The University Of Asia Pacific

Department of Computer Science & Engineering

ECE 202
Exp-2
Name of the Experiment : Study of Diode rectifiers.
Theoretical Background :
A rectifier converts an AC voltage into a DC voltage. rom t!e diode c!aracteristic
curve it is "no#n t!at a diode #or"s li"e a s#itc!. $n t!e for#ard %ias condition it
%ecomes &' and & in t!e reverse %ias condition. $f an AC voltage is applied across a
diode only one !alf-cycle #ill %e conducted due to t!e &' action( ot!er !alf cycle #ill %e
clipped off. $n t!e output t!e load #ill get DC.
Diode rectifier can %e of t!ree types. )!ey are------
a* +alf-#ave rectifier(
%* ull-#ave rectifier and
c* ull-#ave %ridge rectifier.
+alf-#ave rectifier circuit can %e %uilt %y using a single diode as #as discussed earlier.
)!e circuit diagram and t!e #ave s!apes of t!e input and output voltage are s!o#n
%ello#:
AC
AC Supply
Diode
L
O
a
d
V
I
INPUT
V
I
OUTPUT
FIG 1: HALF-WAVE RECTIFIER
$n t!is circuit t!e load receives approximately !alf of t!e input po#er(
Average dc voltage is very lo#(
Due to t!e presence of ripple output voltage is not smoot! one.
$n t!e full-#ave rectifier %ot! t!e !alf cycle is present in t!e output. )!is is done %y using
t#o diodes. &ne of t!em #ill conduct during one !alf cycle and t!e ot!er #ill conduct in
t!e next !alf cycle. )!is can %e done in one of t!e t#o follo#ing #ays.
,. -sing a centre-tapped transformer. )#o diodes #ill %e connected to t!e ends
of t!e transformer and t!e load #ill %e %et#een t!e diode and t!e center tap.
)!e circuit diagram and t!e #ave s!apes are s!o#n %ello#:
Rl
AC
!V "#
OUTPUT
$
V
$
V
INPUT
)!is circuit !as some advantages over t!e first one:
.astage of po#er is less(
Average DC output increase significantly(
/ecome more smoot!.
Disadvantages are:
0e1uire more space %ecause of using transformer(
/ridge rectifier overcomes all t!ese disadvantages.
C
AC
Fi% &: '(id%e
(e)$i*ie(
Rl
A rectifier( !o#ever cannot produce a smoot! dc voltage. $t produces some ripple in t!e
output. )!is ripple can %e reduced %y using filtering capacitor across t!e load.
E1uipment:
,. )rainer %oard(
2. 2ultimeter(
3. &scilloscope(
4. )ransformer52206247*
8. 0esistor5,0"*
9. Capacitor5,(4:*
:. diode54 pieces*.
Circuit Diagram:
Rl
Vo
AC
C
!V "#
ig ,: Circuit diagram for !alf #ave rectifier
C
RL
AC
fig 2:Circuit diagram for /ridge rectifier
Rl
AC
!V "#
ig 3: ull #ave rectifier
;rocedure:
,. Connect t!e circuit s!o#n in figure , %ut #it!out capacitor.
2. Connect t!e oscilloscope to o%serve t!e #ave s!ape of t!e input and output
voltages. 2easure t!e pea" DC voltage from t!e &scilloscope.
3. 2easure t!e output voltage %y a multimeter and compare it #it! t!at o%tained from
t!e oscilloscope.
4. )urn t!e po#er off and connect a capacitor54: * across t!e load . &%serve t!e
output voltage and measure it %y t!e oscilloscope.
8. 2easure t!e output voltage %y a multimeter and compare it #it! t!at o%tained from
t!e oscilloscope.
9. )urn off t!e po#er and c!ange t!e capacitance #it! t!e !ig!er one 5,00 *.
:. 0epeat procedures 4 & 8 to o%tain necessary measurement.
<. )urn t!e po#er off and disconnect t!e load resistance. &%serve t!e #ave s!apes for
%ot! t!e capacitors after turning on t!e po#er.
=. 0epeat procedures , t!roug! < for circuits in figure 2 and 3.
Data:
)a%le ,: Data for circuit ,
7o 5&scillosope* 7o 52ultimeter*
'o capacitance
4: capacitance
,00 Capacitance
)a%le 2: data for circuit 2
7o 5&scillosope* 7o 52ultimeter*
'o capacitance
4: capacitance
,00 Capacitance
)a%le 3: data for circuit 3
7o 5&scillosope* 7o 52ultimeter*
'o capacitance
4: capacitance
,00 Capacitance
0eport:
,. Dra# All t!e o%served #ave s!apes.