Selection of Thread System

Bolted Joints and Threaded Fasteners
Page 1 of 11
SEED Guides Bolted Joints and Threaded Fasteners < >
7. Selection of Thread Systems

There is a large number of thread systems in existence and it is beyond the scope of this Guide to
discuss them in detail. Table 7.1 gives a brief comparison of ISO Metric Coarse with British
Association (BA) British Standard Fine (BSF), British Standard Whitworth (BSW), Unified Coarse
(UNC) and Unified Fine (UNF).
The student designer is advised to consider ISO Metric Coarse series to be the current first choice
for all new designs and to regard the other systems listed above as obsolete or obsolescent.
The user is advised to avoid threaded fasteners specified to inch dimensions except for British Standard
Pipe thread which is widely used in the hydraulic industry and which can be used for hydraulic
connections and plugs.
If the threaded fastener cannot be selected from the ISO Metric Coarse series then the ISO Metric
Fine and Constant Pitch series may provide a solution but these series must be regarded as very
expensive alternatives in most cases. It should be noted that standard ranges of fasteners are
normally not produced to these alternative series.
7.1 Screw thread forms

7.1.1 Basic form. The basic ISO form of thread is shown by the heavy outline in Figure 7.1.
http://www.co-design.co.uk/dpg/bol/bol7.html
2/9/2009
Page 2 of 11
2/9/2009
Page 3 of 11
7.2 Selection of metric screw threads (B.S. 3643)

The form of the I.S.O. metric screw thread is shown in Figure 7.1. The basic form is exactly the same as
the Unified (American Inch) thread form. (The pitch to diameter ratio of the I.S.O. coarse screw thread
is equivalent to the B.S.F. series and NOT to the Whitworth inch series.)
In practice all standard fasteners (bolts, screws, set screws etc.) will be of the metric COARSE series
with graded pitches. ONLY THE NOMINAL SIZES SHOWN IN TABLE 7.2 SHOULD BE USED.
For a table showing all sizes and pitches see BS 18 section 4 table 2.
The I.S.O. FINE series provides a very fine pitched screw and is used only for aircraft and instrument
making. It is impractical to tap I.S.O. FINE threads in soft metals. For large diameter threads (72150mm) the 2mm. constant pitch series should be used. For even larger diameters (150-250mm.) the
3mm. constant pitch series should be used. Standard tooling is universally available to manufacture the
above thread series only.
7.2.1 Classes of Fit
British Standard. BS.3643 provides for three classes of fit - Fine, Medium and Coarse, for precision,
general and hot/dirty/corrosive conditions respectively. For medium fits the tolerance grades for the
effective dia for both external and internal threads are 5, 6 or 7, while tolerance positions are H for
internal threads and 'g for external threads. (See SEED Design Procedural Guide GEN 1 for
explanation of 'Limits and Fits').
7.2.2 Designation of metric threads
To dimension a thread on a drawing use the following designation (See also BS308, Pt 2, Section 6.9).
2/9/2009
Page 4 of 11
Table 7.2 Metric Threads: BS 3643.

