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Appendix A
Statistical Tables
Table A.1 A Binomial Probability Table
Table A.2 A Poisson Probability Table
Table A.3 Cumulative Areas under the Standard Normal Curve
Table A.4 A t Table: Values of ta
Table A.5 An F Table: Values of F.10
Table A.6 An F Table: Values of F.05
Table A.7 An F Table: Values of F.025
Table A.8 An F Table: Values of F.01
Table A.9 Percentage Points of the Studentized Range
Table A.10 Critical Values for the DurbinWatson d Statistic (a ! .05)
Table A.11 Critical Values for the DurbinWatson d Statistic (a ! .025)
Table A.12 Critical Values for the DurbinWatson d Statistic (a ! .01)
Table A.13 Control Chart Constants for x and R Charts
Table A.14 Control Chart Constants for x (Individuals) and Moving R Charts
Table A.15 A Wilcoxon Rank Sum Table: Values of TL and TU
Table A.16 A Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Table: Values of T0
Table A.17 A Chi-Square Table: Values of x2a
Table A.18 Critical Values for Spearmans Rank Correlation Coefficient
Table A.19 A Table of Areas under the Standard Normal Curve

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Appendix A
TA B L E A . 1

Statistical Tables
A Binomial Probability Table:
Binomial Probabilities (n between 2 and 6)

n!2
x
0
1
2

p
.05

.10

.15

.20

.25

.30

.35

.40

.45

.50

.9025
.0950
.0025

.8100
.1800
.0100

.7225
.2550
.0225

.6400
.3200
.0400

.5625
.3750
.0625

.4900
.4200
.0900

.4225
.4550
.1225

.3600
.4800
.1600

.3025
.4950
.2025

.2500
.5000
.2500

.95

.90

.85

.80

.75

.70

.65

.60

.55

.50

n!3
x
0
1
2
3

0
1
2
3
4

.05

.10

.15

.20

.25

.30

.35

.40

.45

.50

.8574
.1354
.0071
.0001

.7290
.2430
.0270
.0010

.6141
.3251
.0574
.0034

.5120
.3840
.0960
.0080

.4219
.4219
.1406
.0156

.3430
.4410
.1890
.0270

.2746
.4436
.2389
.0429

.2160
.4320
.2880
.0640

.1664
.4084
.3341
.0911

.1250
.3750
.3750
.1250

.95

.90

.85

.80

.75

.70

.65

.60

.55

.50

0
1
2
3
4
5

.05

.10

.15

.20

.25

.30

.35

.40

.45

.50

.8145
.1715
.0135
.0005
.0000

.6561
.2916
.0486
.0036
.0001

.5220
.3685
.0975
.0115
.0005

.4096
.4096
.1536
.0256
.0016

.3164
.4219
.2109
.0469
.0039

.2401
.4116
.2646
.0756
.0081

.1785
.3845
.3105
.1115
.0150

.1296
.3456
.3456
.1536
.0256

.0915
.2995
.3675
.2005
.0410

.0625
.2500
.3750
.2500
.0625

.95

.90

.85

.80

.75

.70

.65

.60

.55

.50

0
1
2
3
4
5
6

4
3
2
1
0

p
.05

.10

.15

.20

.25

.30

.35

.40

.45

.50

.7738
.2036
.0214
.0011
.0000
.0000

.5905
.3281
.0729
.0081
.0005
.0000

.4437
.3915
.1382
.0244
.0022
.0001

.3277
.4096
.2048
.0512
.0064
.0003

.2373
.3955
.2637
.0879
.0146
.0010

.1681
.3602
.3087
.1323
.0284
.0024

.1160
.3124
.3364
.1811
.0488
.0053

.0778
.2592
.3456
.2304
.0768
.0102

.0503
.2059
.3369
.2757
.1128
.0185

.0313
.1563
.3125
.3125
.1563
.0313

.95

.90

.85

.80

.75

.70

.65

.60

.55

.50

n!6
x

3
2
1
0

n!5
x

n!4
x

2
1
0

5
4
3
2
1
0

p
.05

.10

.15

.20

.25

.30

.35

.40

.45

.50

.7351
.2321
.0305
.0021
.0001
.0000
.0000

.5314
.3543
.0984
.0146
.0012
.0001
.0000

.3771
.3993
.1762
.0415
.0055
.0004
.0000

.2621
.3932
.2458
.0819
.0154
.0015
.0001

.1780
.3560
.2966
.1318
.0330
.0044
.0002

.1176
.3025
.3241
.1852
.0595
.0102
.0007

.0754
.2437
.3280
.2355
.0951
.0205
.0018

.0467
.1866
.3110
.2765
.1382
.0369
.0041

.0277
.1359
.2780
.3032
.1861
.0609
.0083

.0156
.0938
.2344
.3125
.2344
.0938
.0156

.95

.90

.85

.80

.75

.70

.65

.60

.55

.50

6
5
4
3
2
1
0

(table continued)

