St.

Anthonys College
NURSING DEPARTMENT
San Jose, Antique
DRUG STUDY
Name of Drug
Dosage, Route,
Frequency, Timing
Mechanism of
Action
n!ication Si!e "ffects
S#ecial
$recautions
Nursing Res#onsi%ilities
&eneric'

Metronidazole
Brand:
Dosage' ())mg
Route' oral
ANST*+,
Frequency' trice a !ay
*TD,
Timing' -AM,./$M,
-$M
Effective against
anaerobic bacteria and
protozoa. Specfically
inhibits growth of
trichomonae and
amoebae by binding to
DNA, resulting in the
lossof helical structure,
strand breaage,
inhibition of nucleic
acid synthesis and cell
death.
Serious efffection due to
susceptible anaerobic
bacteria, includeing
!acteroides fragilis
resistant to clindamycin,
chloramphenicol, and
penicillin. "eritonitis, intra#
abdominal abscess and
liver abscess due to !.
fragilis, !.vulgatus,
clostridium species,
eubacterium species,
"eptostreptococcus
species and "eptococcus
niger.
$ontraindications%
!lood dyscrasis, active
organic disease of the
$NS, trichomoniasis
during first &rimester of
pregnancy, lactation. is
carcinogenic in rodents'
avoid unnecessary use.
topical us if hypersensitive
to parabens or other
ingredients of the
formulation consumption
of alcohol use.

Diarrhea, nausea,
vomiting, abdominal
cramps(pain,dry
mouth,stomach
cramps, epigastric
distress,
vertigo,headache,
dizziness,syncope,
weaness.
Adverse Effects%
Seizures,!one
marrow aplasia,
leucopenia,
dysmenorrheal,
)&*,cystitis, "olyuria.
)se with caution in
those with evidence or
history of blood
dyscrasias or in those
with impaired hepatic
function. Safety and
efficacy have not been
established in children
e+cept for treating
amebiasis.
$hec Doctor,s order
-ollow the ./ 0ights in
giving medication.
Document indications for
therapy, clinical
presentation, and
offending agents.1have a
full nutritional assessment
done by a registered
vitamin levels as indicated.
with replacement, monitor
levels to ensure
re2uirements are met and
levels are as desired.
Classification
Trichomonaci!e,
Ame%ici!e
St. Anthonys College
NURSING DEPARTMENT
San Jose, Antique
DRUG STUDY

