Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Space Dress
•Space Dress is a dress that inflates in specific situations
according to its user's decision.
d d h f
•It is designed to cope with stress, moments of anxiety
and claustrophobic situations ‐ or simply for comfort.
http://www.banhomaria.net/spacedress.html
The Emotional Wardrobe
The Emotional Wardrobe
•Lisa Stead' s Emotional Wardrobe is a collection of
garments that represent and stimulate emotional
response through technology‐enhanced aesthetics. The
pieces of clothing change their aesthetic display in
i f l hi h h i h i di l i
response to the emotions of the wearer or the presence
of a viewer.
http://www.we‐make‐money‐not‐
art com/archives/2005/11/lisa stead s em php
art.com/archives/2005/11/lisa‐stead‐s‐em.php
Emotional and aromatic dress
Emotional and aromatic dress
•The dress mimics the body's circulation system, the
senses and scent glands. The interactive fabric emits a
selection of scents depending on your mood. Aromatic
messages are actively 'pulsed' electronically through a
i l ' l d' l i ll h h
cabling system, to key points of the body in order to
activate the smell centre.
http://www.we‐make‐money‐not‐
art.com/archives/2004/08/emotional‐and‐aromatic‐
dress.php
Chalayan'ss morphing dresses
Chalayan morphing dresses
•Five dresses that twitch, move, and morph through
decades of their own accord.
http://www.we‐make‐money‐not‐
h // k
art.com/archives/2006/10/earlier‐this‐mo.php
Chalayan's morphing dresses
•the dresses were driven electronically by controlled,
geared motors.
•containers held the battery packs controlling chips‐‐the
•containers held the battery packs, controlling chips‐‐the
microcontrollers and microswitches‐‐and little geared
motors.
•Motors nine millimeters in diameter were used. Each of
the motors had a little pulley, and the pulley was then
attached to this monofilament wire which was fed through
hollow tubes sewn into the corset of the dress.
Some of the corsets were very complicated. They had 30
Some of the corsets were very complicated. They had 30
or 40 of these little tubes running everywhere, carrying
these little cables, each doing its little job
http://www.technologyreview.com/read_article.aspx?id=1
htt // t h l i / d ti l ?id 1
7639&ch=infotech
Biomapping
pp g Christian Nold
How will our perceptions of our environment change
when we become aware of our own and each others
intimate body states?
Biomapping
• Bio Mapping is a community mapping with more than 1500
participants in the last 4 years. Participants are wired up with
an innovative device which records the wearer's Galvanic Skin
i ti d i hi h d th ' G l i Ski
Response (GSR), an indicator of emotional arousal in
conjunction with their geographical location.
p p y g
•People re‐explore their local area by walking the
neighborhood with the device and on their return a map is
created which visualizes points of high and low arousal.
•Communal emotion maps are constructed that are packed
full of personal observations which show the areas that
full of personal observations which show the areas that
people feel strongly about and truly visualize the social space
of a community
BIOSENSORS
Surface electromyography (EMG) equipment and physiological
sensors to measure human emotional and physical responses
URBAN SONAR
Personal Space detection for Urban Environments
Urban Sonar is a personal space monitoring system that senses
an individual's experience as they move through the urban
environment and records that information for review at a later
time. Turning the gaze both outward and inward, negative space
surrounding the individual and their heart rate are used to
surrounding the individual and their heart rate are used to
visualize a lived experience through quantitative data.
Considering both the body and its movement through space,
Ub S
Urban Sonar is a mobile, wearable, logging system that uses
i bil bl l i h
objective data to map a subjective experience.
URBAN SONAR
Personal Space detection for Urban Environments
The sensing system is integrated into a wearable device.
Ultrasonic range finders are mounted in the front, back, and
l i fi d di h f b k d
shoulders of a jacket, measuring the empty space or proximity to
solid forms on all sides of the body. Conductive fabric strips are
strapped around the fingers and serve as the contact leads for a
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heart rate monitor that registers pulse. The remaining electronic
components are housed in a pocket inside the jacket. Sensor
data is fed into a microcontroller that interprets the values and
t
transmits them serially via Bluetooth. The data is received and
it th i ll i Bl t th Th d t i i d d
recorded by a Bluetooth‐enabled mobile phone. Once the
session is complete, the log file is uploaded from the mobile
phone to a server where it is interpreted as a time‐based
visualization. This visualization displays an accelerated, aerial
view that simulates the ebb and flow of the user's personal
space and heart rate as the values fluctuate during the period of
data logging
data logging.
