(.

ISBN
1

.
978-616-7790-18-3
2556
,
(.)
(..)
1168 . 22 . . 10900
. 02-511-4963 02-511-4962
www.thaitgri.org

(..) 5

1 60 30 2555
2 65 8 2555
3 28 2555
4 : 18

2555
5 55 60

19 2556

2556

: 60

1. :

2.

3. :

4.

5. :
:

1.

2.

3.
:

1.

2.

3.

4.
:

1.

2.

3. :

4. :

5. :

6.

1
3
6
13
15
17
20
22
25
26
31
39
40
40
46
46
48
50
52

1 100 50 (.. 2552) 4

2 .. 2543-2573 5
3
5
4
6

( 60 ) ( 65 ) .. 2553
5 /
11


6 OECD 12
7 OECD 18
8
28
9 2550
30
10 60 65
32
11 60 65 . 33
12
34
13
37
14
38
15 2553-2563 (10 )
42
16
49

2545-50
17
50

2550

1 3
2

.. 2553
2 (Total Fertility Rate, TFR)
3

.. 2517-19 - .. 2564
3 .. 2537-2553
3
4
10
5
18

OECD
6 21
7
22
8 () 15-59
23
9
24
10
24
11 2539 -2549
27
12
27

:
60
1. :

3-4
2543 - 2544 60
10
2 ( 1)

1

(1)
( 2)
4.9 1 2517-19 1.7 1 2548-49
1.6 2554

(2) 50

100
37 (2552) 73 ( 1)


13.2 2553 ( 3)
65.9
20 10 (.. 2564)

3

(1)

(2)

(3)

1 3 .. 2553
0-14

12.9

66.6

20.5

5.7

68.1

6.2

61.9

8.2

64.8

15-59

5.9

7.7

59.6

61.9

60

7.9

66.4

5.7

14.0

8.4

58.8
68.0
68.6

26.2

31.9

27.0

34.5

30.3

25.6

35.4
17.4

23.6

: Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United

Nations Secretariat. World Population Prospects : The 2010 Revision. (http://esa.un.org/

unpd/wpp/index.htm)

2 (Total Fertility Rate, TFR) .. 2517-19 - .. 2564

4.9

(TFR)
2.7
2.0

1.7

1.6

1.5

..
2517-19

2528-29

2538-39

2548-49

2554*

2564*

: . (SPC) .. 2517-19 - .. 2548-49

*.

.. 2553 - .. 2583

3 (60 ) .. 2537-2553

13.2

9.5

7.4
4.6

4.9

5.5

..
2503

2513

2523

2533

2543

2553

: .. 2503 - .. 2553 .

2.

2.1
50

100 37 73 ( 1)
70
80 ( 2)


60


2546 - 2547 93.1
97.9 92.3 77.6
5.9 0.8 0.2
( 3)
1 100 50 (.. 2552)

: / 1 Prasartkul and Rakchananyaban (2002)

/ 2 Rungpitarangsi (1974)

/ 3

2 2543 - 2573

60-64

2543
34.0

2553
32.7

2563
34.4

2573
28.5

65-69

26.4

24.9

25.5

25.3

70-74

18.6

19.5

17.5

20.4

75-79

10.8

12.8

11.6

13.6

80

10.1

100.0

10.0
100.0

11.0
100.0

12.1
100.0

: 2543-2573 ()

, 2550

60-64

()

60-69

97.9

1.8

0.2

0.1

70-79

92.3

7.0

0.6

0.1

80

77.6

93.1

18.3
5.9

3.5
0.8

0.6
0.2

: 2543-2573 ()

, 2550

50 50 60

60

2
60 65
2.5 67.4
71.3
100 11.1
17.5
100
48.3 40.2 ( 4)
4 ( 60 )

( 65 ) .. 2553

60
65

()

()

( 15 )

13.2

20.7

13.2

20.7

42.9

67.4

45.4

71.3

7.5

11.8

5.1

7.9

63.7

100.0

63.7

100.0

17.5

11.1

48.3

40.2

: .. 2548-2568

3. :

