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HANOI OPEN
MATHEMATICAL OLYMPIAD
A. Equation and system of equations
1. Solve the following equation
( ) ( )
2 2
1 1 13
36
29 30 x x
+ =
+ +
.
2. Solve the equation
2 3 2011
1 ... 0 x x x x + + + + + = .
3. Let
6 2 5 6 2 5
20
x
+ +
= . The value of
( )
11
3
2012
5 7
1 H x x = + is?
4. What is the largest integer less than or equal to
3
4 3 x x , where
( )
3 3
1
2 3 2 3
2
x = + + .
5. What is the largest integer no exceeding
3
8 6 1 x x + , where
( )
3 3
1
2 5 2 5
2
x = + + ?
6. How many pairs ( ) ; x y of positive integer such that
1 1
6
x y
+ = ?
7. Solve the system of equations
1 1 1
6
3 2 5
6
x y
x y

+ =

+ =

.
8. Solve the system of equations
4 2 2 4
1
1
xy
x y
x y x y
=

+ =

+ +

.
9. Find all pairs ( ) ; x y of real numbers satisfying the system
4 4
2
5 3
x y
x y x y
+ =

.
10. Find all pairs ( ) ; x y of real numbers satisfying the system
4 4
3
8
x y
x y x y
+ =

.
11. Slove the system of equations
3 2
3 2
3 2
1
2 2 1
3 3 1
x y x
y z y
z x z
+ = +

+ = +

+ = +

.

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Trung tm nghin cu t vn v pht trin sn phm gio dc Newstudy.vn
a ch: 108A Trng Chinh ng a H Ni
Hotline: 0976.266.202
12. Slove the system of equations
3 2
3 2
3 2
1 4
3 3
1 5
4 4
1 6
5 5
x y x x
y z y y
z z z z

+ = +

+ = +

+ = +

.
13. Let be give { } 0,1, 2, 3,...,1006 ae . Find all { } 0;1; 2;3;...; 2013 ne such that
2013 2013
n a
C C > ,
where
( )
!
! !
k
m
m
C
k m k
=

.
14. If
2
( ) f x ax bx c = + + satisfies the condition ( ) 1 f x < , for all | | 1;1 xe .
Prove that the equation
2
( ) 2 1 f x x = has two real roots.
15. The funtion
2
( ) f x ax bx c = + + satisfies the followings conditions: ( 2) 3 f = , and
( ) 1 f x s , for all | | 1;1 xe .
Evaluate the value of
( )
2013 f .
16. Suppose that the equation
3 2
1 0 x px qx + + + = with , p q are rational numbers, has 3 real roots
1 2 3
, , x x x where
3
2 5 x = + , compute the values of p and q ?
17. Suppose that the equation
3 2
0 x px qx r + + + = has 3 real root
1 2 3
, , x x x , where , , p q r are
integer numbers. Put
1 2 3
n n n
n
S x x x = + + , 1, 2,... n = .
Prove that
2012
S is an integer.
18. Let ( ) f x be a funtion such that
2010
( ) 2 4020
1
x
f x f x
x
+ | |
+ =
|

\ .
for all 1 x = . Then the value
of (2012) f is?
19. Find all polynomials ( ) P x such that
1 1
P x x
x x
| |
+ = +
|
\ .
, for all 0 x = .
20. Find all polynomials ( ) P x such that
( ) ( ) 2 1 ( ) 1 (2 ) x P x x P x = , for all real numbers x .
21. Let
( )
2 4 2
1 3 3 P x x x = + . Find
( )
2
1 P x + ?

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a ch: 108A Trng Chinh ng a H Ni
Hotline: 0976.266.202
22. Find all polynomials ( ) P x of degree 1 such that
max ( ) min ( ) b
a x b a x b
P x P x a
s s s s
= , for all real numbers a b < .
23. The number of integer solutions x of the equation below
( )( )( )( ) 12 1 6 1 4 1 3 1 330 x x x x = .
24. Determine the greatest number m such that the system of the equation
2 2
3 3
1 x y
x y x y m
+ =

+ =


has solution.
25. For every 2, 3,..., n = we put
1 1 1
1 1 ... 1
1 2 1 2 3 1 2 3 ...
n
A
n
| || | | |
=
| | |
+ + + + + + +
\ .\ . \ .
.
Determine all positive integer ( ) 2 n n > such that
1
n
A
is an integer.
B. Inquality
1. Which is larger
1
1
2
2
2 , 2 , 3
+
?
2. List the numbers
4 3 5
2, 3, 4, 5 and
6
6 in order from greatest to least.
3. What is the smallest number
1 1 2 5
1
2
2 2 3 3
3, 2 , 2 , 2 , 2
+
+
?
4. Compare the numbers:
2 , 3, 2 P Q T
o |
= = = , where
1
2, 1
2
o | = = + .
5. What is the smallest possible value of
2 2
x y x y xy + ?
6. Prove that
2 3 2011
1 ... 0 x x x x + + + + + > for all 1 x > .
7. Let , x y are real numbers satisfy ( ) ( )
2 2
2
5 12 14 x y + + = . Find the greatest value and least
value of
2 2
x y + .
8. The smallest value of the function
1 2013
( )
2013
x
f x x
x

= +

where | | 1;1 xe .

