ME-FFL, Assignment 2

Mikkel H. Jensen
January 14, 2010
5.12, 5.77, 5.88
1
1 Assignment 5.12
A desktop computer is to be cooled by a fan whose ot rate is

V = 0.34 m
3
min
1
.
Determine the mass ow rate of air through the fan at an elevation of 3400 m
where the air density is = 0.7 kg m
3
. Also, if the average velocity of air is
not to exceed 110 mmin
1
, determine the diameter of the casing of the fan.
Figure 1: Sketch of problem 5.12
Known variables:

V = 0.34 m
3
min
1
, = 0.7 kg m
3
,
The mass ow rate is simply the product of density and volume ow rate
m =

V (0.238 kg min
1
)
The mass ow rate can be related to the area by
m = Av
Where v is the velocity of the air. If we expand and isolate for D
m = (
D
2
4
)v D =

4 m
v
2 Assignment 5.45
A Pressurised tank of water has a 10-cm-diameter orice at the bottem, where
water discharges to the atmosphere. The water level is 3m above the outlet.
The tank air pressure above the water level is 300 kPa (absolute) while the
atmospheric pressure is 100 kPa. Neglecting frictional eects, determine the
initial discharge rate of water from the tank.
2
Figure 2: Sketch of problem 5.45
Known variables: h = 3 m, D
2
= 0.1 m,
w
= 1000 kg m
3
and g = 9.82 ms
2
Since we neglect frictional eects, we can rely on energy conservation and hence
write Bernoullis Equation for the system
1
2
v
2
+ gz + P = 0
Since the water velocity at the top is very slow compared to the bottom, we
make the following approximation
v
2
>> v
1
v v
2
Isolating for v
2
v
2
=

gz +
P

Using mass conservation

V = v
2
A
2
= A
2

gz +
P

(0.169 m
3
s
1
)
Where P is simply the dierence in air pressure (200 kPa)
3 Assignment 5.77
Water ows at a rate of 0.035 m
3
s
1
in a horizontal pipe whose diameter is
reduced from 0.15m to 0.08m by a reducer. If the pressure at the centreline is
measured to be 470 kPa and 440 kPa before and after the reducer, respectively,
determine the irreversible head loss in the reducer. Take the kinetic energy
correction factor to be 1.05
3
Figure 3: Sketch of problem 5.77
Using Bernoullis Equation with no dierence in gravitational energy, and a
kinetic energy correction factor to be = 1.05
1
2
v
2
+ P = c
Where c is the net energy dierence and must therefore be the energy loss
between the two locations.
Using conservation of mass we have
A
1
v
1
= A
2
v
2

V = A
1
v
1
= A
2
v
2
v
1
=

V
A
1
v
2
=

V
A
2
Revisiting Bernoullis Equation and expanding the velocity term
1
2

V
A
1

V
A
2

+ P = c
1
2

4V
D
2
1

4V
D
2
2

+ P = c (0.64 m)
4