity of the equipment.
Flexible and reliable Abis interface
A single main rack can provide up to two pairs of E1 links
and supports flexibly multiple networking modes such as star
and chain.
Advanced flow control algorithm and variable rate signaling
link technologies are used so that multiple logical signaling



links can be configured flexibly in the 64 Kbps physical link to
fully share the bandwidth.
During ZXG10-BS30 cascading if one BS30 is powered off,
the Abis interface link is capable of providing automatic
bridge protection.
Supports multiple transmission modes and supports built-in
transmission module
ZXG10-BS30 supports multiple transmission modes via E1,
SDH optical fiber, microwave, HDSL and satellite. It supports
a built-in T150 STM.
When HDSL, microwave, satellite or SDH optical transmission
equipment by other vendors are in place, ZXG10-BS30
supports external transmission through the configuration of a
multifunctional box.
Mature and reliable power supply system
ZXG10-BS30 rack provides class-D lightning protection of AC
power and supports external lightning protection box to
improve the lightning protection performance of the system.
Internal power module features centralized management and
distributed power supply to improve the safety and reliability
of the power supply system.
In case of AC power failure, the external UPS works instead.
Supports external environmental monitoring
ZXG10-BS30 supports eight pairs of environmental trunk
node inputs
Convenient local operation and maintenance
ZXG10-BS30 connected to the local O&M terminal via the
standard RS232 interface or RJ45 network interface, thus
dispensing with special cables.
Local operation and maintenance terminal is easy to learn
and use since it is consistent with OMCR interface.
Perfect local operation and maintenance
Rapid and reliable online software upgrade
Complete service functions
ZXG10-BS30 supports GPRS/EDGE data service function and
AMR voice service.
ZXG10-BS30 supports multiple frequency bands, mixed insertion
of modules of different frequency bands and mixed insertion of
different service modules.

Ch a p t e r 2
Technical Specifications

This chapter introduces the technical specification of the
modules and components of ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5).
Physical characteristics
Rack dimensions (excluding the base)
H*W*D = 580 mm*400 mm*284 mm
Color of rack: Silver (CTP3601)
Color of main radiator: Black (ZX-04X01)
Rack consists of shelf, main radiator, door, locking guide rail and
base
Fully configured, single rack weighs about 39 kg
Weight is approximately distributed as follows:
Rack main body: 17 kg
ETSM: 8 kg
DPM : 8 kg
HTM: 1 kg
STM: 2 kg
PWM (or PWMD): 2.5 kg
Fans: 0.5 kg
Power Supply System
Input voltage: 220 VAC/50 Hz single Phase 3-line power
Voltage fluctuation range: 130 V ~ 300 V
Frequency fluctuation range: 45 Hz ~ 65Hz
Output voltage: -48 VDC (-60 VDC ~ -40 VDC adjustable)
Dimensions:
Color:
Structure
Weight
PWD Module
Power Range



Maximum output current: > 6 A
Adjustable current limiting value: 8 A
Maximum output power: 400 W

Normal working power supply is -48 VDC (-57 VDC ~ -40 VCD).
For more details refer to ZXG10-BS30 Compact Outdoor BTS
Hardware Manual.
Maximum consumption of ZXG10-BS30 is 274 W.
Heat distribution inside the rack is:
ETRM: 184 W
CMM: 10 W
Power Supply: 30 W
Transmission: 50 W
Rack should be grounded in such a way that grounding
resistance should be less than 5 Ohm.
Ambient temperature: -40
0
C ~ +55
0
C
Temperature rise in the rack: 15
0
C
Ambient relative humidity: 5% ~ 98%
Atmospheric pressure: 70 kPa ~ 106 kPa

In compliance with IP55

In compliance with the IECS529 Case protection Level of
Electrical Equipment and IP55 waterproof (rainproof) and
dustproof requirements.
Interface Specifications
Abis interface specifications
Abis interface adopts the standard E1 interface and meets the
requirements specified by ITU-T G.703 and ITU-T G.704.
Table 4 shows the basics of Abis interfaces.
TAB L E 4 AB I S I NTERFACE BASI CS
Prerequisites Values
Nominal bit rate 2048 kbps
Bit rate error tolerance 5010
-6
Signal code pattern HDB3
PWMD Module
Power Range
Power
Consumption
Indices
Grounding
Requirements
Temperature
and Humidity
Requirements
Atmosphere
pressure
Requirements
Sealing
requirements
Waterproof
and Anti-dust
Requirements


TAB L E 5 - AB I S I NTERFACE EL ECTRI CAL FEATURES
Electrical Features Values
Pulse Shape Rectangle
Nominal pulse width 244 ns
Nominal peak voltage of pulse
(mark)
2.37 V (75 ohm, a pair of
coaxial cables).
3 V (120 ohm, a pair of
symmetrical cables).
Peak voltage when without
pulse (vacant number)
00.237 V (75 ohm, a pair of
symmetrical cables)
3 V (120 ohm, a pair of
symmetrical cables)
Amplitude ratio between
positive and negative pulse
At midpoint of pulse width : >
0.955 ~ 1.05
Digital signal processing
features (1 UI = 488 ns)
1.5 UI (peak-peak value, 20 Hz
~ 100 kHz)
0.2 UI (peak-peak value, 18 kHz
~ 100 kHz)
Input impedance features
2.5% ~ 5% (that is when it is
51.2 kbps ~ 102.4 kbps, echo
attenuation is 12 dB)
5% ~100% (that is when it is
51.2 kbps ~ 102.4 kbps, echo
100% ~ 150% (that is , when it
is 2048 kbps ~ 3072 kbps, echo

Um Interface Specifications
Main characteristics are as follows:
Co-channel interference protection ratio (static): C/I 9 dB
Interference protection ratio of the adjacent
channels: -9 dB
Interference protection ratio of the second adjacent
channel: -43 dB
Wireless channel selection adopts the shared signaling
channel mode.

Wireless
Channel



ZXG10-BS30 possess MCS-1 ~ MCS-9 modulation and coding
modes to support EDGE services. MCS-1 ~ MCS-4 retains the
GMSK modulation mode, while MCS-5 ~ MCS-9 uses the 8PSK
modulation mode. 8PSK allows 3-bit data over each modulation
signal on a wireless path, whereas GMSK allows 1- bit data
under the same conditions.
Different coding modes define different sizes of data blocks and
channel redundancy codes. In comparison with GPRS that
features a mono modulation technique, EDGE is capable of
adapting to a more adverse and wider wireless propagation
environment.
The following characteristics describe the transmitter
performance:
Transmitter phase error:
Phase error of the transmitter is the error between the
actual phase and the theoretical one.
Root mean square of the BTS phase error less than 5
0
and the peak value not over 20
0.

Transmitter frequency error.
Transmitter frequency error is the error between the
actual frequency and theoretical one.
BTS frequency error is less than 0.005 ppm.
Average transmitted carrier power (power amplifier output
requirement: 40 W or 80 W):
There is 6-level static power control function. It can
adjust downwards six power levels with the step of
2 dB 1.0 dB, based on the maximum output power. At
the same time, BTS has the downlink power-control
function. It can decrease the power from level zero to
level 15 with the step of 2 dB 1.5 dB, based on the set
power level.
Specifications compliant with GSM 11.21 and GSM 05.05 are
as follows:
Static layer-1 receiver function (nominal error rate)
before channel decoding, which includes following:
i.multiplexing and multi-addressing
ii.Equalizer decryption
iii.De-interleaving
iv.Channel encoding
Static referential sensitivity level: A level set while
inputting a standard test signal under the static
environment. The Forward Bit Error Rate (FBER), Reverse
Bit Error (RBER) or Bit Error Rate (BER) performance of
the data, generated after modulation and channel
Wireless RF
Modulation
Mode
Transmitter
Performance

decoding, meets the specified requirements when the
level is configured as the referential sensitivity level.
Static sensitivity level for reference of GMSK AND 8PSK
are as follows:
GMSK: -108 dBm
8PSK: -104 dBm
Multi-path referential sensitivity: A level set while
inputting a standard test signal under the multi-path
environment. The FER, RBER or BER performance of the
data generated after modulation and channel decoding
meet the special requirements when the level is
configured as the referential sensitivity level.
Referential interference level (interference and
suppression of same frequency and adjacent channels):
The capability that receiver receives the expected
modulation signal not over given degraded quality. It is
caused by unexpected modulation signal on same carrier
frequency (interference of adjacent channel).
Block and spurious response suppression: Test the
capability that BSS receiver receives the GSM modulation
signal when interferential signal exists.
Inter-modulation suppression: It measures the linear
degree of RF part of receiver. It indicates the receivers
capability of receiving good-quality expected modulation-
signals within the given degraded quality when two or
multiple unexpected signals exist, which are similar to
the expected signal in frequency.
AM suppression: The receivers capacity of receiving the
expected modulation signal is not over the given
degraded quantity when an unexpected modulation signal
exits.
Spurious emission: The emission of frequencies, except
that of RF channel of receiver and adjacent frequencies.
Capacity Specifications
A single rack of ZXG10-BS30 can be configured with one carrier
frequency 40 W (antenna feeder interface outputs 30 W) and
supports S 1/1/1 and O2 site type.
Through site cascading, each site supports three cells with six
carrier frequencies maximum. Each site supports 4-level
cascading and supports S 2/2/2 site type maximum.



Clock specifications
ZXG10-BS30 provides two-level clock with following
specifications:
Accuracy: 1.0 10
-9
Pull-in range: 1.0 10
-9
Maximum frequency offset: 1 10
-9
/day
Maximum initial frequency offset: 1 10
-7
Reliability specifications
The product successfully passed the CE certification. The
personal safety, Electromagnetic Security (EMC) and wireless
frequency spectrum comply with international standards.
The mean time between failures (MTBF) of the system is not
shorter than 59,000 hours and failure rate is not grater than 50
ppm/h.
Components/Modules Specifications
CMM Specifications
Power supply to CMM is -48 V and it consumes 16 W
ETRM Specifications
Power supply to ETRM is -48 V and its consumption is 160 W
PAU (40 W) frequency range: GSM900, EGSM
PAU (20 W) frequency range: GSM1800
PAU (40 W) rated output power: 46 dBm 0.5 dB
PAU (20 W) rated output power: 43 dBm 0.5 dB
In-band power fluctuation: 1 dB
Dynamic power range: 42 dB
PAU gain: 40dB
Input SWR of pau: <1.5
Secondary harmonic suppression: -35 dBc
Tertiary harmonic suppression: -45 dBc
PA efficiency: 30%
The spurious indices comply with GSM 05.05 and GSM 11.21.

Heater specifications
Input voltage: AC 220 V/50 Hz
Allowed voltage fluctuation range: 130 V ~ 300 V
Allowed frequency fluctuation range: 45 Hz ~ 65 Hz
Maximum power consumption: 300 W
UPS Power specifications
Input voltage: AC 220 V/50 Hz single-phase three-line power
Allowed voltage fluctuation range: 130 V ~ 300 V
Allowed frequency fluctuation range: 45 Hz ~ 65 Hz
Rated input current: 8 A
Maximum rated power: 500 W
Output voltage: 220 VAC/50 Hz single-phase three-line power
Allowed voltage fluctuation range: 20%
Output frequency: 45 Hz ~ 65 Hz
Lightning protection box
Input voltage: 380 VAC (three-phase four-line or three-phase
five-line) or single phase 220 VAC
Input frequency fluctuation range: 45 Hz~65 Hz
Maximum input current: 100 A
Output current: 220 VAC signal port
Output frequency fluctuation range: 45 Hz ~ 65 Hz
Lightning protection class: Class B + C or Class C
Multifunctional box specifications
Dimensions: 680 mm 353 mm (HWD)
Weight: 25Kg (excluding the transmission equipment)
Input voltage: 130 VAC ~ 300 VAC
Allowed frequency fluctuation range: 45 Hz~65 Hz
Output voltage: 220 VAC single-phase three-line power
Lightning protection class: Class C
It supports built-in HDSL, microwave, satellite or SDH
transmission device that is 3U thick and smaller than 19 19.



This Page is intentionally blank

Ch a p t e r 3
Interfaces and Protocols

This chapter includes the different external interfaces and
protocols of ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5).
Overview
Figure 9 shows the ZXG10-BS30 main interfaces in the system
FI GURE 9 ZXG10- BS30 EXTERNAL I NTERFACES
BTS BTS BSC
LMT
MS MS
External
monitor
-ing
system
Um interface
Abis interface
MMI interface
Tower
amplifier
system
Tower amplifier
systeminterface
M interface
B interface



ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) provides the following interfaces
Abis and Um interfaces
B-interface (cascaded interface between BTSs)
Interfaces to external environment monitoring system
(M interface) , local O&M interfaces
Access interfaces of primary power supply system and
grounding interfaces
Abis interface is between BTS and BSC, and Um interface is
between BTS and MS. The B interface is actually an extension of
the Abis interface. The tower amplification system provides the
power supply and the alarm interfaces. The Man-machine
Interface (MMI) is an interface between the Local Maintenance
Terminal (LMT) and BTS. The access interface of the primary
power supply system and the grounding interface provide the
primary power supply and grounding protection for the system
respectively.
Interfaces
Abis Interface
Abis interface is the standard interface between BTS and BSC.
Abis interface sends the signals from BSC to BTS. These signals
are generally the standard PCM 2 Mbps E1 signals, transmitted
physically in one of the following ways:
Over 75 ohm coaxial cable in unbalanced mode
Over 120 ohm cable in balanced mode
Digital microwaves, fiber transmission (SDH/PDH) or satellite
link.
Abis interface supports access of two E1s. Under the normal
configuration, one E1 is used as Abis interface connected to BSC
and other E1 connected to BTS. Abis interface supports multiple
networking modes like star, chain, and tree networking. It also
supports 2 bit switching.
When the T150 module is built in, E1_A on the DBCU board is
not led out from rack, but directly connected to the E1 interface
of the T150 module inside. Other E1 is led out from the bottom
of the rack, used for transmitting another channel of E1 signals
in the T150 or connecting with other rack.

