Chin Na

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Chin Na
Chinese name
Chinese'
(sho)*Transliterations
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Chin na or 4inna ($ is a Chinese term describing /oint lock techni&ues used in the Chinese martial
arts to control or lock an opponent5s /oints or muscles3tendons so he cannot move, thus neutrali6ing
the opponent5s fighting ability. Chin na su (Chinese' 7 pinyin' sh8 meaning techni&ue$ literally
translates as techni&ue of catching and locking in Chinese. +ome schools simply use the )ord na to
describe the techni&ues. Chin Na features both standing and ground based grappling techni&ues.
+ome Chinese martial arts instructors focus more on their Chin Na techni&ues than others. This is
one of the many reasons )hy the Chin Na of one school may differ from that of another.(9* :ll
martial arts contain Chin Na techni&ues in some degree. The southern Chinese martial arts have
more developed Chin Na techni&ues than northern Chinese martial systems. The southern martial
arts have much more prevalent reliance on hand techni&ues )hich causes the practitioner to be in
closer range to their opponent. There are over ;"" Chin Na traditional techni&ues found in all
martial arts. <n the Non=Temple White Crane style there are 9>"=!"" Chin Na techni&ues alone.
:long )ith Fu/ian White Crane, styles such as Northern ?agle Cla) (.ing @o) Pai$ and Tiger Cla)
(Fu @o) Pai$ have Chin Na as their martial focus and tend to rely on these advanced techni&ues.
+ince Chinese culture has influenced countries like @apan and Aorea, Chinese martial arts has
influenced their indigenous styles as )ell. :ikido and @u/utsu developed in @apan, and 2apkido
found in Aorea, had taken their Chin Na techni&ues from Chinese martials arts.(!* Bne can see that
many original Chinese Chin Na techni&ues resemble those found in other grappling based arts such
as Cra6ilian /iu=/itsu.(D* ,epending on the school and instructor, Chin Na is assembled in different
)ays. +ome Chin Na systems resemble Cra6ilian /iu=/itsu due to their focus on ground grappling.
:nother may be more similar to @udo due to their focus on standing -ou ,ao (the soft techni&ues of
Chin Na$. The ne%t school may appear more like 2apkido due to their focus on )rist and small /oint
locks.
There is no universally accepted systemi6ed form of Chin Na. <nstead, each school varies due to the
instructor5s training and3or personal preference of focus.
Contents
9 Techni&ues
! +ee also
D -eferences
E ?%ternal links
Techni&ues
While techni&ues of Chin Na are trained to some degree by most martial arts )orld)ide, many
Chinese martial arts are famous for their speciali6ation in such applications. +tyles such as ?agle
Cla) (.Fng 6hua &uGn $, )hich includes 9"# Chin Na techni&ues, Praying antis
(TGnglGng&uGn $, the Tiger Cla) techni&ues of 2ung Har ($, and +huai @iao are )ell
kno)n e%amples.
Chin Na can generally be categori6ed (in Chinese$ as'
IFen /inI or I6hua /inI (dividing the muscle3tendon, grabbing the muscle3tendon$. Fen means Ito
divideI, 6hua is Ito grabI and /in means Itendon, muscle, sine)I. They refer to techni&ues )hich
tear apart an opponent5s muscles or tendons.
ICuo guI (misplacing the bone$. Cuo means I)rong, disorderI and gu means IboneI. Cuo gu
therefore refer to techni&ues )hich put bones in )rong positions and is usually applied specifically
to /oints.
ICi &iI (sealing the breath$. Ci means Ito close, seal or shutI and &i, or more specifically kong &i,
meaning IairI. ICi &iI is the techni&ue of preventing the opponent from inhaling. This differs from
mere strangulation in that it may be applied not only to the )indpipe directly but also to muscles
surrounding the lungs, supposedly to shock the system into a contraction )hich impairs breathing.
I,ian maiI or Idian %ueI (sealing the vein3artery or acupressure cavity$. +imilar to the Cantonese
dim mak, these are the techni&ue of sealing or striking blood vessels and chi points.
I-ou daoI or Irou shu daoI (soft techni&ues$ )hich generally refers to the techni&ues deemed
safe for sparring and3or training purposes.
Chin means to sei6e or trap, na means to lock or break, and )hile those actions are very often
e%ecuted in that order (trap then lock$, the actions can be performed distinctly in training and self=
defense' : trap isn5t al)ays follo)ed by a lock or break, and a lock or break is not necessarily set up
by a trap.
There is &uite a bit of overlap bet)een Chin Na theory and techni&ue )ith the branches of
traditional Chinese medicine kno)n as tui na ($ as )ell as the use of offensive and defensive
&igong as an ad/unct of Chin Na training in some styles.