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Quetiapine

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Quetiapine
Quetiapine
Systematic (IUPAC) name
2-(2-(4-dibenzo[b,f][1,4]thiazepine- 11-yl- 1-piperazinyl)ethoxy)ethanol
Clinical data
Trade names Seroquel
AHFS/Drugs.com
monograph
[1]
MedlinePlus
a698019
[2]
Licence data
USFDA:link
[3]
Pregnancy cat. B3 (AU) C (US)
Legal status Prescription Only (S4) (AU) POM (UK) -only (US)
Routes Oral
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability 100%
Protein binding 83%
Metabolism Hepatic via CYP3A4-catalysed sulfoxidation to its active metabolite norquetiapine (N-desalkylquetiapine)
Half-life 7 hours (parent compound); 9-12 hours (active metabolite, norquetiapine)
Excretion Renal (73%), faeces (20%)
Identifiers
CAS number
111974-69-7
[4]

ATC code
N05AH04
[5]
Quetiapine
2
PubChem
CID 5002
[6]
IUPHAR ligand
50
[7]
DrugBank
DB01224
[8]
ChemSpider
4827
[9]

UNII
BGL0JSY5SI
[10]

KEGG
D08456
[11]

ChEBI
CHEBI:8707
[12]

ChEMBL
CHEMBL716
[13]

