Stoichiometry Project

Griffin Moore.
Christian G., Jacob K., & Mikey P.



1 November 2013







Purpose-
We applied what we learned about reactions and stoichiometry to the reaction of barium
chloride dihydrate and potassium chromate. While measuring out the exact amounts of each
need to create a 5.000 gram sample of the precipitate form. We reacted 4.11 g. sample of barium
chloride dehydrate (aqueous) with the 3.82 g. sample of potassium chromate (aqueous) to form
5.000 g. of barium chromate (precipitate).
Method-
Partners-
Mikey P.
Jacob K.
Christen G.
Materials-
Rinse bottle (with distilled water)
2 small Erlenmeyer flask
Electronic balance
2 weighing dishes
Barium chloride dehydrate
Potassium chromate
Stirring rod
Funnel
Filter
Oven
Potential hazards-
BaCl2 * 2H20- Highly toxic, maybe fatal if swallowed practice strict hygiene. Avoid all
body contact.
K2CrO4- Strongly body tissue irritant. This material is a known carcinogen. Avoid all
body contact. Highly toxic by ingestion or inhalation. Avoid dust or fumes. Avoid contact
with combustible materials.
BaCrO4- Irritating to the skin and eyes on contact. Inhalation will cause irritation to the
lungs and mucus membranes. Irritation to the eyes will cause watering and redness.
Always wear protective equipment.
2KCl- Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact, or eye contact, of ingestion, or
inhalation.
Source of Information-
Flinn Chemical Bottle for BaCl2 & K2CrO4
Sciencelab.com for BaCrO4 & 2KCl

Procedure-
In our experiment, we first used a rinse bottle to rinse out two Erlenmeyer flask. Then
we weighed out the 4.11 grams of barium chloride dihydrate and 3.82 grams of potassium
chromate needed to form the 5.000 grams of our precipitate, barium chromate, in separate
weighing boats. We also weighed piece of filter paper so we could use it to find the mass of our
precipitate. We put each reactant in the two separate Erlenmeyer flask, while rinsing any left
behind reactant with the rinse bottle into the flask. We added 15 ml. of distilled water to each
flask using a graduated cylinder. Then we swirled the flask to aid in dissolving. With using a
clean funnel we poured one of the aqueous solutions in to the other flask. We rinsed the now
almost empty flask to ensure we got all of the reactant. We swirled to ensure complete fixing.
We then placed a piece of filter paper in the funnel to isolate the precipitate in the filter. We then
placed the filter paper on a dish to place in the oven over night to let the precipitate dry
completely. Once completely dried we took the mass of the filter paper with the precipitate. We
disposed of the filtrate, and the filter paper with the precipitate. We cleaned all our lab area and
equipment and placed them back where they go. We subtracted the mass of the filter paper form
the mass of the filter paper with the precipitate on it to get the mass of the precipitate. Using this
mass we divided by the theoretical amount we should have gotten (5.000 grams). Then we
multiplied by 100 to find our present yield.



















Results-
Mass of reactant CaCl2 needed 4.11 g.
Mass of reactant K2CrO4 needed 3.82 g.
Mass of filter paper 1.088 g.
Mass of filter paper + precipitate 5.782 g.
Mass of precipitate 4.694 g.
Theoretical amount of precipitate 5.000 g.
Percent Yield 94%

Qualitative Observations-
Barium chloride dehydrate- white crystals
Potassium chromate- yellowish orange crystals
Barium chromate (precipitate)- yellowish orange powder
Potassium chloride (filtrate)- yellow liquid

Sample calculations-











Experimental Error-
We could have gotten our masses measurements of each reactant much more precise to
the calculations showing what we needed. Also we could have filtered the filtrate again after the
first time so we got all of the precipitate. We saw this problem when we saw our filtrate still had
some foggy yellow material still in it after the filtration. Also the rinsing of the weighing dishes
and the Erlenmeyer flask whenever we poured something to get all of the rest out we didnt do
the best job of rinsing it all out. If we were to do the lab over again we would make a much
more precise measurement of the reactants and filter the precipitate multiple times to sure that
we got all of it out of the filtrate.

Discussion-
We applied what we knew about balancing equations, reactions and stoichiometry to
apply it to a real reaction. By figuring out what our precipitate being Barium chromate it was
used to find how much of each reactant, barium chloride dihydrate and potassium chromate, we
needed to combine. Then we combined them to form our precipitate and our aqueous solution.
We then filtered the precipitate out and dried it to find the mass. With that we found our percent
yield which was not as close to 100% as we would have liked it to be.