1.

Nutrition
Taking in of food
(Feeding
Feeding)
 Gain energy
 Materials needed to
Characteristics of Life make living matter
(protoplasm
protoplasm) of the body
Biology: An Introduction

2 Types of Nutrition…
Nutrition… 2 Types of Nutrition…
Nutrition…
Autotrophic nutrition Heterotrophic nutrition
 Take in simple inorganic  Feed on organic matter
raw materials to make  Can be:
their own food (organic) • Herbivores
 Requires energy source
• Carnivores
 Photosynthesis:
Photosynthesis Light • Omnivores
energy converted to • Saprophytes
chemical energy in food • Parasites

1. Nutrition 2. Respiration
Includes Ingestion, Digestion, Absorption, Breakdown of food substances by
Assimilation, Egestion oxidation to release energy
Occurs in all living cells
Internal (tissue/cellular) respiration
Glucose + Oxygen

Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy

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 2. Respiration
External Respiration:
 Exchange of gases between
the environment & body cells
(Gaseous
Gaseous exchange)
exchange
3. Growth
Result of Nutrition
Conversion of
absorbed food into
protoplasm
 Repair of worn out cells
 Adding to original living
matter (increase in size)
4. Excretion
Waste products are
produced during
metabolic reactions in
living cells
Removal of metabolic
waste products
 Useless/harmful
Specialised organs for the
removal of substances like
urea and carbon dioxide
2. Respiration
Breathing:
 Inhalation: Movement of
air into the lungs
 Exhalation: Movement of
air out of the lungs
3. Growth
Usually increase in mass
and volume of
organism.
May increase in
complexity or change
in form
4. Excretion
How do plants remove
carbon dioxide?
Egestion/Defecation:
Egestion/Defecation:
 Removal of undigested,
unabsorbed matter
 Not the same as
excretion!
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 5. Movement
Locomotion:
 Whole organism moves
from one place to
another in a directed
and controlled way
For animals:
 Movements usually for
obtaining food, finding
mates or escaping from
predators
6. Sensitivity (Irritability)
Ability to detect and
respond to changes in
the environment
 Detect stimulus
 Produce response
8. Reproduction
Production of offspring of
the same type/species
Ensure continual survival
of the species
5. Movement
For plants:
 No locomotion as
they are fixed to the
ground
 Slow movements of
certain body parts
 Example:
Phototropism
7. Adaptability
Ability to adjust and
adapt to changes in the
environment
Increases chance of
survival
 Higher chance of
mating and reproducing
 Leave behind offspring
8. Reproduction
Passing down of genetic information
from one generation to the next
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8. Reproduction

Excretion Sensitivity
Nutrition Growth

characteristics of LiFE A Summary

Reproduction Adaptability
Locomotion Respiration