Chemical data
Formula C
21
H
25
N
3
O
2
S
Mol. mass 383.5099 g/mol
Physical data
Solubility in water 3.29mg/mL (20C)
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[14]
Quetiapine (/kwta.pin/ kwi-TY--peen) (branded as Seroquel, Xeroquel, Ketipinor) is a short-acting atypical
antipsychotic approved for the treatment of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and along with an antidepressant to treat
major depressive disorder.
Annual sales are approximately $5.7 billion worldwide, with $2.9 billion in the United States. The U.S. patent,
which was set to expire in 2011, received a pediatric exclusivity extension which pushed its expiration to March 26,
2012. The patent has already expired in Canada. Quetiapine was developed by AstraZeneca from 1992-1996 as an
improvement from first generation antipsychotics. It was first approved by the FDA in 1997. There are now several
generic versions of quetiapine, such as Quepin, Syquel and Ketipinor.
Medical uses
Quetiapine (Seroquel) 25 mg tablets, next to US
one-cent coin for comparison.
Quetiapine fumarate is primarily used to treat schizophrenia or bipolar
disorder.
Schizophrenia
There is tentative evidence of the benefit of quetiapine versus placebo
in schizophrenia; however, definitive conclusions are not possible due
to the high rate of attrition in trials (greater than 50%) and the lack of
data on economic outcomes, social functioning, or quality of life.
It is debatable whether, as a class, typical or atypical antipsychotics are
more effective. Both have equal drop-out and symptom relapse rates
when typicals are used at low to moderate dosages. While quetiapine has lower rates of extrapyramidal side effects,
there is greater sleepiness and rates of dry mouth.
Quetiapine
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Seroquel XR 150 mg tablet box
Bipolar disorder
In those with bipolar disorder, quetiapine is used to treat depressive
episodes, acute manic episodes associated with bipolar I disorder (as
either monotherapy or adjunct therapy to lithium, valproate or
lamotrigine), and maintenance treatment of bipolar I disorder (as
adjunct therapy to lithium or divalproex).
[15]
Major depressive disorder
Quetiapine is effective when used by itself and when used along with
other medications in major depressive disorder (MDD).
[16]
However,
sedation is often an undesirable side effect.
In the US, the UK and Australia (in this indication it isn't covered by the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme),
quetiapine is licensed for use as an adjunct in the treatment of MDD.
Alzheimer's disease
Quetiapine does not decrease agitation among people with Alzheimer's, whose usage of the drug once constituted
29% of sales. Quetiapine worsens intellectual functioning in the elderly with dementia and therefore is not
recommended.
Other
The use of low doses of quetiapine for insomnia, while common, is not recommended; there is little evidence of
benefit and concerns regarding adverse effects.
It is sometimes used off-label, often as an augmentation agent, to treat conditions such as Tourette syndrome,
musical hallucinations
[17]
and anxiety disorders.
Quetiapine and clozapine are the most widely used medications for the treatment of Parkinson's disease psychosis
due to their very low extrapyramidal side effect liability. Owing to the risks associated with clozapine (e.g.
agranulocytosis, diabetes mellitus, etc.), clinicians often attempt treatment with quetiapine first, although the
evidence to support quetiapine's use for this indication is significantly weaker than that of clozapine.
Adverse effects
Sources for incidence lists:
[]
Very common (>10% incidence) adverse effects
Dry mouth
Dizziness
Headache
Somnolence (drowsiness; of 15 antipsychotics quetiapine causes the 5th most sedation. Extended release (XR)
formulations tend to produce less sedation, dose-by-dose than the immediate release formulations)
Common (1-10% incidence) adverse effects
High blood pressure
Orthostatic hypotension
High pulse rate
High blood cholesterol
Elevated serum triglycerides
Quetiapine
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Abdominal pain
Constipation
Increased appetite
Vomiting
Increased liver enzymes
Backache
Asthenia
Insomnia
Lethargy
Tremor
Agitation
Nasal congestion
Pharyngitis
Fatigue
Pain
Dyspepsia (Indigestion)
Peripheral oedema
Dysphagia
Extrapyramidal disease quetiapine and clozapine are noted for their relative lack of extrapyramidal side effects
Weight gain SMD 0.43kg when compared to placebo. Produces roughly as much weight gain as risperidone,
less weight gain than clozapine, olanzapine and zotepine and more weight gain than ziprasidone,lurasidone,
aripiprazole and asenapine. As with many other atypical antipsychotics this action is likely due to its actions at the
H
1
histamine receptor and 5-HT2C receptor.
Rare (<1% incidence) adverse effects
Prolonged QT interval (had an odds ratio for prolonging the QT interval over placebo of 0.17)
Sudden cardiac death
Syncope
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Restless legs syndrome
Hyponatraemia, low blood sodium.
Jaundice, yellowing of the eyes, skin and mucous membranes due to an impaired ability of the body to clear
bilirubin, a by product of haem breakdown.
Pancreatitis, pancreas swelling.
Agranulocytosis, a potentially fatal drop in white blood cell count.
Leukopenia, a drop in white blood cell count, not as severe as agranulocytosis.
Neutropenia, a drop in neutrophils, the cell of the immune cells that defends the body against bacterial infections.
Eosinophilia
Anaphylaxis, a potentially fatal allergic reaction.
Seizure
Hypothyroidism, underactive thyroid gland.
Myocarditis, swelling of the myocardium.
Cardiomyopathy
Hepatitis, swelling of the liver.
Suicidal ideation
Priapism. A prolonged and painful erection.
Stevens-Johnson syndrome. A potentially fatal skin reaction.
Quetiapine
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Neuroleptic malignant syndrome a rare and potentially fatal complication of antipsychotic drug treatment. It is
