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FIG 1 Explanation
According to many explanations about principle of operation of electrical transformers what could be said for sure is that:
When there is A current in primary coil!winding "wrapped around magnetic core# $ariable magnetic field is %floating& within the core
When this magnetic field penetrates the secondary coil it induces E'F "$oltage difference# in secondary coil(
If we connect load ")*# to the both ends of the secondary coil+ there will be a current whose magnetic field direction will be opposite to the
direction of magnetic field of the current in primary coil ",en- law#(
'y assumptions are that in this case "transformer under load conditions# the magnetic fields from primary and secondary coils!windings will
%tra$el their paths& from .orth pole to the /outh pole of the windings!coils as it shown on figure 1(
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FIG * Explanation
If we add some magnetic field shunt + then according to one of the properties of the magnetic fields "It goes from north to south through the
path!-one with the least total permeability# then the magnetic fields from primary and secondary coils!windings will go!tra$el from north to south
through!$ia magnetic shunt(
Initially "in case with the magnetic shunt# almost all the magnetic field from primary winding goes ONLY through the secondary coil!winding
(The shunt initially is shielded and almost no, or small fraction of the magnetic field from primary coil
passes through the shunt)
where it induces $oltage difference and then after counteracting with the magnetic field from the secondary coil winding + together with the
magnetic field from secondary coil winding it passes through the shunt on its way to the south pole(
The magnetic field within the shunt is greater than the magnetic field from primary winding and the magnetic field from from
secondary winding
!(shunt) " !(primary winding) ,
!(shunt) " !(secondary winding) ! stands for magnetic field
/o basically the magnetic field from primary coil induces emf"$oltage difference# in the secondary coil and then "together with the magnetic field
from the current in the secondary coil# passes through the magnetic shunt on its way to the south pole(
If we wrap a third coil!winding around the shunt+ we could further utili-e the energy of the magnetic field "after it has been utili-ed once in the
secondary coil!winding#(
#n other words+ after the magnetic field from primary coil induces emf and current in secondary winding+ then goes through the shunt + where it
could induce emf and current again "it could be utili-ed second time!again!further#(
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It gets even better. The amount/strength of magnetic field through the shunt is greater than the strength of magnetic field from primary coil
or the strength of magnetic field from secondary coil . All that magnetic field in the shunt could be used to induce emf and current in coil
wrapped around the shunt (third winding) again.
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FIG 0 Explanation
)ms stands for root mean s1uare $alue of the $oltage and the current(
Lets assume that R2 = R3.
As a result it should be something li2e Pprimary ' Psecondary3Pthird+ where
Pprimary Power input in the system and
Psecondary3Pthird Power output of the system(
4r more generally said the Power consumed in the primary winding "the power that is put in the system# shuld be less than the sum of the
(ower ,coming out from secondarycoil)winding and the (ower ,coming out from third coil)winding(
In case of simple resistors as load the Pprimary ' Psecondary3Pthird could became something li2e:
51rms(I1 rms ' 5* rms(I* rms * 50 rms(I0 rms +
where +1 is input $oltage+
+2 is the $oltage drop on secondary resistor ")*#+
+3 is $oltage drop on third resistor ")0#(
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!#./ $ 4ther suitable configurations for magnetic core with shunt are shown on fig/ $+ where the coil!winding with current
I0+$oltage 50 and load!resistor )0 is around the shunt( The shunt coil)winding is the one, whose 0oth ends are connected
to resistor)load 13/
/imple explanation on FIG(6 is as follows:
The de2ices li3e those on !#. $4, !#. $5 and !#. $6 could 0e o0tained from simple three phase transformer , when remo2ing the
secondary)output winding)coil on each phase and ma3e a proper cut for the air7gap/
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Lets ta3e a loo3 at !#./ $5/
4lmost entire magnetic flu:)field from primary coil)winding goes only through the secondary coil)winding/ ;ery small part of the
magnetic field goes through the third coil)winding , so in case of e<ual num0er of turns for secondary and third coil)windind the
induced 2oltage in secondary coil)winding is significantly greater than the induced 2oltage in third coil)winding/
+2""+3, where in case of ideal transformer (no flu: lea3age losses, no core losses, no other losses) +1=+2*+3, 5ecause the
magnetic field from primary coil)winding is e<ual to the sum of magnetic fields passing through secondary and third coil)winding/
Or for short > !1=!2*!3
#n case of (e<ual))(same 0y 2alue) resistors 12 and 13, the currents through the secondary and third coils)windings will 0e different ,
where the current in secondary coil)winding will 0e significantly greater compared to the current in third coil)winding ,
#2""#3 0ecause the induced 2oltage in secondary coil)winding is significantly greater than third induced 2oltage
+2""+3/
Or for short >
agnetic field from primary coil)winding (!)
!(primary coil)winding) = !(secondary coil)winding)*!(third coil)winding) or for short !1=!2*!3, !2""!3 hence !1 ?
!2
;oltages
+1 = +2*+3, 0ut +2""+3 and hence +1?+2/
@urrents
+2""+3 A 12=13 =" #2""#3 (0ecause #2=+2)12 and #3 = +3)13)/
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4s a result of induced currents in secondary and third coils)windings there will 0e induced magnetic fields from secondary and third
coils)windings (!induced2 and !induced3) which oppose the !2 and !3 (!2 is opposite to !induced2 and !3 is opposite
to !induced3) where since MF2>>MF3 therefore MFinduced2>>MFinduced3/
To 2isualiBe the mentioned a0out !#. $5 so far please see the !#. % (;iBimag To 2isualiBe the mentioned a0out !#. $5 so far please see the !#. % (;iBimag
software simulation)/ software simulation)/
Co +( to this moment
we ha2e defined >
DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
DD
7 the ratio of 2oltages (+1=+2*+3, +2""+3), currents (#2""#3), inducing magnetic fields(!inducing2""!inducing3,
!inducing1 ? !inducing2) and induced magnetic fields (!induced2""!induced3) for secondary and third coils)windings
DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
DDDDDDDDDDDDD
7 The !induced2 is counteracting)opposing)against !inducing2
and the !induced3 is opposing)counteracting)against !inducing3
DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
DDDDDDDDDDDDD
The <uestion is what will happen further)ne:t/ The <uestion is what will happen further)ne:t/
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#nducing agnetic
field
#nduced agnetic
field opposing the
inducing magnetic
field (The num0er of
arrows represents
the strength of
magnetic field)
!#./ %/