- Noises made by animals as they were being hunted Yo-he-ho Theory (physical exertion) - Noises made by humans as they engaged in physical exertion Pooh-pooh Theory (everyday life) - Instinctive noises that humans make in the course of everyday life Mama Theory - Easiest syllables attached to the most significant objects Ta-ta Theory - Language may have derived from gestures Ding-dong Theory (sound symbolism) - Mysterious correspondence between sounds and meaning Sing-song Theory - Languages comes out of play, laughter, cooing, etc Hey You! Theory (contract theory) - Language began as sounds to signal both identity Hocus Pocus Theory - Magical sounds Eureka! Theory - Arbitrary sounds to mean certain things Divine source - Provides humans with language Natural-sound source - Primitive words - Original sounds of language came from the natural cries of emotion Oral gesture source - Link between physical gesture and orally produced sounds Glossogenetics - Biological basis of the formation and development of human language Physical adaptation Interaction and transactions Interaction- how humans use language to interact with each other (socially/emotionally) Transactions- humans use their linguistic abilities to communicate knowledge, skills and information
Male in origin Michael Hallidays Functions of Language Instrumental function (I WANT FUNCTION) - Language serves to manipulate the environment, to cause certain events to happen - Communicative acts bring about a particular condition Regulatory function (DO THIS/THAT) - Language controls events - Regulation of encounters among people Representational function (IVE GOT SOMETHING TO TELL YOU) - The use of language to make statements, convey facts and knowledge; to represent reality Interactional function (ME&YOU) - To ensure social maintenance Phatic communion- communicative contact between and among human -allow to establish social contact and to keep channels of communication open Personal function (WATCH ME/ HERE I COME) - Allows a speaker to express feelings, emotions, personality, gut-level reactions - Persons individuality Heuristic function (TELL ME WHY) - Used to acquire knowledge, to learn about the environment Imaginative function (LETS PRETEND) - Serves to create imaginary systems or ideas