853

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Appendix A
TA B L E A . 1

Statistical Tables

(continued )
Binomial Probabilities (n between 7 and 10)
n!7
x
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

p
.05

.10

.15

.20

.25

.30

.35

.40

.45

.50

.6983
.2573
.0406
.0036
.0002
.0000
.0000
.0000

.4783
.3720
.1240
.0230
.0026
.0002
.0000
.0000

.3206
.3960
.2097
.0617
.0109
.0012
.0001
.0000

.2097
.3670
.2753
.1147
.0287
.0043
.0004
.0000

.1335
.3115
.3115
.1730
.0577
.0115
.0013
.0001

.0824
.2471
.3177
.2269
.0972
.0250
.0036
.0002

.0490
.1848
.2985
.2679
.1442
.0466
.0084
.0006

.0280
.1306
.2613
.2903
.1935
.0774
.0172
.0016

.0152
.0872
.2140
.2918
.2388
.1172
.0320
.0037

.0078
.0547
.1641
.2734
.2734
.1641
.0547
.0078

.95

.90

.85

.80

.75

.70

.65

.60

.55

.50

n!8
x
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

.05

.10

.15

.20

.25

.30

.35

.40

.45

.50

.6634
.2793
.0515
.0054
.0004
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.4305
.3826
.1488
.0331
.0046
.0004
.0000
.0000
.0000

.2725
.3847
.2376
.0839
.0185
.0026
.0002
.0000
.0000

.1678
.3355
.2936
.1468
.0459
.0092
.0011
.0001
.0000

.1001
.2670
.3115
.2076
.0865
.0231
.0038
.0004
.0000

.0576
.1977
.2965
.2541
.1361
.0467
.0100
.0012
.0001

.0319
.1373
.2587
.2786
.1875
.0808
.0217
.0033
.0002

.0168
.0896
.2090
.2787
.2322
.1239
.0413
.0079
.0007

.0084
.0548
.1569
.2568
.2627
.1719
.0703
.0164
.0017

.0039
.0313
.1094
.2188
.2734
.2188
.1094
.0313
.0039

.95

.90

.85

.80

.75

.70

.65

.60

.55

.50

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0

p
.05

.10

.15

.20

.25

.30

.35

.40

.45

.50

.6302
.2985
.0629
.0077
.0006
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.3874
.3874
.1722
.0446
.0074
.0008
.0001
.0000
.0000
.0000

.2316
.3679
.2597
.1069
.0283
.0050
.0006
.0000
.0000
.0000

.1342
.3020
.3020
.1762
.0661
.0165
.0028
.0003
.0000
.0000

.0751
.2253
.3003
.2336
.1168
.0389
.0087
.0012
.0001
.0000

.0404
.1556
.2668
.2668
.1715
.0735
.0210
.0039
.0004
.0000

.0207
.1004
.2162
.2716
.2194
.1181
.0424
.0098
.0013
.0001

.0101
.0605
.1612
.2508
.2508
.1672
.0743
.0212
.0035
.0003

.0046
.0339
.1110
.2119
.2600
.2128
.1160
.0407
.0083
.0008

.0020
.0176
.0703
.1641
.2461
.2461
.1641
.0703
.0176
.0020

.95

.90

.85

.80

.75

.70

.65

.60

.55

.50

n ! 10
x

n!9
x

7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0

9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0

p
.05

.10

.15

.20

.25

.30

.35

.40

.45

.50

.5987
.3151
.0746
.0105
.0010
.0001
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.3487
.3874
.1937
.0574
.0112
.0015
.0001
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.1969
.3474
.2759
.1298
.0401
.0085
.0012
.0001
.0000
.0000
.0000

