RF Calculators

Select a calculator tab at the bottom of this page for assistance with your radio frequency (RF) needs.
Calculators available include Power, VSWR & Return Loss, Frequency & Wavelength,
Attenuation, irectivity, Cable Loss, !as"ing #$$ect,
Field Strength, Free S%ace Loss and !etric Conversions&
Power Calculator
#nter %ower and select units to deter'ine equivalent values&
Enter 100.000 1
Power = 100.000 dBm
Power = 10,000,000,000,000,000,000.000 Picowatts (pW)
Power = 10,000,000,000,000,000.000 Nanowatts (nW)
Power = 10,000,000,000,000.000 Microwatts (uW)
Power = 10,000,000,000.000 Milliwatts (mW)
Power = 10,000,000.000 Watts (W)
Power = 10,000.000 Kilowatts (kW)
( "W ) (,*** W ( W ) (,*** 'W ) (,***,*** uW
( W ) (,***,***,*** nW ) (,***,***,***,*** %W
Power +d,'- ) (* . Log / Power +Watts- 0 1 2* d,
dBm
VSWR & Return Loss Calculator
#nter $orward and re$lected %ower or 'atch to deter'ine equivalent values&
Enter Forward Power 100.00 Watts Enter 1.00 1
Enter !e"lected Power #.00 Watts = 1.00 $%W!
&alculates $%W! 1.0 = '1(.)*) !eturn +oss (dB)
&alculates !eturn +oss '1(.), dB = )-.000 Matc. /""icienc0 (1)
&alculates Matc. /""icienc0 )-.00 1 = 0.200 !.o
&alculates !.o 0.20
Enter Power 0.00 Watts VSWR ) Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
&alculates Power #-.)) dBm P$ ) Forward Power +Watts-
Pr ) Re$lected Power +Watts-
Enter Power #*.00 dBm VSWR ) /(1Sqrt+Pr 3 P$-0 3 /(4Sqrt+Pr 3 P$-0
&alculates Power 0.12 Watts Return Loss +d,- ) (* . Log + Pr 3 P$ -
!atch #$$iciency +5- ) (**5 . +( 4 Pr 3 P$-
Power +d,'- ) (* . Log / Power +Watts- 0 1 2* d, Rho ) Sqrt + Pr 3 P$ -
VSWR
Frequency & Wavelength Calculator
#nter $requency or wavelength and select units to deter'ine equivalent values&
Enter 10.000 2
Fre3uenc0 = 10,000.000 Kilo.ert4 (k54)
Fre3uenc0 = 10.000 Me6a.ert4 (M54)
Fre3uenc0 = 0.10 7i6a.ert4 (754)
Wa8elen6t. = 2.000 Meters (m)
Wa8elen6t. = 200.000 &entimeters (cm)
Wa8elen6t. = -.-2 Feet ("t)
Wa8elen6t. = *,.*#0 9nc.es (in)
( !67 ) (,*** "67 ( 867 ) (,*** !67
Wavelength +!eters- ) 2** 3 Frequency +!67-
Megahertz (MHz)
Attenuation Calculator
#nter %ower or attenuation to deter'ine values&
Enter 9nput Power 0.00 Watts Enter 9nput Power 0.00 Watts
Enter :utput Power 2.00 Watts Enter ;ttenuation (.00 dB
&alculates 9nput Power #-.)) dBm &alculates 9nput Power #-.)) dBm
&alculates :utput Power #(.), dBm &alculates :utput Power #(.)) dBm
&alculates ;ttenuation (.01 dB &alculates :utput Power 2.0- Watts
Enter Power 0.00 Watts Enter :utput Power 2.00 Watts
&alculates Power #-.)) dBm Enter ;ttenuation (.00 dB
&alculates :utput Power #(.), dBm
Enter Power #*.00 dBm &alculates 9nput Power #-.), dBm
&alculates Power 0.12 Watts &alculates 9nput Power #).,, Watts
9ut%ut Power +d,'- ) :n%ut Power +d,'- 4 Attenuation +d,-
Power +d,'- ) (* . Log / Power +Watts- 0 1 2* d,
Directivity Error Calculator
#nter directivity, $orward %ower and re$lected %ower to deter'ine directivity errors&

Enter <irecti8it0 o" &oupler (0.000 dB irectivity is a 'easure o$ the ability o$ a
Enter Forward Power 100.000 Watts directional cou%ler to discern between the