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Trung tm nghin cu t vn v pht trin sn phm gio dc Newstudy.vn
a ch: 108A Trng Chinh ng a H Ni
Hotline: 0976.266.202
9. Find the greatest value and least value of x y + where , x y are real numbers, with
2, 3 x y > > and
2 2 2 3 x x y y + = + .
10. Let , , x y z be real numbers such that
2 2 2
1 x y z + + = . Find the largest possible of
3 3 3
x y z xyz + + .
11. Let , , a b c be positive real numbers such that
1 1 1
1
bc ca ab
+ + > . Prove that 1
a b c
bc ca ab
+ + > .
12. Let
3 2
( ) 1 P x x ax bx = + + + and ( ) 1 P x s for all | | 1;1 xe . Prove that 5 a b + s .
13. Suppose that
2 2
1 ax bx c x + + > for all real numbers x . Prove that
2
4 4 b ac > .
14. Let , a bbe the roots of the equation
2
0 x px q + = and let , c d be the roots of the equation
2
0 x rx s + = , where , , , p q r s are some positive real numbers. Suppose that
( )
2 2 2 2
2 abc bcd cda dab
M
p q r s
+ + +
=
+ + +

is an integer. Determine , , , a b c d .
15. The postive numbers , , , , a b c d e are such that the followings indentity hold for all real
numbers x .
( )( )( )
3 2 3
3 3 x a x b x c x dx x e + + + = + + + .
Find the smallest value of d .
16. A given polynomial
3 2
( ) P t t at bt c = + + + has 3 distint real roots. If the equation
( ) ( ) ( )
3 2
2 2 2
2013 2013 2013 0 x x a x x b x x c + + + + + + + + + = has no real roots.
Prove that
( )
1
2013
64
P > .
17. The positive numbers , , , , , a b c d p qare such that
( )( )( )( )
4 3 2
4 6 4 1 x a x b x c c d x px x qx + + + + = + + + + holds for all real numbers x .
Find the smallest value of p and the largest value of q .
18. Consider the set of all rectangles with a give perimeter p . Find the largest value of

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Trung tm nghin cu t vn v pht trin sn phm gio dc Newstudy.vn
a ch: 108A Trng Chinh ng a H Ni
Hotline: 0976.266.202
2 2
S
M
S p
=
+ +
, where S is denoted the area of the rectangle.
19. Consider the set of all rectangles with a give area S . Find the largest value of
2
16
2
S p
M
p p

=
+
, where p is the perimeter of the rectangle.
20. Suppose that 4 real numbers , , , a b c d satisfy the conditions
2 2
2 2
4
4
2
a b
c d
ac bd
+ =

+ =

+ =

.
Find the set of all possible values the number M ab cd = + can take.
21. Let , , a b c be positive integers such that 2 3 100 a b c + + = . Find the greatest value of
M abc = .
22. Let , , , a b c d be possitive intrgers such that 99 a b c d + + + = . Find the smallest and the
greatest values of the following product P abcd = .
23. Determine the greatest value of the sum 11 3 2012 M xy xz yz = + + , where , , x y z are non-
negative integers satisfying the following condition 100 x y z + + = .
24. Determine the greatest value of the sum M xy yz zx = + + , where , , x y z are real numbers
satisfing the following condition
2 2 2
2 5 22 x y z + + = .
25. Determine the smallest value of the sum M xy yz zx = , where , , x y z are real numbers
satisfing the following condition
2 2 2
2 5 22 x y z + + = .
26. Suppose , , , x y z t are real numbers such that
1
1
1
1
x y z t
y z t z
z t x y
t x y z
+ + s

+ + s

+ + s

+ + s

.
Prove that
2 2 2 2
1 x y z t + + + s .
27. Let | | , , 1;3 a b c e and satisfy the following con-ditions { } max , , 2, 5 a b c a b c > + + = .
What is the smallest possible value of
2 2 2
a b c + + ?
28. Find the maximum value of

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a ch: 108A Trng Chinh ng a H Ni
Hotline: 0976.266.202
2 2 2
x y z
M
x y y z z x
= + +
+ + +
with , , 0 x y z > .
29. Find the minimum value of
1 5 14 97 1920 S x x x x x = + + + + + + + + + .
30. Give 0 , 1 x y < < . Find the maximum value of
( )
( )( )( )
1
1 1
xy x y
M
x y x y

=
+
.
31. Suppose that 0, 0 a b > > and 1 a b + s .
Determine the minimum value of
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1
M
ab a ab ab b a b
= + + +
+ + +
.
32. Let , , a b c be positive integers. Prove that
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2
3
5
b c a c a b a b c
b c a c a b a b c
+ + +
+ + >
+ + + + + +
.

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