.1074
.2684
.3020
.2013
.0881
.0264
.0055
.0008
.0001
.0000
.0000

.0563
.1877
.2816
.2503
.1460
.0584
.0162
.0031
.0004
.0000
.0000

.0282
.1211
.2335
.2668
.2001
.1029
.0368
.0090
.0014
.0001
.0000

.0135
.0725
.1757
.2522
.2377
.1536
.0689
.0212
.0043
.0005
.0000

.0060
.0403
.1209
.2150
.2508
.2007
.1115
.0425
.0106
.0016
.0001

.0025
.0207
.0763
.1665
.2384
.2340
.1596
.0746
.0229
.0042
.0003

.0010
.0098
.0439
.1172
.2051
.2461
.2051
.1172
.0439
.0098
.0010

10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0

.95

.90

.85

.80

.75

.70

.65

.60

.55

.50

bow01838_appA_p852-876.qxd

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Appendix A
TA B L E A . 1

Statistical Tables
(continued)
Binomial Probabilities (n equal to 12, 14, and 15)

n ! 12

.05

.10

.15

.20

.25

.30

.35

.40

.45

.50

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

.5404
.3413
.0988
.0173
.0021
.0002
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.2824
.3766
.2301
.0852
.0213
.0038
.0005
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.1422
.3012
.2924
.1720
.0683
.0193
.0040
.0006
.0001
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0687
.2062
.2835
.2362
.1329
.0532
.0155
.0033
.0005
.0001
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0317
.1267
.2323
.2581
.1936
.1032
.0401
.0115
.0024
.0004
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0138
.0712
.1678
.2397
.2311
.1585
.0792
.0291
.0078
.0015
.0002
.0000
.0000

.0057
.0368
.1088
.1954
.2367
.2039
.1281
.0591
.0199
.0048
.0008
.0001
.0000

.0022
.0174
.0639
.1419
.2128
.2270
.1766
.1009
.0420
.0125
.0025
.0003
.0000

.0008
.0075
.0339
.0923
.1700
.2225
.2124
.1489
.0762
.0277
.0068
.0010
.0001

.0002
.0029
.0161
.0537
.1208
.1934
.2256
.1934
.1208
.0537
.0161
.0029
.0002

12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0

.95

.90

.85

.80

.75

.70

.65

.60

.55

.50

n ! 14

.05

.10

.15

.20

.25

.30

.35

.40

.45

.50

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

.4877
.3593
.1229
.0259
.0037
.0004
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.2288
.3559
.2570
.1142
.0349
.0078
.0013
.0002
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.1028
.2539
.2912
.2056
.0998
.0352
.0093
.0019
.0003
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0440
.1539
.2501
.2501
.1720
.0860
.0322
.0092
.0020
.0003
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0178
.0832
.1802
.2402
.2202
.1468
.0734
.0280
.0082
.0018
.0003
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0068
.0407
.1134
.1943
.2290
.1963
.1262
.0618
.0232
.0066
.0014
.0002
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0024
.0181
.0634
.1366
.2022
.2178
.1759
.1082
.0510
.0183
.0049
.0010
.0001
.0000
.0000

.0008
.0073
.0317
.0845
.1549
.2066
.2066
.1574
.0918
.0408
.0136
.0033
.0005
.0001
.0000

.0002
.0027
.0141
.0462
.1040
.1701
.2088
.1952
.1398
.0762
.0312
.0093
.0019
.0002
.0000

.0001
.0009
.0056
.0222
.0611
.1222
.1833
.2095
.1833
.1222
.0611
.0222
.0056
.0009
.0001

14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0

.95

.90

.85

.80

.75

.70

.65

.60

.55

.50

n ! 15

.05

.10

.15

.20

.25

.30

.35

.40

.45

.50

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

.4633
.3658
.1348
.0307
.0049
.0006
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.2059
.3432
.2669
.1285
.0428
.0105
.0019
.0003
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0874
.2312
.2856
.2184
.1156
.0449
.0132
.0030
.0005
.0001
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0352
.1319
.2309
.2501
.1876
.1032
.0430
.0138
.0035
.0007
.0001
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0134
.0668
.1559
.2252
.2252
.1651
.0917
.0393
.0131
.0034
.0007
.0001
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0047
.0305
.0916
.1700
.2186
.2061
.1472
.0811
.0348
.0116
.0030
.0006
.0001
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0016
.0126
.0476
.1110
.1792
.2123
.1906
.1319
.0710
.0298
.0096
.0024
.0004
.0001
.0000
.0000

.0005
.0047
.0219
.0634
.1268
.1859
.2066
.1771
.1181
.0612
.0245
.0074
.0016
.0003
.0000
.0000

.0001
.0016
.0090
.0318
.0780
.1404
.1914
.2013
.1647
.1048
.0515
.0191
.0052
.0010
.0001
.0000