Enter !e"lected Power #.000 Watts $orward and re$lected traveling wave in a
&alculates Forward Power Minimum ),.*() Watts trans'ission syste'&
&alculates Forward Power Ma=imum 101.2-) Watts
&alculates Forward Power Min /rror '1.2-1 1 Power 'eters, antenna 'onitors and
&alculates Forward Power Ma= /rror 1.2-) 1 analy7ers are cou%ler based test
&alculates !e"lected Power Minimum 2.,( Watts equi%'ent which are used to 'easure
&alculates !e"lected Power Ma=imum .(- Watts $orward and re$lected %ower as well as
&alculates !e"lected Power Min /rror '2).12( 1 VSWR and return loss&
&alculates !e"lected Power Ma= /rror (#.12( 1
&alculates $%W! Minimum 1.#02 irectivity errors result in 'easure'ents
&alculates $%W! 1.00 which 'ay vary between 'a.i'u' and
&alculates $%W! Ma=imum 1.-0, 'ini'u' values&
&alculates !eturn +oss Minimum '1.2) dB
&alculates !eturn +oss '1(.)*) dB
&alculates !eturn +oss Ma=imum '12.-#) dB
;he $ollowing is a ste%4by4ste% %rocedure to calculate the results which are dis%layed above<
7i8en <irecti8it0 o" &oupler (0.000 dB ir ) irectivity o$ Cou%ler
7i8en Forward Power 100.000 Watts P$ ) Forward Power
7i8en !e"lected Power #.000 Watts Pr ) Re$lected Power
&alculates <irecti8it0 Power !atio 1,000 irectivity Power Ratio ) (* = +ir 3 (*-
&alculates <irecti8it0 Forward Power 0.00# Watts P$d ) Pr 3 irectivity Power Ratio
&alculates <irecti8it0 !e"lected Power 0.100 Watts Prd ) P$ 3 irectivity Power Ratio
&alculates Forward $olta6e *0.*11 $olts V$ ) Sqrt +P$ . >* 9h's-
&alculates !e"lected $olta6e 1#.1#2 $olts Vr ) Sqrt +Pr . >* 9h's-
&alculates <irecti8it0 Forward $olta6e 0.##* $olts V$d ) Sqrt +P$d . >* 9h's-
&alculates <irecti8it0 !e"lected $olta6e 2.2(- $olts Vrd ) Sqrt +Prd . >* 9h's-
?ote, voltage vectors add when in %hase or subtract when (@* degrees out o$ %hase with each other
&alculates Forward $olta6e Minimum *0.2-( $olts V$ +!in- ) V$ 4 V$d
&alculates Forward $olta6e Ma=imum *1.1, $olts V$ +!a.- ) V$ 1 V$d
&alculates !e"lected $olta6e Minimum 11.)0- $olts Vr +!in- ) Vr 4 Vrd +or * i$ Vrd A Vr-
&alculates !e"lected $olta6e Ma=imum 1-.(*, $olts Vr +!a.- ) Vr 1 Vrd
&alculates Forward Power Minimum ),.*() Watts P$ +!in- ) +V$ +!in- = B- 3 >* 9h's
&alculates Forward Power Min /rror '1.2-1 1 #rror ) (**5 . +P$ +!in- 4 P$- 3 P$
&alculates Forward Power Ma=imum 101.2-) Watts P$ +!a.- ) +V$ +!a.- = B- 3 >* 9h's
&alculates Forward Power Ma= /rror 1.2-) 1 #rror ) (**5 . +P$ +!a.- 4 P$- 3 P$
&alculates !e"lected Power Minimum 2.,( Watts Pr +!in- ) +Vr +!in- = B- 3 >* 9h's
&alculates !e"lected Power Min /rror '2).12( 1 #rror ) (**5 . +Pr +!in- 4 Pr- 3 Pr
&alculates !e"lected Power Ma=imum .(- Watts Pr +!a.- ) +Vr +!a.- = B- 3 >* 9h's
&alculates !e"lected Power Ma= /rror (#.12( 1 #rror ) (**5 . +Pr +!a.- 4 Pr- 3 Pr
&alculates !.o Minimum 0.1-* Rho +!in- ) Sqrt +Pr +!in- 3 P$ +!a.--
&alculates !.o 0.200 Rho ) Sqrt +Pr 3 P$-
&alculates !.o Ma=imum 0.2(( Rho +!a.- ) Sqrt +Pr +!a.- 3 P$ +!in--
&alculates $%W! Minimum 1.#02 VSWR +!in- ) +( 1 Rho +!in-- 3 +( 4 Rho +!in--
&alculates $%W! 1.00 VSWR ) +( 1 Rho- 3 +( 4 Rho-
&alculates $%W! Ma=imum 1.-0, VSWR +!a.- ) +( 1 Rho +!a.-- 3 +( 4 Rho +!a.--