characterised by the following symptoms: tremor, rigidity, hyperthermia, tachycardia, mental status changes (e.g.
confusion), etc.
Tardive Dyskinesia. A rare and often irreversible neurological condition characterised by involuntary movements
of the face, tongue, lips and rest of the body. Most commonly occurs after prolonged treatment with
antipsychotics. It is believed to be particularly uncommon with atypical antipsychotics, especially quetiapine and
clozapine
There is an emerging controversy regarding quetiapine fatalities. The deaths of at least six U.S. military veterans
who were given drug cocktails including quetiapine have been attributed to its inclusion by military doctors to treat
PTSD. Approximately 10,000 lawsuits against AstraZeneca for problems ranging from slurred speech and chronic
insomnia to death have been filed by individuals from civilian populations.
It is marketed as one of the most sedating of all anti-psychotics, although those claims are contested. Beginning users
may feel extremely tired and 'out of it' for the first few days, and sometimes longer. Quetiapine's newest indication,
for bipolar depression, usually specifically calls for the entire dose to be taken before bedtime due to its sedative
effects. The sedative effects may disappear after some time on the drug, or with a change of dosage, and with
possibly different, non-sedative side-effects emerging.
Both typical and atypical antipsychotics can cause tardive dyskinesia. According to one study, rates are lower with
the atypicals at 3.9% as opposed to the typicals at 5.5%. Although Quetiapine and Clozapine are atypical
antipsychotics, switching to these atypicals is an option to minimize symptoms of tardive dyskinesia caused by other
atypicals.
Weight gain can be a problem for some, with quetiapine causing more weight gain than fluphenazine, haloperidol,
loxapine, molindone, olanzapine, pimozide, risperidone, thioridazine, thiothixene, trifluoperazine, and ziprasidone,
but less than chlorpromazine, clozapine, perphenazine, and sertindole.
[18]
Studies conducted on beagles have resulted in the formation of cataracts. While there are reports of cataracts
occurring in humans, controlled studies including thousands of patients have not demonstrated a clear causal
association between quetiapine therapy and this side-effect.Wikipedia:Citation needed However, the Seroquel
website
[19]
still recommends users have eye examinations every six months.
As with some other anti-psychotics, quetiapine may lower the seizure threshold,
[20]
and should be taken with caution
in combination with drugs such as bupropion.
A recent comparative study of anti-psychotics drugs has found that quetiapine mono treatment was associated with
increased risk of death relative to the other analyzed treatments (but still better than no anti-psychotics drug
treatment at all).
Discontinuation
Quetiapine should be discontinued gradually, with careful consideration from the prescribing doctor, to avoid
withdrawal symptoms or relapse.
The British National Formulary recommends a gradual withdrawal when discontinuing anti-psychotic treatment to
avoid acute withdrawal syndrome or rapid relapse. Due to compensatory changes at dopamine, serotonin, adrenergic
and histamine receptor sites in the central nervous system, withdrawal symptoms can occur during abrupt or
over-rapid reduction in dosage. However, despite increasing demand for safe and effective antipsychotic withdrawal
protocols or dose-reduction schedules, no specific guidelines with proven safety and efficacy are currently available.
Withdrawal symptoms reported to occur after discontinuation of antipsychotics include nausea, emesis,
lightheadedness, diaphoresis, dyskinesia, orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, insomnia, nervousness, dizziness,
headache, excessive non-stop crying, and anxiety. According to Eli Lilly internal documents, discontinuation of
atypical neuroleptics similar to seroquel can also cause psoriasis, gingivitis and other inflammatory conditions,
Quetiapine
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dyspepsia, headache, high blood sugar and other health conditions unrelated to psychiatric condition.[21][22] Some
have argued that additional somatic and psychiatric symptoms associated with dopaminergic super-sensitivity,
including dyskinesia and acute psychosis, are common features of withdrawal in individuals treated with
neuroleptics. This has led some to suggest that the withdrawal process might itself be psychosis-mimetic, producing
psychotic-like symptoms even in previously healthy patients, indicating a possible pharmacological origin of mental
illness in a yet unknown percentage of patients currently and previously treated with antipsychotics. This question is
unresolved, and remains a highly controversial issue among professionals in the medical and mental health
communities, as well the public.
Overdosage
Most instances of acute overdosage result only in sedation, hypotension and tachycardia, but cardiac arrythmia,
coma and death have occurred in adults. Serum or plasma quetiapine concentrations are usually in the 110mg/L
range in overdose survivors, while postmortem blood levels of 1025mg/L are generally observed in fatal cases.
[23]
Pregnancy and lactation
Placental exposure is least for quetiapine compared to other atypical antipsychotics. The evidence is insufficient to
rule out any risk to the foetus but available data suggests it is unlikely to result in any major foetal malformations. It
is secreted in breast milk and hence quetiapine-treated mothers are advised not to breastfeed.
Pharmacology
Comparison of affinities (Ki, nM)
[24][25][26]
Receptor Quetiapine (Cloned human receptors) Norquetiapine (Cloned human receptors)
D
1
994.5 99.8 (Rat receptor)
D
2
379 196
D
3
340 -
D
4
2019 -
5-HT
1A
394.2 45
5-HT
2A
118 48
5-HT
2C
1843 107
5-HT
6
948.75 -
5-HT
7
307 76

