Proportion Nonconforming (p Chart)

Guideline:
Since the control limits are based on a normal approximation, the sample size used
should be such that np equal or greater than 5.
Individual Value
i
i
i
n
np
p =
ni = number of parts inspected;
npi = number of nonconforming items found;
Average of Individual Values
k
k
n n n
np np np
p
+ + +
+ + +
=
...
...
2 1
2 1
where k = number of subgroups
k
p p p
p
k
+ + +
=
....
2 1
if all the nis are equal
Chart Features
Centerline: Control limits
p CL
p
=
i
Pi
n
p p
p UCL
) 1 (
3

+ =
i
Pi
n
p p
p LCL
) 1 (
3

=
If sample size is constant (n)
n
p p
p UCL
P
) 1 (
3

+ =
n
p p
p LCL
P
) 1 (
3

=
Constant control limits hen sample size varies
for situations where
75 . 0
max
min

i
i
n
n
!
n
p p
p UCL
P
) 1 (
3

+ = = n a"erage sample size!
n
p p
p LCL
P
) 1 (
3

= = n a"erage sample size!
1/4
!"ample #ses:
#ccept$%e&ect 'ecision with constant or varia$le subgroup size
(irst )ime *ualit+ ()*! results
,roportion nonconforming
,roportion conforming
,roportion of items abo"e or below! a threshold "alue
-udgement 'ecisions
,roportion of items within a specified categor+
,roportion of items abo"e or below! a threshole "alue
,roportion .ptime equipment!
2/4
%i&u '( t) l* l+i (p Chart)
,-.ng d/n:
/0 gi1i h2n ki3m so4t 567c t8nh to4n d9a tr:n 61c l67ng, c; m<u s= d>ng cho bi3u
5? n@+ phAi 52t +:u cBu l@ np bCng hoDc l1n hEn 5.
Gi0 tr1 m/u
i
i
i
n
np
p =
ni = sF l67ng chi tiGt 567c ki3m tra;
npi = sF l67ng chi tiGt khHng phI h7p;
2rung $3nh c4a c0c m/u
k
k
n n n
np np np
p
+ + +
+ + +
=
...
...
2 1
2 1
trong 5J k = sF l67ng nhJm m<u
k
p p p
p
k
+ + +
=
....
2 1
nGu tKt cA ni bCng nhau
Gi.i h5n 6i&m so0t
7-8ng trung $3nh: Gi.i h5n 6i&m so0t
p CL
p
=
i
Pi
n
p p
p UCL
) 1 (
3

+ =
i
Pi
n
p p
p LCL
) 1 (
3

=
N9u c: m/u c4a c0c nh;m $<ng nhau (n)
n
p p
p UCL
P
) 1 (
3

+ =
n
p p
p LCL
P
) 1 (
3

=
C; th& s= d>ng gi.i h5n 6i&m so0t chung trong tr-8ng h?p c: m/u tha@ 'Ai
"1i tr6Lng h7p
75 . 0
max
min

i
i
n
n
!
n
p p
p UCL
P
) 1 (
3

+ = = n gi4 trM trung b0nh cNa sF m<u!
n
p p
p LCL
P
) 1 (
3

= = n gi4 trM trung b0nh cNa sF m<u!
3/4
C0c tr-8ng h?p 0p d>ng:
Oi3m tra phPn lo2i 52t$khHng 52t "1i c; m<u 6hBng 'Ai hoCc tha@ 'Ai
OGt quA ki3m tra lBn 5Bu
)Q lR sAn phSm khHng phI h7p
)Q lR sAn phSm 52t +:u cBu
)Q lR sAn phSm nCm tr:n hoDc d61i! ng6;ng chuSn
,h4n 5Mnh t0nh huFng
)Q lR sAn phSm nCm trong mTt tBng$l1p x4c 5Mnh
)Q lR sAn phSm nCm tr:n hoDc d61i! ng6;ng chuSn
)Q lR thLi gian ch2+ m4+
4/4