URBAN SONAR
Personal Space detection for Urban Environments
Four Maxbotix Ultrasonic Range Finders are mounted in the front, back, and shoulders of a
hooded sweatshirt, measuring the proximity of people and objects on all sides of the body.
Four conductive fabric leads, stemming from the Polar Heart Rate Monitor, are strapped
around the fingers to measure pulse.
d th fi t l
URBAN SONAR
Personal Space detection for Urban Environments
Sensor data is fed into the Arduino board which then interprets it and sends it
serially to the BlueSMiRF device. The BlueSMiRF sends the data via bluetooth to a
Nokia N80 mobile phone where it is logged using Dan O’Sullivan’s Logger midlet.
Once the log is complete, it is uploaded to a server where it is interpreted in a time‐
Once the log is complete it is uploaded to a server where it is interpreted in a time
based visualization made in Processing.
http://www.urbansonar.com/tech.php
BIOSENSORS
Patient monitoring finger ring sensor
A monitoring system for monitoring the health status
of a patient and transmitting to a remote receiver a
signal, based on measured physiological parameters.
A
A sensor is incorporated in a finger ring or other
i i d i fi i h
article of apparel so as to monitor skin temperature,
blood flow, blood constituent concentration, or pulse
rate of the patient. The data are encoded for wireless
p
transmission by mapping a numerical value
associated with each datum to a pulse emitted after a
delay of a specified duration following a fiducial time.
Multiple ring bands and sensor elements may be
Multiple ring bands and sensor elements may be
employed for deriving three‐dimensional dynamic
characteristics of arteries and tissue of the finger.
BIOSENSORS
Data for individuals can be fed into electronic medical record
systems or used in health studies. One possible research area is
respiratory health. "If you know the location and respiratory rate
of an individual and can link this data to measurements from air
poll tion monitors o can learn something abo t e pos res to
pollution monitors, you can learn something about exposures to
air pollution that lead to asthma attacks," Seto says. Another
potential area for study is obesity. “Why is it that some children
don’t get as much exercise as others?” Seto asks. “Does it have
something to do with their communities and where they live? If
we could understand children’s activity patterns by using these
sensors, we might be able to understand the problem and design
better communities ”
better communities.
http://innovations.coe.berkeley.edu/vol2‐issue9‐oct08/sensors
BIOSENSORS
Implantable wireless biosensors. ‘Ultimately, cells specific to the
p y, p
patient can be engineered to live on and function as part of the
miniature electronic chip. The wireless biosensor is placed within
and around blood vessels and nerves to provide detection and
stim lation of the s rro nding tiss es or organ s stems ith the
stimulation of the surrounding tissues or organ systems, with the
ability to detect changes. A change triggers a message to a
wireless device to alert the patient early on about a problem.
http://www.richardbanks.com/trends/?m=200609
POTENTIOMETRIC BIOSENSORS
Used to measure parameters such as pH and redox
p p potential
p
Redox: oxidation of sugar in the human body through a series of very
complex electron transfer processes
http://www.freepatentsonline.com/EP0730760.html
TIME 2001
TIME 2001
INVENTIONS OF THE YEAR
http://www.time.com/time/2001/inventions/health/insensor.html
TIME 2001
TIME 2001
INVENTIONS OF THE YEAR
Is that crushing pain a heart attack, or pulled muscles
from yesterday's pec‐deck session? Ask your T shirt.
Made of a soft, washable fabric with optical and
electrical fibers woven into it, the SmartShirt
l i l fib i i h S Shi records
d
heart and respiration rates, body temperature and
calories burned. Information is relayed wirelessly and
can be sent on to doctors or personal trainers. Future
p
planned products include shirts for military use that
would provide a trapped soldier's exact location and
give triage units details about wounds.
Availability: By September 2002, for about $175
The SmartShirt System is a unisex wearable
wireless T‐shirt
wireless T shirt designed to collect physiological
designed to collect physiological
signals and movement from the human body. The
System collects analog signals through conductive
fiber sensors and passes them through a
conductive fiber grid knitted in the T‐Shirt. A
d i fib id k i d i h T Shi A
textile connector passes the analog signals to a
small personal controller held in a pocket on the
shirt. The personal controller digitizes the signal
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and transmits the signal to a Bluetooth or Zigbee
receiver connected to a base station where the
information is collected, displayed and/or stored.
http://www.sensatex.com/smartshirt.html
Pulse oximeter
A l i
•A pulse oximeter i
is a medical device that indirectly
di l d i h i di l
measures the oxygen saturation of a patient's blood
(as opposed to measuring oxygen saturation directly
through a blood sample) and changes in blood volume
g p ) g
in the skin, producing a photoplethysmograph. It is
often attached to a medical monitor to display
oxygenation at all times. Most monitors also display
the heart rate
the heart rate.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulse_oximeter
BioWATCH
•BioWATCH is a wireless biometric monitoring system
is a wireless biometric monitoring system
designed to observe astronauts on a spacecraft or
spacewalk. It can measure a crewmember's pulse,
blood pressure, glucose, temperature, joint angles and
more, and then send the information to doctors on
Earth in real time.