1A
22 144

1B
14.6 46.4 (Rat receptor)

2A
3630 237

2C
28.85 -
H
1
6.9 3.5
H
2
41.24 -
M
1
489 38.3 (Rat receptor)
M
3
1631.5 -
NET >10000 12
Quetiapine
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Quetiapine has the following pharmacological actions:
D
1
(IC
50
= 1268nM), D
2
(IC
50
= 329nM), D
3
, and D
4
receptor antagonist
5-HT
1A
(IC
50
= 717nM) partial agonist, 5-HT
2A
(IC
50
= 148nM), 5-HT
2C
, and 5-HT
7
receptor antagonist

1
-adrenergic (IC
50
= 94nM) and
2
-adrenergic receptor (IC
50
= 271nM) antagonist
H
1
receptor (IC
50
= 30nM) antagonist
mACh receptor (IC
50
= >5000nM) antagonist
This means Quetiapine is a dopamine, serotonin, and adrenergic antagonist, and a potent antihistamine with
clinically negligible anticholinergic properties. Quetiapine binds strongly to serotonin receptors; the drug acts as
partial agonist at 5-HT
1A
receptors. Serial PET scans evaluating the D
2
receptor occupancy of quetiapine have
demonstrated that quetiapine very rapidly disassociates from the D
2
receptor. Theoretically, this allows for normal
physiological surges of dopamine to elicit normal effects in areas such as the nigrostriatal and tuberoinfundibular
pathways, thus minimizing the risk of side-effects such as pseudo-parkinsonism as well as elevations in prolactin.
Some of the antagonized receptors (serotonin, norepinephrine) are actually autoreceptors whose blockade tends to
increase the release of neurotransmitters.
Norquetiapine's 2D molecular structure
Norquetiapine's 3D molecular structure in ball
and stick format
Quetiapine
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Synthesis
The synthesis of quetiapine begins with a dibenzothiazepinone. The lactam is first treated with phosphoryl chloride
to produce a dibenzothiazepine. A nucleophilic substitution is used to introduce the sidechain.
[27]
Dosage
At very low doses, quetiapine acts primarily as a histamine receptor blocker (antihistamine) and
1
-adrenergic
blocker. When the dose is increased, quetiapine activates the adrenergic system and binds strongly to serotonin
receptors and autoreceptors. At high doses, quetiapine starts blocking significant amounts of dopamine receptors.
Use of low-dose quetiapine is not recommended except temporarily during drug titration period (less than 30
days).
[28]
Due to compensatory changes at dopamine, serotonin, adrenergic and histamine receptor sites in the central nervous
system, a gradual reduction in dosage is recommended to minimise or avoid withdrawal symptoms. Withdrawal
symptoms reported to occur after discontinuation of quetiapine include insomnia, nausea, emesis, lightheadedness,
diaphoresis, orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, as well as nervousness, dizziness, headache, and anxiety. The
present evidence suggests that these symptoms affect a small number of susceptible individuals treated with
quetiapine.
The British National Formulary recommends a gradual withdrawal when discontinuing antipsychotic treatment to
avoid acute withdrawal syndrome or rapid relapse.
Sustained-release
AstraZeneca submitted a new drug application for a sustained-release version of quetiapine in the United States,
Canada, and the European Union in the second half of 2006 for treatment of schizophrenia. AstraZeneca will retain
the exclusive right to market sustained-release quetiapine until 2017. The sustained-release quetiapine is marketed
mainly as Seroquel XR. Other marketing names are Seroquel Prolong, Seroquel Depot and Seroquel XL
On May 18, 2007, AstraZeneca announced that the U.S. FDA approved Seroquel XR for acute treatment of
schizophrenia. During its 2007 Q2 earnings conference, AstraZeneca announced plans to launch Seroquel XR in the
U.S. during August 2007. However, Seroquel XR has become available in U.S. pharmacies only after the FDA
approved Seroquel XR for use as maintenance treatment for schizophrenia, in addition to acute treatment of the
illness, on November 16, 2007. The company has not provided a reason for the delay of Seroquel XR's launch.
Health Canada approved sale of Seroquel XR on September 27, 2007.
[29]
The FDA approved Seroquel XR for the treatment of bipolar depression and bipolar mania in early October 2008.
According to AstraZeneca, Seroquel XR is "the first medication approved by the FDA for the once-daily acute
