International Journal of Computer Trends and Technology (IJCTT) volume 4 Issue 8 August 2013

ISSN: 2231-2803 http://www.ijcttjournal.org Page 2447

Anonymization Mechanism for Privacy-Preserving Location Monitoring
System in WSN
D.Gayathri
1
, Abdul Vahed
2
1
Student,M.Tech (CSE),
2
Assistant Professor ,CSE Department, Sri Sunflower college of
Engineering and Technology, Lankapalli.


Abstract Data anonymization is the process of destroying
tracks or the electronic trail on the data that would lead an
eavesdropper to its origins. An electronic trail is the information
that is left behind when someone sends data over network.
Anonymizing wireless sensor networks allow users to access
services privately by using a series of routers to hide the clients
IP address from the server. In the network there can be a
privacy threat of which users can view the content of the other
users. Users can even modify copy or perhaps delete the
information. Here we introduce an effective location tracking
process. This system involves two algorithms resource algorithm
and quality aware algorithm. Both the algorithms depend on the
k-anonymity privacy concept. Resource algorithm is aimed at
notifying server any time two users communicate where as
quality aware algorithm aims to find the aggregate location on
the files which tend to be accessed by other users. The server
system may also view the user screen and the current application
that are running on the person system. Thus the systems inside a
network can possibly be securely monitored by the server and
this transferred files as well as their formats tend to be
graphically.
Keywords location privacy, resource aware algorithm ,
wireless sensor networks(WSN)
I. INTRODUCTION

Wireless sensor networks (WSN): Main purpose of the
WSN is to monitor some physical phenomena (e.g.,
temperature, barometric pressure, light) inside an area of
deployment. Nodes are equipped with radio transceiver,
processing unit, battery and sensor(s). Nodes are constrained
in processing power and energy, whereas the base stations are
not severely energy resources. The base station act as
gateways between the WSN and other networks such as
Internet etc... The WSN is used in various applications like
military, health and commercial. WSNs are becoming one of
the building blocks of pervasive computing. They provide
simple and cheap mechanism for monitoring in the specified
area. But WSN technology is an inappropriate use can
significantly violate privacy of humans. WSNs are frequently
deployed to collect sensitive information. WSN can be used to
monitor the movements of traffic in a city. Such a network can
be used to determine location of people or vehicles.
The sensor nodes such networks are deployed over a
geographic area by aerial scattering or other means. Each
sensor node can only detect events within a very limited
distance, called the sensing range. In addition, sensor nodes
normally have fairly limited transmission and reception
capabilities so that sensing data have to be relayed via a multi-
hop path to a distant base station (BS), which is a data
collection centre with sufficiently powerful processing
capabilities and resources.
With identity sensors, the system can pinpoint the exact
location of each monitored person. Unfortunately, monitoring
personal locations with a potentially un-trusted system poses
privacy threats to the monitored individuals, because an
adversary could abuse the location information gathered by
the system to infer personal sensitive information. For the
location monitoring system using identity sensors, the sensor
nodes report the exact location information of the monitored
persons to the server; thus using identity sensors immediately
poses a major privacy breach. Although the counting sensors
by nature provide aggregate location information, they would
also pose privacy breaches.










Fig1:Privacy Preserving protections in WSNs


II. LITERATURE SURVEY
Once the programmers start building the tool the
programmers need lot of external support. Before building the
system the above consideration are taken into account for
developing the proposed system.

Overview

We now discuss the privacy threat in existing location
monitoring systems. In an identity-sensor location monitoring
system, since each sensor node reports the exact location
information of each monitored object to the server, the
adversary can pinpoint each object's exact location. On the
other hand, in a counting-sensor location monitoring system,
each sensor node reports the number of objects in its sensing
area to the server.

International Journal of Computer Trends and Technology (IJCTT) volume 4 Issue 8 August 2013

ISSN: 2231-2803 http://www.ijcttjournal.org Page 2448

The particular adversary can map the monitored elements of
the sensor nodes to the system layout. If the object count of
the monitored area is very small or comparable to one, the
adversary can infer the actual identity of the monitored objects
while using mapped monitored area. However, when many
users decide never to reveal their locations, the position
monitoring system cannot provide almost any useful services.
The closest work to ours will be the hierarchical location
anonymization algorithm that divides the system space into
hierarchical levels while using physical units, for example,
sub-rooms, areas and floors. We consider the situation of how
to utilize the anonymized location data to provide privacy-
preserving location monitoring services.
III. SYSTEM ANALYSIS
A. Problem Definition:

We consider the problem of how to utilize the anonymized
location data to provide privacy-preserving location
monitoring services while the usability of anonymized
location data was not discussed in other privacy related works
include: anonymous communication that provides anonymous
routing between the sender and the receiver.