BioWATCH has been demonstrated to be compatible
•BioWATCH has been demonstrated to be compatible
with the following classes of biosensors: ECG, EEG,
EMG, EOG, heart rate, blood glucose, blood pressure,
temperature, and pulse oximeters.
http://www.nasa.gov/centers/glenn/moonandmars/m
ed_topic_biowatch.html
Portable Unit
for Metabolic Analysis
for Metabolic Analysis
(PUMA)
PUMA measures the amount of oxygen an
•The PUMA measures the amount of oxygen an
•The
astronaut consumes and the amount of carbon dioxide
produced. When combined with PUMA’s heart rate
measurement, PUMA software quantifies how hard the
astronaut is working.
•The data are used to present the most accurate
picture of the astronaut’s fitness level and to prevent
the astronaut from working past the point of
the astronaut from working past the point of
exhaustion.
http://spaceflightsystems.grc.nasa.gov/Advanced/Hum
anResearch/Medical/Biosensors/
h/ di l/ i /
Capacitive Biosensors
•In 2002, QUASAR developed a new class of bioelectric
sensors that coupled to the body capacitively. These
devices differ from previous capacitive electrodes in that
they can tolerate very small capacitances to the source.
Thus the sensors can be operated at a standoff from the
Thus, the sensors can be operated at a standoff from the
skin (up to several millimeters in practice), which makes
it possible to measure the ECG through clothing.
http://mil.sensorsmag.com/sensorsmil/Feature+Articles/
Nonintrusive‐Wearable‐Bioelectrodes‐for‐
Monitoring/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/462478
Hybrid Biosensors (for EEG)
sensors address the issue of triboelectric charging in capacitive
•These sensors address the issue of triboelectric
•These charging in capacitive
sensors by making contact with the skin via a set of 'fingers,' each of
which is small enough to reach through hair without trapping hairs
beneath the finger, thus ensuring electrical contact to the scalp.
•Electroencephalography (EEG) is the recording of electrical activity along
the scalp produced by the firing of neurons within the brain.
http://mil.sensorsmag.com/sensorsmil/Feature+Articles/Nonintrusive‐
Wearable Bioelectrodes for
Wearable‐Bioelectrodes‐for‐
Monitoring/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/462478
Galvanic Skin response
•Galvanic Skin response sensor/data logger; custom
made circuit boards
•On the circuit board a PIC microcontroller passes a
small current through one of the electrodes into the
small current through one of the electrodes into the
wearer's fingers and calculates how long it takes for a
capacitor to fill up. The length of time allows us to
calculate the skin resistance. A short time means low
resistance while a long time means high resistance. In
itself this number is not very meaningful ‐ i.e. one
person's hands might be sweatier than another, but
what is significant is the rate of change of this value over
what is significant is the rate of change of this value over
time.
•" GSR Physiology: Easily measured and relatively
reliable, GSR has been used as an index for those who
li bl GSR h b d i d f th h
need some measurable parameter of a person's internal
"state". As in EEG, there is not a clear understanding of
what the measures reflect.
Actuators SMART MATERIALS
Shape memory alloy
A shape memory alloy (SMA, smart metal, memory alloy,
muscle wire, smart alloy) is an alloy that "remembers" its
original, cold, forged shape, and which returns to that shape
after being deformed by applying heat. This material is a
lightweight, solid‐state alternative to conventional actuators
such as hydraulic, pneumatic, and motor‐based
such as hydraulic, pneumatic, and motor based systems.
systems.
Actuators SMART MATERIALS
Muscle Wires
l
Muscle Wires are thin strands of a special nickel‐titanium
alloy that actually shorten in length when electrically
powered They are easy to use and they can lift thousands
powered. They are easy to use, and they can lift thousands
of times their own weight. The direct linear motion of
Muscle Wires offers experimenters a source of motion
that is very similar to that of a human muscle, providing
possibilities not available with motors or solenoids.