treatment of both depressive and manic episodes associated with bipolar."
On July 31, 2008, Handa Pharmaceuticals, based in Fremont, California, announced that its abbreviated new drug
application (ANDA) for quetiapine fumarate extended-release tablets, the generic version of AstraZenecas
SEROQUEL XR, has been accepted by the FDA.
Quetiapine
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On December 1, 2008, Biovail announced that the FDA had accepted the company's ANDA to market its own
version of sustained-release quetiapine. Biovail's sustained-release tablets will compete with AstraZeneca's Seroquel
XR.
On December 24, 2008, AstraZeneca notified shareholders that the FDA had asked for additional information on the
company's application to expand the use of sustained-release quetiapine for treatment of depression.
Society and culture
Regulatory status
In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved quetiapine for the treatment of
schizophrenia and of acute manic episodes associated with bipolar disorder (bipolar mania) and for treatment of
bipolar depression. In 2009, quetiapine XR was approved as adjunctive treatment of major depressive disorder.
Quetiapine received its initial indication from U.S. FDA for treatment of schizophrenia in 1997. In 2004, it received
its second indication for the treatment of mania-associated bipolar disorder. In 2007 and 2008, studies were
conducted on quetiapines efficacy in treating generalized anxiety disorder and major depression. In April 2009, the
Psychopharmacologic Drugs Advisory Committee of the FDA held a public meeting to discuss whether study results
supported the FDA's approval for anxiety and depression, with risks of metabolic side-effects and of tardive
dyskinesia and sudden cardiac death.
Lawsuits
In April 2010, AstraZeneca settled a longstanding U. S. Department of Justice investigation into its aggressive
marketing of Seroquel for such off-label uses with a $520-million fine. According to the Department of Justice, "the
company recruited doctors to serve as authors of articles that were ghostwritten by medical literature companies and
about studies the doctors in question did not conduct. AstraZeneca then used those studies and articles as the basis
for promotional messages about unapproved uses of Seroquel."
Multiple lawsuits have been filed in relation to quetiapine's side-effects, in particular, diabetes. In 2009, documents
unsealed in litigation against AstraZeneca indicated that Dr. Charles Schulz, Chair of the Department of Psychiatry
at the University of Minnesota and a consultant for AstraZeneca, had misrepresented the benefits of Seroquel in
research presentations and press releases.
Controversy
AstraZeneca has been sued by the U.S. government (resulting from a qui tam lawsuit filed by Stefan P. Kruszewski)
over the marketing of quetiapine. A $520-million settlement was reached on October 29, 2009.
In 2004, a young man named Dan Markingson committed suicide in a controversial Seroquel clinical trial at the
University of Minnesota while under an involuntary commitment order. A group of University of Minnesota
bioethicists charged that the trial involved an alarming number of ethical violations, but the university declined to
investigate. Quetiapine may have been a factor in the deaths of several US veterans who were taking large doses as
part of a cocktail of drugs for PTSD.WP:TOPIC
In Australia, Professor Patrick McGorry, a key mental-health advisor, proposed a trial in Melbourne in 2011. Its
purpose was to investigate whether Seroquel would decrease or delay the risk that people aged between 15 and 40
with early signs of mental illness, might develop a later psychotic disorder. However in July 2011, psychiatrists,
psychologists and researchers from Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Britain and the US lodged a complaint with the
ethics committee of Melbourne Health. They opposed the trial
[30]
as "unethical" and "dangerous".
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Recreational use
Quetiapine is not classified as a controlled substance; "abusive self-administration seems to be driven by quetiapines
sedative and anxiolytic effects (to help with sleep or to 'calm down') rather than by its antipsychotic properties."
