ALL INTERVIEW

1Cement-concrete ratio: 1:4

15
15
2 how to calculate the weight of mm !ia ro!
Weight of reinforcement per meter = area of bar*unit weight of steel
=22/7*1/4*(D)2*(7!"#)/1#$
=#%##$1$7!*(D)2
= D2/1$2%1&
'oughl( calculate) b( the formula (D*D)/1$2
*rea of steel m2 #+ =22/7*1/4*(D)2
,ength of steel m 1
"olume of #teel $ area%length m& '
)ensit(= weight / -olume =
(en#it) of #teel i# *g+m& ,-5'
weight of #teel for 1m i#$ !en#it) % "olume *g 22.2
&
.i/e: #%2 0 #%1 0 #%1 1um #(#%2*%1*%1)
2er 1um "##(1/(#%2*%1*%1))="##
/ric* wor* without motor
.i/e: #%13 0 #%#3 0 #%#3 1um #%7$3""##*(%13*%#3*%#3)=#%7$
4ortor -olume per cum 1um #%2&#"=15%7$ = #%24 mortor -olume
46nit weight of fine concrete 7g/m& 24##
"What is the )ensit( of 1ement 7g/m& 144#
Ratio of 0ra!e# 11'2115212'212521&'21&5213'.
Calculation for the cutting length of
1'2122122' an! #o on iron 4ar# for
35 !igree an! 5' !igree 4ent#.
for e8ample if an( steel ta9e 1%# meter
cutting length
)ensit(= weight / -olume
)ensit( of steel is 7!"#9g/m&
-olume of steel =
area0length=&%148D2/4*1%#
weight of steel for 1m is= )ensit( 0
-olume
=
&%14D281###*7!"#/1###*1###*1###
=D2/1$2 (s:uare of
D/1$2)
where D is the )ia of bar
in mm
for 4")egrres =cutting length51 * )ia of
bar* no of ben)s
for 3# )egrees= cutting length52 * )ia
of bar*no of ben)s

;he answer poste) shoul) some
reference from an( of <. co)e%
<t has to be =ustifie)%
*s i refere) co)e <. 2"#2 >. 44$$ the
)e)uctions followe) are
# for 4" ben)s
)?= 1$ )ia for 3# ben)s
2)@=2# )ia for 3# ben)s
there is a formula for fin)ing out the
e8tra length re:uire) for one bent% i%e%
#%42) where ) is the effecti-e )epth of
the member%
;o calculate the ben)ing De)uction
formula gi-en >elow%
>en) De)uction = 1%2"*Dia of .teel*Ao
of >en)
What i# the unit weight of
concrete6.
'cc 52"9n/mB or 2"##9g/mB
2cc5 24 9n/mB or 24##9g/m
= (1/#%##$1$7!)*D2
AowC
weight (9g) = length * ()*)/1$2)
= metre * (9g/m)
= 9g
what7# the formula fin! the cement
con#um8tion for 4ric* wor*
2& thic* wall 1 m&6
/ric* wor* "olume 8er cum with
motor
4/in!ing wire i# re9uire! for one tone reinforcement