3.1

60
.. 2546

60
65

(Elderly) (United
Nations: UN)
60


65
60 60 5
6 12 3


5 3

(1)

(2)

(Functional Age)
(Physical Aging) (Psychological
Aging) (Physical
Appearance) (Health Status)
(Functioning)

(3)

(Social
Status and Social Role)

(4)





(5)


(Remaining Life Expectancy)


(Vulnerability) (Hardship)



(Biological Age)
(Sociological Age) (Calendar Age, Chronological Age)

3.2

4

(

)













.. ()

13-19

15-30

30-50


60


5 6


2


2-3


4-10


11-17


18-40


50

3.3

3 (-)
( ) ()

( 4)



( A)
( B)

(Chronological Age) 30
30
1

55
60

Active Aging
60

30
60
10 60-65 5
4
Early Life
Growth and
development

Older Age
Maintaining independence
and preventing disability

Adult Life
Maintaining highest
possible level of function

Range

of fun

ction in

individ

uals

Disability threshold
Rehabilitation and
the quality or life

Source : Kalache and Kirkbusch, 1997, reproduced in Swedish National Institute of Public Health (SNIPH).

2007. Healthy Ageing: a Challenge for Europe, Brussels [Stockholm], www.healthyageing.nu

3.4

(Official Retirement Age)




.. 2494
60 60

10

70
65

55

( 5) ...

(Effective Retirement Age)

(Pensionable Age) (
)


50
5 /

/
/

()

60

55
50-60 ()

/
( )

)
(

)

: , (2551 )

11

6 OECD

12

Effective
Official

Effective Official

Australia

64.8

65

62.9

64

Austria

58.9

65

57.5

60

Belgium

59.1

65

59.1

65

Canada

63.4

65

62.2

65

Chile

66.9

65

66.3

60

Czech Republic

62.0

62

59.0

59

Denmark

64.4

65

61.9

65

Estonia

66.2

63

63.4

61

Finland

61.8

65

61.4

65

France

59.1

60

59.7

60

Germany

61.8

65

60.5

65

Greece

61.9

65

59.6

60

Hungary

60.0

62

58.9

62

Iceland

69.7

67

65.4

67

Ireland

63.3

66

63.7

66

Israel

67.4

67

63.7

62

Italy

61.1

65

58.7

60

Japan

69.7

64

67.3

62

Korea

70.3

60

69.8

60

Luxembourg

57.3

65

58.0

65

Mexico

72.2

65

69.5

65

Netherlands

62.1

65

62.6

65

New Zealand

67.1

65

65.0

65

Norway

64.7

67

64.5

67

Effective
Official

Effective Official

Poland

61.7

65

58.5

60

Portugal

67.0

65

63.6

65

Slovak Republic

59.9

62

56.2

62

Slovenia

62.0

63

59.2

61

Spain

61.8

65

63.4

65

Sweden

66.0

65

63.6

65

Switzerland

65.7

65

63.5

64

Turkey

62.8

60

68.3

58

United Kingdom

64.3

65

62.1

60

United States

65.5

65.8

64.8

65.8

OECD-34 average

63.9

64.4

62.5

63.0

: Homepage OECD

OECD 2004-2009
(Official Retirement Age) OECD
58 67
60 67 64.4
58 67 63 ( 6)

4. 3

60


60

13

2 (.. 2034 - 2072)
.. 2061
18 - 60

1 60 70

5 (.. 2411 - 2453)
118 (.. 2443) 60
... 60


5 .. 2446
50
50
40 55
.. 120 (.. 2445) 60
.. 2494 9


.. 2496 .
(
) .. 2536

3 2535

3 - 5 200

2541 300

14

.. 2546 .. 2546


2552
..2552 .. 2546
19 2552
500
2555
60 - 69 600 70 - 79
700 80 - 89 800 90 1,000

5. :

()

15

.

60




60-64









60 62
Loyalty

16

:
1.