The circuit service protocol falls into three layers on Abis
interface:
Layer-1 (physical layer) is the PCM digital link at 2048 kbps

Layer-2 (data link layer) is based on LapD
LAYER-3 transparently transmits layer-3 messages on A-
interface and manages radio resources.
The protocols related to Abis interface are as follows:
GSM 08.52: It specifies the basic principles and rules of the
other specifications for the Abis interface. It also specifies
how the service functions are divided between BSC and BTS
GSM 08.54: It presents the Abis interface physical structure.
GSM 08:56: It defines the data link layer protocol for the
Abis interface.
GSM 12.21: It identifies the O&M message transmission
mechanism on the Abis interface.
Table 6 shows the signal definitions of the Abis interface
TAB L E 6 AB I S I NTERFACE SI GNAL DEFI NI TI ON
Serial
No.
Interface
Name.
Line
Signal
Signal
Definition
Connector
Signal
Direction
1 A_IN HDB3
Input signal
via the E1_A
interface
One CC4
connector
BSC
CMM
2 A_OUT HDB3
Output
signal via the
E1_A
interface
One CC4
connector
CMM
BSC
3 D_IN HDB3
Input signal
via the E1_D
interface
One CC4
connector
BSC
CMM
4 D_OUT HDB3
Output
signal via the
E1_D
interface
One CC4
connector
CMM
BSC

Data format on the Abis interface can be configured flexibly.
Table 7 shows some examples of TS configurations on the
Abis interface.



TAB L E 7 - TS CONFI GURATI ONS ON THE AB I S I NTERFACE

O&M signaling at different sites occupies the fixed and
multiplexed time slot on Abis interface. During the CMM
initialization, the CMM reads the ID signal from the rack top to
locate the Time Slot (TS) of the O&M signaling on the Abis
interface. For detailed description of ID, refer to ZXG10-BS30
(V1.5) Compact Outdoor BTS Hardware Manual.
The Abis interface has the following four types of TSs:
TCH TS for ETRM service
FUL TS for ETRM signaling
O&M TS for operation and maintenance signaling

External Alarm Monitoring (EAM) TS for transparent
environment monitoring channel
Abis interface processing is as follows:
Transparently transmit the TCH, FUL, O&M and EAM between
cascaded sites.
On the site, the processes are according to the direction of the
signaling as follows:
Downlink: TCH and FUL signals transparently transmitted to
each ETRM. The O&M transparently switches to QUICC Multi
channel Controller (QMC) (QUICC=Quad Integrated
communication controller) interface of CMM in each rack. The
CMM identifies the O&M signaling according to Terminal
Equipment Identification (TEI) and master rack transparently
transmits the EAM signaling.
Uplink: The TCH signaling is transmitted transparently. FUL
signaling in the same rack is compressed and packed in the
CMM. O&M signaling is multiplexed based on TEI, and master
rack transparently transmits the EAM signaling.
Um Interface
Um interface is between BTS and MS.
In PLMN, MS connects fixed part of the network through a radio
channel to enable subscribers to access communication services.
To interconnect the MS and BTS, a series of conditions are
provided for signal transmission over the radio channel, and a
set of standards is set up. This set of specific actions about
signal transmission over radio channel is the Um interface.
The Um interface is the air interface between BTS to mobile
phones. It is an important interface of the BTS externally .It
consists of the following three layers:
The first layer (bottom) is the Physical layer. It consists of
various channels and provides the basic wireless channels for
upper-level message transmission.
The second layer (middle) is the data link layer with the LapDm
adopted. It consists of various data transmission structures and
controls data transmission.
The third layer is the highest layer. It consists of various
messages and programs and provides service control.
Layer three further consists of three sub-layers:
Radio-Resource Management (RR)
Mobility Management (MM)
Connection Management (CM)



Inter-rack Data/Clock Interface (B-interface)
Inter-rack synchronous signal interface is needed along with E1
interface to support rack extension in the same site. This
interface makes sure that the clock of different racks in the
same site is synchronized. Inter-rack data transmission uses 4
MHz High Way (HW) cable.
Inter-rack synchronous signal interface uses Low Voltage
Differential Signaling (LVDS) differential line to transmit 60 ms
synchronous clock signals.
BS30 provides two pairs of synchronous clock input/output
interfaces which are led out from the bottom of the rack, one
pair for input and another one for output. Refer Table 8 for the
interface descriptions.
TAB L E 8 - I NTER- RACK SYNCHRONOUS SI GNAL I NTERFACE DESCRI PTI ON
Interf
ace
Name
Connec
tor
Line
Signal
Pin Signal Definition
Signal
Direction
1
ABIS_SYNCLK_I
N+
Main rack
Expansion
rack
2
ABIS_SYNCLK_I
N-
Main rack
Expansion
rack
3
ABIS_SYNCLK_O
UT+
Main rack
Expansion
rack
SYN_
CLK
1X6-
core
round
water-
proof
connect
or
60ms
synchro
nous
clock
LVDS
clock
4
ABIS_SYNCLK_O
UT-
Main rack
Expansion
rack

Table 9 shows inter-rack HW signaling interfaces descriptions
The BS30 provides three groups of HW signals, one group for
input and two groups for output

TAB L E 9 I NTER- RACK HW SI GNAL I NTERFACES DESCRI PTI ONS

Antenna Feeder Interface
Um interface uses the antenna to implement air transmission
of the radio signals between BTS and MS.
Interface
Name.
Connector Line Signal Pin
Signal
Definition
Signal
Direction
1 CK13M+
Main rack
Expansion
rack
2 CK13M-
Main rack
Expansion
rack
3 CK_SYNCLK+
Main rack
Expansion
rack
4 CK_SYNCLK-
Main rack
Expansion
rack
6 CK4M+
Main rack
Expansion
rack
7 CK4M-
Main rack
Expansion
rack
8 CK8K+
Main rack
Expansion
rack
9 CK8K-
Main rack
Expansion
rack
11 4M_HWRX+
Main rack
Expansion
rack
12 4M_HWRX-
Main rack
Expansion
rack
13 4M_HWTX+
Main rack
Expansion
rack
M_HW
S_HW
3X20-core
round
water-
proof
connector
60ms
synchronous
clock LVDS
signal
14 4M_HWTX-
Main rack
Expansion
rack



BS30 provides three antenna feeder interfaces which are led out
at the bottom of the rack. Table 10 shows the interface
descriptions.
TAB L E 10 ANTENNA I NTERFACES DESCRI PTI ONS
Ser
ial
No.
Interfa
ce
Name.
Line Signal
Signal
Definition
Connec
tor
Signal
Direction
1
Ant_TX
/RX
900M/1800M
RF
transmitting/r
eceiving signal
Antenna
feeder
transmitting/r
eceiving signal
Feeder
antenna
DPM
(duplexer
)
2
Ant_R
X
900M/1800M
RF receiving
signal
Antenna
feeder
diversity
receiving
signal
Feeder
antenna
DPM
(RX
filter)
3
RX_DI
V
900M/1800M
RF receiving
signal
Cascade
diversity
receiving
signal
Waterp
roof
Type N
flange
connec
tor
(cover
ed with
waterp
roof
connec
tor
when
not
used;
to use
it,
open
the
waterp
roof
connec
tor and
install
cables)
Diversity
rack
TRM

Ant_Tx/Rx connects with Rx/Tx antenna and Ant_Rx connects
with the Rx antenna. Rx-DIV interface is the extension interface
for connecting the Ant_Rx interface of a cascaded rack.
When there is no cascaded rack, only Ant_Tx/Rx and Ant_Rx
interfaces are needed, connecting with one Rx/Tx antenna and
one Rx antenna respectively to implement the diversity receiving
function.
In case of O2 configuration, three antenna feeder interfaces:
Ant_Tx/Rx, Ant_Rx and Rx_DIV and two Rx/Tx antennas are
needed to implement the diversity receiving function of the Main
and expansion rack. The two Tx/Rx interfaces of the main and
expansion racks are connected with two Tx/Rx antennas. The
Ant_Tx/Rx interface of the main rack is connected to the Rx_DIV
interface of the expansion rack, and the Rx_DIV interface of the
main rack to the Ant_Rx interface of the expansion rack. In case
of O3 configuration, additional antenna is needed. The three
racks are connected one by one to implement diversity receiving
function.

Interface with the External Environment
Monitoring System
External environment monitoring equipment provides two types
of interfaces: serial port communication mode based on RS-232,
and communication mode that directly reflects the alarm status
in the dry contact mode.
Table 11 shows the description of input/output dry contact
interface.
TAB L E 11 I NPUT/ OUTPUT DRY CONTACT I NTERFACE DESCRI PTI ON
Serial
No.
Interface
Name.
Line
Signal
Pin
Signal
Definition
Connector
Signal
Direction
1 ALM_IN0+
Input
externally
2 ALM_IN0-
Input
externally
3 ALM_IN1+
Input
externally
4 ALM_IN1-
Input
externally
5 ALM_IN2+
Input
externally
6 ALM_IN2-
Input
externally
7 ALM_IN3+
Input
externally
8 ALM_IN3-
Input
externally
9 ALM_IN4+
Input
externally
10 ALM_IN4-
Input
externally
11 ALM_IN9+
Input
externally
12 ALM_IN9-
Input
externally
13 ALM_IN10+
Input
externally
14 ALM_IN10-
Input
externally
15 ALM_IN11+
Input
externally
1 Relay_ALM1
Trunk
node
16 ALM_IN11-
1X6-core
round
water-
proof
connector

Input
externally



BS30 provides one RS-232 interface and eight pairs of trunk
node inputs that are led out from the bottom of the rack. For
indoor configuration, CMM provides an EAM transparent channel
(RS-232 interface) to BSC for the external environment
monitoring equipment.
Man-Machine Interface
Man-Man Interface (MMI) is a serial communication interface
between BTS and local O&M terminal.
MMI is carried out by the 10-BaseT network interface or RS232
interface between the CMM and local O&M terminal.
MMI can be connected to the serial interface of the local O&M
terminal computer or network interface through the ETP of the
CMM panel. Refer to Table 12 for MMI interface features.
TAB L E 12 MMI I NTERFACE FEATURES
Signal
Definition
Signal Description Feature
Signal
Direction
TD+ 10 Base-T Tx signals. Manchester Front panel
OUT
TD- 10 Base-T Tx signals. Manchester Front panel
OUT
RD++ 10 Base-T Rx signals. Manchester Front panel
IN
RD-- 10 Base-T Rx signals. Manchester Front panel
IN
TXD_debug RS232 Tx signals for
debugging.
232 level Front panel
OUT
RXD_debug RS232 Rx signals for
debugging.
232 level Front panel
IN
GND RS232 grounding wire
for debugging.
Digital ground Front panel
OUT
220 V AC Power Input Interface
220 V AC power supply is provided by the mains or UPS, which
is led in at the bottom of the rack to provide power to PWM.
Table 13 shows the 220V AC power input interface descriptions.

TAB L E 13 220 V AC POWER I NPUT I NTERFACE
Interface
Name.
Line
Signal
Corresponding
Interface
Signal
Definition
Connector
Signal
Direction
AC_IN_L
AC
phase-
line L
AC_IN_N
AC
phase-
line N
AC_IN
220
VAC
AC_IN_PE
AC
Protection
Earth
(PE)
3-core
aeronautical
socket
External
PSM

PWM provides -48 V DC power supply which is led out from the
bottom of the rack. For the interface descriptions refer Table 14
TAB L E 14 DESCRI PTI ON OF THE - 48 V DC OUTPUT I NTERFACE
Interface
Name.
Line
Signal
Pin
Signal
Definition
Connector
Signal
Direction
1
-48VDC
output
2
48VDC
ground
output
-48V_EXT
-
48VDC
3
Protection
ground
3-core
aeronautical
socket
PWM
output
-48 DC Power Input Interface
Table 15 shows the description of 220 V AC Power Input
Interface
TAB L E 15 - DESCRI PTI ON OF THE - 48 DC POWER I NPUT I NTERFACE
Interfac
e
Name.
Line
Signal
Correspondi
ng
Interface
Signal
Definition
Connector
Signal
Directio
n
-48V_GND
-48V
ground
-48V -48V input -48_IN -48V
PE
Protection
ground
3-core
aeronauti
cal socket
Externa
l PSM

PWMD provides the -48 DC power supplies that are led out from
the bottom of the rack. For interface description refer Table 16



TAB L E 16 DESCRI PTI ON OF THE - 48 VDC OUTPUT I NTERFACE
Interface
Name.
Line
Signal
Pin
Signal
Definition
Connector
Signal
Direction
1 GND
2 GND
3 GND
4 -48V
5 -48V
-48 V_EXT
-48
VDC
6 -48V
6-core
aeronautical
socket
PWM
output
Optical Fiber Access Interface
Optical fiber access interface is used to access the tail fiber in a
built-in T150 module. It is led in from the bottom of the rack.
Optical fiber access interface descriptions are as sown in the
Table 17
TAB L E 17 OPTI CAL FI B ER ACCESS I NTERFACE DESCRI PTI ON
Interfac
es
Name
line
Signal
Pin
Signal
Definit
ion
Conne
ctor
Fiber
Requirem
ent
Signal
Directi
on
Optical_I
n1
Built-
in STM
optical
fiber
input
1
Optical_O
ut1
Built-
in STM
optical
fiber
output
1
Optical_I
n2
Built-
in STM
optical
fiber
input
2
Optical
Optical
signal
Optical_O
ut2
Built-
in STM
optical
fiber
output
2
Fiber
t0068r
ough
socket
Waterpro
of
tail fiber
STM

Fiber
splice
tray


Protocols
Two important external interfaces for the ZXG10-BS30 are Abis
interface and Um interface.
On the Abis and Um interfaces, ZXG10-BS30 processes the LapD
protocol, LapDm protocol and RR/MM/CM protocol. Following are
descriptions of the three protocols in combination with the actual
system circumstance.
LapD Protocol
LapD (Link Access Procedure on D Channel) is a data Link
procedure for signaling transmission between BTS and BSC. It
transmits messages between the L3 entities in the D channel.
LapD is a point-to-multipoint communication protocol that
utilizes frame structure.
In the ZXG10-BS30, LapD implements the following functions:
Implementation through hardware
Provide one or multiple data connections in D-channel:
Data Link Connection Identifier (DLCI) identifies the data
link connections in the frames. DLCI consists of Terminal
Equipment Identifier (TEI) and Service Access Point
Identifier (SAPI) indicating the service and entity that are
accessed.
Delimitation: Location and Transparency of the frame
Error detection
Implementation through software:
Sequence control: Ensuring sequential transmission of
the frames
Error recovering
Notifying the management entity of the un-recoverable
error
Traffic control
In ZXG10-BS30, LapD is implemented in the LapD module of
RSL. Figure 10 shows the position of the LapD module in RSL.