:or 12' 0ra!e conc. 'ate :t( *mount

Dea) mason 2## #%" 1##
4ason 13# #%& "7
,abour 3# 2%" 22"
Total Amount &-2
*)) 1E for watering
,e#timation of the ; of 4ag# of cement2 #an! < gra"el.. if onl) gi"en the "olume of the 8ro=ect..
Folume of concrete 1um =
,oose -olume of 1 cum concret% 1%"7
mi8 proportion is 1:1%":& "%"=1G1%"G&
1ement 1
Hine *ggregate 1%"
1oarse *ggregate &
5.5
a. Cement
#a*(1%"2/(1G1%"G&))m& = 8 m&
we 9now that one cubic metre = 7I 14"#
1 cubic metre >ags 23
1ement content for 0 1ubic meter #
4. :ine Aggregate '1.5>%
A!! 5? of "oi!# '.'5
c. Coar#e Aggregate '&>%
A!! 1? of "oi!#
1&Caculation of cement 4ag in RCC < @CC in one cu4ic meter
calculation for m2' for +1 m&
1ement 1
.an) 1%"
*ggregate &
Total 5.5
1%"1
5what i# la8 length6 wh) it i# re9uire!
41#51:&:$
41"51:2:4
42#51:1%":&
that rattio is nominal mi8 basis%abo-e
42#Cthan mi8 )esign
is prefor)%basicall( 42" consi)er is
1:1:2
after 42" we ha-e to control the
strength acoor)ing to
gar)eC so it will be )isigne)
<t shoul) be " 7g to $ 7g for one tone
reinforcement%
appro8imate !9gC it is base) upon
thumb rule%
6pto 1$mm )ia = $%3#/7%2#9gs
2#mm to &2mm = !%##/!%&#9gs
CALCALATIBN B: LA/BAR CBCT
:BR CBNCRETE WBRD @ER CA/IC
1ETER
;his is the onl( ,abour cost of '11 not
4achinar( an)
pouring
Cement : :ine Aggregate : Coar#e
Aggregate
Juantit( of the
cement re:uire) = 0
simple metho)
calculation for m2# for /1 m&
1%"1 is >ul9 Densit( an) .pecific Ira-it(
cement pow)er%
1%"4*1/1G 1%" G &(cementGsan)Gagg%)
=#%274"C
#%274"/#%#&" =7%!4 sa( ! bags%
same calculation tr( for m1#C1"C2"C&#
2roportionC 1:1%":& (1ement: .an):
*ggregate)
>ul9 Densit( an) .pecific Ira-it(
cement pow)er%
1#
11 i ha"e a 4ar of & !ia in column2 what i# the la8 length6
13!ifference 4etween 1C ro! < T1T ro!6
(ie#el !e!uction
<n the construction of '1 buil)ingsC )ue
to the limitations in a-ailable length of
bars an) )ue to constraints in
constructionC there are numerous
occasions when column bars ha-e to be
=oine)% * simple wa( of achie-ing this is
b( o-erlapping the two bars o-er at
least a minimum specifie) lengthC calle)
lap length% ;he lap length )epen)s on
t(pes of reinforcement an) concrete%
Hor or)inar( situationsC it is about "#
times bar )iameter% HurtherC <.:1&32#5
133& prescribes that the lap length be
pro-i)e) KA,L in the mi))le half of
column an) not near its top or bottom
Re: What i# #tan!ar! #an!6 What
i# coar#e < fine #an!6 What i#
foun!ation6 What i# the #eEe of
hoo*# in "ariou# Reinforce!
#ection6 What i# the formula of
8ro"i!ing clear co"er6 What i# the
4a#ic !iff. 4etween wor*ing #tre##
< Limit #tate !e#ign6 What i# <c4c
an! fc*6 what are the 8rimar) <
#econ!ar) te#t of water
8urification6
.tan)ar) san) means which obtaine)
from natureC li9e ri-er san)% *ccor)ing
to <. co)e san) which passes lower than
4%7"mm
an) abo-e $##milimicron an) fine san)
which passes $## mili micro an)
retaine) 7" mili micron%
Houn)ation is the part of structure
which transfer loa) of the structure to
the base of soil on which it rests%
hoo9s5 semicircular secn%51$)
3#+ ben)5 !)
4"+ ben)5 12)
1lear co-er5 column54#mm
>M*4 5 2"44
.,*> 5 1"44
HKK;<AI 5 "#44
l<4<; .;*;M DM.<IA5 in this metho)
)esign base) on limit state conceptC the
structure shall be )esigne) to with
stan) safet( of all loa)s liable on it
throughout its life%
it also satisf( the ser-iciablit(
rec:uirments such as limitation on
)eflection an) crac9ing% the acceptable
limit for the safet( an) ser-iciable
rec:uirment before failure
occurs is calle) limit state%
wor9ing stress5 when limit state )esign
are not acceptable wor9ing stress
metho) is use)% in this metho) is base)
on
elastic theor(%
cbc5 compressi-e strength
fc95 charterstics strength
as per in)ia:n stan)ar)s the bars abo-e
&2mm )ia bars are to be wel)e) not
lappe)% its a twisting :uestions in
inter-iews
4. means 4il) steel% that means plain
ro) % mainl( create) b( 1.; ( col)
tiwste))
;4; means ;hermo mechanicall(
treate)% this metho) use) b( now a
)a(s%
4.(4il) .teel) bars ha-e low tensile
strength barsC an) are generall(
preferre) for lighter loa)sC whereas ;4;
(;hermo 4echanicall( ;reate) ) bars
ha-e high tensile strength an) are
preferre) for important structures with
hea-( loa)s
generate units from generator 1um =
;he fuel consume )uring the generate 8 units is ,it =
;hen a-erage 1um/ ,iter ND<F/#O
;he cost of )iesel 1$#8rate
;he cost of per unit generate) ;otal amount/Ienerate) units%
MAINTENANCE EVOLUTION
1alculation
Planned hours for Leyland tipper no.1 = 2##
Actual or!ed hours of Leyland tipper no.1 = 1"#.$
E%uip&ent Utilisation =Total or!in' ti&e 0NNN
Total (hift )ours of or!in'
= 32%4" =(1!4%3/2##)*1##