(Global Aging)

30 5
2.7

75 - 80

OECD .. 2050
7 GDP 15.8
23 GDP

6







OECD
65 ( 7 5)

17

7 OECD
()

()

2535

2549

2535 2549 2548-2553

65

65

65

65

65

65

65

65

65

61

65 ()

2548-2553

2548

75.2

80.6

12.3

65

78.2

83.1

13.1

60

62.5

78.5

83.4

13.1

65

61

65

77.7

82.0

12.2

67

65

67

65

75.5

80.1

15.1

60

60

60

60

76.6

83.5

16.3

63

65

60

65

76.4

82.1

18.8

65

65

60

60

76.7

81.2

16.1

60

65

58

65

79.1

86.4

19.7

60

65

58

65

79.1

86.4

19.7

55

55

55

55

77.6

81.3

4.4

55

55

55

55

71.9

76.5

8.5

: Disney (2001) OECD

5 OECD

18

(
)

( 2551) 7
60 65 2551
11,646 ( 2551-2555)
31.7 5


( , 2551) 65


4

) 70
65

(..) 9

2572 17
..
60
62-64

19

2.

66

2.6

( 6)

.. 2553
14.6 24.1
60 11.5
1.9
10 1 4
50 10
60 55

55


( 7)

20

-
-

-

-
2.6


-


-

-

-

:
11 :

21

7
.. 2544, 2549 2554
5.6

6.8

7.7

12.5

14.6

17.7

22.0

24.6
25.1

27.4

27.4

25.4

27.4

23.1

21.1

5.4

3.8

3.2

: ( 1)
.. 2553
3.5

1.9%

3.5%

12.5%

11.5%
16.7%

22.8%

28.3%

31.0%

20.0%
26.4%

21.8%

: ( 3)

3.

()
2545 2549 ( 8)

()
15-39
40-44
5.7 50-54 10.5
55-59 36.5

22

() 59 84.3
60 (
) ( 9)




55
55 ( 10)



60




60 65

) 15-59
8

(
)(
15-59

80.0

77.2

60.0
40.0
22.8
20.0

15.0
4.3

0.0

2.4

1.0

0.0
-1.9

-3.6

-4.8

-20.0
-40.0

-5.7

-7.0

-9.4

-9.0

-10.5

-10.5

-11.6
-36.5

15-19

20-24

25-29

30-34

35-39

40-44

45-49

50-54

55-59

()

: ()

(
)()

:
10, 2545 2549
()

: 10 , 2545 2549 23

16.00

16.00

60

60

14.00

14.00

12.00

10.00

8.00

12.00

6.00

10.00

4.00

2.00

8.00
-

6.00
4.00

10

2.00

10

50.00

50.00

45.00

45.00

40.00

40.00

35.00
30.00

10

35.00
30.00

25.00

25.00

20.00

20.00

15.00

15.00

25

10.00
5.00

10.00
-

5.00

24

:
1.

60


.. 2550 306

70

( .. 2491) 60
2551 61 2552 60 2552
62 2554 60 2553 63 2556
.. 2500 60 2560 70
2570

..

25

2.

(.. 2539-49)
2544 ( 11
12)

26

11 2539 - 2549
2539

16,101
( 4.40)

365,725
( 100.00)

2549
6,514
( 1.78)

6,206
( 1.69)

1,632
( 0.45)

2,480
( 0.68)

3,563
( 0.97)

5,690
( 1.55)

287
( 0.08)

365,083
( 100.00)

3,128
( 0.86)

87
( 0.02)
511
( 0.14)

1,032
( 0.28)

: 10,

, TDRI .. (.), 2553

12

4.00

2539 - 2550

2.00
0.00
-2.00
-4.00

25
50

25
49

25
48

25
47

25
46

25
45

25
44

25
43

25
42

25
41

25
40

-6.00

: 10,

, TDRI .. (.), 2553.

27

10


()

20 C7

( 8)

1.8
1.7 9


( 9)
8

21-30

21-30

21-30

21-30

21-35

21-35

21-35

21-35

28

21-30

21-30

21-30

21-35

21-30

21-30

21-35

21-35
21-35

X
X

21-35
21-40

21-35

: 10,

, TDRI .. (.), 2553.