FI GURE 10 POSI TI ON OF L APD MODUL E I N RSL
LapD module
OAMM FURRM
Physical layer
BSC

LapD module communicates with the physical layer and L3.
LapD protocol is processed in FURRM.
OAMM configures the parameters such as Terminal Equipment
Identifier (TEI) and values of the timer necessary for LapD
module running.
LapD module provides two types of information transmission
modes for the FURRM: I-frame multi-frame operation and UI
frame operation.
L3 message is sent in the information frame mode, which
requires the confirmation from the receiver. This mode provides
a whole set of control mechanism for error recovering and flow
control. It also deals with the establishment mechanism and
release mechanism for multi-frame operation.
Figure 11 shows I-frame structure
FI GURE 11 L APD FRAME STRUCTURE
flag Address Control Information FCS flag
SAPI TEI N(S) N(R)
1 0-260 2 1

LapD frame contains the following fields:
Address field: The address field contains the following two
identifiers:
TEI: TEI performs addressing for different units through
TEI in the Abis interface link.
Service Access Point Identifier (SAPI): Generally, a unit
has multiple functional entities, and the logical physical
links between different functional entities are identified
I-frame
multi-frame
operation

by the functional address SAPI. Links of the three kinds
of information are distinguished by SAPI as below:
SAPI=0 represents the signaling link
SAPI=62 represents the O&M link
SAPI=63 represents the management link of the LapD
layer
Control field
N(S) represents I-frames current sending serial number.
N(R) represents the receiving serial number, the
expected sending serial number of the next I-frame, N(R)
predict the instruction from the receiving end.
Frame Check Sequence (FCS): FCS is used for error code
detection.
Flag: Flag is the beginning and end token of a frame. It is
an 8-bit of data starting and ending with 0s and
containing six consecutive 1s in between.
L3 message is sent in the no-serial-number frame mode, and
the receiver is not required to send the received confirmation
after receiving the UI-frame. This operation mode does not
provide flow control or error recovering mechanism.
Figure 12 shows the UI-frame structure.
FI GURE 12 L APD UI FRA ME STRUCTURE
000 P 0011 TEI SAPI
Address Control Information

UI-frame structure consists of the following fields:
Address field: It contains SAPI and TEI, which has the same
functions as in I-frame Multi-frame Operation
Control Field: In the control field P represents the query bit;
if this bit is set to 1, it means to require the response frame
from the peer entity
Information field
LapDm Protocol
LapDm is a data link protocol for signaling transmission between
MS and BTS. It uses the Dm channel to transmit message for
entities of the L3 entities via the radio interface. LapDm is based
on LapD with some simplification and modification.
UI-frame
Operation



In the ZXG10-BS30, LapDm implements the following functions:
Providing a point-to-point data link connection in a
Dm channel and multiple services for the upper layer. The
data link connections are identified by the DLCIs in the
respective frames. DLCI in the LapDm protocol only contains
SAPI, indicating the target service access point.
Supports to the identify diversified frame types.
Supports the transparent transmission of L3 messages
between L3 entities.
Sequence control, to maintain the sequence of respective
frames connected via data link.
Checking the format and operation errors in the data link
layer.
Notifying the L3 entities to process the unrecoverable errors.
Flow control.
Supports access of the burst solution mode after the RACH
channel access is instantly assigned.
In the ZXG10-BS30 LapDm is implemented in the LapDm
module of Radio Signal Link (RSL). Figure 13 shows the position
of LapDm module in RSL
FI GURE 13 L APDM MODUL E
LapDm module
OAMM FURRM
Physical layer

LapDm module communicates with the physical layer and L3.The
L3 protocol is processed in FURRM. OAMM configures the values
of the timer necessary for LapDm module running.
LapDm module provides two types of message transmission
modes for FURRM: I-frame multi-frame operation and UI frame
operation. In terms of frame structure, LapDm eliminates the
Frame Delimiter Flag (FLAG) and the Frame Check Sequence
(FCS). In LapDm, frame delimitation information is transmitted
by means of synchronization scheme of the radio interface
without the beginning frame and end frame flags. FCS is not
available in the LapDm because the transmission scheme in the
physical layer of the Um interface has the error check function.

The L3 message is sent in the information frame mode, which
requires the confirmation from the receiver. This mode provides
a whole set of control mechanism for multi-frame operations as
follows:
Establishment mechanism
Release mechanism
Error recovery and flow control
Figure 14 shows Iframe structure of LapDm
FI GURE 14 L APDM I - FRAME STRUCTURE
SAPI N(S) N(R)
Address Control Information

I-fame in LapDm consists of the following fields:
Address field: It contains SAPI. LapDm supports signaling
and sort message service on the radio interface. It
distinguishes between the two , using SAPI as follows:
SAPI=0 represents signaling link
SAPI=3 represents the short message link
Control field
N (S) represents I-frame current sending serial number.
N I represent I-frame current received serial number and
the expected sending serial number of the next I-frame.
It is used to predict the instructions from the receiving
end.
Information field
The maximum length of a LapDm frame on the TCH is 23 bytes
and on SACCH is 21 bytes. The difference is because of the two
special-purpose bytes in each SACCH block. The maximum
length of the frame on the radio interface is 21 or 23 bytes,
which is less than the need of signaling. Thus defining of
segmentation and regrouping is required in LapDm. Therefore,
an additional bit is used to distinguish the last packet frame
from other frames.
I frame
multi-frame
operation



RR/MM/CM Protocol
RR/MM/CM protocol, consisting CM, MM and RR sub layers, is
responsible for control and management. It allocates information
of the subscriber and system control process into the designated
logical channels according to certain protocols.
CM Layer a communication management layer which establishes
connections between subscribers, holds and releases calls. This
layer provides all control (CC), Supplementary Service
Management (SSM) and Short Message Service (SMS).
MM Layer is responsible for mobility and security management,
namely, the necessary processing when the mobile station
initiates location updating.
It is a radio resource management layer which establishes and
releases connections between MS and MSC during the call
process.
In the ZXG10-BS30 the radio resource management module and
paging module in RSL are used to implement the RR/MM/CM
protocol, and perform processing of transparent and non-
transparent messages in L3.
BTS is responsible for forwarding transparent messages, without
any additional analysis or change.

These are only transmitted between BSC and BTS, and are
processed by BTS according to the specific message contents.

Um interface: The signaling on the Um interface includes all
messages of RR, MM, and CM and most of the messages are
transparent to BTS.
The structure of L3 messages on the Um interface is illustrated
as shown in Table 18.
TAB L E 18 THE STRUCTURE OF L 3 MESSAGE ON THE UM I NTERFACE
TI Flag Protocol Indicator
0 Message Type
Information unit (mandatory)
Information unit (optional)
The protocol indicator is used to indicate the protocol type (RR,
CM or SMS.). TI, a transaction flag, is used to distinguish
multiple concurrent CM connections. The message type indicates
functions of an L3 message.

CM Layer
MM Layer
RR Layer
Transparent
messages
Non-Transparent
Messages

Abis-interface
On the Abis interface, most of the radio interface signaling
messages are transmitted transparently in L3. This protocol
performs management over the physical and logical
equipment of BTS, equipment start, release parameter
control and performance monitoring, to ensure normal
communication services. It divides the managed objects into
four types: radio link layer, dedicated channel, control
channel and transceiver.
The structure of L3 messages on the Abis interface is
illustrated in Table 19
TAB L E 19 THE STRUCTURE OF L 3 MESSAGES ON THE AB I S I NTERFACE
Message Discriminator T
Message Type
Channel number
Link identifier
Other information cell



This page is intentionally blank

Ch a p t e r 4
System Functions

This chapter introduces important functions of ZXG10-BS30
(V1.5), including:
Radio frequency
Baseband processing
Signaling processing
Operation and maintenance
Overview
BTS works under the management and control of BSC.
BTS works with BSC to manage:
Radio resource and radio network
Control the establishment
Connection and disconnection of the radio connections
between MS and BTS
Control the access
Handover and paging of MS
To provide the adaptation and interconnection of GPRS
services
To implement the operation and maintenance of BSS
BTS has the following four major functions to implement the
above services:
RF function: Implementing the radio connections between
MS and BTS.
Baseband processing functions:
voice encoding
Transcoding and rate adaptation functions, including
processing of GPRS/EDGE service.



Signaling processing function: Based on the BSC instructions,
controls the establishment, connection and release of the
radio connections between MS and BTS. It also controls the
MS access, handover and paging, including GPRS/EDGE
service.
Operation and maintenance (O&M) function: Provides O&M
agent for BSC and implementing radio resources and radio
network management and O&M functions for BTS
subsystems.
RF Functions
RF functions of the ZXG10-BS30 meet the requirement of GSM
05.05 specifications and features are as follows:
High receiving sensitivity
Flexible configuration
Easy O&M
Diversity receiving
Frequency hopping
Power control
High Receiving Sensitivity
The static receiving sensitivity of the BTS reaches up to
100 dBm. The high sensitivity guarantees performance in the
uplink channels of BTS, and is one of the prerequisites for a wide
coverage of BTS.
Flexible Configuration
BTS supports 1~3 carriers per site in omni-directional coverage
or directional coverage. It supports 1~3 sectors which can be
configured flexibly when applicable. Through the adjustment of
front-end gain (such as tower amplifier and low-noise amplifier),
the loss in different length of feeder of the BTS can be
compensated to guarantee consistent receiving system gain.
Easy O&M
OMCR controls RF of the BTS from remote to change the
transmit power, transceiving frequency. The alarm signals
generated from the RF are reported to OMCR, so that the
operators at the background can control the RF operation and
understand the operation status.

Chapter 4-Networking and System Config
Diversity Receiving
BTS provide the diversity receiving function. It is implemented
by two sets of independent receiving equipment working at the
same time. It includes antenna, tower top amplifier (optional),
feeder, divider and receiver. The application of the diversity
receiving function enhances the anti-fading capability of the BTS
receiver. It also enables excellent receiving performance of the
BTS even in complex radio transmission environment.
Frequency Hopping
Frequency hopping is an important measure to enhance the BTS
performance. Frequency hopping improves the anti-fading
capability in the uplink and downlink channels, and also
reinforces the security.
BTS supports two working modes: Hopping and Non-hopping. In
hopping mode, the transceiver changes the working frequency
according to a certain hopping sequence, and in non-hopping
mode, the transceiver uses a fixed working frequency.
Power Control
ZXG10-BS30 supports following power control functions:
Static power control ranges up to 12 dB with 2 dB per step.
The static power control enables ZXG10-BS30 coverage
adjustment.
Dynamic power control ranges up to 30 db, With 2 db per
step. BSC can adjust ZXG10-BS30 transmitting power
according to the distance between MS and ZXG10-BS30.
Idle time slot transmitting shutoff functions, since there is no
downlink signal, BSC commands ZXG10-BS30 to shut off the
transmitting power of that time slot. These power control
functions increase the efficiency of transmitter and reliability
of power amplifier, and minimize the transmitter interference.
Baseband Processing
Baseband processing implements the function of physical layer
on Um interface, by processing all full-duplex channel baseband
data on one TDMA frame.
In the downlink direction, it performs the following functions:
Rate adaptation
Channel encoding and interleaving



Encryption
TDMA burst generation
In the uplink direction, it performs the following functions:
Digital demodulation
Decryption
De-interleaving
Channel decoding
Rate adaptation
Signaling Processing
ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) processing implements the following two
functions:
Interconnection between MS and BSS/NSS on Um interface
layer
Management of some radio resource under the control of
BSC
Specifically, ZXG10-BS30 signaling processing functions are
following:
Wireless link layer management functions
Dedicated channel management functions
Common channel management functions
TRX management function
Wireless Link Management Function
This function supports the following procedures:
Link establishment indication procedure allows ZXG10-BS30
to send BSC an indication that an MS-originated link in
multi-frame mode has been established successfully.
Through this indication, the BSC establishes Signaling
Connection Control Protocol (SCCP) link to MSC.
Link establishment request procedure allows BSC to request
to establish a link in multi-frame mode on a radio channel.
Link release request procedure allows BSC to request
ZXG10-BS30 to release a radio link.
Link release indication procedure allows ZXG10-BS30 to give
BSC an indication that the MS-originated radio link has been
released.
Um L3 message transparent forwarding procedure in
acknowledgment mode allows BSC to request

ZXG10-BS30 to transparently forward an Um interface L3
message in acknowledgment mode.
Um L3 message transparent receiving procedure in
acknowledgment mode: It allows ZXG10-BS30 to give BSC
an indication that an Um interface L3 message is received
transparently in acknowledgment mode.
Um L3 message transparent forwarding procedure in
non-acknowledgement mode: It allows BSC request ZXG10-
BS30 to transparently forward an Um interface L3 message
in non-acknowledgment mode.
Um L3 message transparent receiving procedure in
non-acknowledgment: It allows ZXG10-BS30 to give BSC an
indication that an Um interface L3 message is received
transparently in non-acknowledgment mode.
Link error indication procedure allows ZXG10-BS30 to give
BSC an indication about the abnormity of a radio link layer.
Figure 15 shows the link establishment procedure originated by
MS.
FI GURE 15 MS ORI GI NATED L I NK ESTAB L I SHMENT

MS LapDm FURRM
HPIMan
LapD
BSC OAM
Dm_DL_EST_IND
DL_DATA_REQ(EST IND)
DL_DATA_IND
(EST IND)

(SABM)
Set Timer
MPH_CHPIndToRR
(CHP
SYNCHRONIZED)
DL_DATA_REQ(CONN FAIL
IND)
(CONN FAIL IND)
kill Timer

The process is as follows:
ZXG-BS30 (V1.5) gives the BSC an indication that one
multi-frame-mode L2 link as been established on the wireless
path.
During the paging, GSM 04.08 MESSAGE PAGING RESPONSE
contianed in DL_EST_IND set to FURRM module.
Link
Establishment



After the FURRM module sends the EST IND message, there
may be two situation:
If the current channel is the TCH activated in the service
mode, the synchronization timer enables to wait for the
synchronization between CHP and TC.
If the synchronization is not implemented until the timer
expires, the FURRM sends the CONN DAIL IND message
to the BSC. This message instructs BSC to wait for BTS to
release the channel where the conversation cannot be
established normally.
Figure 16 Link establishment procedure originated by BSC
FI GURE 16 BSC ORI GI NATED L I NK ESTAB L I SHMENT.