&alculates !eturn +oss Minimum '1.2) dB Return Loss +!in- ) (* . Log +Pr +!in- 3 P$ +!a.--
&alculates !eturn +oss '1(.)*) dB Return Loss ) (* . Log + Pr 3 P$ -
&alculates !eturn +oss Ma=imum '12.-#) dB Return Loss +!a.- ) (* . Log +Pr +!a.- 3 P$ +!in--
Cable Loss Calculator
#nter cable, Cu'%er, connector and other loss %ara'eters to deter'ine trans'ission cable syste' insertion loss&
Cable loss is the total insertion loss o$ your trans'ission cable syste'&
;his ty%ically includes insertion loss o$ the trans'ission cable, Cu'%er cables, connectors and lightning %rotection&
Loss o$ other co'%onents +e&g& VSWR3%ower 'onitor, du%le.er, co'biner or $ilter- 'ay also co'e into %lay&
Enter &a>le +oss?100 m or "t 1.1( dB Loss %er (** !eters or Feet at Frequency
Enter &a>le +en6t. (m or "t) 2(0.00 m or "t Length in !eters or Feet
&alculates &a>le +oss 2.-0 dB ;rans'ission Cable :nsertion Loss
Enter @op Aumper +oss?100 m or "t (.2( dB Loss %er (** !eters or Feet at Frequency
Enter @op Aumper +en6t. (m or "t) 10.00 m or "t Length in !eters or Feet
&alculates @op Aumper +oss 0.(2 dB ;o%3Antenna Du'%er Cable :nsertion Loss
Enter Bottom Aumper +oss?100 m or "t (.2( dB Loss %er (** !eters or Feet at Frequency
Enter Bottom Aumper +en6t. (m or "t) 20.00 m or "t Length in !eters or Feet
&alculates Bottom Aumper +oss 0.- dB ,otto'3;. Du'%er Cable :nsertion Loss
Enter +oss per &onnector 0.0 dB Connector :nsertion Loss
Enter Num>er o" &onnectors , ;wo Connectors %er Pair
&alculates &onnector +oss 0.#0 dB Connector :nsertion Loss
Enter +i6.tnin6 Protection +oss 0.10 dB Lightning Protection :nsertion Loss
Enter $%W!?Power Monitor +oss 0.00 dB VSWR3Power !onitor :nsertion Loss
Enter :t.er &omponent +oss 0.00 dB Loss o$ Co'biner, u%le.er, Filter, etc&
&alculates @otal &a>le %0stem +oss #.0* dB ;rans'ission Cable Syste' :nsertion Loss
as!ing E""ect Calculator
#nter cable loss and 'atch or $orward and re$lected %ower to deter'ine the 'as"ing e$$ect&
Enter &a>le 9nsertion +oss (.00 dB Antenna 'easure'ents ta"en
Enter $%W! at @ransmitter 1.0 at the trans'itter end o$ the cable
&alculates $%W! o" ;ntenna 2.(( will be 'as"ed by the cable loss&
Enter &a>le 9nsertion +oss (.00 dB CL ) Cable :nsertion Loss
Enter !eturn +oss at @ransmitter '1#.00 dB RLt ) Return Loss at ;rans'itter
&alculates !eturn +oss o" ;ntenna ',.00 dB RLa ) Return Loss o$ Antenna ) RLt 4 +B . CL-
Enter &a>le 9nsertion +oss (.00 dB CL ) Cable :nsertion Loss
Enter Forward Power at @ransmitter 100.00 Watts P$t ) Forward Power at ;rans'itter
Enter !e"lected Power at @ransmitter #.00 Watts Prt ) Re$lected Power at ;rans'itter
&alculates !.o at @ransmitter 0.20 Rhot ) Sqrt +Prt 3 P$t-
&alculates $%W! at @ransmitter 1.0 VSWRt ) +( 1 Rhot- 3 +( 4 Rhot-
&alculates !eturn +oss at @ransmitter '1(.), dB RLt ) (* . Log +Prt 3 P$t-
&alculates Forward Power at @ransmitter 0.00 dBm P$t +d,'- ) (* . Log +P$t +Watts-- 1 2* d,
&alculates Forward Power at ;ntenna #*.00 dBm P$a +d,'- ) P$t +d,'- 1 CL
&alculates !e"lected Power at @ransmitter (-.02 dBm Prt +d,'- ) (* . Log +Prt +Watts-- 1 2* d,
&alculates !e"lected Power at ;ntenna ().02 dBm Pra +d,'- ) Prt +d,'- 4 CL
