respectively.

In biological contexts, essentially all biological macromoleculesi

.e., proteins (polyamides), nucleic
acids (polynucleotides), and polysaccharidesare purely polymeric, or are composed
in
large part of polymeric componentse.g., isoprenylated/lipid-modified
glycoproteins, where small lipidic molecule and oligosaccharide modific
h includes polymer chemistry and polymer physics). Historically, products arisin
g from the linkage of repeating units by covalent chemical bonds have berubber a
nd the polystyrene of styrofoam are examples of polymeric naturalence, and polym
er science (which inclue of styrofoam are examples of polymeric naturalence, and
polymer science (which includes polymer chemistry and polymer physics). Histori
cally, products arising from the linkage of repeating units by covalent chemical
bonds have berubber and the polystyrene of styrofoam are examples of polymeric
naturalence, and polymer science (which inclue of styrofoam are examples of poly
meric naturalence, and polymer science (which includes polymer chemistry and pol
ymer physics). Historically, products arising from the linkage of repeating unit
s by covalent chemical bonds have berubber and the polystyrene of styrofoam are
examples of polymeric naturalence, and polymer science (which inclue of styrofoa
m are examples of polymeric naturalence, and polymer science (which includes pol
ymer chemistry and polymer physics). Historically, products arising from the lin
kage of repeating units by covalent chemical bonds have berubber and the polysty
rene of styrofoam are examples of polymeric naturalence, and polymer science (wh
ich inclunce, and polymer science (which includes polymer chemistry and polymer
physics). Historically, products arising from the linkage of repeating units by
covalent chemical bonds have berubber and the polystyrene of styrofoam are examp
les of polymeric naturalence, and polymer science (which includes polymer chemis
try and polymer physics). Historically, products arising from the linkage of rep
eating units by covalent chemical bonds have berubber and the polystyrene of sty
rofoam are examples of polymeric naturalence, and polymer science (which include
s polymer chemistry and polymer physics). Historically, products arising from th
e linkage of repeating units by covalent chemical bonds have berubber and the po
lystyrene of styrofoam are examples of polymeric naturalence, and polymer scienc
e (which includes polymer chemistry and polymer physics). Historically, products
arising from the linkage of repeating units by covalent chemical bonds have bes
polymer chemistry and polymer physics). Historicalence, and polymer science (wh
ich includes polymer chemistry and polymer physics). Historically, products aris
ing from the linkage of repeating units by covalent chemical bonds have been the
primary focus of polymer science; emerging important areas of the science now f
ocus on non-covalent links. Polyisoprene of latex rubber and the polystyrene of
styrofoam are examples of polymeric naturalence, and polymer science (which incl
udes polymer chemistry and polymer physics). Historically, products arisinamples
of polymeric naturalence, and polymer science (which includes polymer chemistry
and polymer physics). Historically, products arising from the linkage of repeat
ing units by covalent chemical bonds have bes polymer chemistry and polymer phys
ics). Historicalence, and polymer science (which includes polymer chemistry and
polymer physics). Historically, products arising from the linkage of repeating u
nits by covalent chemical bonds have been the primary focus of polymer science;
emerging important areas of the science now focus on non-covalent links. Polyiso
prene of latex rubber and the polystyrene of styrofoam are examples of polymeric
naturalence, and polymer science (which includes polymer chemistry and polymer
physics). Historically, products arising from the linkage of repeating units by
covalent chemical bonds have been the primary focus of polymer science; emerging
important areas of the science now focus on non-covalent links. Polyisoprene of
latex rubber and the polystyrene of styrofoam are examples of polymeric natural
ence, and polymer science (which includes polymer chemistry and polymer physics)
. Historically, products arising from the linkage of repeating units by covalent
chemical bonds have been the primary focus of polymer science; emerging importa
nt areas of the science now focus on non-covalent links. Polyisoprene of latex r
ubber and the polystyrene of styrofoam are examples of polymeric naturalence, an
d polymer science (which includes polymer chemistry and polymer physics). Histor
ically, products arising from the linkage of repeating units by covalent chemica
l bonds have been the primary focus of polymer science; emerging important areas
of the science now focus on non-covalent links. Polyisoprene of latex rubber an
d the polystyrene of styrofoam are examples of polymeric naturally, products ari
sing from the linkage of repeating units by covalent chemical bonds have been th
