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DEMO TITLES







Variable Frequency drives Induction Motor
Case I: Converter as an 18-Pulse Diode Rectifier
Case II: Converter as an Active Front Rectifier
Author: Tshibain Tshibungu
Simsmart Technologies Inc.
Brossard, Quebec
Canada



Software used: Simsmart Engineering Suite V6 (ES V6)
A-PDF Merger DEMO : Purchase from www.A-PDF.com to remove the watermark



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1. OBJECTIVE AND DESCRIPTION

The following document shows the simulation of a VFD (Variable Frequency Drives) 2-level
voltage with an 18-Pulse Diode Rectifier and an Active Front End (AFE) Rectifier using the
power electronics components from the Engineering suite V6 Electrical library.

The AFE and motor controllers are designed using my published documents (Vector Control of
Induction Motor.pdf and Three Phase Rectifier Controllers Design.pdf).

A three phase voltage source supplies a VFD that drives an ungrounded Induction Motor. The
Induction Motor has the following parameters:

At t = 0 s the reference speed is set to 120 rad/s and reverse to -120 rad/s at t = 1.6 s. The
maximum torque allows is 300 Nm.

Simulate the motor drives using Current-Sourced Inverter (2-Level Voltage).

Case I: The converter is 18-pulse diode Rectifier

The VFD is designed as 18-Pulse diode Rectifier follows by a 2-Level Inverter.

Case II: The converter is an AFE Rectifier

The VFD is designed as an AFE (Active Font End) Rectifier follows by a 2-Level Inverter. The AFE
must draw a unity power factor current.

2. PROCESSES DATA

IGBT and Diode with snubber on the inverter side



Case I: The VFD is built has an 18-pulse diode rectifier follows by a 2-level voltage

Source (cosine wave)

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Phase shifting transformers (Yz +20 deg, Yz -20 deg)

Transformers (Yy 0 deg)

DC link capacitor is pre-charged at 900 V and 1000 V as maximum voltage allowed



Breaking Resistor



Case II: The converter is an AFE Rectifier in abc reference frame follows by a 2-level voltage

The IGBT on the AFE side is built as an ideal switch in parallel with a diode.

Source (cosine wave)

DC link capacitor pre-charged at 1000 V

,

PLL (Phase Locked Loop) PI controller

Current hysteresis control



Voltage controller

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3. SIMULATION PARAMETERS

The simulation was run in time domain with sample time of

4. PROCESSES REPRESENTATION IN ES V6

See the end of the document




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6. ENGINEERING SUITE V6 RESULTS

Case I: The VFD is built has an 18-pulse diode Rectifier follows by a 2-level voltage







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Case II: The converter is an AFE Rectifier in abc reference frame follows by a 2-level voltage






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Conclusion

The following conclusions can be made:
Visually, the network current in steady state for AFE converter contains less
harmonics than an 18-pulse diode converter,
In order to avoid the inrush network current (normally due to the capacitor charging),
a precharged capacitor has been used,
For the AFE converter, DC voltage is kept nearly the reference value,
For the 18-pulse diode converter a breaking resistor has been used to avoid
overvoltage of the capacitor,
the torque doesnt exceed the maximum allowed (300 Nm).



7. REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Power electronics. Converters, applications and design, 2nd edition.
Mohan / Underland / Robbins.

2. Power electronics. Converter Harmonics. Multipulse methods for clean power.
Derek A. Paice

3. Electric Motor Drives. Modeling, Analysis, and Control.
R. Krishnan.






3 1a
b
c
3
3
M
K
K
C

Iqs*
ITL

Speed controller
C
a
b
c
d

q
0
C
ITL
ITL
ITL
d
0
a

b
c q
Ids*
s b b
s a a s G 1 0
1 0

) (
Iabc to dq
Flux calculation
K

K

A/D
A/D
A/D
C
3
A
I a I a I b I b I c I c
K
Idq to abc
calculation
Theta calculation
ITL
ITL
ITL
Speed reference

K
s b b
s a a s G 1 0
1 0

) (

Fluxdr*
Measured speed
3 1 a
b
c
3
P
3
3
3 1 a
b
c
3
3
A
I a
I a I b
I b I c
I c
V V C
T
V
3 3
3
3
3 3
3
3
3 3
3
3
Phase Shifting transformer
Yz -20 deg
Transformer Yy 0 deg
3
/Yn Zn
3
Yn Yn
3
/Yn Zn
3 1 a
b
c
Phase Shifting transformer
Yz +20 deg

C
Ungrounded motor
Rn = 1e5 Ohms
VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES AN INDUCTION MOTOR WITH A PASSIVE END RECTIFIER (18 PULSE DIODE)
B
r
e
a
k
i
n
g

R
e
s
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s
t
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3 1a bc
3
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M
K
K
C

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Speed controller
C
a
b
c
d

q
0
C
ITL
ITL
ITL
d
0
a

b
c q
Ids*
s b b s a a s G 1 0 1 0 ) (
Iabc to dq
Flux calculation
K

K

A/D
A/D
A/D
C
3
A
I a I a I b I b I c I c
K
Idq to abc
calculation
Theta calculation
ITL
ITL
ITL
Speed reference

K
s b b s a a s G 1 0 1 0 ) (
Fluxdr*
Measured speed
Ungrounded motor
Rn = 1e5 Ohms
VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES AN INDUCTION MOTOR WITH AN ACTIVE FRONT END
V VC T
V
X

K
K

X
A/D
A/D

A/D
X
Vdc reference
Vdc measured
PI Voltage Controller
Ia template
Ib template
Ic template
Hysteresis control
Hysteresis control
Hysteresis control
3
P
3
3
3
3
A
Ia Ia Ib Ib Ic Ic
3
V
Va
Va
CT
Vb
Vb
Vc
Vc
3
3
d
0
a

b
c q s b b s a a s G 1 0 1 0 ) (
C
Vabc to Vdq
To hysteresis controllers
3 1 abc
a
b
c
d

q
0
C
C
C
PLL
Iq=0
Id=1
I0=0
Ia measured
Ib measured
Ic measured
C