.0000
.0005
.0032
.0139
.0417
.0916
.1527
.1964
.1964
.1527
.0916
.0417
.0139
.0032
.0005
.0000

15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0

.95

.90

.85

.80

.75

.70

.65

.60

.55

.50

(table continued)

855

bow01838_appA_p852-876.qxd

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Page 856

Appendix A
TA B L E A . 1

Statistical Tables

(continued )
Binomial Probabilities (n equal to 16 and 18)
n ! 16

.05

.10

.15

.20

.25

.30

.35

.40

.45

.50

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

.4401
.3706
.1463
.0359
.0061
.0008
.0001
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.1853
.3294
.2745
.1423
.0514
.0137
.0028
.0004
.0001
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0743
.2097
.2775
.2285
.1311
.0555
.0180
.0045
.0009
.0001
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0281
.1126
.2111
.2463
.2001
.1201
.0550
.0197
.0055
.0012
.0002
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0100
.0535
.1336
.2079
.2252
.1802
.1101
.0524
.0197
.0058
.0014
.0002
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0033
.0228
.0732
.1465
.2040
.2099
.1649
.1010
.0487
.0185
.0056
.0013
.0002
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0010
.0087
.0353
.0888
.1553
.2008
.1982
.1524
.0923
.0442
.0167
.0049
.0011
.0002
.0000
.0000

.0003
.0030
.0150
.0468
.1014
.1623
.1983
.1889
.1417
.0840
.0392
.0142
.0040
.0008
.0001
.0000

.0001
.0009
.0056
.0215
.0572
.1123
.1684
.1969
.1812
.1318
.0755
.0337
.0115
.0029
.0005
.0001

.0000
.0002
.0018
.0085
.0278
.0667
.1222
.1746
.1964
.1746
.1222
.0667
.0278
.0085
.0018
.0002

16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1

.95

.90

.85

.80

.75

.70

.65

.60

.55

.50

n ! 18

.05

.10

.15

.20

.25

.30

.35

.40

.45

.50

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17

.3972
.3763
.1683
.0473
.0093
.0014
.0002
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.1501
.3002
.2835
.1680
.0700
.0218
.0052
.0010
.0002
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0536
.1704
.2556
.2406
.1592
.0787
.0301
.0091
.0022
.0004
.0001
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0180
.0811
.1723
.2297
.2153
.1507
.0816
.0350
.0120
.0033
.0008
.0001
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0056
.0338
.0958
.1704
.2130
.1988
.1436
.0820
.0376
.0139
.0042
.0010
.0002
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0016
.0126
.0458
.1046
.1681
.2017
.1873
.1376
.0811
.0386
.0149
.0046
.0012
.0002
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0004
.0042
.0190
.0547
.1104
.1664
.1941
.1792
.1327
.0794
.0385
.0151
.0047
.0012
.0002
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0001
.0012
.0069
.0246
.0614
.1146
.1655
.1892
.1734
.1284
.0771
.0374
.0145
.0045
.0011
.0002
.0000
.0000

.0000
.0003
.0022
.0095
.0291
.0666
.1181
.1657
.1864
.1694
.1248
.0742
.0354
.0134
.0039
.0009
.0001
.0000

.0000
.0001
.0006
.0031
.0117
.0327
.0708
.1214
.1669
.1855
.1669
.1214
.0708
.0327
.0117
.0031
.0006
.0001

18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1

.95

.90

.85

.80

.75

.70

.65

.60

.55

.50

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Appendix A
TA B L E A . 1

Statistical Tables
(concluded )
Binomial Probabilities (n equal to 20)

n ! 20

.05

.10

.15

.20

.25

.30

.35

.40

.45

.50

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

.3585
.3774
.1887
.0596
.0133
.0022
.0003
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.1216
.2702
.2852
.1901
.0898
.0319
.0089
.0020
.0004
.0001
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0388
.1368
.2293
.2428
.1821
.1028
.0454
.0160
.0046
.0011
.0002
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0115
.0576
.1369
.2054
.2182
.1746
.1091
.0545
.0222
.0074
.0020
.0005
.0001
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0032
.0211
.0669
.1339
.1897
.2023
.1686
.1124
.0609
.0271
.0099
.0030
.0008
.0002
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0008
.0068
.0278
.0716
.1304
.1789
.1916
.1643
.1144
.0654
.0308
.0120
.0039
.0010
.0002
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0002
.0020
.0100
.0323
.0738
.1272
.1712
.1844
.1614
.1158
.0686
.0336
.0136
.0045
.0012
.0003
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0000
.0005
.0031
.0123
.0350
.0746
.1244
.1659
.1797
.1597
.1171
.0710
.0355
.0146
.0049
.0013
.0003
.0000
.0000