Dimensions in mm DRG
NOMINAL PITCH
CORE
SIZE
DIAMETER
MAJOR
DIAMETER
STRES TAPPING
S AREA
DRILL
MM2
'B"
CLEARANCE
E DRILL
'A'
TAPPING DRILL
DEPTH DEPTH
'C'
'D'
M3
M4
M5
M6
M8
M10
0.50
0.70
0.80
1.00
1.25
1.50
2.40
3.40
4.00
4.80
6.50
8.16
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
5.0
8.8
14.2
20.1
36.6
58.0
2.5
3.3
4.2
5.0
6.8
8.5
3.4
4.5
5.5
6.6
9.0
11.0
4
5
6
8
10
12
6
9
10
12
16
19
M12
M14
M16
M18
M20
M22
1.75
2.00
2.00
2.50
2.50
2.50
9.85
11.55
14.55
15.63
16.93
18.93
12.0
14.0
16.0
18.0
20.0
22.0
84.3
115.0
157.0
192.0
245.0
203.0
10.2
12.2
14.0
15.8
17.5
19.8
14.0
16.0
18.0
22.0
26.0
24.0
15
17
20
22
24
27
23
26
28
33
35
37
M24
M27
M30
M33
M36
3.00
3.00
3.50
3.50
4.00
20.32
23.32
25.70
28.71
31.09
24.0
27.0
30.0
33.0
36.0
353.0
259.0
561.0
694.0
817.0
21.0
24.3
26.5
30.0
32.0
26.0
29.0
33.0
35.0
39.0
29
33
36
40
44
42
45
51
54
60
2/9/2009
M39
M42
4.00
4.00
34.09
36.48
Page 5 of 11
39.0
42.0
769.0
1120.0
35.5
37.5
41.0
45.0
47
51
63
69
Table 7.3 Hexagon and Cap Head Screws: (Dimensions in mm)

PRECISION HEX HEAD BOLTS (BS EN24016)
and SCREWS (BS EN 24017)
SOCKET HEAD CAP SCREWS

(BS 4168 part 1)
NOMINAL
SIZE
HEAD
DEPTH
nominal
WIDTH ACROSS
FLATS
max
WIDTH ACROSS
CORNERS
min
HEAD
DEPTH
max
HEAD DIAMETER
max without
knurling
ALLEN KEY
SIZE A/F
nominal
M3
M4
M5
M6
M8
M10
2.0
2.8
3.5
4.0
5.3
6.4
5.5
7.0
8.0
10.0
13.0
16.0
6.08
7.74
8.87
11.05
14.38
18.90
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
5.5
7.0
8.5
10.0
13.0
16.0
2.5
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
8.0
M12
*M14
M16
*M18
M20
*M22
M24
M27
M30
M33
7.5
8.8
10.0
11.5
12.5
14.0
15.0
17.0
18.7
21.0
18.0
21.0
24.0
27.0
30.0
34.0
36.0
41.0
46.0
50.0
21.10
24.48
26.75
30.14
33.53
35.72
39.98
45.63
51.28
55.80
12.0
14.0
16.0
18.0
20.0
22.0
24.0
18.0
21.0
24.0
27.0
30.0
33.0
36.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
14.0
17.0
17.0
19.0
*:- NON-PREFERRED SIZE

Table 7.4 Socket set screws metric series to BS 4168 (Parts 2-5)
Dimensions in mm
2/9/2009
HEX
SOCKET
SIZE 'J'
HEX
KEY
DEPTH
'K'
CUP POINT
DIA.
'H'
Page 6 of 11
CONE POINT
90 deg. FOR
THESE
LENGTHS AND
OVER: 120
FOR SHORTER
LENGTHS
'Y'
NOM
SIZE
D
min
nom
M3
M4
M5
M6
M8
M10
M12
M16
M20
M24
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
max min
1.20
1.50
2.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
4.80
6.40
8.00
10.00
1.40 1.15
2.00 1.75
2.50 2.25
3.00 2.75
5.00 4.70
6.00 5.70
8.00 7.64
10.00 9.64
14.00 13.57
16.00 15.57
4
5
6
8
10
16
16
20
25
30
FLAT
POINT
DIAMETER
'V'
DIAMETER
'P'
max min
max min
2.00
2.50
3.50
4.00
5.50
7.00
8.50
12.00
15.00
18.00
1.75
2.25
3.20
3.70
5.20
6.64
8.14
11.57
14.57
17.57
DOG POINT LENGTH