MS LapDm FURRM
HPIMan
LapD
BSC OAMM

Dm_DL_EST_
REQ
DL_DATA_IND(EST REQ)
(EST REQ)
(SABM)
(UA)

Dm_DL_EST_
CONF
DL_DATA_REQ(EST_CONF)
(EST CONF)
BSC requests the BTS to establish a link for point-to-point
transmission (SAPI = 3) on the radio channel.
Figure 17 shows the link establishment failure.
FI GURE 17 L I NK ESTAB L I SHMENT FAI L URE.

MS LapDm FURRM HPIMan LapD BSC OAMM
Dm_DL_EST_
REQ
DL_DATA_IND(EST REQ)
(EST REQ)
(SABM)
Dm_DL_REL_IND
DL_DATA_REQ(REL IND)
(REL IND)
Dm_MDL_ERR_
IND
(ERR IND)
DL_DATA_REQ(ERR IND)

When the link connection fails, the FURRM receives the
Dm_DL_REL_IND and Dm_MDL_ERROR_IND primitives from the
data link layer. The latter primitive records the failure
cause:Timer T200 expires for M200+1 times:Execution released
abnormally.FURRM attaches this cause in the ERROR REPORT
message and reports it to BSC.
Figure 18 shows link release procedure originated by MS
FI GURE 18 MS ORI GI NATED L I NK REL EASE

MS LapDm FURRM
HPIMan
LapD
BSC OAMM
Dm_DL_REL_IND
(REL IND)
(DISC)
(UA)

BTS gives BSC an indication that the link-layer connection has
been released on the radio channel.If the link layer is idle mode,
BTS returns a Dm frame to MS but not notify it to BSC.
Figure 19 shows the link release procedure requested by BSC
FI GURE 19 BSC REQUESTED L I NK REL EASE

MS LapDm FURRM HPIMan LapD
BSC OAM

Dm_DL_REL_REQ
DL_DATA_IND(REL REQ)
(REL REQ)
(DISC)
(UA or DM)

Dm_DL_REL_CO
NF
DL_DATA_REQ(REL CONF)
(REL CONF)

Link Release



Figure 20 shows the link release failure.
FI GURE 20 L I NK REL EASE FAI L URE

MS LapDm FURRM
HPIMan
LapD
BSC OAMM

Dm_DL_REL_R
EQ
DL_DATA_IND(REL REQ)
(REL REQ)
(DISC)

Dm_DL_REL_I
ND
(REL IND)
Dm_MDL_ERR_IN
D DL_DATA_REQ(ERRIND)
(ERRIND)

BSC requests to release a multi-frame-mode link layer
connection (SAPI = 3) on the radio channel.
BTS sends the DISC frame and starts the timer T200 at the
same time. If the UA or Dm frame is not received until T200
expires, the DISC will be resent and the resend times increased
by one. If the failure persists, the
Dm_DL_RELEASE_INDICATION and MDL_ERROR_INDICATION
primitives from the data link layer will be received in L3. The
latter primitive records the failure cause: Timer T200 expires
for N200 + 1 times: Execution released abnormally.
Figure 21 shows the transmission.
FI GURE 21 TRANSPARENT L 3 MESSAGE I N ACK NOWL EDGE MODE


Dm_DL_DATA_R
EQ
(DATA REQ)
(I frames)
(RR frames)
DL_DATA_IND(DATA REQ)

Transparent L3
Message
Sending and
Receiving in
Acknowledgmet
Mode

BSC requests to send a L3 transparent message in the
acknowledgmet mode to MS.
DATA REQ message contains a complete L3 transparent
message in the acknowledgment mode. BTS sends the I frame
and starts the timer T200 at the same time. Meanwhile, it
records resend times N200 of the I frame. When the T200
expires for N200 times continuously or the REJ frame is received,
the BTS sends the ERROR IND message to the BSC.
Figure 22 shows receiving transparent L3 message in
acknowledge mode.
FI GURE 22 RECEI VI NG TRANSPARENT L 3 MESSAGE I N ACK NOWL EDGE MODE


Dm_DL_DATA_I
ND
DL_DATA_REQ(DATA IND)
(DATA IND)
(I frames)
(RR frames)

BSC forwards the L3 transparent message from MS to BSC.
DATA IND message contains a complete L3 transparent message
in the acknowledgment mode.
Figure 23 shows the procedure of transmitting a L3 transparent
message from BSC.
FI GURE 23 TRANSMI TTI NG L 3 TRANSPARENT MESSA GE I N NON-
ACK NOWL EDGMENT MODE

MS LapDm FURRM HPIman LapD BSC OAMM
Dm_DL_UNIT
DATA _REQ
DL_DATA_IND
(UNIT DATA REQ)
(UNIT DATA REQ)
(UI frames)

BSC requests to send a L3 transparent message in the
non-acknowledgment mode to MS.
UNIT DATA REQ message contains a complete L3 transparent
message in the non-acknowledgmet mode.
Figure 24 shows the procedure of transmitting an L3 transparent
message from MS.
Trancereciving of
Transparent L3
Message in Non-
acknowledment
Mode



FI GURE 24 RECEI VI NG L 3 TRANSPARENT MESSAGE I N NON-
ACK NOWL EDGEMENT MODE

(UI frames)
Dm_DL_UNIT
DATA_IND DL_DATA_REQ
(UNIT DATA IND)
(UNIT DATA IND)

BSC forwards to MSC L3 transparent message in the
non-acknowledment mode which is received from MS.
UNIT DATA IND message contains a complete L3 transparent
message in the non-acknowledgment mode.
Dedicated Channel Management Function
Dedicated channel management functions support the following
procedure:
Channel activation procedure allows BSC to make BTS
activate a dedicated channel for MS. When the channel
activates successfully, it hands-over MS to this channel
through an assignment command or handover command.
Channel mode change procedure allows BSC to request BTS
to change the mode of activated channel.
Handover detection procedure checks the access of
hand-over MS between the target BTS and target BSC.
Encryption start procedure starts the encryption procedure
specified in TS GSM 04.08.
Measurement report procedure includes the mandatory basic
measurement report procedure and the optional
pre-processed measurement report procedure. BTS uses
these two procedures to report all the parameters related to
handover decisions to BSC.
SACCH deactivation procedure allows BSC to deactivate
SACCH channels of TRX according to the requirements of
channel release procedure in TS GSM 04.08.
Radio channel release procedure allows BSC to instruct BTS
to release a radio channel that is no longer in use.
MS power control procedure allows BSS to control
transmitting power of MS related to a specific activated
channel.
BS power control procedure allows BSS to control
transmitting power of an activated channel in TRX.

Connection failure procedure allows BTS to give BSC an
indication that an activated dedicated-channel has been
disconnected.
Physical environment content request/confirmation
procedure allows BSC to obtain physical parameters of a
specific channel, which generally happens before a change to
the channel. This procedure is optional.
SACCH fill-in information change procedure allows BSC to
instruct BTS to change the fill-in information (system
message) on a specific SACCH.

Channel activation
Figure 25 shows the successful channel activation procedure.
FI GURE 25 SUCCESSFUL CHANNEL ACTI VATI ON

MS LapDm FURRM
HPIMan LapD BSC OAMM
(CHAN ACTIV)
MPH_RRCmdTo
CHP (CHP
CHAN ACTIV)
(CHAN ACTIV
ACK)
DL_DATA_REQ (CHAN ACTIV
ACK)
MPH_CHPIndToRR
(CHP CHAN ACTIV
RESPONSE (ACK)
DL_DATA_IND (CHAN ACTIV)
Dm_PH_CONN_IND
(if chanactivated)
MS

Figure 26 shows the unsuccessful channel activation
Channel
Establishment



FI GURE 26 UNSUCCESSFUL CHANNEL ACTI VATI ON

MS LapDm FURRM
HPIMan
LapD BSC OAMM
(CHAN ACTIV)
MPH_RRCmdTo
CHP (CHP
CHAN ACTIV)
(CHAN ACTIV
NACK)
DL_DATA_REQ (CHAN
ACTIV NACK)
MPH_CHPIndToRR(CHP
CHAN ACTIV RESP
(NACK))
DL_DATA_IND (CHAN ACTIV)

i. TRX detects MS random access request on RACCH, and
activates a channel for MS.
ii. BSC decides the channel to use, and sends the CHAN
ACTIV message to the TRX to enable that channel. This
message contains the following:
Activation reason (immediate assignment, allocation,
asynchronous/synchronous or additional allocation).
Channel ID.
Complete channel description (full/half rate, voice/data,
code/rate adaptation, frequency-hopping sequence, key,
and so on). If there is encrypted information, BSC uses
the encryption activation mode.
iii. When FURRM module receives the CHAN ACTIV message,
it sends related information (activation reason, and so on)
to Channel Processor (CHP) using HPIMan module, for
processing. It reports the results to BSC when the
response arrives.
iv. On activation of the channel, TRX responds with the
CHAN ACTIV ACK message, which contains the number of
the current frame. BSC uses this frame number to decide
the Starting Time parameter in the immediate
assignment message that it sends to MS.
v. If TRX can not activate the channel, it returns CHAN
ACTIV NACK message that contains the failure cause.
There may be different possible causes:
O&M interference (for example, channel blocked)
Resource unavailability (for example, without voice
encoder)

Equipment error
Channel activated
Figure 27 shows the handover procedure
FI GURE 27 HANDOVER

MS LapDm FURRM
HPIMan
LapD
BSC OAMM
(PHY INFO)
Dm_DL_DATA_I
ND (HANDO
COM)
(HANDO DET)
DL_DATA_REQ (DATA
IND (HANDO COM))
DL_DATA_IND (DATA REQ
(RR HANDO CMD))
Dm_DL_DATA_
REQ ( HANDO
CMD)
(DATA REQ (RR
HANDO CMD))
( HANDO
CMD)
Dm_DL_RANDO
M ACCESS_IND
(HANDO
ACCESS)
DL_DATA_REQ (HANDO DET)
Dm_DL_UNIT
DATA_REQ
(PHY INFO)
T3105
(HANDO
COM)
(DATA IND
(HANDO COM))
Repeat
Ny1 times
DL_DATA_REQ (CONN FAIL IND)
(CONN FAIL IND)
T3105, Ny1
(end)
CHP RET NORM
ACTIV
Dm_DL_EST_IND
(correct L2 frame)
DL_DATA_REQ (EST IND)
(EST IND)
remark

The handover enables MS to move in the dedicated mode into
another channel of another cell.
When BSC receives HANDO RQ message from MSC, it enables
the new channel activation procedure. The CHAN ACTIV
message send to TRX contains Handover Reference which it uses
to detect Hnadover access message from MS.
After the activation of handover channel, FURRM uses the CHP
RET NORM ACTIV message to notify CHP to resume the normal
mode.
FURRM should save the Handover Reference in CHAN ATIV
message, to compare it with the Handover Reference in the
Handover Access message that LapDm sent.

Handover



The (RR) HANDOVER COMMAND message is sent on the active
DCCH. This transparent message contains the information about
new channel:
New channel characteristics
Power command
Physical channel establish procedure indication
Handover reference
Time lead (optional)
Encryption mode setting (optional)
It also controls the connection of MS if it is required to connect
in synchronous activation mode.
In synchronous handover, when MS is to connect on the
allocated channel, it sends four (RR) HANDOVER ACESS
messages on active SCCH in one access burst. This message
contains the handover reference-information unit. BTS
immediately start sending these messages on the active channel
in specified mode with the encryption, if required.
BTS start sending on SACCH, using MS power or MS power with
time advance.
When BTS receives one access burst with correct handover
reference or one correct decoding frame, it starts the normal
receiving procedure on the active channel and SACCH. It also
starts the handover detection procedure that is sent to BSC. The
measured access burst delay is contained in the HANDO DET
message.
In asynchronous handover, when MS is connected to the
allocated channel, the first half procedure is the same as in
synchronous handover as explained above. After sending
HANDO DET message, BTS sends the (RR) PHY INFO message to
MS in non-acknowledgement mode on the active signaling
channel. At the same time, it starts time T3105. If T3105
expires before receiving a correct decoding frame, BTS resends
the message. If no correct decoding frame is received after
sending the message for Ny1 times, BTS sends CONNECTION
FAILURE message to BSC, with the reason Handover access
failed. On reception of this message, BSC disconnects the new
channel. At this stage, the RR session-release procedure begins:
Channel release and link release.
In pseudo-synchronous cell, the procedure is same as that in
synchronous cell. When the connection establishes, the MS
returns transparent (RR) HANDOVER COMPLETE message on the
active DCCH. If the connection fails, the MS returns HANDOVER
FAILURE message. On receiving the message, network side
disconnects the new channel and starts the RR session release
procedure.

