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JA
(Junction to Ambient) 165C/W 202C/W 400C/W
JC
(Junction to Case) N/A 170C/W N/A
CONNECT ION DIA GRA M S
Figu r e 1 . 8-P in S OIC Figu r e 2 . T O-92 Figu r e 3 . T O
S u r fa ce M ou n t P a cka ge P la s tic P a cka ge M e ta l Ca n P a cka ge
(1)
T op Vie w Bottom Vie w Bottom Vie w
P a cka ge Nu mbe r M 08A P a cka ge Z03 A P a cka ge Nu mbe r H03 H
(1) Case is connected to negative pin.
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T yp ica l P e r for ma n ce Cha r a cte r is tics
Re ve r s e Volta ge Cha n ge Ca libr a te d Er r or
Figu r e 4. Figu r e 5 .
Re ve r s e Cha r a cte r is tics Re s p on s e T ime
Figu r e 6. Figu r e 7.
Dyn a mic Imp e da n ce Nois e Volta ge
Figu r e 8. Figu r e 9.
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T yp ica l P e r for ma n ce Cha r a cte r is tics (con tin u e d)
T he r ma l Re s is ta n ce Ju n ction to A ir T he r ma l T ime Con s ta n t
Figu r e 1 0. Figu r e 1 1 .
T he r ma l Re s p on s e in S till A ir T he r ma l Re s p on s e in S tir r e d Oil Ba th
Figu r e 1 2 . Figu r e 1 3 .
For wa r d Cha r a cte r is tics
Figu r e 1 4.
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A P P L ICA T ION INFORM A T ION
CA L IBRA T ING T HE L M 1 3 5
Included on the LM135 chip is an easy method of calibrating the device for higher accuracies. A pot connected
across the LM135 with the arm tied to the adjustment terminal allows a 1-point calibration of the sensor that
corrects for inaccuracy over the full temperature range.
This single point calibration works because the output of the LM135 is proportional to absolute temperature with
the extrapolated output of sensor going to 0V output at 0K (273.15C). Errors in output voltage versus
temperature are only slope (or scale factor) errors so a slope calibration at one temperature corrects at all
temperatures.
The output of the device (calibrated or uncalibrated) can be expressed as:
(1)
where T is the unknown temperature and T
o
is a reference temperature, both expressed in degrees Kelvin. By
calibrating the output to read correctly at one temperature the output at all temperatures is correct. Nominally the
output is calibrated at 10 mV/K.
To insure good sensing accuracy several precautions must be taken. Like any temperature sensing device, self
heating can reduce accuracy. The LM135 should be operated at the lowest current suitable for the application.
Sufficient current, of course, must be available to drive both the sensor and the calibration pot at the maximum
operating temperature as well as any external loads.
If the sensor is used in an ambient where the thermal resistance is constant, self heating errors can be calibrated
out. This is possible if the device is run with a temperature stable current. Heating will then be proportional to
zener voltage and therefore temperature. This makes the self heating error proportional to absolute temperature
the same as scale factor errors.
WA T ERP ROOFING S ENS ORS
Meltable inner core heat shrinkable tubing such as manufactured by Raychem can be used to make low-cost
waterproof sensors. The LM335 is inserted into the tubing about from the end and the tubing heated above
the melting point of the core. The unfilled end melts and provides a seal over the device.
T yp ica l A p p lica tion s
Figu r e 1 5 . Ba s ic T e mp e r a tu r e S e n s or Figu r e 1 7. Wide Op e r a tin g S u p p ly
Figu r e 1 6. Ca libr a te d S e n s or
*Calibrate for 2.982V at 25C
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Figu r e 1 8. M in imu m T e mp e r a tu r e S e n s in g Figu r e 2 0. Re mote T e mp e r a tu r e S e n s in g
Wire length for 1C error due to wire drop
Figu r e 1 9. A ve r a ge T e mp e r a tu r e S e n s in g
I
R
= 1 mA I
R
= 0.5 mA
(1 )
A WG FEET FEET
14 4000 8000
16 2500 5000
18 1600 3200
20 1000 2000
22 625 1250
24 400 800
(1) For I
R
= 0.5 mA, the trim pot must be deleted.
Figu r e 2 1 . Is ola te d T e mp e r a tu r e S e n s or
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Figu r e 2 2 . S imp le T e mp e r a tu r e Con tr olle r
Figu r e 2 3 . S imp le T e mp e r a tu r e Con tr ol
Figu r e 2 4. Gr ou n d Re fe r r e d Fa hr e n he it T he r mome te r
*Adjust R2 for 2.554V across LM336.
Adjust R1 for correct output.
Figu r e 2 5 . Ce n tigr a de T he r mome te r
*Adjust for 2.7315V at output of LM308
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Figu r e 2 6. Fa hr e n he it T he r mome te r
*To calibrate adjust R2 for 2.554V across LM336.
Adjust R1 for correct output.
Figu r e 2 7. T HERM OCOUP L E COL D JUNCT ION COM P ENS A T ION
Compensation for Grounded Thermocouple
*Select R3 for proper thermocouple type
T HERM O-COUP L E R3 (1 %) S EEBECK COEFFICIENT
J 377 52.3 V/C
T 308 42.8 V/C
K 293 40.8 V/C
S 45.8 6.4 V/C
A dju s tme n ts : Compensates for both sensor and resistor tolerances
1. Short LM329B
2. Adjust R1 for Seebeck Coefficient times ambient temperature (in degrees K) across R3.
3. Short LM335 and adjust R2 for voltage across R3 corresponding to thermocouple type.
J 14.32 mV K 11.17 mV
T 11.79 mV S 1.768 mV
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Figu r e 2 8. S in gle P owe r S u p p ly Cold Ju n ction Comp e n s a tion
*Select R3 and R4 for thermocouple type
T HERM O-COUP L E R3 R4 S EEBECK COEFFICIENT
J 1.05K 385 52.3 V/C
T 856 315 42.8 V/C
K 816 300 40.8 V/C
S 128 46.3 6.4 V/C
A dju s tme n ts :
1. Adjust R1 for the voltage across R3 equal to the Seebeck Coefficient times ambient temperature in degrees Kelvin.
2. Adjust R2 for voltage across R4 corresponding to thermocouple.
J 14.32 mV
T 11.79 mV
K 11.17 mV
S 1.768 mV
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Figu r e 2 9. Ce n tigr a de Ca libr a te d T he r mocou p le T he r mome te r
Terminate thermocouple reference junction in close proximity to LM335.
A dju s tme n ts :
1. Apply signal in place of thermocouple and adjust R3 for a gain of 245.7.
2. Short non-inverting input of LM308A and output of LM329B to ground.
3. Adjust R1 so that V
OUT
= 2.982V @ 25C.
4. Remove short across LM329B and adjust R2 so that V
OUT
= 246 mV @ 25C.
5. Remove short across thermocouple.
Figu r e 3 0. Fa s t Cha r ge r for Nicke l-Ca dmiu m Ba tte r ie s
Adjust D1 to 50 mV greater V
Z
than D2.
Charge terminates on 5C temperature rise. Couple D2 to battery.
Figu r e 3 1 . Diffe r e n tia l T e mp e r a tu r e S e n s or
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Figu r e 3 2 . Diffe r e n tia l T e mp e r a tu r e S e n s or
Figu r e 3 3 . Va r ia ble Offs e t T he r mome te r