UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level

SCIENCE (CHEMISTRY, BIOLOGY) Paper 1 Multiple Choice Additional Materials: Multiple Choice Answer Sheet Soft clean eraser Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

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October/November 2011 1 hour

*8064957085*

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write in soft pencil. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Write your name, Centre number and candidate number on the Answer Sheet in the spaces provided unless this has been done for you. There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions. For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the separate Answer Sheet. Read the instructions on the Answer Sheet very carefully. Each correct answer will score one mark. A mark will not be deducted for a wrong answer. Any rough working should be done in this booklet. A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 16.

This document consists of 16 printed pages.

IB11 11_5126_01/FP UCLES 2011

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2 1 Which piece of apparatus would be most suitable to measure accurately the volume of acid needed to neutralise 25.0 cm3 of an alkali?
100 90 80 70 60 25 cm3 50 40 100 75 50 25 30 20 10 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

In which conversion do water molecules lose speed?

water vapour

water

ice

A B C D 3

ice water ice water vapour water vapour ice water water vapour

An atom of element X is represented by 7 3X. Which statement about this atom of X is correct? A B C D It is in Group III of the Periodic Table. It is in Group VII of the Periodic Table. The total number of protons and electrons is 6. The total number of protons and neutrons is 10.

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3 4 How does a magnesium atom form a bond with an oxygen atom? A B C D 5 by giving two electrons to the oxygen atom by sharing one pair of electrons by sharing two pairs of electrons by taking two electrons from the oxygen atom

The table shows the electronic structures of four elements. element W X Y Z Which pair of atoms form a covalent molecule? A B C D two atoms of W two atoms of X an atom of W and an atom of X an atom of Y and an atom of Z electronic structure 2, 6 2, 8 2, 8, 1 2, 8, 7

A substance contains the ions X4+ and Y2. What is the simplest formula of the compound containing the ions X4+ and Y2? A XY2 B X2Y C X2Y4 D X4Y2

Which process is endothermic? A B C D the formation of a hydrogen-chlorine bond the formation of silver from silver salts in photography the formation of water from oxygen and hydrogen the formation of water from steam

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4 8 The rate of the reaction between a given mass of calcium carbonate and an excess of hydrochloric acid is studied by collecting the carbon dioxide in a graduated syringe. The results are shown in the graph.
100

80

60 total volume of carbon dioxide / cm3 40

20

0 0 1 2 3 time / min 4 5 6

How much time is required for half the calcium carbonate to react? A 9 0.95 min B 1.5 min C 2.0 min D 3.0 min

Which statement about all acids is correct? A B C D They contain both hydrogen and oxygen. They give ammonia with an ammonium salt. They have a pH value below 7. They react with all metals to form hydrogen.

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5 10 What are the properties of bromine? state at room temperature A B C D gas gas liquid liquid result of adding bromine to aqueous potassium iodide no reaction reaction no reaction reaction

11 Which diagram represents the structure of an alloy?

A B C D

12 Water is formed when hydrogen is passed over the heated oxide of metal X. No water is formed when hydrogen is passed over the heated oxide of metal Y. What is the order of reactivity of hydrogen, metal X and metal Y? most reactive A B C D hydrogen X X Y X hydrogen Y hydrogen least reactive Y Y hydrogen X

13 Aluminium is used to make saucepans because of its apparent lack of reactivity. Which property of aluminium explains its unreactivity? A B C D It has a high electrical conductivity. It has a layer of oxide on its surface. It has a low density. It is in Group III of the Periodic Table.

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6 14 Ammonia may be obtained from ammonium chloride by heating with A B C D aqueous calcium chloride. aqueous sodium hydroxide. dilute hydrochloric acid. water.

15 The table shows the boiling point ranges of fractions collected from distillation of a sample of petroleum (crude oil). Which fraction contains the smallest molecules? fraction A B C D boiling point range 20 50 C 50 100 C 100 150 C 150 250 C

16 Which is the molecular formula of an alkane? A C3H6 B C4H10 C C6H12 D C7H18

17 The equation shows a molecule of hexane being cracked into two smaller molecules by heating to a high temperature.

H H C H

H C H

H C H

H C H

H C H

H C H H H

H C H

H C H

H C H

H C H H + substance X

What is the structure of substance X?

A H H C H H C H H H H C H H B H H C C H C H H H C H C H C H D H

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7 18 Which substance turns aqueous bromine from brown to colourless?