Name of Drug
Dosage, 0oute,
-re2uency,
&iming
Mechanism of Action *ndication Side Effects
Special
"recautions
Nursing 0esponsibilities
3eneric%
&ramadol
!rand%
Dosage% 4/mg
0oute% *5&&
-re2uency%
67hour
&iming%
7AM,.8"M,7"M
A centrally acting
analgesic not related
chemically to opiates.
"recise mechanicanism
is not nown. &wo
complimentary
mechanisms may be
applicable. it may bind
to mu#opioid receptors
and inhibit reuptae or
norepinephrine and
serotonin. &he
analgesic effect only
partially antagonized by
the antagonist
nalo+one.
Management of moderate to
moderately pain. &he
e+tended release product is
intended to treat moderate to
moderately severe pain in
adults who re2uire around the
cloc pain therapy for an
e+tended period of time.
$ontraindications%
hypersensitivity to tramadol. *n
acute into+ication with alcohol,
hypnotics, centrally acting
analgesics, opiates, or past or
present addiction or opiates
dependence or in those with a
prior history of allergy to
codeine or opiates. use for
obstretric preoperative
medication or postdelivery
analgesia in nursing mothers.
Dizzuiness,
headache, $NS
stimulation, ata+ia,
sedation(somnolence
, vertigo,
itching(pruritus,
constipation, nausea.
Adverse Effects%
Seizures, liver failure,
Steven 9ohnson
syndrome, to+ic
epidermal
necrolysis.suicidal
tendency,
anaphyla+is.
use with great
caution in those
taing Mao
inhibitors, as
tramadol inhibits
norepinephrine and
serotonin uptae.
dosage reduction is
recommender with
impaired hepatic or
renal function and
in clients over :4
years of age. use
with caution in
increased
intracranial
pressure or head
in;ury, in epilepsy,
or in clients with an
increased ris for
seizures.
$hec Doctor,s order
-ollow the ./ 0ights in giving
medication.
Assess for history of drug addiction.
Monitor vital signs.
<ist reason for therapy, location,
onset, and triggers, characteristic.
Avoid alcohol and $NS depressant.
$lassification
Analgesic,
centrally# acting
St. Anthonys College
NURSING DEPARTMENT
San Jose, Antique
DRUG STUDY
Name of Drug
Dosage,
0oute,
-re2uency,
&iming
Mechanism of
Action
*ndication Side Effects Special "recautions Nursing 0esponsibilities
3eneric%
etorolac
tromethamine
!rand%
&oradol
Dosage%
=/mg
0oute% *5&&
-re2uency%
6>hrs
&iming%
7#8#./
!locs
cycloo+ygenase,
an enzyme
needed
to synthesize
prostaglandins.
"rostaglandins
mediate
inflammatory
response and
cause
local vasodilation,
swelling, and pain.
&hey
also promote pain
transmission from
periphery to spinal
cord. !y blocing
cycloo+ygenase
and inhibiting
prostaglandins,
this NSA*D
reduces
inflammation and
relieves pain.
*.5. *N9E$&*?N
Adults ages .7 to 7@. Initial: =/ mg as
single dose, followed by oral etorolac if
needed'or =/ mg every 7 hr p.r.n.
D?SA3E AD9)S&MEN&
-or patients weighing
less than 4/ g, elderly patients, and
patients with impaired renal function,
initial dose reduced to .4 mg, followed
by oral etorolac if needed' or .4 mg
every 7hrs prn, up to ma+imum of 7/
mg daily for no more than 4 days.
$ontraindications%
Advanced renal impairment or ris of
renal impairment due to volume
depletion'before or during surgery if
hemostasis iscritical' breast#feeding'
cerebrovascular bleeding' concurrent
use of aspirin or other
salicylates,other NSA*Ds, or probenecid
hemorrhagic diathesis' history of 3*
bleeding,3* perforation, or peptic ulcer
disease'hemophilia or other bleeding
problems,including coagulation or
platelet function
disorders' hypersensitivity to etorolac
tromethamine, aspirin, other NSA*Ds.
headache
dizziness
drowsiness
diarrhea
nausea
dyspepsia(ing
estion
epigastric(3*
pain
edema
Adverse Effects%
perforation
hypersensivit
y%
bronchospas
m,
anaphyla+is.
3* effects, it can
cause peptic
ulcers.
ris of bleeding
renal effects,
renal failure
hypersensitivity
effects from
bronchospasm
A )se etorolac with
e+treme caution in
patients with history of
ulcer disease or 3*
bleeding because
NSA*Ds lie etorolac.
A Encourage patient to
have dental procedures
performed before starting
drug therapy
because of increased ris
of bleeding.
A &each patient proper
oral hygiene measures,
and encourage him to use
a soft#bristled toothbrush
while taing etorolac.
$hec Doctor,s order
-ollow the ./ 0ights in
giving medication.
A 0ead etorolac label carefully.
Don,t use
*.M. form for *.5. route. Bnow that
etorolac
isn,t for intrathecal or epidural use.
A *n;ect *.M. etorolac slowly, deep
into a
large muscle mass.Monitor site for
bleeding,
bruising, or hematoma.
A 3ive *.5. in;ection over at least .4
seconds.
A Notify prescriber if pain relief is
inade2uate
or if breathrough pain occurs
between doses because
supplemental doses of an opioid
analgesic may be re2uired.
A Advise patient not to tae aspirin,
other
salicylates, or other NSA*Ds while
taing
etorolac without consulting
prescriber.
)rge patient to limit use of
acetaminophen
to only a few days during etorolac
therapy and to notify prescriber of
use.
A *nstruct him to immediately report
blood
in urine, easy bruising, itching, rash,
swelling, or yellow eyes or sin.
$lassification
Chemical class:
Acetic acid
derivative
Therapeutic class:
Analgesic,
antiinflammatory
A Alert patient to the possibility of
serious
sin reactions, although rare,
occurring
with etorolac therapy. )rge patient
to
see immediate medical attention if
signs
or symptoms occur, such as a rash,
blisters,
fever, or other signs of
hypersensitivity,
such as itching.