'Q'
short series long seris
2.00
2.50
3.50
4.00
5.50
7.00
8.50
12.00
15.00
18.00
1.75
2.25
3.20
3.70
5.20
6.64
8.14
11.57
14.57
17.57
max
1.00
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.25
2.75
3.25
4.30
5.30
6.30
min
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
max
min
1.75
2.25
2.75
3.25
4.30
5.30
6.30
8.36
10.36
12.43
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
Table 7.5 Dimensions of slotted and recess countersunk head screws

Dimensions in mm
GENERAL
SLOTTED HAD To BS
EN ISO 2009
RECESSED HEAD To BS
EN ISO 7046-1
THREAD
2/9/2009
Page 7 of 11
NOMINAL
SIZE &
THREAD
DIA.
HEAD
DIA.
Max.
'D'
HEAD
HGT
Max.
'k'
LENGTH
WIDTH OF
SLOT
Nom.
'n'
DEPTH OF
SLOT
Max.
't'
RECESS
AND DRIVER POINT
NUMBER
M1.6
3.00
1.00
M2
3.80
1.20
15.0
0.40
0.50
16.0
0.50
0.60
M2.5
4.70
M3
5.50
1.50
18.0
0.60
0.75
1.65
19.0
0.80
0.85
M4
8.40
2.70
22.0
1.20
1.30
M5
9.30
2.70
25.0
1.20
1.40
M6
11.3
3.30
28.0
1.60
1.60
M8
15.8
4.65
34.0
2.00
2.30
M10
18.3
5.00
40.0
2.50
2.60
'B'
* Threaded up to head only
Table 7.6 Lengths of metric bolts LENGTH (mm)

LENGTH
mm)
DIAMETER
M3
M4
M5
M6
M8
M10
M12
M16
M20
CV
CV
CV
CV
10
CV
CV
CV
CV
CV
12
CV
CV
CV
CV
CV
CV
16
CV
CV
CV
CVH
CVH
20
CV
CV
CV
CVH
CVH
CVH
CVH
25
CV
CV
CVH
CVH
CVH
CVH
30
CV
CV
CVH
CVH
CVH
CVH
CH
35
CVH
CVH
CVH
CVH
CVH
40
CVH
CVH
CVH
CVH
CVH
CV
45
CV
CH
CVH
CVH
CH
CV
50
M24
CV
CH
CVH
CVH
CVH
CVH
CH
55
CV
CH
CH
CH
CH
CH
60
CH
CH
CH
CH
CVH
CH
65
CV
CH
CH
CH
CH
CH
70
CV
CH
CH
CH
CH
CVH
CH
75
CV
CH
CH
CH
CH
CH
80
CH
CH
CH
CVH
CH
90
CH
CH
CH
CVH
CH
100
CH
CH
CH
CVH
CH
110
CH
CH
120
CH
CH
CH
CH
130
CH
140
CH
150
CH
CH
KEY
2/9/2009
Page 8 of 11
C = CAP HEAD SCREWS

H = HEX. HEAD SCREWS
V = C/SUNK HEAD
SCREWS
Table 7.7 Typical Dimensions of Spanners and Sockets
Dimensions in mm
SPANNER
NOMINAL
SIZE
WIDTH
ACROSS
FLATS
SOCKET
DIMENSION
'A'
THICKNESS
DIMENSION
'B'
DIMENSION
'C'
DIMENSION
'D'
M6
M8
M10
M12
10.0
13.0
16.0
18.0
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.0
7.5
10.0
12.5
16.0
14.0
20.0
22.0
27.0
20.0
28.0
32.0
28.0
15.0
19.0
25.0
26.0
M14
M16
M18
M20
21.0
24.0
27.0
30.0
6.5
6.5
7.0
7.0
17.0
17.0
30.0
32.0
41.0
46.0
30.0
32.0
20.0
37.0
55.0
43.0
M22
34.0
26.0
4.50
66.0
50.0
NOTE: Ring spanners will generally be 1 - 2 mm larger in diameter than corresponding sockets.
Table 7.8 Metric Washers