The parameters T3105 and sent by Operational And Maintenance
Module (OAMM) to the FURRM during the system initialization.
Similar to the link establishment procedure, when a TCH channel
is the service mode is set up, it waits for a synchronous
message.
Mode change
Figure 28 shows successful mode change
FI GURE 28 SUCCESS OF MODE CHANGE

MS LapDm FURRM
HPIMan
LapD
BSC OAMM
(MODE MODIFY)
DL_DATA_IND(MODE MODIFY)
MPH_RRCmdToCHP
(CHP MODE
MODIFY)
MPH_CHPIndToRR
(CHP MODE
MODIFY RESP)
DL_DATA_REQ(MODE
MODIFY ACK)
DATA REQ(CHAN
MODE MODIFY)
DL_DATA_IND(DATA REQ
(CHANMODE MODIFY))
Dm_DL_
DATA_REQ
(CHANMODE
MODIFY)
(CHAN
MODE
MODIFY)
DL_DATA_REQ(DATA REQ
(CHANMODE MODIFY ACK))
DL_ DATA_IND
(CHANMODE
MODIFY ACK)
DATA REQ(CHAN
MODE MODIFY
ACK)
Set Timer
MPH_CHPIndToRR
(CHP
SYNCHRONIZED)
DL_DATA_REQ(CONNFAIL IND)
kill Timer
(CONNFAIL IND)

Figure 29 shows the mode change failure.
Channel Mode
Change



FI GURE 29 FAI L URE OF MODE CHANGE

(MODE MODIFY)
DL_DATA_IND (MODE MODIFY)
MPH_RRCmdToCHP
(CHP MODE
MODIFY)
MPH_CHPIndToRR
(CHP MODE
MODIFY RESP)
DL_DATA_REQ (MODE
MODIFY NACK)

BSC requests to change the channel mode of an activated
channel.
BSC sends a MODE MODIFY message to BTS to trigger
reconfiguration of BTS. When BTS receives the message, it
moidfies the encoding and decoding algorithms (CHP module
imlements this operation), and modifies the in-band mode of
BTS-TRAU frame. After it changes into the new mode, the
BTS returns a MODE MODIFY ACK message. If the TRX
cannot change the mode for some reasons, it returns a
MODE MODIFY NACK message.
If the response message indicates the successful mode
change and TCH channel changes into service mode,FURRM
starts the timer to wait for the CHP SYNCHRONIZED
message for the synchroziation between CHP and TC. If it
cannot recongize the message, it sends the CONN FAIL IND
message to BSC after the timer expires.
At the same time, BSC sends (RR) CHANNEL MODE MODIFY
message that contains the new mode to use to trigger the
reconfiguration of MS. To this message, MS responds with
(RR) CHANNEL MODE MODIFY ACKNOWLEDGE message to
BSC through BTS. If the MS does not support the channel to
be modified, it keeps its original mode. In this case it place
related information in the CHANNEL MODE MODIFY
ACKNOWLEDGE message. These two are transparent
message.


Connection Allocation
Figure 30 shows connection allocation procedure
FI GURE 30 CONNECTI ON AL L OCATI ON

DATA REQ
(ASSIGN CMD)
DL_DATA_IND (DATA REQ
(ASSIGN CMD))
Dm_DL_DATA_R
EQ (ASSIGN
CMD)
(ASSIGN
CMD)
O
l
d

c
h
a
n
n
e
l
DATA IND
(ASSIGN FAIL)
DL_DATA_REQ (DATA IND
(ASSIGN FAIL))
Dm_DL_DATA_IN
D (ASSIGN FAIL)
(ASSIGN
FAIL)
DATA IND
(ASSIGN COMP)
DL_DATA_REQ (DATA IND
(ASSIGN COMP))
Dm_DL_DATA_IN
D (ASSIGN
COMP)
(ASSIGN
COMP)
O
l
d

c
h
a
n
n
e
l
N
e
w

c
h
a
n
n
e
l

Wireless link changes in the same cell. BSC commands BTS
activation through a simple request/acknowledgment
procedure (see the CHAN ACTIV and CHAN ACTIV ACK of the
access procedure).Once BTS activates,the BSC commands
the MS to perform channel change through (RR)
ASSIGNMENT COMMAND message. When MS changes its
settings according to the new information, and establises a
new signaling link, the MS sends (RR) ASSIGNMENT
COMPLETE message to the BSC. If MS cannot implement the
conection allocation for some reasons, it sends the (RR)
ASSIGNMENT FAILURE message on the original channel.
FURRM transfers transparently the (RR) ASSIGNMENT
COMMAND, (RR) ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE and (RR)
ASSIGNMENT FAILURE messages.
Figure 31 shows encryption procedure
To set an encryption mode for the network means two things:
Specifying whether the transmission needs to be encrypted
Which algorithm should be used

Encryption



FI GURE 31 ENCRYPTI ON

(ENCR CMD)
DL_DATA_IND (ENCR CMD)
MPH_RRCmdToCHP
(CHP START
DECRYPTION)
MPH_CHPIndToRR
(CHP CRYPTION
RESP (ACK))
Dm_DL_DATA_
REQ (CIPH
MODE CMD)
(CIPH MODE
CMD)
DL_DATA_REQ (DATA REQ
(CIPH MODE COM))
Dm_DL_DATA_
IND (CIPH
MODE COM)
DATA REQ (CIPH
MODE COM)
(CIPH MODE
COM)
MPH_RRCmdToCHP
(CHP START
ENCRYPTION)

BSC initiates this procedure after receiving the CIPHER MODE
COMMAND message from the MSC. The ENCR CMD message
that BSC sends to the TRX and related channel contains all
information regarding following:
Selection
Loading user data
Encryption equipment
Complete (RR) CIPH MODE CMD message that is sent to MS
When BTS receives ENCR CMD, TRX sends (RR) CIPH MODE
CMD to the MS in the non-encryption mode. At the same time it
begins the decryption at the same time (the CHP implements
this operation). The BTS, in fact here, sends configurations in old
mode, and receives configurations in new mode.
Upon receiveing the (RR) CHIPH MODE CMD, MS sets to the new
mode, and sends (RR) CIPH MOD COM to BTS. Whenever BTS
receives a correct decoded message (in new mode), it indicates
that MS has been correctly changed into the new mode. Only
after that, BTS changes into the new mode, and start sending in
new mode (the CHP implement this operation).
If the TRX cannot implement encryption according to the ENCR
CMD requirement for some reasons, the CHP sends the CHP
CYPTION RESPONSE (NACK) message to FURRM. FURRM returns
an ERROR REPORT message, with the cause, for example
Encryption algorithm cannot be executed.
If the (RR) CIPH MODE CMD message is unrecognized or wrong,
the MS returns (RR) RR STATUS message with the cause
protocol error unspecified and performs no operation after that.

SACCH deactivation
Figure 32 shows SACCH deactivation procedure
FI GURE 32 SACCH DEACTI VAI TON

BSC OAMM
Dm_DL_DATA_
REQ
(CHANREL)
DL_DATA_IND(DATA
REQ(CHANREL))
DATA REQ
(CHANREL) (CHANREL)
(DEACT SACCH)
DL_DATA_IND(DEACT SACCH)
MPH_RRCmdTo
CHP (CHP
DEACT SACCH)

BSC releases SACCH in BTS according to the (RR) CHANNEL
RELEASE proceures. It sends DEACT SACCH message to the
BTS to stop transmitting downlink SACCH frames.
FURRM module sends the DEACT SACCH message to CHP for
processing.
Radio channel release
Figure 33 shows the radio channel release procedure
When an activated radio channel not in use any longer, BSC
sends RF channel release message (RF CHAN REL) to the
related TRX and channel. The CHP module processes the
channel release. On release of the related resources, BTS
returns RF channel release acknowledgment message (RF
CHAN REL ACK) to BSC. If CHP cannot release the channel
successful, FURRM sends the ERROR REPORT message to
BSC.

Channel Release



FI GURE 33 RADI O CHANNEL REL EASE

(RF CHANREL)
DL_DATA_IND(RF CHANREL)
MPH_RRCmdTo
CHP(CHPRF
CHANREL)
MPH_CHPIndToRR
(CHPRF CHAN
REL ACK)
DL_DATA_REQ
(RF CHANREL ACK)
(RF CHAN
REL ACK)

Measurement report:
BSC processes MS and BTS measurement results and use these
relutls for power control transmission and handover preparation.
MS measurement results in the (RR) MEAS REP message, which
it reports once very SACCH block (480 ms). If other signaling is
using the SACCH, BSC reports once every two SACCH blocks
(960 ms). TRX measures the level and quality of the received
signals in the current uplink channel. The average time is the
period of one SACCH block. The (RR) MEAS REP message that
MS sends to BTS contains the measurement results for the
dedicated channel and adjacent cells.
BSC transmits BTS and MS measurement-results on the Abis
interface. Refer Basic measurement report for details. In
addition, BTS and BSC also support pre-processing for these
basic measurement data in BTS, to reduce the signaling load on
Abis interface. Refer Measurement report pre-processing for
details.
Figure 34 shows basic measurement report procedure.
FI GURE 34 BASI C MEASUREMENT REPORT

Dm_DL_UNIT
DATA_REQ
(MEASREP)
(MEASREP)
DL_DATA_REQ(MEASRES)
(MEASRES)
MPH_CHPIndToRR
(CHP MEASIND)
MPH_RRCmdToCHP
(CHP SET TA)

SACCH Procedure

The FURRM receives CHP measuremet report before MS
measurement report. As a result, when FURRM triggers group
sending of Abis MEAS RESUT according to the CHP measurement
report, the problem of timing adjustment arises.
The BTS sends the basic wireless measurement resutls (GSM
05.08 and GSM 05.05) to BSC that MS and TRX generate.
This is default procedure, unless another plan (pre-processing as
described below) is used.
The TRX places these results in the MEAS RES message and
reports to BSC. The sending of this message is synchronous with
the receiving of SACCH block from the MS. If this uplink SACCH
block does not contain the MS measurement report, (for
example, in case of short messages), the MEAS RES, that BTS
sends, indicates this.
Figure 35 shows the measurement report pre-processing
procedure.
FI GURE 35 MEASUREMENT REPORT PRE- PROCESSI NG PROCEDURE

MS LapDm FURRM
HPIMan
LapD
BSC OAMM
Dm_DL_UNIT
DATA_REQ
(MEASREP)
(MEASREP)
DL_DATA_REQ(PREPROC
MEASRES)
(PREPROC
MEASRES)
MPH_CHPIndToRR
(CHP MEASIND)
(CHP SET TA)

BTS pre-processes the MS measurement report, and sends it
together with the BTS measurement result to BSC, through the
PREPROC MEAS RES messsage.
Power control
Power control is of two types
MS power control
BS power control

MS power control:
Figure 36 shows MS power control procedure.



FI GURE 36 MS POWER CONTROL

(MS POWER
CONTROL)
DL_DATA_IND (MS
POWER CONTROL)
MPH_RRCmdToCHP
(CHP SET MS
POWER)

BSC sets the MS power control parameters according to the TRX
requirement.
BSC sets the initial parameters in the CHAN ACTIV message. If
these parameters are to be changed, the BSC sends the MS
POWER CONTROL message to the TRX.
The parameters in the MS POWER CONTROL and CHAN ACTIV
message indicate the optional BTS power control. According to
the message requirement, TRX tries to control the power control
parameter within certain range by changing frame header of the
power level L.The CHP module implements this operation.
When BTS performs MS power control, BSC can change the MS
power parameter during the connection (for example change by
levels).
MS POWER CONTROL and CHAN ATIV messages must contain
MS-allowed maximum power value.
BS power control:
Figure 37 shows the BS power control procedure.
FI GURE 37 BS POWER CONTROL

MS LapDm FURRM
HPIMan
LapD
BSC OAMM
(BSPOWER
CONTROL)
DL_DATA_IND(BS
POWER CONTROL)
MPH_RRCmdTo
CHP(CHP SET
BSPOWER)
This optional procedure allows BSC to set the TRX transmission
power level or the parameter that TRX uses to control TRX
transmission power.
BSC sets the initial parameters in the CHAN ACTIV message. If
these parameters are to be changed, the BSC sends the BS
POWER CONTROL message to the TRX.

The parameters in the BS POWER CONTROL and CHAN ACTIV
message indicate the optional BTS power control. According to
the message requirement, TRX tries to control the power control
parameter within a certain range, by changing the transmission
power. The CHP module implements this operation.
The network design specifications determine the manximum
power of TRX. However, BSC can specify a smaller maximum
power value in the BS POWER CONTROL and CHAN ACTIV
messages.
Physical environmet request/acknowledgment.
Figure 38 shows the physical environment
request/acknowledgment procedure.
FI GURE 38 PHYSI CAL ENVI RONMENT REQUEST/ ACK NOWL EDGMENT

MS LapDm FURRM
HPIMan
LapD
BSC OAMM
DL_ DATA_IND(PHYS
CONTEXT REQ)
(PHYS
CON-TEXT
REQ)
DL_DATA_REQ(PHYS
CONTEXT CONF)
(PHYS
CON-TEXT
CONF)

This optional procedure enables BSC to obtain physical
environment information before the channel change.
It may send physical environment information to a new TRX
( which may be in another cell).
BTS return the PHY CONTEXT CONF message to BSC containing
the MS/BS power and TA that are obtained from the channel.
BTS does not process the physical enivronment information
temporarily.
SACCH fill-in information change:
Figure 39 shows the procedure of modifying the SACCH fill-in
information
FI GURE 39 SACCH FI L L - I N I NFORMATI ON CHANGE

DL_ DATA_IND(PHYS
CONTEXT REQ)
(PHYS
CON-TEXT
REQ)
DL_DATA_REQ(PHYS
CONTEXT CONF)
(PHYS
CON-TEXT
CONF)



BSC instructs BTS that the new system message ((RR) System
Information Type 5/5bis/5ter/6) changes the original system
message that the SACCH contains.
BSC sends the SACCH fill-in information in the SACCH INFO
MODIFY messsage in the specified channel. It continues to send
information in the same channel until th channel is released or
changed by another SACCH INFO MODIFY message.
When BTS receives the SACCH INFO MODIFY message, it
extracts the system message ((RR) System Information Type
5/5bis/5ter/6). It then sends it to the CHP module to change the
original system information. If there is no system message
content, it indicates that such system messages are no longer
being sent on this channel.