A H H C H H C H O H H H C H B H C C H H H H C H C C O H H H n C C O H D H

19 Which substance can be oxidised to form ethanoic acid? A CH3OH B C2H5OH C C3H7OH D C4H9OH

20 What is formed when proteins are hydrolysed? A B C D alcohols amino acids esters fats

21 The diagram shows a plant cell.

4
Which structures are the cell membrane, cell wall and cytoplasm? cell membrane A B C D
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cell wall 2 2 1 1

cytoplasm 3 4 3 4
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1 1 2 2

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8 22 A mature xylem vessel has A B C D a cell wall only. a cell wall and cytoplasm only. a cell membrane, cytoplasm and a nucleus. cytoplasm, a cell wall and a nucleus.

23 The diagram shows a root hair, surrounded by a dilute solution of mineral ions.
dilute solution of mineral ions

concentrated solution of mineral ions

Which statement describes what happens? A B C D Water molecules move into the root hair because their concentration is lower inside. Water molecules move into the root hair because their concentration is lower outside. Water molecules move out of the root hair because their concentration is lower inside. Water molecules move out of the root hair because their concentration is lower outside.

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9 24 An experiment is performed to investigate the germination of barley grains, as follows. Three petri dishes are set up as shown in diagram 1. The dishes are left for 3 days. Iodine solution is added to the starch-agar substrate.
P amylase solution diagram 1 petri dishes viewed from the side Q germinating barley grains R germinating barley grains which have been boiled

starch-agar substrate

The results are shown in diagram 2. The shaded areas went blue-black.
amylase solution diagram 2 after 3 days, the same petri dishes viewed from above P Q R barley grains

Which is the best explanation of the results? A B C D Amylase is produced by barley grains that have been boiled. Amylase from barley grains is destroyed when they are boiled. Germinating grains prevent iodine from staining starch blue / black. Starch from the substrate is used by the grains as an energy source.

25 Where and how does carbon dioxide enter a plant? where A B C D root hair cells root hair cells stomata stomata how osmosis diffusion osmosis diffusion

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10 26 The diagram shows a photosynthesising water plant. The rate of photosynthesis is measured by bubbles of gas released.

water

light

After a few minutes the bubbles cease. Which factor in the water might be limiting the rate of photosynthesis? A B C D carbon dioxide nitrate oxygen water

27 To investigate whether bacteria in the mouth produce acids, a student rubbed two pieces of sterile cotton wool on his teeth, dipped only one of these pieces into finely powdered sugar, left both pieces in separate petri dishes for thirty minutes, covered both pieces with Universal Indicator solution.

[Universal Indicator solution colours: above pH 7, dark green to blue; pH 6-7, green; below pH 6, yellow to red] Which colours will be observed at the end of the experiment? sample dipped into sugar A B C D green green red red sample not dipped into sugar green red green red

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11 28 A plant shoot with a transparent stem was placed in a beaker containing a blue dye and then examined 5 hours later.

blue dye

blue dye

start

5 hours later

Which statement explains the change in appearance? A B C D Blue dye diffuses through the cells of the plant. Blue dye diffuses up the stem by osmosis. Blue dye moves up through the phloem. Blue dye moves up through the xylem.

29 The diagram represents part of the human circulatory system. Where is the blood pressure highest?

C right side of heart

B left side of heart

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12 30 The graph shows pressure changes in the left ventricle and the left atrium (auricle) as the heart beats. When is the ventricle contracting?
20

key pressure 10 / kPa ventricle atrium

0 0 A B C D time

31 Which equation represents anaerobic respiration in yeast? A B C D glucose alcohol + carbon dioxide glucose alcohol + water glucose lactic acid + carbon dioxide glucose lactic acid + water

32 What is the excretory product in blood that is removed by the lungs? A B C D carbon dioxide lactic acid urea water

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13 33 The diagram shows a section through a human eye.

Q P

The eye produces an image by refracting (bending) light onto the retina. How much of this refraction is created by the parts P, Q and R? most refraction A B C D P P R R some refraction Q R P Q no refraction R Q Q P

34 What is the best way to discover whether a bacterium would be destroyed by penicillin? A B C D Compare the growth of the bacterium in a nutrient medium with the growth of a similar but non-pathogenic bacterium. Grow the bacterium in a nutrient medium and observe the effect of adding penicillin. Inoculate a person with the bacterium and then observe the effect of the treatment with penicillin. Treat an infected person with another antibiotic and observe the result.

