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1
1
V
IR
= 100
100
1
x
V
IR
Now
100
1
x
V
IR
represents the voltage drop in both conductors expressed as a
percentage of the voltage at the sending end. It is known as percentage drop.
%
= 100 % drop
In the present case! total drop is 10 volt which expressed as percentage beco"es
#10$%&0' x 100 = ( %. )ence 100
E u$to
moment of um
9
E at actin# aume" E
be%on" !oa" &ho!e of moment
!
Is general the drop at any inter"ediate point is e-ual to the su" of various tapped
current up to that point plus the "o"ent of all the load current beyond that point assu"ed
to be acring at that point.
/he total drop over both conductors would! obviously! be twice the value
calculated above.
3#-#. $niform%& Loaded Distributor
In 1ig. 4&: is shown one conductor AB of a distributor fed at one A and
unifor"ly loaded with I a"peres per unit length. ;ny conventent unit of length "ay be
chosen i.e!% "etre or 10 "etres but us every such unit length! the load tapped is the sa"e.
)ence! let
I = current tapped off per unit length
I = total length of the distributor
r = resistance per unit length of the distributor
Now! let us find the voltage drop at appoint C #1ig.4&*' which is as a distance of
x units fro" fedding end A. /he current at point C is (rI ' rx) = r (I ' x).
<ossider x s"all section of length dx near point <. Its resistance is #r"x'. )ence!
drop over length dx is "r = i (I ' x)(r"x) = (iIr ' ixr)"x
/he total drop up to point x is given by intergrating the above -uantity between
propes li"its.
ambar
1ig.4&: 1ig.4&*
( )
=
r x
"x ixr iIr "r
0 0
v = iIrx
%
1
Ir x
%
ir
%
%
x
ix
/he drop at point B can be abtained by polting x = I in the above expression.
2rop at point B = ir
R x I IR
I x r x I x i irI I
I
%
1
%
1
%
' # ' #
% %
% %
%
= = = =