Common Channel Management Function
Common channel management function supports following
procedures:
MS channel request procedure triggers when the TRX detects
the random access of MS.
Paging procedure is used by mobile called party. It pa pages
MS on the specified panging sub-channel. It is started by
MSC through BSC. BSC determines the paging team
according to IMSI of the MS called. The value of the paging
team and the MS IMSI are sent to BTS
Immediate assignment procedure the BSC assigns
immediately a dedicated channel to MS that accesses BTS
Indication deletion procedure allows BTS to give BSC an
indication that an immediate assignment message is deleted
due to the overload on AGCH channel.
CCCH load indication procedure allows BTS to give BSC an
indication about the load on the specified CCCH channel.
Broadcast information change procedure allows BSC to
instruct BTS to broadcast new system messages on the
BCCH channel.
Short message cell broadcast procedure allows BSC to
request BTS to send a cell broadcast short message.
Figure 40 shows access request procedure

Access Request


FI GURE 40- ACCESS REQUEST PROCEDURE

(CHAN RQD)
Dm_DL_RANDO
M ACCESS_IND
(CHAN REQ)
DL_DATA_REQ (CHAN RQD)

When TRX receives MS random access request, it sends the
channel request message to BSC.
CHAN RQD message contains the Request Reference parameter
(MS-selected random number) and access burst pulse sequence
measurement report.
Figure 41 shows immediate assignment procedure
FI GURE 41 I MMEDI ATE ASSI GNMENT PROCEDURE

MS LapDm FURRM PAGCHM LapD BSC OAMM
(RR) immass
PAG_ DATA_REQ
(PAG IMM ASS)
(IMM ASS CMD)
DL_DATA_IND (IMM ASS CMD)

Immediate assignment message is transmitted in downlink
CCCH (AGCH) channel.
Immediate assignment message from the network side can be
amongst the following:
(RR) IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT
(RR) IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT EXTENDED
(RR) IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT REJECT
On Abis interface, it is contained in IMM ASS CMD message,
which contains complete immediate assignment message and
where the paging mode unit is set as unchanged. On receiving
this message, FURRM sends it to PAGCHMan sub-module of
PAGCHM module. It places the message in the buffer. When the
trigger is received from the messages in the waiting queue into
the (RR) IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT EXTENDED or (RR)
Immediate
Assignment



IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT REJECT message and sends to the
CHP. Before sending, BTS changes the paging mode.
If BSC cannot assign channel, it sends (RR) IMMEDIATE
ASSIGNMENT REJECT on the same CCCH time slot of the same
channel on which it received.
If the downlink CCCH is overloaded, FURRM sends the DELETE
IND message to BSC, notifying that it has deleted IMM ASS CMD
command.
Figure 42 shows paging procedure
FI GURE 42 PAGI NG PROCEDURE

DL_DATA_IND (PAG CMD)
(PAG CMD)
PAG REQ) TYPE 1/2/3
PAGING
PAG_DATA_REQ
(PAG PAG CMD)

Figure 43 shows paging response procedure
FI GURE 43 PAGI NG RESPONSE PROCEDURE

Dm_DL_EST_IND
(RR PAG RES)
DL_DATA_REQ (EST IND)
(EST IND)
(SABM)
(PAG RES)

Page an MS in the specified paging sub-channel.
The PAG CMD message contains MS ID (TMSI or IMSI) and
paging sub-channel number, or additional call-related channel
combination indicated to the MS and used for follow-up
processing.
PAGCHMan sub-module of the PAGCHM module buffers (RR)
PAGing REQuest type /3 messages. The PAGCHDaemon sub-
module combines, sends and calculates the correct DRX (paging
message arrangement) paging block for the correct transmission.
Paging

When MS receives the (RR) Paging REQuest message and is
allowed to access the network, it triggers the immediate
assignment procedure. SABM triggers the establishment of the
main signaling link. The SABMs information field contains the
(RR) PAGing RESponse message.

Short message cell broadcast procedure is as show in Figure 44
and Figure 45
FI GURE 44 SHORT MESSAGE CEL L BROADCAST REQUEST PROCEDURE

DL_ DATA_IND (SMS
BROADCAST REQ)
(SMS
BROAD-CAST
REQ)
CBCH block n
MPH_CBCHMsg
ToCHP

FI GURE 45 SHORT MESSAGE CEL L BROADCAST COMMAND PROCEDURE

DL_ DATA_IND (SMS
BROADCAST CMD)
(SMS BROAD-CAST
CMD)
MPH_CBCHMsg
BlkToCHP
CBCH page

BSC sends the Short Message Service Cell Broadcast message to
BTS. BSC sends these message to BTS with the SMS
BROADCAST REQ or SMS BROADCAST CMD message. In these
two messages, BSC considers the CBCH capacity and then queue,
repeats and transmits the messages. The BSC also splits the
SMS Cell Broadcast message on the air interface. The difference
between the two messages is the SMS BROADCAST CMD
message request for the complete cell broadcast message (sent
n every message by pages) and the BTS splits it into blocks.
BSC splits the SMS BROADCAST REQ message, 23 bytes per
block.
With the SMS BROADCAST CMD message, the BSC can set BTS
broadcast to the default mode.When there are not other
messages to broadcast in this mode the BTS sends a default
message.

Short Message
Cell Broadcast



Broadcast information 1 change procedure is show in Figure 46
FI GURE 46 BROADCAST I NFORMATI ON 1 CHANGE PROCEDURE

MS LapDm FURRM HPIMan LapD BSC PAGCH
DL_ DATA_IND (BCCH INFO) (BCCH INFO)
MPH_
RRCmdToCHP (CHP
SET/STOP BCCH
INFO)
(CHP SET CCCH
Para.)
(SYS INFOTYPE
1/2/2bis/2ter/3/4/7/8)
(PAG SET CCCH Para.)

The BSC indicates BTS about the new system message (like (RR)
System Information Type /2bis/2ter /7/8) will be
broadcasted on the BCCH.
When BTS receives BCCH INFO message, FURRM module sends
CHIP SET BCCH INFORMATION message to CHP. If there is any
system message, CHP sends CHP STOP BCCH INFORMATION
message to CHP, indicating to stop sending these system
message to MS.
For the easy observation system message sending, TRU panel of
BTS has a signal indicator marked as MOD.
Following are the different types of system information and their
contents:
System Information Type 1 contains RACH control
parameters and cell configuration.
System Information Type 2 contains RACH control
parameters and BCCH cnfiguration of a adjacent cell.
System Information Type 2bis and System Information Type
2ter are optional messages.They contain BCCH extenstion
configuration of an adjacent cell.
System information type 3 contains information of other cell,
such as identifier of a location are and cell identity.
System Information Type 4 contains information of control
over RACH, identifier of a location are and cell identity.
System Information Type 7 and System Information Type 8
contain parameters of cell reselection.
FURRM extracts three parameters (BS_PA_MFRMS,
BS_AG_BLKS_RES and CCH_CONF) from the Control Channel
Description Information unit of the System Information Type 3
Broadcast
Information 1
change
Procedure

message.It sends these parameters to CHP and PAGCHM
modules.
Figure 47 shows broadcast information 2 (SACCH FILL) change
procedure.
FI GURE 47 BROADCAST I NFORMATI ON 2 ( SACCH FI L L ) CHANGE

MS LapDm FURRM
HPIMan
LapD
BSC OAMM
DL_ DATA_IND(SACCHFILL)
(SACCHFILL)
MPH_
RRCmdToCHP(CHP
SET/STOPSACCH
FILL )
(SYSINFOTYPE 5/6/5bis)

BSC indicates BTS that the new system information ((RR)
System Information Type 5/6/5bis/5ter) will be sent in the
downlink SACCH as fill-in information, generally when channel
connection starts (especially after a handover) and the channel
changes.
When FURRM receives SACCH FILL message, it extracts the
information unit and sends it to CHP module for the system
message transmission. If it does not receive the message, it
indicates to stop system message sending.
The System Information Type 5 contains the adjacent cell BCCH
frequency table. The System Information Type 5bis and System
Information Type 5ter contain adjacent cell BCCH extended
configuration information. The System Information Type 6
contains the location area ID and cell ID.
When the fill-in information uploaded in the SACCH needs to be
changed, the BSC sends a SACCH INFO MODIFY message to BTS.
SACCH fill-in information in this message transmits in the
specified channel, until the channel is released or changed by
another SACCH INFO MODIFY message.
TRX Management Function
This function supports the following procedures:
Radio resource indication procedure: With this procedure, the
BTS gives BSC an indication of interference level on the idle
dedicated channel of each TRX.
Traffic control procedure: With this procedure, the FUC gives
BSC an indication about the overload of this TRX. The
overload cause may be CCCH overload, ACCH overload or
processor overload.
Broadcast
Information 2 (SACCH
FILL) Change
Procedure



Error report procedure: With this procedure, the BTS reports
BSC about the detected downlink message error that cannot
be reported with other procedures.
Figure 48 shows radio resource indication procedure.
FI GURE 48 RADI O RESOURCE I NDI CATI ON

BSC OAMM
DL_ DATA_REQ(RF RESIND)
MPH_CHPIndToRR
(CHPMEASIND)
(RF RESIND)
Periodvalue

Radio resource indication notifies BSC about the interference
level of the idle channel of one TRX.
CHP provides the interference level value of the idle channel. It
reports it in the CHP MEASUREMENT INDICATION message, just
like the measurement report. This message is reported once
every 102 frames (51 multiframes) or 104 frames (26
multiframes).
Load Indication
Figure 49 shows load indication procedure on public channel.
FI GURE 49 L OAD I NDI CATI ON PROCEDURE ON PUB L I C CHANNEL

MS PAGCHM FURRM HPIMan LapD BSC OAMM
DL_ DATA_REQ (CCCH LOAD IND)
MPH_CHPIndTo
RR (CHP RACH
LOAD IND
(CCCH LOAD IND)
PAG_DATA_IND
(PAG PCH LOAD
IND
DL_ DATA_REQ (CCCH LOAD IND) (CCCH LOAD IND)
Periodvalue& threshold

BTS gives load information to BSC in a specific CCCH time
slot, involving RACH and PCH loads.
The CHP calculates the exact load on the RACH. The PAGCHM
calculates the load on the PCH. The thresholds and sending
period are configured in the OAMM.
Radio Resource
Indication
Load
Management

General overload
The BTS instructs BSC that the receiver must reduce the
traffic. According to the protocol, it indicates the TRX
overload, downlink CCCH overload and Associated Control
Channel (ACCH) overload.
The TRX processor provides data from the bottom running
operating system.The downlink CCH load calculation is same
as the above-mentioned CCCH LOAD IND.The CHP provides
the RACH load, and the PAGCHM provides the PCH load.The
ACCH load calculation is not determined.
According to the negotiation with the BSC, the current
general overload (OVER LOAD) is only used to report the
RACH load that is provided by the CHP.
Error indication procedure is as shown in Figure 50
FI GURE 50 ERROR I NI DI CATI ON PROCEDURE

Dm_MDL_ERR
OR_IND
DL_DATA_REQ (ERROR IND)
(ERROR IND)

ERROR IND message that BTS send to BSC indicates that the
following abnormalities happen in the radio data link layer.
ERROR IND message contains the related error cause
information, including the following causes:
Protocol errors, as listed in sections 5.6.4, 5.7.3 and
Appendix G in TS GSM 04.06.
Error with one link layer. In other words, the I-frame is
repeated for N200 time but is not acknowledged.
SABM or DISC frame is repeated for B200 times but is not
acknowledged.
SABM frame received in the multiframe establishment status.
Figure 51 shows connection failure procedure
CONN FAIL IND message that BTS sends to BSC indicates that
one activated channel cannot be used more for some reason.
When BSC receive this message, the network side releases the
channel. The message contains the cause parameter, including
the following causes:
Radio link fault (Section 5 in GSM 05.08). The BTS judges
whether there is any fault according to the uplink SACCH
error rate or RXLEV/RXQUAL test.
Error
Indication
Connection
Failure



Hardware error (for example, decoder fault).
Others
CHP module reports the error to FURM. In addition, in case of
failed handover or miss-synchronization between CHP and TC,
the FURRM also sends this message to BSC.
FI GURE 51 CONNECTI ON FAI L URE PROCEDURE

MS LapDm FURRM
HPIMan
LapD
BSC OAMM
MPH_CHPIndToRR
(CHPCONNFAIL
IND)
(CONNFAIL IND)
DL_DATA_REQ(CONNFAIL IND)

BTS sends ERROR REPORT message to BSC, notifying the errors
that connot be reported with other procedures.
When BTS receives an error message, it ignores the message
and reports BSC. Here,the ERROR REPORT is the message
involving all error causes other than the CHAN ACTIV NACK for
channel activation and the MODE MODIFY NACK for channel
mode modification.
The error causes includes the following:
Message ID error
Message type error
Message sequence error
Information unit error
Channel status mismatch
Operation and Maintenance
BTS provides powerful O&M functions to implement
management and manitenance of BTS equipment. The functions
fall into three parts:
Parameter configuration
Alarm and status reporting
Online software loading

Error Report


Parameter configuration procedure is as shown in Figure 52 .
FI GURE 52 PARAMETER CONFI GURATI ON PROCEDURE
CM M software
FUC software
CHP software CI P software

CMM board receives messages from BSC through Base station
Interface Equipment (BIE) using LapD and forward these
messages to the application process. CMM configuration process
processes the configuration messages and implements the BTS
static data configuration. It distributes the BSC parameters and
configures the data through HDLC to the ETRM board FUC
software that CMM manages. After receiving the configuration
message from the CMM software, the FUC software configures
the board attributes. At the same time, it notifies CMM software
with the successful configuration message, and configures the
CHP and CIP.
BTS supports reporting the alarms and statuses to BSC.
Figure 53 shows the alarm reporting process.
FI GURE 53 AL ARM REPORTI NG PROCEDURE
BSC
CMM software
FUC software
CHP software
CIP software
Fan/AEM/PA/Alarm
Dry contact
alarm

CIP software collects its own alarm as well as Fan, AEM and PA
alarms, and then reports these alarms to FUC software. CHP
software also reports its own alarms to FUC software. FUC
Parameter
configuration
Alarm and
Status
Reporting



software reports the collected alarms and its own alarms to the
CMM software. CMM software collects the alarms of the
backbone nodes, which reports all alarms of this site to BSC
through LapD. It also implements some relevant alarm
processing such as power amplification shutdown.
Online software loading supports BTS software online loading by
BSC.
Figure 54 shows software loading procedure
FI GURE 54 SOFTWARE L OADI NG PROCEDURE

CMM software
FUC software
CHP software CIP software

All software versions are downloaded into the CMMs FLASH
memory from BSC. CMM validates the versions, and loads the
software in FUC when it finds any difference with the TRM
software.
TRM software is stored in the FLASH memory on the FUC board.
After Digital Signal Processor (DSP) is restarted, the FUC
software loads the CHP software to the CHP and CIP through the
HPI interface.
The software loading procedure is described as follows:
1. CMM sends the software loading initialization message to
FUC.
2. FUC returns the software loading initialization finished
message to CMM.
3. CMM divides the software versions into message segments
and sends FUC segment by segment.
4. When all software data are sent, the CMM send the software
loading finished message to FUC.
5. FUC returns the software loading finished acknowledgement
message to CMM.
Online
Software
Loading

Ch a p t e r 5
Networking and System
Configuration

This chapter introduces networking modes, system configuration,
and networking examples of ZXG10-BS30 (v1.5).
Networking Modes
ZXG10-BS30 supports multiple transmission modes such as
through E1, SDH optical transmission, microwave, HDSL and
satellite.
E1 networking and SDH networking modes are commonly used
networking modes:
E1 Networking
Based on the site unit, BS30 in E1 networking mode supports
star and chain networking. These networking modes are
implemented by different connections on the Abis interface in
CMM. O&M control board provides two pairs of E1 interfaces, one
pair for connecting with the upper-layer network and another
pair for inter-site connections.
Figure 55 shows the ZXG10-BS30 star networking.
Star networking is applicable to general cases. In this mode, E1
link directly connects to BSC at each site and BTS equipment at
each sit is the end equipment. Star networking mode is simple,
easy to expand, maintain and operate. It has very few sections
for the signal to pass and is highly reliable. Disadvantage of this
is it demand a lot of transmission link.