Reports of quetiapine abuse have emerged in medical literature. In addition to oral administration, the drug is also
taken intranasally by snorting pulverized tablets (insufflation). There have been reports of intravenous abuse and
intravenous co-administration with cocaine as well. This is commonly referred to as a "Q-Ball". A 2004 letter to the
editor of the American Journal of Psychiatry provided an anecdotal estimate that up to 30% of inmates who were
seen for psychiatric services in the Los Angeles County Jail were faking psychotic symptoms in an attempt to obtain
quetiapine. Also known as "quell", "Snoozeberries", or "Susie-Q", the drug may be more commonly abused in
prisons due to its capacity to be regularly prescribed as a sedative and the unavailability in prison of more commonly
abused substances. A letter to the editor that appeared in the January 2007 American Journal of Psychiatry has
proposed a need for additional studies to explore the addiction-potential of quetiapine. The letter reports that its
authors are physicians who work in the Ohio correctional system. They report that prisoners ... have threatened legal
action and even suicide when presented with discontinuation of quetiapine and that they have not seen similar
drug-seeking behavior with other second-generation antipsychotics of comparable efficacy. It has also been reported
that when Seroquel is used with methadone, it causes the user to experience a buzz, or opioid euphoria.
Nurofen Plus tampering case
In August 2011, the UK's Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) issued a class-4 drug
alert following reports that some batches of Nurofen plus contained Seroquel XL instead.
Following the issue of the Class-4 Drug Alert, Reckitt Benckiser (UK) Ltd received further reports of rogue blister
strips in cartons of two additional batches of Nurofen Plus tablets. One of the new batches contained Seroquel XL
50mg tablets and one contained the Pfizer product Neurontin 100mg capsules.
Following discussions with the MHRA's Defective Medicines Report Centre (DMRC), Reckitt Benckiser (UK) Ltd
decided to recall all remaining unexpired stock of Nurofen Plus tablets in any pack size, leading to a Class-1 Drug
Alert. The contamination was later traced to in-store tampering by a customer.
References
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[11] http:/ / www.kegg. jp/ entry/ D08456
[12] https:/ / www.ebi.ac. uk/ chebi/ searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:8707
[13] https:/ / www.ebi.ac. uk/ chembldb/ index.php/ compound/ inspect/ CHEMBL716
[14] http:/ / en. wikipedia. org/ w/ index. php?title=Special:ComparePages& rev1=443404910& page2=Quetiapine
[15] [15] British National Formulary (BNF) 65. Pharmaceutical Pr; 2013. ISBN 978-0857110848
[16] Spielmans GI, Berman MI, Linardatos E, Rosenlicht NZ, Perry A, Tsai AC. Adjunctive Atypical Antipsychotic Treatment for Major
Depressive Disorder: A Meta-Analysis of Depression, Quality of Life, and Safety Outcomes. PLoS Med [Internet]. 2013 Mar 12 [cited 2013
Oct 9];10(3) e1001403. Available from: http:/ / dx.doi. org/ 10. 1371/ journal. pmed. 1001403
[17] [17] Oliver Sacks "Musicophilia" Knopf NY 2007 P.67
[18] Antipsychotic-Induced Weight Gain: A Comprehensive Research Synthesis (http:/ / altcancerweb. com/ bipolar/ weight-gain/
antipsychotic-induced-weight-gain-1999.pdf) Am J Psychiatry 1999;156:1686-1696.
Quetiapine
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[19] Seroquel website (http:/ / www. seroquel.com/ )
[20] Seroquel Prescribing Information (http:/ / www. astrazeneca-us. com/ cgi-bin/ az_pi. cgi?product=seroquel& country=us& popup=no)
[21] http:/ / nonpsychiatry. files. wordpress.com/ 2012/ 12/ 7-zy397116. pdf
[22] http:/ / nonpsychiatry. files. wordpress.com/ 2012/ 12/ 8-zy621218. pdf
[23] R. Baselt, Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in Man, 8th edition, Biomedical Publications, Foster City, CA, 2008, pp. 13551357.
[24] National Institute of Mental Health. PDSD Ki Database (Internet) [cited 2013 Sep 18]. Chapel Hill (NC): University of North Carolina.
1998-2013. Available from: http:/ / pdsp.med. unc.edu/ pdsp. php
[25] Jensen NH, Rodriguiz RM, Caron MG, Wetsel WC, Rothman RB, Roth BL. N-Desalkylquetiapine, a Potent Norepinephrine Reuptake
