Best Practice in Hannover,

Kronsberg, Germany
MUHAMMAD SAFUAN BIN CHE
AHMED (A133024)
Hmk
MUHAMMAD RAMADHAN BIN
ZAKARIA (A133409)
Location: Hannover, Germany
Dates: Planned 1990-1994,1996-2000 first phase.
Ongoing.
Type: New construction in greenfield area at city edge.
Use: Residential, services, open space.
Size: 160 hectares, 3,000 dwellings first phase, final
size 6,000 dwellings.
People: 6,500 residents first phase, 15,000 after
completion.
: 3,000 jobs created nearby
Target of Urban Development
in Kronsberg
As a result, new standards are required for
Kronsberg in:
urban development
ecology
social planning
The goal is also for the:
planning process and
civic participant
to be exemplary
Conception of passive houses was developed in the
late eighties.
The Passive House Project in Hannover Kronsberg was
a registered EXPO 2000 project (Cost efficient Climate
Neutral Passive Houses, Reg. No. NI244).
super insulated houses with mechanical ventilation and
heat recovery proofed to provide high thermal comfort
with extreme low specific heat energy consumption of
about 15 kWh/ (m2a)
energy conservation of about 75% compared to
conventional buildings.
The 32 terraced houses in Hannover Kronsberg are
arranged in four rows with eight houses each row.
This arrangement offers the advantage of reduced
envelope surface area to volume ratio.
The houses are type buildings which are available in three
sizes with 79, 97, and 120 m2 floor area respectively.
The main intention of this project was to show, that heat
supply in passive houses can be realized by warming up the
supply air of the balanced ventilation system.
So these houses have no conventional heating system with
radiators, except one in the bathroom
Walls and roofs are made of light-weight
wooden construction
The core of the building, the cross-walls and
end-walls are made of prefabricated concrete
elements.
This modular construction allowed cost
reduction, so it was possible to achieve pure
building costs that are as low as for
conventional building
Controlled mechanical ventilation with heat
recovery requires air- tightness.
controlled air supply and exhaust-air extraction
with heat recovery.
The inhabitants MAY open doors and windows,
but they DO NOT NEED to accomplish ventilation
through windows during the heating period
Solar hot water storage and supply-air
heater (SAH).
Mechanical ventilation system
with heat recovery
Enery supply system
All houses are connected to a grid of district heat
supply which is fed by a combined heat and power
machine
flat plate thermal solar collectors and a thermal
storage tank in each house are used for domestic hot
water production in summer
All houses are connected via a heat load line from the
connector.
This line supplies the hot water tank of the solar
thermal system in each house, if not enough heat
from the sun is available.
It supplies the water-to-air heater to provide space
heating.
Costs
Modular construction of terraced houses and multi-
storey flats allow to achieve pure building costs that
do not extend the costs of conventional buildings.
This type of construction offsets the extra expenditure
for insulation and ventilation system almost
completely.
Modular construction means a high degree of
prefabrication of the various structural elements, a
low number of different elements with improved
quality, sophisticated logistics and a short
construction time.
This cost reduction provides for a broad introduction
of passive houses into the market.
All the built structure were to meet Low Energy
House Standard (LEH).
This was possible only when the design had a
compact building form qith few projections and
recessions.
The required space index is 55kWh/m2.
This was possible through
thicker insulation layers of walss
airtight and windproof building envelopes
avoidance of thermal bridges
installation of very well insulations windows.
Energy Efficiency Optimization at Kronsberg
Environment Ecological
Standards Energy
Project
1
Solar City
2
Passive solar houses
3
Solar district heating system
4
Wind turbines
Solar district heating system
Passive solar houses : Passive solar houses in the project use heat
exchangers to meet their heating needs. One of the CHP plants is run
by fuel cells, and was a demonstration project for the Exposition.
Wind turbines : Two wind turbines provide 3,000 dwellings with
electricity.
Photovoltaic cell technology.
Solar City
Decentral cogeneration heating plant
Compulsory connection to the network
Only 5% more expensive than
new-build developments with
district heating connections elsewhere
in the city
District
heating
The most important renewable
energy source on Kronsberg is
wind power.
Tow large and one smaller wind
turbines to provide enough
energy for 3,000 houses
Wind
Energy
Water
The Kronsberg Water Concept deals with the effects that a large
development can have on the local water table, the necessity for
water conservation, and raising awareness of water issues through
visible systems.
The Mulden-Rigolensystem for decentralized retention and
infiltration of rainwater was used throughout Kronsberg to create
a system of retention and infiltration that would not cause large
changes to the local water ecology
Of the daily usage of 142 L of drinking water per person in
Germany, most runs through the shower, bath, wash-basin and
toilet straight to the drains. Only about three liters are used either
for drinking, or for cooking. As water provider, the Hanover
Municipal Water-works is aiming to reduce that figure to 100 L per
person. Economy aerators have been installed in wash-basins.
These reduce water-consumption greatly, although it is barely
perceptible. Flow-limiters and flow stabilizers are also effective.
Within the framework of the Regional capital Hanover and
KUKA energy economy programme, each household will
receive two aerators free of charge. These economy measures
have had their effects in other directions too; the pipes for
drinking water are smaller than usual, and are laid exclusively
for drinking water and not, as is more often the case, also for
fire-fighting requirements.
All precipitation on built up and paved areas is absorbed, collected
and gradually released. Equipment of all apartments with water
devices. A rainwater management system collects and treats
rainwater on-site in grassed hollows that run alongside the
pavements, before it flows into a retention area and ultimately
feeds into a nearby stream. Two hillside avenues running vertically
through the scheme provide additional retention areas during
periods of heavy rainfall. An attractive landscape feature, they also
help raise awareness of water issues to residents.
Waste
The Kronsberg Waste Management Concept includes building waste, and
domestic and commercial waste.
Construction waste
The city of Hannover reached a contractual agreement with
developers to use exclusively environmentally compatible and
healthy building materials.
For construction phase they required to sort building waste on site
Signs were fixed to the various waste skips on site to make it clear
which waste belonged in which classification
Developers are required to use materials for construction that are
non-toxic and recyclable, 80% of construction waste was not
landfilled.
Commercial and domestic waste
The main component was setting up innovative collection systems
that is attractively designed container parks close to the houses
Owners of detach houses often compost organic waste in their
gardens.
This can reduces waste volume of Kronsberg by 30% to 154 kg per
person and year compared to Hannover average of 219 kg per
person and year
Recycling stations for pre-separated waste such as paper, packaging
and organics, are situated through the neighborhoods and
underground glass recycling bins help minimize the visual impact
of such facilities.
Systems for pre-sorted waste collection, encouragement of home
composting, and encouragement for retailers to use low-packaging retail
goods were part of the domestic and household waste plan, as well as a
dense network of repair and alteration services throughout the
development that encourage people to follow the motto mend it, dont
dump it.