Star Networking
Mode



FI GURE 55 ZXG10- BS30 STAR NETWORK I NG
B
S
C
SITE0
SITE1
SITEn
.
.
.

Figure 56 shows ZXG10-BS30 chain networking
FI GURE 56 - ZXG10- BS30 CHAI N NETWORK I NG
SITE0
BSC SITE1 SITE2

In chain networking, signals pass many sections, so the line
reliability is poor. This networking mode is applicable to the
strap area with a low subscriber density, such as along the
highway or railway. Chain networking mode saves a lot of
transmission equipment. To prevent the clock performance
deterioration, it is recommended no more than four BS30 be
cascaded in the chain networking mode.
SDH Networking
In the optical fiber transmission, the SDH backbone network is
unable to cover every site, so it is necessary to construct an
SDH subnet at each site.
BS30 supports the built-in transmission. BS30 rack can
accommodate ZTE T150 optical transmission module to
implement the SDH networking at each site.
T150 is a kind of compact SDH transmission equipment. It can
be sued to form a ring or chain network topology according to
actual distribution of the sites.
Figure 57 shows ZXG10-BS30 SDH ring networking
Ring network features a powerful self-healing capability. When
the optical fiber is damaged somewhere, the ring network can
self-heal to form a chain network, without interrupting the
normal services. Ring network is recommended as long as
routers permit.

Chain Networking
Mode
Ring Networking

FI GURE 57 SDH RI NG NETWORK I NG
T150
CMM
T150 CMM
T150
CMM
SDH
transmission
equipment
BSC
E1
E1 E1
E1
Optical
fiber
Optical
fiber
Optical
fiber
Optical
fiber
SITE0
SITE2
SITE1

Figure 58 shows ZXG10-BS30 chain networking

FI GURE 58 SDH CHAI N NETWORK
T150
CMM
SDH
transmission
equipment
BSC
E1
E1
SITE1
T150
CMM
E1
SITE0
Optical
fiber
Optical
fiber
T150
CMM
E1
SITE2
Optical
fiber

Chain networking mode is applicable to the strap area with a low
subscriber density, such as along the highway or railway. If the
spacing between two sites is not far apart and maximum
distance between three sites is less than 80 km, and the optical
fibers are sufficient, ring networking is recommended instead of
a chain networking.
System Configuration
There are many ways to configure BTS. In general, proper
number and types of sites are selected to cater the requirement
of the operators as well as the concrete geographical
environment. The configuration should use the minimum
hardware to meet the maximum traffic requirement.

Chain Networking



Number and Type of Sites
Based on the frequency resources and cell planning, a wireless
cellular mobile network is divided into multiple cells. Cells in a
cellular system adjoin one another, as shown in Figure 59
FI GURE 59 CEL L UL AR CEL L S SCHEMATI C DI AGRAM
C el l 1
C el l 3
C el l 4
C el l 2
C el l 5
C el l 6
C el l 7
C el l 9
C el l 8
A
B

Each cellular cell is covered by multiple radio channels in the
system. If an omni-antenna is used, a base station will be at the
center of each cell (as A in the diagram). If a directional
sectorized antenna is used, the base station will be at the
intersection of three cells (as B in the diagram). Such a base
station covers three adjacent cells, which is it contains at least
three TRXs. Usually, a base station in this kind of network is
called a site. The base site with an omni-antenna covers only
one cell, while the base site with a directional antenna covers
three cells.
There are two types of sites:
O-type site is an omni-directional cell that is all the carriers of
the site serve the O-type cell.
S-type site refers to a sectored cell. For typical operations,
three-sector site is preferred, that is, each site has three sectors.
Figure 60 shows the two models.
FI GURE 60 TYPES OF SI TES
O-type site S-type site (3 sectors)

Types of sites

BS Configuration Principles
BS30 rack can accommodate only one TRX, but the BS30 racks
can be cascaded to support S222 site (three directional cells and
two carriers at each cell)
A cell with two TRXs can be achieved by combined racks. There
is only one main rack in each rack combination. The expansions
are controlled by the CMM board in the basic rack, which are not
capable of O&M controls themselves.
S-type site can be implemented by cascading multiple rack
groups. Data and O&M signals are transmitted through the main
rack in each rack group, and then to the expansion rack through
the main rack. The synchronization clock necessary for the
expansion racks in a cell is provided by the main rack in it, and
the synchronization clock not needed across different cells.
Modules and equipment that should be configured in a BS30
rack are as show in Table 20
TAB L E 20 MODUL ES AND EQUI PMENT CONFI GURED I N BS30 RACK
Serial
No.
Equipment
or Module
Configuration
Requirement
Qty. Remarks
1
PWM or
PWMD
Mandatory 1
AC/DC power supply
2 ETSM Mandatory 1
Main rack is configured
with both CMM and ETRM
modules, but an
expansion rack is
configured with ETRM
module only.
3 DPM Mandatory 1 Duplex module
4 Rack Mandatory 1
Including the rack,
internal and external
fans and the cables for
the overall system
5 HTM Optional 1 Heating module
6 STM Optional 1
T150 usually serves as
the built-in SDH
transmission equipment.

Configuration of
the basic and
expansion racks
Module
Configuration



Peripheral Equipment Configuration of the BS30 rack are as
shown in Table 21
TAB L E 21 PERI PHERAL EQUI PMENT CONFI GURATI ON I N BS30 RACK
Serial
No.
Equipment or
Module
Configuration
Requirement
Qty. Remarks
1
Lightning
protection box
Mandatory 1
Used for lightning
protection of the AC
power. Normally, the
class-C lightning
protection box is
used. Under special
circumstances, use
class-B lightning
protection box.
2
Multifunctional
box
Optional 1
Multifunctional box is
not needed in the
case of E1 and T150
transmission, but it is
needed when HDSL,
microwave, satellite
or SDH transmission
equipment by other
vendors are in place.
When the
multifunctional box is
available, lightning
protection box is not
needed.
3 UPS Optional *
Used in the case that
the AC power supply
is beyond BS30
tolerance or in the
case the user requires
the backup power in
the case of AC power
failure.
4 Power splitter Optional *
Used in the
configuration of a cell
with two physical
sectors.
5
Antenna
feeder
equipment
Mandatory *
Including antenna,
feeder, and antenna
feeder lightning
arrester and other
devices.

Configurations
of Peripheral
Equipment

Antenna configuration:
Based on different field strength coverage, there are two types
of BS antenna: omni-antenna and directional antenna.
Omni-antenna provides omni-directional coverage, and saves
the cost of BS construction. But its relatively low antenna gain
leads to a relatively poor performance in anti-interference.
Directional antenna is directional, so it has a high antenna gain
and a strong anti-interference capability. To ensure a full-
coverage of the service area, multiple antennas should be
combined together.
In polarization directions, BTS antennae are classified into
bipolarization antenna (bipolar directions of two antenna are
perpendicular to each other) and unipolarization antenna.
Mobile communication system usually adopts the unipolarization
antenna. To use fewer antennas, the bipolarization antenna is a
good choice.
Configurations of antenna are closely related to carrier
configurations. The correspondence relationship between them is
as shown in Table 22.
TAB L E 22 THE CORRESPONDENCE REL ATI ONSHI P BETWEEN CARRI ER AND
CONFI GURATI ONS I N A CEL L
TRX Quantity Antenna Quantity and Configuration
1
Two unipolarization antennas (TX/RX, RX) or one
bipolarization antenna
2
Two unipolarization antennas (TX/RX, RX/RX) or
one bipolarization antenna

For a cell with three or more carriers, the above combinations
are not recommended. But it can be implemented by adding
more antennas.

RF cable configuration:
RF cables include the RF connection cables from the DPM to the
bottom of the rack and those from the ETRM to DPM. They are
semi-flexible FR cables.
Typical Configurations
Figure 61 shows the basic configuration of O1-Type site
Configuration
of Antenna
Feeder
O1-Type site



FI GURE 61 O1- TYPE SI TE CONFI GURATI ON
Optical fiber
BS30
External
power
lightning
protection
box
AC220V Input
AC220V input
Feeder antenna
lightning arrester
Fiber splice
tray
Tail fiber input
TX/RX
RX

BS30 rack is single-carrier BTS in O1-Type site basic
configuration with an external power lightening protection box.
After the optical fiber is spliced through the fiber splice tray, the
tail fiber is connected to the built-in T150 module of BS30. Two
unipolarization antenna (one Tx/Rx antenna and one Rx antenna)
or only one bipolarization antenna are configured to implement
diversity receiving.
Figure 62 shows O2-Type site configuration
There is one main BS30 rack (with a CMM module and TRX
carrier) in O2-Type site basic configuration and one expansion
rack (with a TRX carrier but without CMM module). The main
rack and expansion one are connected through a cable with D-
type connecters. The external dry contact alarms are
transmitted to the CMM module in the main rack.
FI GURE 62 O2- TYPE SI TE CONFI GURATI ON

O2-Type site

T150 module is available in the main rack only. After the optical
fiber is spliced through the fiber splice tray, the tail fiber is
connected to the built-in T150 module in the main BS30, and
then to the expansion rack through a HW.
One bipolarization antenna or two unipolarization antennae (with
shared Tx/Rx antennas) should be configured. A channel of
signals received in the main rack is amplified through the LNA
and transmitted to the expansion rack as diversity signals. They
implement diversity receiving of the carrier of the expansion
rack, along with the Rx/Tx antenna in the expansion rack.
Similarly, a channel of signals received in the expansion rack is
amplified through the LNA and transmitted to the main rack as
diversity signals. They implements diversity receiving of the
carrier of the main rack, along with the Rx/Tx antenna in the
main rack.
Figure 63 shows S11-Type site basic configuration
FI GURE 63 S11 TYPE SI TE CONFI GURATI ON
External power
lightning
protection box
AC220V input
Fiber
splice tray
Tail fiber input
Optical
fiber
BS30
Feeder antenna
lightning arrester
TX/RX RX
expansion
BS30
E1
Feeder antenna
lightning arrester
TX/RX RX
main

Configuration of S11-Type site is same as that of O2_Type site.
There are two BS30 racks which share one external power
lightning protection box.
S11-Type site



T150 transmission module is configured in the main rack only.
Connect the optical fiber is spliced through the fiber splice tray.
And the tail fiber is connected to the built-in T150 module of the
main rack, and then the expansion rack through a HW. It is
unnecessary to transmit the synchronization signal between the
main rack, and then the expansion rack.
Each cell in the S11_Type site needs a separate feeder antenna
system, and there is no RF connection line between two racks.
For the S11-Type site, each cell should be configured with either
two unipolarization antennae (one Tx/Rx antenna and one Rx
antenna) or only one bipolarization antenna to implement
diversity receiving.
Figure 64 shows S111-Type site basic configuration
FI GURE 64 S111- TYPE SI TE BASI C CONFI GURATI ON
BS30
main
External power
lightning
protection box
AC220V input
Feeder antenna
lightning arrester
Fiber
splicetray
Tail fiber input
BS30
expansion
Optical fiber
E1
TX/RX
RX
BS30
Feeder antenna
lightning arrester
TX/RX
RX
Feeder antenna
lightning arrester
TX/RX RX
expansion
E1

S111-Type site is configured with one main and two expansion
racks, which share one power lightning protection box.
Built-in transmission module is available in the main rack only; it
is connected to the two expansion rack through HWs.
Each sector in the S111-Type site needs a separate feeder
antenna system, and there is no RF connection line between any
two racks. For the S111-Type site, each cell should be
configured with either two unipolarization antennas (one Tx/Rx
S111-Type site

antenna and one Rx antenna) or only one bipolarization antenna
to implement diversity receiving.

Figure 65 shows the S222-Type site basic configuration
FI GURE 65 S222 TYPE SI TE BASI C CONFI GURATI ON
Optical
fiber tray
Optical
fiber access
BS30
Antenna feeder
lightening
arrestor
TX/R
X
expansion
BS30
H
W
Antenna feeder
lightening
arrestor
TX/R
X
main
Diversity antenna feeder
BS30 BS30
H
W
Diversity
antenna feeder
TX/R
X
TX/R
X
External
power
lightening
protection
box
AC220
V
Input
BS30
BS30
H
W
Diversity
antenna
feeder
Antenna feeder
lightening
arrestor
TX/R
X
TX/R
X
Diversity antenna
feeder
Diversityantenna
feeder
Diversity
antenna feeder
expansion
expansion
main
main
S
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
E1

S222-Type site



Each sector of the S222-type site is configured with one main
BS30 rack and one expansion rack. There are six racks in total
that share one power lightning protection box.
Built-in transmission module is configured in one main rack only
and the main rack in the three sectors is cascaded through E1
lines. Main rack is connected to the expansion rack in this sector
through an E1 line. Synchronization signals should be
transmitted through the main and expansion racks to implement
synchronization.
Configurations of the antenna feeder and the RF connections in
each sector are exactly the same as those in the O2-type site.

A p p e n d i x A
CE Statement

Before using this GSM Macro Base Transceiver Station, read this
important RF energy awareness, control information and
operational instructions to ensure compliance with the CE RF
exposure guidelines.
The assessment of compliance boundary is performed by
calculation in accordance with EN50383:2002.
Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by
the party responsible for compliance will void the users
authority to operate the equipment.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the
limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to the CE Rules. This
equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency
energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the
instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio
communications. However, there is no guarantee that
interference will not occur in a particular installation.
For OUTDOOR use, a Directional Antenna with a maximum gain
of 11dBi is authorized for use with this unit. Outside antennas
must be positioned to observe minimum separation of 3M (9.84
feet) for 900MHz unit and 2.2M (7.22 feet) for 1800MHz unit
from all users and bystanders. For the protection of personnel
working in the vicinity of outside antennas, the following
guidelines for minimum distances between the human body and
the antenna must be observed.
The installation of an OUTDOOR antenna must be such that,
under normal conditions, all personnel cannot come within 3M
(9.84 feet) for 900MHz unit and 2.2M (7.22 feet) for 1800MHz
unit from the outside antenna. Exceeding this minimum
separation will ensure that the worker or bystander does not
receive RF-exposure beyond the Maximum Permissible Exposure
according to section EN50383:2002 limits for Controlled
Exposure.