29

9 2550

2550

1,132

0.61

723

0.41

632

0.69

3,692

1.98

4,467

2.56

1,682

1.83

144

0.08

270

0.15

11

0.01

556

0.3

42

0.05

3,064

1.64

643

0.37

1,945

2.12

38,972

20.88

2,096

1.2

25,792

28.1

12,910

6.92

2,879

1.65

2,725

2.97

9,262

4.96

1,697

0.97

15,016 16.36

198

0.11

12

0.01

1,158

1.26

373

0.2

81

0.05

740

0.81

767

0.41

639

0.37

478

0.52

6,263

3.36

5,402

3.1

2,393

2.61

2,012

1.08

63

0.04

5,535

6.03

1,966

1.05

1,023

0.59

1,360

1.48

816

0.44

773

0.44

371

0.4

229

0.12

130

0.07

108

0.12

57,908

31.02

66,382

38.08

29,265 31.89

40,051

21.46

85,060

48.8

1,872

2.04

1,392

0.75

392

0.22

193

0.21

4,956

2.66

1,571

0.9

462

0.5

186,663

100

174,309

100

91,780

100

: 10,

, TDRI .. (.), 2553.

30

3.

3.1 7
( 2551)

()
60 65 () 55-59
84.3 10.9
10,813 2551-2555
() 11,646 2551 - 2555
( 10)



60

60 2551 - 2555
1.2 - 1.4 1.8 -3.4

(.)
65
2551 - 2555 5 3.44
2551 - 2555 13.2
5 16.64
( 11)


12

(1)


(2)

(3)

(..)

31

(4) /

/

(5) /


10 60 65

60 65

59 ( 2551-2555)

15,867

15,867

59
( 2551-2555)

2,491

14,137

11,646

. 59
( 2551-2555)

14,735

14,735

. 59
( 2551-2555)

2,313

13,126

10,813

: / . 59 84.3

/ . 59 10.9
:
, (2551).

.

32

11 60 65 .
2551

2552

2553

2554

2555

.(1)+(2)

233.5

463.6

691.2

916.9

1,141.7

3,446.9

(1)
()

145.9

289.8

432.0

573.1

713.5

2,154.3

- ()

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

- ()

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

-
50-59 1 (/)

22,494

23,619

24,800

26,040

27,342

- . 59
2 ()

10,813

10,813

10,813

10,813

10,813

1,179

2,229

3,164

3,998

10,813

20,447

29,032

36,680

43,495

(2) . (
)

87.6

173.9

259.2

343.8

428.1

- ()

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

(3)-(4)

2,568.5

2,621.4

2,656.8

2,676.8

2,683.1

13,206.6

(3) ++
4 ()

2,568.5

2,942.1

3,346.6

3,784.2

4,257.3

16,898.7

11

12

13

14

15

320.7

689.8

1,107.5

1,574.1

3,692.1

3,085.0

3,348.0

3,593.7

3,824.8

16,653.4

-
3 ()
-
()

- ()
(4) +

()
.

(1)+(2)+(3)+(4)

2,802.0

1,292.6

: 1 50-59 2549 5

2 . 59

3 10.9

4. . 2540

: , (2551). .

33

12

1.

11,646 2551-2555
0.6 2.0

1. 60 1.

2. 2.
.
23,300 2551-2555

2.

3. 3. 3. (
. 1,990
)

1 2
4. 4. 5 4.
6,400

5. 5.
6,400
(
)
6. 6.

7.

8.

: , (2551). .

34

3.2 8
. (2551)






1) ..
65
65


60 65
65

55

55
65
(Early Retirement)

2) ..
70






Senior Part-time Staff (
)

35

3)

4)
55


65

5)





60

6)

36

(Early Retirement)

7)

8)



9)

13

65
4

(Professional)

65 70
65

65
55

: , (2551)

37

3.3 1


.. 2550



Focus Group

1) 4

1 (Optional Type)

2 (Special Optional Type)


3 (Early Optional Type)

4 (Inefficient Service Type)



2) ( 14)
14

1.
1.1

1.2
2.
3. /
4.
()

38

()

60

60
55 - 60
55 - 70

50 - 55
(55 - 65)

4.

60




1) 65

/
55

70

2)
55

3)

55 2


4)


.. 2550 20 60 70
1

39

1.