B. Existing System

Existing location monitoring systems in an identity-sensor
location monitoring System, since each sensor node reports
the exact location information of each 0monitored object to
the server, the adversary can pinpoint each object's exact
location. On the other hand, in a counting-sensor location
monitoring system, each sensor node reports the number of
objects in its sensing area to the server. The adversary can
map the monitored areas of the sensor nodes to the system
layout.

C. Limitations of Existing System

We consider the problem of how to utilize the anonymized
location data to provide privacy-preserving location
monitoring services while the usability of anonymized
location data was not discussed in other privacy related works
include: anonymous communication that provides anonymous
routing between the sender and the receiver.

D. Proposed System and Advantages

This paper elaborated a privacy-preserving location
monitoring system for wireless sensor networks to provide
monitoring services with help of anonymization algorithms,
namely, resource- and quality-aware algorithms. The
estimated distribution is used to provide location monitoring
services through answering range queries, while preserving
the monitored object's location privacy.


IV. REQUIREMENTS
A. HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:
System : Pentium IV 2.4 GHz.
Hard Disk : 40 GB.
Floppy Drive : 1.44 Mb.
Monitor : 15 VGA Colour.
Mouse : Logitech.
RAM : 512 Mb.

B. SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:
Operating system : Windows XP or higher.
Coding Language : JDK 1.6
Tools : Eclipse Indigo
Front End : Swing(JFC)
Back End :SQL server

C. FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS:

Functional requirements specify which output file should
be produced from the given file they describe the
relationship between the input and output of the system, for
each functional requirement a detailed description of all data
inputs and their source and the range of valid inputs must be
specified.

D. NON FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS:

Describe user-visible aspects of the system that are not
directly related with the functional behavior of the system.
Non-Functional requirements include quantitative
constraints, such as response time (i.e. how fast the system
reacts to user commands.) or accuracy ((.e. how precise are
the systems numerical answers.)

E. PSEUDO REQUIREMENTS:

The client that restricts the implementation of the system
imposes these requirements. Typical pseudo requirements
are the implementation language and the platform on which
the system is to be implemented. These have usually no
direct effect on the users view of the system.
V. MODULES DESCRIPTION

1. WSN LOCATION MONITORING MODULE
The location monitoring system using identity sensors, the
sensor nodes report the exact location information of the
monitored persons to the server; thus using identity sensors
immediately poses a major privacy breach. To tackle such a
privacy breach, the concept of aggregate location information,
that is, a collection of location data relating to a group or
category of persons from which individual identities have
been removed , has been suggested as an effective approach to
preserve location privacy . Although the counting sensors by
International Journal of Computer Trends and Technology (IJCTT) volume 4 Issue 8 August 2013

ISSN: 2231-2803 http://www.ijcttjournal.org Page 2449

nature provide aggregate location information, they would
also pose privacy breaches.

2. AGGREGATE LOCATIONS MODULE

We design two in-network location anonymization algorithms,
namely, resource- and quality-aware algorithms that preserve
personal location privacy, while enabling the system to
provide location monitoring services. Both algorithms rely on
the well established k-anonymity privacy concept that requires
a person is indistinguishable among k persons. In our system,
sensor nodes execute our location anonymization algorithms
to provide k- anonymous aggregate locations, in which each
aggregate location is a cloaked area A


3. MAPPED LOCATION MONITORING MODULE

SENSOR NODES:
Each sensor node is responsible for determining the number
of objects in its sensing area, blurring its sensing area into a
cloaked area A, which includes at least k objects, and
reporting A with the number of objects located in A as
aggregate location information to the server. We do not have
any assumption about the network topology, as our system
only requires a communication path from each sensor node to
the server through a distributed tree . Each sensor node is also
aware of its location and sensing area.

SERVER:

The server is responsible for collecting the aggregate
locations reported from the sensor nodes, using a spatial
histogram to estimate the distribution of the monitored objects,
and answering range queries based on the estimated object
distribution. Furthermore, the administrator can change the
anonymized level k of the system at anytime by disseminating
a message with a new value of k to all the sensor nodes.

SYSTEM USERS:

Authenticated administrators and users can issue range
queries to our system through either the server or the sensor
nodes, as depicted in Above System Architecture figure. The
server uses the spatial histogram to answer their queries.

4. MINIMUM BOUNDING RECTANGLE (MBR)
We find the minimum bounding rectangle (MBR) of the
sensing area of A. It is important to note that the sensing area
can be in any polygon or irregular shape.