This page is intentionally blank

A p p e n d i x B
Abbreviation

Abbreviation Full Name
A
AB Access Burst
Abis Abis
AC Alternating Current
ACT Activation
AGCH Access granted Channel
ARFCN Absolute Radio Frequency Channel No
AUC Authentication Center
AEM Antenna Equipment Module
B
BCCH Broadcast Control Channel
BCH Broadcast Channel
BCU Backboard Connection Unit
BP Burst Period (pulse)
BSC Base Station Controller
BSS Base Station Subsystem
BTS Base Transceiver Station
BTSM BTS Management
C
CBCH Cell Broadcast Control Channel
CCCH Calling Control Channel
CCH Common Channel
CELL Cellular
CELP Code Excited Linear Prediction Coding
CHP Channel Processor
C/I Carrier to Interference Ratio



CIP Carrier Interface Processor
CLK Clock
CM Communication Management
CMM Controller & Maintenance Module
CS Circuit Switched
CSU Cross Switch Unit
CU Carrier Unit
D
DB Data Base
DB Dummy Burst
DBS Data Base Subsystem
DC Direct Current
DCCH Dedicated Control Channel
DLCI Data Link Connection Identifier
DPM DuPlexer Module
DRX Discountinued Receiving
DSP Digital Signal Processor
DTX Discontinuous Transmission
E
EAM External Alarm monitoring
E1 E1
ECU Environment Control Unit
EIR Equipment Identity Register
ETP External Test Port
F
FACCH Fast Associated Control Channel
FB Frequency correction Burst
FCCH Frequency Correction Channel
FCDU F Combiner Distribution Unit
FCLK Frame Clock
FCS Frame Check Sequence
FDMA Frequency Division Multiplex Access
FN Frame Number
FS Full Speed
FU Frame Unit
FUC Frame Unit Controller

Appendix C
FURRM
Frame Unit controller Radio Resource
management Module
G
GGSN Gateway GPRS Support Node
GMSK Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying
GPRS General Packet Radio Service
GSM Globe System for Mobile communication
H
HDB3 High Degree Bipolar coding
HDLC High Level Data Link Controller
HLR Home Location Register
HPI Host Processor Interface
HTM HeaTing Module
HW HighWay
I
ID IDentification/IDentity
IMEI
International Mobile station Equipment
Identity
I/Q In phase/quadrature
L
LapD Link Access Procedure D Channel
LapDm
Link Access Procedure Dm(mobile D)
Channel
LLC Logical Link Control
LM Local Manager
LMT Local Manager Terminal
LNA Low Noise Amplifier
LO Local Oscillator
LP Local Poll
LPF Loop Filter
LVDS Low Voltage Differential Signaling
M
MAC Medium Access Control
MB Micro-BTS
McBSP Multi-channel Buffer Serial Port
MM Mobility Management
MMI Man-Machine Interface
MO Manage Object



MS Mobile Station
MSC Mobile Switch Center
MSS Mobile Switch System
MTBF Mean Time Between Failures
N
NB Normal Burst
NCPU Network Control Processing Unit
O
OAMM Operational And Maintenance Module
OBCLK Octet Binary clock
OMC Operation and Maintenance Center
OSS Operate & Support System
OU Optical Unit
P
PA Power Amplifier
PACCH Packet Associated Control Channel
PAGCH Packet Access granted Channel
PAGCHM PCH&AGCH Management
PAU Power Amplifier Unit
PBCCH Packet Broadcast Control Channel
PCB Printed Circuit Board
PCCCH Packet Common Control Channel
PCH Paging Channel
PCM Pulse Code Modulation
PCU Packet Control Unit
PLMN Public Land Mobile Network
PDTCH Packet Data Traffic Channel
PLL PhaseLock Loop
PNCH Packet Notification Channel
PPCH Packet Paging Channel
PRACH Packet Random Access Channel
PS Power Supply
PSI Packet System Information
PTCCH Packet Timing advance Control Channel
PU Power Unit
PWM PoWer Module

Appendix C
PTM Point To Multipoint
R
RACH Random Access Channel
RCU Radio Carrier Unit
RF Radio Frequency
RLC Radio Link Control
RM Remote Management
RR Radio Resource management
RSL Radio Signal Layer
RX Receiver
S
SACCH Slow Associated Control Channel
SAPI Service Access Point Indicator
SABM Set Asynchronous Balance Mode
SB Synchronization Burst
SCCP Signaling Connection Control Point
SCH Synchronization CHannel
SDCCH Stand Alone Dedicated Control Channel
SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
SGSN Serving GPRS Support Node
SMC Short Message Center
SMS ShortMessage Service
SNDCP
Subnetwork Dependent Convergence
protocol
SSM Subjoin Service Management
STM SDH Translation Module
SYNCLK SYNchronous CLocK
T
TA Timing Advance
TAI Timing Advance Index
TC Transcoder
TCH Traffic Channel
TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
TEI Terminal Equipment Identification
TI Transaction Identification
TPF Tracking Phase lock Frequency synthesizer
TPU Transceiver Process Unit



TRM Transceiver Module
TRX Transceivers
TS Time Slot
TSC Training Sequence Code
TSM Transceiver for Station Module
TU Tributary Unit
Tx Transmitter
U
Um Um
USF Uplink State Flag
V
VCO Voltage Control Oscillator
VLR Visitor Location Register
VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
8-PSK 8-Phase Shift Keying

A p p e n d i x C
Figures

Figure 1 ZXG10-BS30 Rack ...............................................6
Figure 2 - ZXG10-BSS Position in a GSM/GPRS Network...........7
Figure 3 ZXG10-BS30 Working Principle............................ 10
Figure 4 ZXG10-BS30 Hardware Structure......................... 12
Figure 5 - DPM Structure ................................................... 14
Figure 6 - Software Modules of ZXG10-BS30 (V1.5) .............. 15
Figure 7 CMM Software Module Structure .......................... 16
Figure 8 FUC Software Module ......................................... 20
Figure 9 ZXG10-BS30 External Interfaces.......................... 32
Figure 10 Position of LapD Module in RSL .......................... 45
Figure 11 LapD Frame Structure ...................................... 46
Figure 12 LapD UI Frame Structure .................................. 47
Figure 13 LapDm Module ................................................ 48
Figure 14 LapDm I-frame Structure.................................. 48
Figure 15 MS Originated Link Establishment ...................... 57
Figure 16 BSC Originated Link Establishment. .................... 58
Figure 17 Link Establishment Failure................................. 59
Figure 18 MS Originated Link Release ............................... 59
Figure 19 BSC Requested Link Release.............................. 60
Figure 20 Link Release Failure ......................................... 60
Figure 21 Transparent L3 Message in Acknowledge Mode..... 61
Figure 22 Receiving transparent L3 Message in Acknowledge
Mode .............................................................................. 61
Figure 23 Transmitting L3 Transparent Message in Non-
Acknowledgment mode ..................................................... 62



Figure 24 Receiving L3 Transparent Message in Non-
Acknowledgement Mode.................................................... 62
Figure 25 Successful Channel Activation............................ 64
Figure 26 Unsuccessful Channel Activation ........................ 65
Figure 27 Handover ....................................................... 66
Figure 28 Success of Mode Change................................... 68
Figure 29 Failure of Mode Change .................................... 69
Figure 30 Connection Allocation ....................................... 70
Figure 31 Encryption ...................................................... 71
Figure 32 SACCH Deactivaiton......................................... 72
Figure 33 Radio Channel Release ..................................... 73
Figure 34 Basic Measurement Report.................................. 73
Figure 35 Measurement Report Pre-processing Procedure.... 74
Figure 36 MS Power control............................................. 75
Figure 37 BS Power Control............................................. 75
Figure 38 Physical Environment Request/Acknowledgment... 76
Figure 39 SACCH Fill-in Information Change ...................... 76
Figure 40- Access Request Procedure .................................. 78
Figure 41 Immediate Assignment Procedure ...................... 78
Figure 42 Paging Procedure............................................. 79
Figure 43 Paging Response Procedure............................... 79
Figure 44 Short Message Cell Broadcast Request Procedure . 80
Figure 45 Short Message Cell Broadcast Command Procedure
..................................................................................... 80
Figure 46 Broadcast Information 1 Change Procedure ......... 81
Figure 47 Broadcast Information 2 (SACCH FILL) Change .... 82
Figure 48 Radio Resource Indication................................. 83
Figure 49 Load Indication Procedure on Public Channel ....... 83
Figure 50 Error Inidication Procedure................................ 84
Figure 51 Connection Failure Procedure ............................ 85
Figure 52 Parameter Configuration Procedure .................... 86
Figure 53 Alarm Reporting Procedure................................ 87
Figure 54 Software Loading Procedure .............................. 87
Figure 55 ZXG10-BS30 Star Networking............................ 90
Figure 56 - ZXG10-BS30 Chain Networking .......................... 90
Figure 57 SDH Ring Networking....................................... 91
Figure 58 SDH Chain Network ......................................... 91

Appendix C
Figure 59 Cellular Cells Schematic Diagram....................... 92
Figure 60 Types of Sites ................................................. 92
Figure 61 O1-Type Site Configuration ............................... 96
Figure 62 O2-Type Site Configuration ............................... 96
Figure 63 S11 Type Site Configuration .............................. 97
Figure 64 S111-Type Site Basic Configuration.................... 98
Figure 65 S222 Type Site Basic Configuration .................... 99




A p p e n d i x D
Tables

Table 1 Chapter Summary .................................................. ii
Table 2 Typographical Conventions ..................................... iii
Table 3 Mouse Operation Conventions ................................. iv
Table 4 Abis Interface Basics ........................................... 24
Table 5 - Abis Interface Electrical Features.......................... 25
Table 6 Abis Interface Signal Definition............................... 34
Table 7 - TS Configurations on the Abis Interface................. 35
Table 8 - Inter-rack Synchronous Signal Interface description 37
Table 9 Inter-rack HW Signal Interfaces Descriptions .......... 38
Table 10 Antenna Interfaces Descriptions.......................... 39
Table 11 Input/Output Dry Contact Interface Description..... 40
Table 12 MMI Interface Features...................................... 41
Table 13 220 V AC Power Input Interface .......................... 42
Table 14 Description of the -48 V DC Output Interface ........ 42
Table 15 - Description of the -48 DC Power Input Interface ... 43
Table 16 Description of the -48 VDC Output Interface ......... 43
Table 17 Optical Fiber Access Interface Description............. 44
Table 18 The Structure of L3 Message on the Um Interface.. 50
Table 19 The Structure of L3 Messages on the Abis Interface50
Table 20 Modules and Equipment Configured in BS30 Rack. 93
Table 21 Peripheral Equipment Configuration in BS30 Rack... 94
Table 22 The Correspondence Relationship Between Carrier
and Configurations in a Cell ............................................... 95




A p p e n d i x E
Index

220V AC Power Input Interface
.................................... 36
-48 DC Power Input Interface37
Abis Interface..................... 28
Access Request................... 70
Antenna Feeder Interface ..... 33
APP Layer .......................... 13
Broadcast Information 1 change
Procedure....................... 74
BS Configuration Principles ... 85
BS power control ................ 68
Carrier Interface Processor ... 15
Chain Networking................ 83
Chain Networking Mode ....... 82
Channel Establishment......... 57
Channel Mode Change ......... 61
Channel Processing Module... 15
CMM Specifications.............. 24
Common Channel Management
Function......................... 70
Configuration of Antenna feeder
.................................... 86
Configuration of the basic and
expansion racks .............. 85
Configurations of Peripheral
Equipment...................... 86
Connection Failure............... 77
Controller and Maintenance
Module........................... 10
Data Base Subsystem.......... 13
Dedicated Channel Management
Function......................... 56
Diversity Receiving.............. 49
Downlink .............................6
DPM....................................8
E1 Networking.................... 81
Easy O&M.......................... 48
Encryption ......................... 63
Error Indication................... 77
Error Report ....................... 78
ETRM Specifications............. 24
ETSM ..................................7
Flexible configuration........... 48
Frame Unit Controller .......... 13
Frequency Hopping ............. 49
Handover .......................... 59
Heater specifications ........... 25
High Receiving Sensitivity .... 48
HTM.................................... 9
Immediate Assignment ........ 71
Interface with the External
Environment Monitoring
system.......................... 35
Inter-rack data/clock interface
.................................... 32
LapD Protocol..................... 39
LapDm Protocol .................. 41
Lightning protection box ...... 25
Link Establishment.............. 51
Link Release....................... 53
LMComm........................... 13
LNKCTRL ........................... 12
LNKDRV ............................ 12
Load Management .............. 76
Local Maintenance Unit ........ 13
Man-Machine Interface ........ 36
Module Configuration........... 85
MS power control ................ 67
Multifunctional box
specifications.................. 25
Number and Type of Sites.... 84
O1-Type site ...................... 87
O2-Type site ...................... 88
Online Software Loading ...... 80
Operation Support System... 12
Optical Fiber Access Interface38
Paging .............................. 72
Parameter configuration....... 79
PAU .................................... 8
Power Control .................... 49
pSOS+ operating System..... 11
PWM and PWMD ................... 9
Radio Resource Indication.... 76
RCU.................................... 8
Ring Networking ................. 82
RR/MM/CM Protocol............. 44



RUNCTRL .......................... 12
S111-Type site................... 90
S11-Type site .................... 89
S222-Type site................... 90
SACCH Procedure ............... 66
SDH Networking................. 82
Short Message Cell Broadcast73
Star Networking Mode......... 81
STM/HDSL........................... 9
TPU.................................... 8
TRX Management Function ...75
Types of sites .....................84
Typical Configurations..........87
Um interface ......................31
Um Interface Specifications ..21
Uplink .................................6
UPS Power specifications ......25
Wireless Link Management
Function.........................50

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