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14 35 The diagram shows a food web.

owl hawk

beetle

mouse

squirrel

fungus

tree

Which of the organisms, shown in the food web, can survive by taking in only simple inorganic materials? A B C D beetle fungus owl tree

36 Which processes occur during the carbon cycle? carbon compounds absorbed by living organisms A B C D     carbon compounds excreted by living organisms    

37 Cutting down large areas of tropical forest can lead to a reduction in rainfall. What is the reason for the reduction in rainfall? A B C D a reduction in photosynthesis a reduction in transpiration an increase in flooding an increase in respiration

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15 38 The diagram shows a flower in longitudinal section. Before they had developed fully, a plant breeder removed the structures labelled X, as shown.
X

What is the effect of removing these structures? A B C D It prevents asexual reproduction. It prevents the flower from being pollinated. It prevents the flower from producing seeds. It prevents the flower from pollinating itself.

39 What is a method of preventing the spread of HIV? A B C D avoiding sharing cups for drinking checking blood before transfusions taking the contraceptive pill using spermicides

40 Which two characteristics both show continuous variation? A B C D height and weight sex and sickle-cell anaemia sickle-cell anaemia and height weight and sex

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DATA SHEET The Periodic Table of the Elements

Group III
1

I H
Hydrogen

II

IV

VI

VII

0
4

He
Helium

1 11 12 14 16 19

2 20

Li
Boron Carbon

Be
5 27 28 6 7

N
Nitrogen

O
Oxygen

F
Fluorine

Ne
Neon

Lithium

Beryllium

8 31 32

9 35.5

10 40

23

24

Na
Aluminium

Mg
13 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70

Al
14

Si
Silicon

P
Phosphorus

S
Sulfur

Cl
Chlorine

Ar
Argon

Sodium

Magnesium

11

12

15 73 75

16 79

17 80

18 84

39

40

45

48

K
Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc

Ca
23 93 96 101 103 106 108 112 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Sc

Ti

Cr

Mn

Fe

Co

Ni

Cu

Zn
31

Ga
Gallium

Ge
Germanium

As
Arsenic

Se
Selenium

Br
Bromine

Kr
Krypton

Potassium

Calcium

Scandium

Titanium

19

20

21

22

32 115 119

33 122

34 128

35 127

36 131

16

85

88

89

91

Rb
Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver

Sr
41 181 195 184 186 190 192 197 42 43 44 45 46 47

Zr

Nb

Mo

Tc

Ru

Rh

Pd

Ag
48

Cd
Cadmium

In
Indium

Sn
Tin

Sb
Antimony

Te
Tellurium

I
Iodine

Xe
Xenon

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.
49 201 204 50 207 51 209 52 53 54

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Rubidium

Strontium

Yttrium

Zirconium

37

38

39

40

133

137

139

178

Cs
Tantalum Iridium Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Platinum

Ba
73 77 74 75 76 78

La Ta W Re Os Pt

Hf

Ir
79

Au
Gold

Hg
Mercury

Tl
Thallium

Pb
Lead

Bi
Bismuth

Po
Polonium

At
Astatine

Rn
Radon

Caesium

Barium

Lanthanum

Hafnium

55

56

57

72

80

81

82

83

84

85

86

226

227

Fr
140 141 144 150

Ra

Ac
152 157 159 162 165 167 169 173 175

Francium

Radium

Actinium

87

88

89

*58-71 Lanthanoid series 90-103 Actinoid series Ce

Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium

Pr
59 60 238 61

Nd

Pm
62

Sm
Samarium

Eu
Europium

Gd
Gadolinium

Tb
Terbium

Dy
Dysprosium

Ho
Holmium

Er
Erbium

Tm
Thulium

Yb
Ytterbium

Lu
Lutetium

58 232

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

a = relative atomic mass

Key Th
Thorium Protactinium Uranium

X Pa
91 92

X = atomic symbol
90

U
93

Np
Neptunium

Pu
Plutonium

Am
Americium

Cm
Curium

Bk
Berkelium

Cf
Californium

Es
Einsteinium

Fm
Fermium

Md
Mendelevium

No
Nobelium

Lr
Lawrencium

b = proton (atomic) number

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.).