VI. SYSTEM DESIGN

A. Data Flow Diagram

The DFD is also called as bubble chart. It is a simple
graphical formalism that can be used to represent a
system in terms of the input data to the system,
various processing carried out on these data, and the
output data is generated by the system

B. Modelling Rules
There are several common modelling rules when creating
DFDs:
1. All processes must have at least one data flow in and
one data flow out.
2. All processes should modify the incoming data,
producing new forms of outgoing data.
3. Each data store must be involved with at least one
data flow.
4. Each external entity must be involved with at least
one data flow.
C. Project Architecture














Fig 2:SystemArchitecture
VII. PROCESS SPECIFICATION
A. Input Design
The input design is the link between the information system
and the user. It comprises the developing specification and
procedures for data preparation and those steps are necessary
to put transaction data in to a usable form for processing can
be achieved by inspecting the computer to read data from a
written or printed document or it can occur by having people
keying the data directly into the system. The design of input
focuses on controlling the amount of input required,
controlling the errors, avoiding delay, avoiding extra steps and
keeping the process simple. The input is designed in such a
way so that it provides security and ease of use with retaining
the privacy. Input Design considered the following things:

International Journal of Computer Trends and Technology (IJCTT) volume 4 Issue 8 August 2013

ISSN: 2231-2803 http://www.ijcttjournal.org Page 2450

What data should be given as input?
How the data should be arranged or coded?
The dialog to guide the operating personnel in
providing input.
Methods for preparing input validations and steps
to follow when error occur.


Objectives:

1. Input Design is the process of converting a user-oriented
description of the input into a computer-based system. This
design is important to avoid errors in the data input process
and show the correct direction to the management for getting
correct information from the computerized system.

2. It is achieved by creating user-friendly screens for the data
entry to handle large volume of data. The goal of designing
input is to make data entry easier and to be free from errors.
The data entry screen is designed in such a way that all the
data manipulates can be performed. It also provides record
viewing facilities.

3. When the data is entered it will check for its validity. Data
can be entered with the help of screens. Appropriate messages
are provided as when needed so that the user will not be in
maize of instant. Thus the objective of input design is to create
an input layout that is easy to follow

B. Output design

A quality output is one, which meets the requirements of the
end user and presents the information clearly. In any system
results of processing are communicated to the users and to
other system through outputs. In output design it is determined
how the information is to be displaced for immediate need and
also the hard copy output. It is the most important and direct
source information to the user. Efficient and intelligent output
design improves the systems relationship to help user
decision-making.
1. Designing computer output should proceed in an organized,
well thought out manner; the right output must be developed
while ensuring that each output element is designed so that
people will find the system can use easily and effectively.
When analysis design computer output, they should Identify
the specific output that is needed to meet the requirements.

2.Select methods for presenting information.

3.Create document, report, or other formats that contain
information produced by the system.

The output form of an information system should accomplish
one or more of the following objectives.
Convey information about past activities, current
status or projections of the
Future.
Signal important events, opportunities, problems, or
warnings.
Trigger an action.
Confirm an action.

C. Techniques: Resource-Aware Algorithm &Quality-aware
Algorithms: The resource-aware algorithm aims to minimize
communication and computational cost, while the quality-
aware algorithm aims to minimize the size of cloaked areas in
order to generate more accurate aggregate locations. The
quality-aware algorithm starts from a cloaked area A, which is
computed by resource aware algorithm. Then A will be
iteratively updated based on extra communication among the
sensor nodes until its area reaches the minimal possible size.
For both algorithms, the sensor node reports its cloaked area
with the number of monitored persons in the area as an
aggregate location to the server.


Fig 3:-Steps in resource aware algorithm


Fig 4:-Steps in quality aware algorithm

To avoid reporting aggregate locations with a containment
relationship to the server validation is required. We do not
allow the sensor nodes to report their aggregate locations with
the containment relationship to the server, because combining
these aggregate locations may pose privacy leakage. Sensor
network has a large number of sensor nodes hence it is very
costly for a sensor node to gather the information of all the
sensor nodes to compute its minimal cloaked area. To reduce
the cost, node determines a search space based on the input
cloaked area computed by the resource-aware algorithm. To
provide location monitoring services based on the aggregate
location information, we propose a spatial histogram
approach that analyzes the aggregate locations reported from
the sensor nodes to estimate the distribution of the monitored
objects. The estimated distribution is used to provide location
monitoring services through answering range queries. We
evaluate our system through simulated experiments.


International Journal of Computer Trends and Technology (IJCTT) volume 4 Issue 8 August 2013

ISSN: 2231-2803 http://www.ijcttjournal.org Page 2451

VIII. CONCLUSION

In this paper, we propose an efficient location tracking system
and we explained two anonymization algorithms namely
resource and quality aware algorithm and we efficiently track
the client and the path of the files. To minimize
communication and computational cost resource aware
algorithm used. To minimize the size of cloaked areas in order
to generate more accurate aggregate locations, quality aware
algorithm used. Location monitoring services based on the
aggregate location information. While preserving the
monitored object's location privacy, the results supporting
statement that high quality monitoring services guaranteed.

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