.0000
.0001
.0008
.0040
.0139
.0365
.0746
.1221
.1623
.1771
.1593
.1185
.0727
.0366
.0150
.0049
.0013
.0002
.0000

.0000
.0000
.0002
.0011
.0046
.0148
.0370
.0739
.1201
.1602
.1762
.1602
.1201
.0739
.0370
.0148
.0046
.0011
.0002

20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2

.95

.90

.85

.80

.75

.70

.65

.60

.55

.50

Source: Binomial Probability Table from STATISTICAL THINKING FOR MANAGERS, 3rd Edition by D. K. Hildebrand & L. Ott, 1991.
Reprinted with permission of South-Western, a division of Thomson Learning, www.thomsonrights.com. Fax 800 730-2215.

TA B L E A . 2

A Poisson Probability Table

Poisson Probabilities (M between .1 and 2.0)
M

.1

.2

.3

.4

.5

.6

.7

.8

.9

1.0

0
1
2
3
4
5
6

.9048
.0905
.0045
.0002
.0000
.0000
.0000

.8187
.1637
.0164
.0011
.0001
.0000
.0000

.7408
.2222
.0333
.0033
.0003
.0000
.0000

.6703
.2681
.0536
.0072
.0007
.0001
.0000

.6065
.3033
.0758
.0126
.0016
.0002
.0000

.5488
.3293
.0988
.0198
.0030
.0004
.0000

.4966
.3476
.1217
.0284
.0050
.0007
.0001

.4493
.3595
.1438
.0383
.0077
.0012
.0002

.4066
.3659
.1647
.0494
.0111
.0020
.0003

.3679
.3679
.1839
.0613
.0153
.0031
.0005

M
x

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.6

1.7

1.8

1.9

2.0

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

.3329
.3662
.2014
.0738
.0203
.0045
.0008
.0001
.0000

.3012
.3614
.2169
.0867
.0260
.0062
.0012
.0002
.0000

.2725
.3543
.2303
.0998
.0324
.0084
.0018
.0003
.0001

.2466
.3452
.2417
.1128
.0395
.0111
.0026
.0005
.0001

.2231
.3347
.2510
.1255
.0471
.0141
.0035
.0008
.0001

.2019
.3230
.2584
.1378
.0551
.0176
.0047
.0011
.0002

.1827
.3106
.2640
.1496
.0636
.0216
.0061
.0015
.0003

.1653
.2975
.2678
.1607
.0723
.0260
.0078
.0020
.0005

.1496
.2842
.2700
.1710
.0812
.0309
.0098
.0027
.0006

.1353
.2707
.2707
.1804
.0902
.0361
.0120
.0034
.0009

(table continued)

857

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Appendix A
TA B L E A . 2

Statistical Tables

(continued )
Poisson Probabilities (M between 2.1 and 5.0)
M
x

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.6

2.7

2.8

2.9

3.0

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

.1225
.2572
.2700
.1890
.0992
.0417
.0146
.0044
.0011
.0003
.0001
.0000

.1108
.2438
.2681
.1966
.1082
.0476
.0174
.0055
.0015
.0004
.0001
.0000

.1003
.2306
.2652
.2033
.1169
.0538
.0206
.0068
.0019
.0005
.0001
.0000

.0907
.2177
.2613
.2090
.1254
.0602
.0241
.0083
.0025
.0007
.0002
.0000

.0821
.2052
.2565
.2138
.1336
.0668
.0278
.0099
.0031
.0009
.0002
.0000

.0743
.1931
.2510
.2176
.1414
.0735
.0319
.0118
.0038
.0011
.0003
.0001

.0672
.1815
.2450
.2205
.1488
.0804
.0362
.0139
.0047
.0014
.0004
.0001

.0608
.1703
.2384
.2225
.1557
.0872
.0407
.0163
.0057
.0018
.0005
.0001

.0550
.1596
.2314
.2237
.1622
.0940
.0455
.0188
.0068
.0022
.0006
.0002

.0498
.1494
.2240
.2240
.1680
.1008
.0504
.0216
.0081
.0027
.0008
.0002

M
x

3.1

3.2

3.3

3.4

3.5

3.6

3.7

3.8

3.9

4.0

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

.0450
.1397
.2165
.2237
.1733
.1075
.0555
.0246
.0095
.0033
.0010
.0003
.0001
.0000