60

55
60

2.

10
( 15) 12

- 2555 40,000
5
10 .. 2563 185,000

- 100,000
40

-
60,000

40

- 54,000

300,000

41

42

457,000

500,000

539,000

577,000

611,000

617,000

617,000

642,000

2553

2554

2555

2556

2557

2558

Total
5 yrs

2563
(10 )

185,000

160,000

6,000

34,000

38,000

39,000

43,000

457,000

()

74,000

74,000

19,980

17,280

64,000

64,000

648

3,672

4,104

4,212

4,644

49,356

6,660

5,760

216

1,224

1,368

1,404

1,548

20

5,760

216

1,224

1,368

1,404

1,548

16,542

33,300

6,660

28,800

16,542

20

60

&

33,300

28,800

1,080

6,120

6,840

7,020

7,740

82,260

60

8,325

7,200

270

1,530

1,710

1,755

1,935

20,565

15

55,500

8,325

48,000

7,200

270

1,530

1,710

1,755

1,935

20,565

15

&

30

. (%)

5,550

4,800

180

1,020

1,140

1,170

1,290

13,710

10

18

. (%)

2,400

13,600

15,200

15,600

17,200

182,800

40

.3, .6
(%)

4,440

3,840

144

816

912

936

1,032

10,968

20

3,330

2,880

108

612

684

702

774

8,226

15

22,200

1,110

19,200

960

36

204

228

234

258

2,742

&

12

(%)

2553-2563 (10 )

15 2553-2563 (10 )

6,660

5,760

216

1,224

1,368

1,404

1,548

16,452

30

6,660

5,760

216

1,224

1,368

1,404

1,548

16,452

30

185,000

185,000

160,000

160,000

6,000

34,000

38,000

39,000

43,000

457,000

367,061

376,237

385,643

395,284

405,165

415,294

415,294

469,865

2553

2554

2555

2556

2557

2558

Total
5 yrs

2563
(10 )

102,804

48,233

10,129

9,881

9,641

9,406

9,176

367,061

()

71,963

10,280

5,140

2,570

71,963

2,412
4,823

1,206

33,763

506

494

482

470

459

33,763

253

247

241

235

299

18,353

50

25
9,177

2,570

1,206

253

247

241

235

229

9,177

25

2,570

1,206

253

247

241

235

229

9,177

25

10,280

5,140

4,823

2,412

506

494

482

470

459

18,353

50

&

&

10

. (%)

10

. (%)

7,090

6,917

6,749

6,584

6,423

256,943

70

.3, .6
(%)

2,570

1,206

253

247

241

235

229

9,177

25

2,570

1,206

253

247

241

235

229

9,177

25

2553-2563 (10 )

10,280

5,140

4,823

2,412

506

494

482

470

459

18,353

50

&

2,570

1,206

253

247

241

235

229

9,177

25

10

(%)

102,804

102,804

48,233

48,233

10,129

9,881

9,641

9,406

9,176

367,061

43

44

215,575

220,964

226,488

232,150

237,954

243,903

243,903

275,953

2553

2554

2555

2556

2557

2558

Total
5 yrs

2563
(10 )

60,378

28,328

5,949

5,804

5,662

5,524

5,389

215,575

()

42,265

42,265

2,838

1,331

19,830

19,830

280

273

266

260

253

10,132

1,328

623

131

128

125

122

119

4,743

22

47

6,038

2,833
1,087

510

107

104

102

99

97

3,880

18

&

785

368

77

75

74

72

70

2,802

13

1,811

850

178

174

170

166

162

6,467

30

1,087

510

107

104

102

99

97

3,880

18

6,038

2,657

2,833

1,246

262

255

249

243

237

9,485

44

&

10

. (%)

483

227

48

46

45

44

43

1,725

10

. (%)

4,164

4,063

3,963

3,867

3,772

150,903

70

.3, .6
(%)

1,449

680

143

139

136

133

129

5,174

24

1,328

623

131

128

125

122

119

4,743

22

6,038

1,570

2,833

737

155

151

147

144

140

5,605

26

&

10

(%)

2553-2563 (10 )