SPRING WASHERS To BS 44664
NOMINAL
SIZE
INSIDE
DIAMETER
'A' Max.
OUTSIDE
DIAMETER
'B' Max.
THICKNESS
'C' Nom.
BRIGHT PLAIN WASHERS To BS 4320

INSIDE
DIAMETER 'A'
Min.
OUTSIDE
DIAMETER'B'
max.
THICKNESS
Normal range
'C' Nom.
M3
M4
M5
M6
M8
3.3
4.35
5.35
6.4
8.55
5.5
7.0
8.6
9.6
12.8
1.0
1.2
1.5
1.5
2.0
3.2
4.3
5.3
6.4
8.4
7
9
10
12-25
17
0.5
0.8
1.0
1.6
1.6
M10
10.6
15.9
2.5
10.5
21
2.0
2/9/2009
Page 9 of 11
M12
M14
M16
M18
12.6
14.7
16.9
19.0
17.9
21.1
24.3
26.4
2.5
3.0
3.5
3.5
13.0
15.0
17.0
19.0
24
28
30
34
2.5
2.5
3.0
3.0
M20
M22
M24
M27
M30
M33
M36
M39
M42
21.1
23.3
25.3
28.5
31.5
34.6
37.6
40.8
43.8
30.5
32.7
35.7
38.9
43.9
47.0
52.1
55.3
60.3
4.5
4.5
5.0
5.0
6.0
6.0
7.0
7.0
8.0
21.0
23.0
25.0
28.0
31.0
34.0
37.0
40.0
43.0
37
39
44
50
56
60
66
72
78
3.0
3.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
5.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
WIDTH
ACROSS
CORNER
'B' max.
THICKNESS
OF BLACK
NUT 'D'
max. to BS
EN 24032
Style 1
Grade
A&B
Table 7.9 Metric Nuts

Dimensions in mm
NOM PITCH
SIZE
'C'
WIDTH
ACROSS
'FLATS
'A' max.
THICKNESS OF
HEX.
THICKNESS OF
NUT 'D' max. to
THIN
SLOTTED NUT
BS EN24033
NUT
'F'
Grades A
'E' To BS
To BS 7764
&B
EN
24035
DEPTH OF
LOWER
FACE TO
SLOT
BOTTOM
'G'
SLOT
WIDTH
'H'
M3
M4
M5
M6
M8
0.50
0.70
0.80
1.00
1.25
5.5
7.0
8.0
10.0
13.0
6.3
8.1
9.2
11.5
15.0
2.4
3.2
4.7
5.2
6.8
5.1
5.7
7.5
1.8
2.2
2.7
3.2
4.0
5
6
7.5
9.5
3.2
4.0
5.0
6.5
1.2
1.4
2.0
2.5
M10
M12
M14
M16
M18
1.50
1.75
2.00
2.00
2.50
17.0
19.0
22.0
24.0
27.0
18.5
20.8
24.2
27.7
31.2
8.4
10.8
1.8
14.8
15.8
9.3
12.0
14.1
16.4
-
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
12
15
16
19
21
8
10
11
13
15
2.8
3.5
3.5
4.5
4.5
M20
M22
M24
M27
M30
M33
M36
M39
M42
2.50
2.50
3.00
3.00
3.50
3.50
4.00
4.00
4.50
30.0
32.0
36.0
41.0
46.0
50.0
55.0
60.0
65.0
34.6
39.2
41.6
47.3
53.1
57.7
63.5
69.3
75.1
18.0
19.4
21.5
23.8
25.6
28.7
31.0
33.4
34.0
20.3
23.9
28.6
34.7
-
10.0
11.0
12.0
13.5
15.0
16.5
18.0
19.5
21.0
22
26
27
30
33
35
38
40
-
16
18
19
22
24
26
29
31
-
4.5
5.5
5.5
5.8
7.0
7.0
7.0
7.0
-
2/9/2009
Page 10 of 11
Table 7.10 Installation Information for ISO Metric Fasteners
Clearance Hole Diameter