e primary focus of polymer science; emerging important areas of the science now
focus on non-covalent links. Polyisoprene of latex rubber and the polystyrene of
styrofoam are examples of polymeric naudes polymer chemistry and polymer physic
s). Historically, products arising from the linkage of repeating units by covale
nt chemical bonds have been the primary focus of polymer science; emerging impor
tant areas of the science now focus on non-covalent links. Polyisoprene of latex
rubber and the polystyrene of styrofoam are examples of polymeric naudes polyme
r chemistry and polymer physics). Historically, products arising from the linkag
e of repeating units by covalent chemical bonds have been the primary focus of p
olymer science; emerging important areas of the science now focus on non-covalen
t links. Polyisoprene of latex rubber and the polystyrene of styrofoam are examp
les of polymeric nach includes polymer chemistry and polymer physics). Historica
lly, products arising from the linkage of repeating units by covalent chemical b
onds have been thular mass and attendant properties.[6] The units composing poly
mers derive, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular
mass.[7] The term was coined in 1mers as covalently bonded macromolecular struct
ures was proposed in 1920 by Hermann Staudinger, who spent the next decade findi
ng experimental evidence for this hypothesis.[10]
Polymers are studied in the fields of biophysics and macromolecular science, and
polymer science (whi833 by Jns Jacob Berzelius, though with a definition distinc
t from the modern IUPAC definition.[8][9] The modern concept of polymers as cova
lently bonded macromolecular structures was proposed in 1920 by Hermann Stauding
er, who spent the next decade finding experimental evidence for this hypothesis.
[10]
Polymers are studied in the fields of biophysics and macromolecular science, and
polymer science (which includes polymer chemistry and polymer physics). Histori
cally, products arising from the linkage of repeating units by covalent chemical
bonds have been the primary focus of polymer science; emerging important areas
of the science now focus on non-covalent links. Polyisoprene of latex rubber and
the polystyrene of styrofoam are examples of polymeric natural/biological and s
ynthetic polymers, respectively. In biological contexts, essentially all biologi
cal macromoleculesi.e.
IUPAC definition
Substance composed of macromolecules.
Note: Applicable to substance macromolecular in nature like cross-linked
systems that can be considered as one macromolecule.
A polymer (/'p?l?m?r/[2][3]) (poly-, "many" + -mer, "parts") is a large molecule
, or macromolecule, composed of many repeated subunits, known as monomers. Becau
se of their broad range of properties,[4] both synthetic and natural polymers pl
ay an essential and ubiquitous role in everyday life.[5] Polymers range from fam
iliar synthetic plastics such as polystyrene to natural biopolymers such as DNA
and proteins that are fundamental to biological structure and function. Polymers
, both natural and synthetic, are created via polymerization of many monomers. T
heir consequently large molecular mass relative to small molecule compounds prod
uces unique physical properties, including toughness, viscoelasticity, and a ten
dency to form glasses and semicrystalline structures rather than crystals.
The term "polymer" derives from the ancient Greek word p???? (polus, meaning "ma
ny, much") and ???? (meros, meaning "parts"), and refers to a molecule whose stru
cture is composed of multiple repeating units, from which originates a character
istic of high relative molecular mass and attendant properties.[6] The units com
posing polymers derive, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative
molecular mass.[7] The term was coined in 1833 by Jns Jacob Berzelius, though wi
th a definition distinct from the modern IUPAC definition.[8][9] The modern conc
ept of polymers as covalently bonded macromolecular structures was proposed in 1
920 by Hermann Staudinger, who spent the next decade finding experimental eviden
ce for this hypothesis.[10]
Polymers are studied in the fields of biophysics and macromolecular science, and
polymer science (which includes polymer chemistry and polymer physics). Histori
cally, products arising from the linkage of repeating units by covalent chemical
bonds have been the primary focus of polymer science; emerging important areas
of the science now focus on non-covalent links. Polyisoprene of latex rubber and
the polystyrene of styrofoam are examples of polymeric natural/biological and s
ynthetic polymers, respectively. In biological contexts, essentially all biologi
cal macromoleculesi.e., proteins (polyamides), nucleic acids (polynucleotides), a
nd polysaccharidesare purely polymeric, or are composed in large part of polymeri
c componentse.g., isoprenylated/lipid-modified glycoproteins, where small lipidic
molecule and oligosaccharide modifications occur on the polyamide backbone of t
he protein.[11]