1,268

595

125

122

119

116

113

4,527

21

423

198

42

41

40

39

38

1,509

60,378

60,378

28,328

28,328

5,949

5,804

5,662

5,524

5,389

215,575

252,573

261,287

269,988

282,839

296,246

306,674

306,674

2553

2554

2555

2556

2557

2558

Total
5 yrs

3.52

4.74

4.76

3.33

3.45

(%)

54,101

10,428

13,407

12,851

8,701

8,714

252,573

18,935

1,559
8,088

3,650

2,004

1,921

1,301

1,303

37,760

1,244

240

308

296

200

200

5,809

10

65

12,443

1,866

360

463

443

300

301

8,714

15

&

1,244

240

308

296

200

200

5,809

10

4,382

845

1,086

1,041

705

706

20,458

30

4,382

845

1,086

1,041

705

706

20,458

30

14,607

1,461

282

362

347

235

235

6,819

10

&

27

. (%)

23

18,935

4,692

4,498

3,045

3,050

88,401

35

. (%)

4,382

845

1,086

1,041

705

706

20,458

30

2,029

391

503

482

326

327

9,471

25

2,029

391

503

482

326

327

9,471

25

8,115

1,217

235

302

289

196

196

5,683

15

&

15

(%)

: ,12 :

2563
(10 )

()

.3, .6
(%)

812

156

201

193

131

131

3,789

10

2,029

391

503

482

326

327

9,471

25

Jig Fixture Tooling

2553-2563 (10 )

54,101

54,101

10,428

13,407

12,851

8,701

8,714

252,573

100

45

3. :

20-30















60

55
55 60

30

4. :

40-45

46

55

2
60
55
55 60
60 65 70

OECD 2000


60 65 55 60

2
55
80 25


55 56

55
180
20 60 1
12 180
2557

47

2588 5
7

55 60

5. :

(.. 2551)

13

(1)

60 33.3


(2)

(3)
43
40 54

48

2545-2550
( 83)

2 ( 37
) (
16)

( 60)
( 40)

( 17)



16 2545-50

//

2545 2550
38.0
4.1
0.5
18.2
21.4
84.5
11.4

37.8
5.4
24.4
31.7
23.3
82.7
11.0

60-69 70+
50.2 20.1
6.2
4.2
17.7 34.0
33.7 29.0
30.0 13.7
79.0 87.9
9.7 12.9

2550

51.0 27.2
8.5
2.9
23.1 25.5
33.8 30.1
24.8 22.1
79.5 85.3
9.5
12.3

28.7 41.4
12.2
2.6
14.1 28.6
36.8 29.7
20.3 24.5
77.6 84.8
11.0 11.1

: Knodel, J., Chayovan, N., and Prachuabmoh, V. Impact of Population Change on Well-Being of Elderly in Thailand.

United Nations Population Fund, Thailand, 2011.

49

17 2550

60-69

70+

1.6

1.4

1.9

1.8

1.4

2.7

1.2

56.5

54.7

59.0

56.0

56.8

67.5

52.1

20.7

22.5

18.3

20.9

20.6

15.1

23.0

21.2

21.4

20.9

21.3

21.1

14.7

23.8

: Knodel, John and Napaporn Chayovan. Population Ageing and The Well-Being of Older Persons in Thailand:

Past trends, current situation and future challenges. Papers in Population Ageing No. 5, Bangkok: UNFPA

Thailand and Asia and the Pacific Regional Office., 2008.

6.

.. 2533
55 60
(1) (2)
(3)

(1)

(2) 2

50

(3) 70

( 4)

51

1. (..).
. .. 2554. 7-28.
2. . 2553. .
(). 2553:
.
372. 1. : .
3. .
28 2555, 1
. (..).
4. . 60 30
2555, 1 .
(..).
5. . 60 30 2555,
1 .
(..).
6. , ..
. 2550.
7. ,
. . 2551.
8. , ,
, ..2551.
9. 15 - 21 .. 2555.
10. , .
65 6 2555
.
(..)

52

11. , .
:
18 2555 .
(..).
12. , .
:
18 2555 .
(..).
13. .
. . 2551.

53

54

54

55