(Medium Fit Series BS EN 20273)
F Counter-bore Diameter for Hex Head bolt

to enable socket wrench access
Clearance Hole Diameter

(Free Fit Series BS EN 20273)
G Counter-Bore Depth to avoid Head

Protrusion to allow for standard steel
washer
Counter Bore Diameter for Screws to

Socket Head Cap Screw
H Counter-Bore Diameter for Counter-Sunk

Head avoid Head Protrusion
Counter-Bore Depth for SHCS to avoid

Head Protrusion
Spot-Face Diameter for Hex. Head Bolt
J Counter-Bore Depth
K Minimum Plate thickness
(SHCS socket head cap screws)
THREAD A
B
SIZE
Medium Coarse
M3
3.4
3.6
6.0
3.5
12
3.5
7.4
2.0
2.5
M4
4.5
4.8
7.5
4.5
10
15
4.5
9.7
2.6
3.2
M5
5.5
5.8
9.0
5.5
11
16
5.5
11.7
3.1
4.0
M6
6.6
7.0
10.6
6.5
13.5
18
6.5
13.8
3.6
5.0
M8
9.0
10.0
14.0
.5
18
23
8.0
18.6
4.8
6.3
M10
11.0
12.0
17.0
11.0
22
26
10.0
23.0
6.0
8.0
M12
13.5
14.5
20.0
13.0
25
29
11.5
28.0
7.0
9.0
M14
15.5
16.5
23.0
15.0
29
33
12.5
31.0
7.5
9.5
M16
17.5
18.5
26.0
17.0
31
36
14.0
34.0
8.0
10.0
M20
22.0
24.0
32.0
21.0
38
46
17.0
40.0
9.0
12.5
M24
26.0
28.0
38.0
25.0
45
53
20.0
M27
30.0
32.0
43.0
28.0
51
60
23.0
M30
33.0
35.0
48.0
31.0
57
66
26.0
2/9/2009
M36
39.0
42.0
57.0
Page 11 of 11
37.0
69
80
32.0
All dimensions in mm
2/9/2009

Selection of Thread System

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Selection of Thread System

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Bolted Joints and Threaded Fasteners

SEED Guides Bolted Joints and Threaded Fasteners < >

7. Selection of Thread Systems

7.1 Screw thread forms

Bolted Joints and Threaded Fasteners

Bolted Joints and Threaded Fasteners

7.2 Selection of metric screw threads (B.S. 3643)

Bolted Joints and Threaded Fasteners

Table 7.2 Metric Threads: BS 3643.

Bolted Joints and Threaded Fasteners

Table 7.3 Hexagon and Cap Head Screws: (Dimensions in mm)

SOCKET HEAD CAP SCREWS

*:- NON-PREFERRED SIZE

Bolted Joints and Threaded Fasteners

DOG POINT LENGTH

Table 7.5 Dimensions of slotted and recess countersunk head screws

Bolted Joints and Threaded Fasteners

* Threaded up to head only

Table 7.6 Lengths of metric bolts LENGTH (mm)

Bolted Joints and Threaded Fasteners

C = CAP HEAD SCREWS

Table 7.8 Metric Washers

BRIGHT PLAIN WASHERS To BS 4320

Bolted Joints and Threaded Fasteners

Table 7.9 Metric Nuts

Bolted Joints and Threaded Fasteners

Table 7.10 Installation Information for ISO Metric Fasteners

Clearance Hole Diameter

F Counter-bore Diameter for Hex Head bolt

Clearance Hole Diameter

G Counter-Bore Depth to avoid Head

Counter Bore Diameter for Screws to

H Counter-Bore Diameter for Counter-Sunk

Counter-Bore Depth for SHCS to avoid

Spot-Face Diameter for Hex. Head Bolt

Bolted Joints and Threaded Fasteners

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