Inhibitor and Partial 5-HT1A Agonist, as a Putative Mediator of Quetiapines Antidepressant Activity. Neuropsychopharmacology [Internet].
2007 Dec 5 [cited 2013 Sep 18];33(10):230312. Available from: http:/ / www. nature. com/ npp/ journal/ v33/ n10/ full/ 1301646a. html
[26] Lpez-Muoz F, lamo C. Active metabolites as antidepressant drugs: the role of norquetiapine in the mechanism of action of quetiapine in
the treatment of mood disorders. Front Psychiatry [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2013 Sep 19];4:102. Available from: http:/ / www. frontiersin. org/
Neuropharmacology/ 10.3389/ fpsyt. 2013.00102/ abstract
[27] [27] Warawa, E. J.; Migler, B. M.; 1988, .
[28] Oregon State University Drug Use Evaluation: Low-Dose Quetiapine (Seroquel, Seroquel XR) PDF (http:/ / pharmacy. oregonstate. edu/
drug_policy/ sites/ default/ files/ pages/ dur_board/ evaluations/ articles/ seroquel_due. pdf)
[29] Notice of Compliance Information - Seroquel XR (http:/ / cpe0013211b4c6d-cm0014e88ee7a4. cpe. net. cable. rogers. com/ NocWeb/
viewnoce. jsp?noc=kilh) September 27, 2007, retrieved December 3, 2007
[30] Sydney Morning Herald (http:/ / www.smh. com.au/ national/ health/ mcgorry-aborts-teen-drug-trial-20110820-1j3k1. html)
External links
"Quetiapine" (http:/ / nlm. nih. gov/ medlineplus/ druginfo/ meds/ a698019. html). MedlinePlus. The American
Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. 2008-09-01.
NAMI summary (http:/ / www. nami. org/ Template. cfm?Section=About_Medications& template=/
ContentManagement/ ContentDisplay. cfm& ContentID=8190)
Internet Drug List summary (http:/ / www. rxlist. com/ cgi/ generic/ quetiap_ids. htm)
Compound #1802: Quetiapine (http:/ / chembank. broad. harvard. edu/ compounds/ display.
html?compound_id=1802& sets=bioactive& realm=bioactives) ChemBank
Intranasal Quetiapine Abuse (http:/ / ajp. psychiatryonline. org/ cgi/ content/ full/ 161/ 9/ 1718)
U.S. National Library of Medicine: Drug Information Portal - Quetiapine (http:/ / druginfo. nlm. nih. gov/
drugportal/ dpdirect. jsp?name=Quetiapine)
Seroquel Adverse Events Reported to the FDA (http:/ / www. drugcite. com?q=SEROQUEL)
Australian Public Assessment Report for Quetiapine (as fumarate) (http:/ / www. tga. gov. au/ pdf/ auspar/
auspar-seroquel. pdf)
Article Sources and Contributors
12
Article Sources and Contributors
Quetiapine Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=604978307 Contributors: 00AgentBond93, Aarondaniel652, Adamantios, AdjustShift, Agjchs, Agrunt007, Ahc, Alanmcleod,
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Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors
File:Quetiapine2DACS.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Quetiapine2DACS.svg License: Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0 Contributors: Fuse809
File:Quetiapine3DanBS.gif Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Quetiapine3DanBS.gif License: Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0 Contributors: Fuse809
File:Yes check.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Yes_check.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: Anomie
File:Seroquel-25mg.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Seroquel-25mg.jpg License: Public Domain Contributors: Elbreapoly
File:SeroquelXR150.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:SeroquelXR150.jpg License: Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0 Contributors: Fuse809
File:Norquetiapine2DACS.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Norquetiapine2DACS.svg License: Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0 Contributors: Fuse809
File:Norquetiapine3Dan.gif Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Norquetiapine3Dan.gif License: Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0 Contributors: Fuse809
File:Quetiapine syn.png Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Quetiapine_syn.png License: Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0 Contributors: Yid (talk). Original
uploader was Yid at en.wikipedia. Later version(s) were uploaded by Aschwole at en.wikipedia.
License
Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0
//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/

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