&alculates Forward Power at ;ntenna 0.12 Watts P$a +Watts- ) (* = ++P$a +d,'- 4 2*- 3 (*-
&alculates !e"lected Power at ;ntenna *.), Watts Pra +Watts- ) (* = ++Pra +d,'- 4 2*- 3 (*-
&alculates !.o o" ;ntenna 0.#0 Rhoa ) Rho o$ Antenna ) Sqrt +Pra 3 P$a-
&alculates $%W! o" ;ntenna 2.(( VSWRa ) +( 1 Rhoa- 3 +( 4 Rhoa-
&alculates !eturn +oss o" ;ntenna '*.), dB RLa ) (* . Log +Pra 3 P$a-
Fiel# Strength Calculator
#nter signal %ower level, $requency and antenna gain to deter'ine $ield strength&
Enter %i6nal Power +e8el '(0.000 dBm ;he $ield strength o$ the signal e'itted
Enter Fre3uenc0 1.000 M54 by a radio antenna is usually e.%ressed
Enter !ecei8e ;ntenna 7ain (.000 dB in units o$ 'icrovolts %er 'eter +uV3'-&
&alculates ;ntenna Factor 11.00* dB
&alculates %i6nal +e8el **.000 dBu$ ;his 'ay be calculated i$ the signal %ower
&alculates %i6nal +e8el ,,.00* dBu$?m level +d,'-, $requency and the gain o$ the
&alculates Field %tren6t. 0.02 $?m receive antenna are "nown&
&alculates Field %tren6t. 2.1(, m$?m
&alculates Field %tren6t. 2,1(,.0* u$?m
Antenna Factor +d,- ) B* Log +Frequency +!67-- 4 Antenna 8ain +d,- 4BE&@
Signal Level +d,uV- ) Signal Level +d,'- 1 (*F d,
Signal Level +d,uV3'- ) Signal Level +d,uV- 1 Antenna Factor +d,-
Field Strength +uV3'- ) (* = +Signal Level +d,uV3'- 3 B*-
( V3' ) (,*** 'V3' ) (,***,*** uV'
etric Conversions
#nter quantity and select units to deter'ine equivalent values&
Length Weight
Enter 1.000 * Enter 1.000 #
= 1-0,)(#.#00 &entimeters (cm) = 1,000.000 7rams (6)
= -(,(-0.0(# 9nc.es (in) = (.2*# :unces (o4)
= ,2*).)(- Feet ("t) = 2.20 Pounds (l>)
= 1,*).)*) Bards (0d) = 1.000 Kilo6rams (k6)
= 1,-0).(## Meters (m) = 0.022 5undredwt (cwt)
= 1.-0) Kilometers (km) = 0.001 @ons (ton)
= 1.000 Miles (mi) = 0.001 @onnes (t)
( in ) B&>G c' ( ' ) 2&B@ $t ( 'i ) (&H "' ( o7 ) B@&2> g ( "g ) B&B lb ( t ) (&( ton
Area Temperature
Enter 1.000 # Enter 0.000 2
= 10,000.000 %3uare cm = (2.000 Fa.ren.eit (F)
= 1,0.00 %3uare in = 0.000 &elsius (&)
= 10.*-# %3uare "t = #)1.-)0 !ankine (!)
= 1.000 %3uare m = 2*(.10 Kel8in (K)
= 0.000 ;cres
= 0.000 %3uare km C ) >3E +F 4 2B-
= 0.000 %3uare mi R ) F 1 G>E&HE I ) C 1 BF2&(>
( sq in ) H&G> sq c' ( sq ' ) (*&FH sq $t
( sq 'i ) B&H sq "'
Miles (mi) Kilograms (kg)
Square m Celsius (C)
Volume
Enter 2.000 #
= 2,000.000 Milliliters (ml)
= -*.-2, Fluid :4 ("l o4)
= 2.11( Cuarts (3t)
= 2.000 +iters (l)
= 0.2, 7allons (6al)
= 0.0*1 &u>ic Ft (cu "t)
= 0.002 &u>ic M (cu m)
( $l o7 ) BE&H 'l ( liter ) (&*H qt
( gal ) 2&@ liters ( cu ' ) 2>&2 cu $t
Liters (l)
Free S$ace Loss Calculator
#nter $requency and distance to deter'ine $ree s%ace loss&
Enter Fre3uenc0 ,00.000 M54 Free S%ace Loss is the %ower loss o$ a
Enter <istance 1.000 Miles radio signal as it travels through $ree s%ace&
&alculates Free %pace +oss )#.--2 dB
Losses due to sources such as earth, trees,
buildings, cables and connectors as well as
Enter Fre3uenc0 ,00.000 M54 antenna gains are not considered&
Enter <istance 1.000 Kilometers
&alculates Free %pace +oss )0.2) dB
Free S%ace Loss +d,- ) 2H&H 1 B* . Log +Frequency +!67- . istance +!iles--
( !ile ) (&H*E2 Iilo'eters