2013 Project Lead The Way,

Inc.
PBS Project 6.1.1 Student Response Sheet Page 1



Part II: Annas Illnesses

Illnesses Effect on System (if applicable)

Diabetes Sickle Cell
Anemia
Heart Disease Urinary Tract
Infection
Cardiovascular









Water in the
blood stream
causes high
blood
pressure,
plaque builds
up in the
arteries,
creating high
blood pressure
(hypertension)
which could
lead to other
serious
conditions
such as a heart
attack or an
anyeursm.

The sickled
cells are
susceptible for
causing
blockages and
clots in the
blood vessels
and can lead
to strokes or
heart attacks.
Back flow in
the heart
chambers.
Cause the
heart to get
overworked
and worn out
quickly.
Patients can
get septic
shcok which
causes the
heart to
become tired
and worn and
causes a lack
of blood flow.
Digestive









Keytones can
build up in the
blood and can
cause diarehha
or vomiting
which can lead
to dehydration.
Bilirubin
gallstones -
sickle cells die
in 20 days;
liver breaks
down the
bilirubin; extra
bilirubin can
become a
gallstone in the
gallbladder


(bilirubin forms
bile)
The aorta
branches off
and supplies
most of the
blood to the
digestive tract.
If the supply of
oxygen-rich
blood flow to
the small
intestine or
colon is
blocked or
altered, the
digestive tract
cannot
function.




The
gsteriointestinal
tract serves as
a barrier so
when the septic
goes into shock
the digestive
system can
have extreme
pressure
placed on it.
2013 Project Lead The Way,

Inc.
PBS Project 6.1.1 Student Response Sheet Page 2

Immune









Bacterial and
fungal
infections
happes
because of
weight loss
and out of
control
diabetes which
could put a toll
on the immune
system.
Sickled cells
can block
vessels in the
Spleen and the
spleen can
swell up and fill
with blood, this
is called
splenic
sequestration.
The spleen is
one of the key
components of
the immune
system.
When
someone gets
an infection the
bodies natural
response is to
inflamate, but if
a person has
heart disease it
is harder for
the heart to
cause
inflammation
so the area
infected does
not get a better
blood flow like
it needs.
Increased
production of
lymphocytes (B
& T cells) and
antibodies
against the
bacteria;
Inflammatory
response (may
increase
additional UTI
and/or damage
to urinary tract
structures.
Nervous









Over time,
excess blood
glucose can
injure the walls
of tiny blood
vessels that
nourish nerves.

High Blood
sugar from
diabetes
makes an
increased risk
in the
damaging of
lining blood
vessels.

Loss of feeling
in extremeties
could lead to
amputations.
When blocks
occur in vessel
throughout the
body nerves
often get
damaged.
Clots in the
brain can lead
to strokes.
Blockages in
different parts
of blood
vessels, such
as in the brain,
can lead to
strokes.
If the nervers to
the sphincter
muscles are
damaged, the
muscles may
become loose
and allow
leakage or stay
tight when
trying to pee.

Or the nerves
in the bladder
can trick the
brain into
thinking it is full
all the time.



Respiratory









One of the
symptoms of
keyatones is
shortness of
breath
because there
is a shortage of
red blood cells.
If the kidney
starts to fail
Sickled cells
are misshaped
red blood cells
and they cant
carry as much
oxygen around
the body as
well as normal
red blood cells
can.
When the
heart doesnt
work properly it
causes lack of
blood flow to
the whole body
which means
lack of oxygen
to the whole
body.
If the kidneys
are infected
they could lack
at their job of
cleaning the
blood and
when the blood
travels through
the hear and
the lungs the
2013 Project Lead The Way,

Inc.
PBS Project 6.1.1 Student Response Sheet Page 3

shortness of
breath is very
common.
blood will not
be able to
collect the
required
amount of
oxygen that is
needed for the
body.
Urinary









Keytones build
up in the blood,
common with
type 1
diabetes.
The urinary
track is a
typical place
where a
sickled crisis
occurs.
Extreme pain
and urinary
tract infections
often occur
amoung
sickled celled
patients
because of
clots in the
blood at that
specific point.
When heart
disease
causes a lack
of blood flow to
the kidneys,
they quickly
decline in
doing a good
job.
Painful when
urinating.
Damage to the
urinary tract.

Sources Used:
1. http://www.diabetes.co.uk/body/respiratory-system.html
2. http://www.patient.co.uk/health/Sickle-Cell-Disease-and-Sickle-Cell-
Anaemia.htm
3. http://www.ehow.com/how-does_5006038_artery-disease-affect-digestive-
system.html
4. http://www.medicinenet.com/nerve_disease_and_bladder_control/article.ht
m
5.