.0408
.1304
.2087
.2226
.1781
.1140
.0608
.0278
.0111
.0040
.0013
.0004
.0001
.0000

.0369
.1217
.2008
.2209
.1823
.1203
.0662
.0312
.0129
.0047
.0016
.0005
.0001
.0000

.0334
.1135
.1929
.2186
.1858
.1264
.0716
.0348
.0148
.0056
.0019
.0006
.0002
.0000

.0302
.1057
.1850
.2158
.1888
.1322
.0771
.0385
.0169
.0066
.0023
.0007
.0002
.0001

.0273
.0984
.1771
.2125
.1912
.1377
.0826
.0425
.0191
.0076
.0028
.0009
.0003
.0001

.0247
.0915
.1692
.2087
.1931
.1429
.0881
.0466
.0215
.0089
.0033
.0011
.0003
.0001

.0224
.0850
.1615
.2046
.1944
.1477
.0936
.0508
.0241
.0102
.0039
.0013
.0004
.0001

.0202
.0789
.1539
.2001
.1951
.1522
.0989
.0551
.0269
.0116
.0045
.0016
.0005
.0002

.0183
.0733
.1465
.1954
.1954
.1563
.1042
.0595
.0298
.0132
.0053
.0019
.0006
.0002

M
x

4.1

4.2

4.3

4.4

4.5

4.6

4.7

4.8

4.9

5.0

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

.0166
.0679
.1393
.1904
.1951
.1600
.1093
.0640
.0328
.0150
.0061
.0023
.0008
.0002
.0001
.0000

.0150
.0630
.1323
.1852
.1944
.1633
.1143
.0686
.0360
.0168
.0071
.0027
.0009
.0003
.0001
.0000

.0136
.0583
.1254
.1798
.1933
.1662
.1191
.0732
.0393
.0188
.0081
.0032
.0011
.0004
.0001
.0000

.0123
.0540
.1188
.1743
.1917
.1687
.1237
.0778
.0428
.0209
.0092
.0037
.0013
.0005
.0001
.0000

.0111
.0500
.1125
.1687
.1898
.1708
.1281
.0824
.0463
.0232
.0104
.0043
.0016
.0006
.0002
.0001

.0101
.0462
.1063
.1631
.1875
.1725
.1323
.0869
.0500
.0255
.0118
.0049
.0019
.0007
.0002
.0001

.0091
.0427
.1005
.1574
.1849
.1738
.1362
.0914
.0537
.0281
.0132
.0056
.0022
.0008
.0003
.0001

.0082
.0395
.0948
.1517
.1820
.1747
.1398
.0959
.0575
.0307
.0147
.0064
.0026
.0009
.0003
.0001

.0074
.0365
.0894
.1460
.1789
.1753
.1432
.1002
.0614
.0334
.0164
.0073
.0030
.0011
.0004
.0001

.0067
.0337
.0842
.1404
.1755
.1755
.1462
.1044
.0653
.0363
.0181
.0082
.0034
.0013
.0005
.0002

bow01838_appA_p852-876.qxd

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Page 859

Appendix A
TA B L E A . 2

Statistical Tables
(concluded )
Poisson Probabilities (M between 5.5 and 20.0)
M

5.5

6.0

6.5

7.0

7.5

8.0

8.5

9.0

9.5

10.0

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23

.0041
.0225
.0618
.1133
.1558
.1714
.1571
.1234
.0849
.0519
.0285
.0143
.0065
.0028
.0011
.0004
.0001
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0025
.0149
.0446
.0892
.1339
.1606
.1606
.1377
.1033
.0688
.0413
.0225
.0113
.0052
.0022
.0009
.0003
.0001
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0015
.0098
.0318
.0688
.1118
.1454
.1575
.1462
.1188
.0858
.0558
.0330
.0179
.0089
.0041
.0018
.0007
.0003
.0001
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0009
.0064
.0223
.0521
.0912
.1277
.1490
.1490
.1304
.1014
.0710
.0452
.0263
.0142
.0071
.0033
.0014
.0006
.0002
.0001
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0006
.0041
.0156
.0389
.0729
.1094
.1367
.1465
.1373
.1144
.0858
.0585
.0366
.0211
.0113
.0057
.0026
.0012
.0005
.0002
.0001
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0003
.0027
.0107
.0286
.0573
.0916
.1221
.1396
.1396
.1241
.0993
.0722
.0481
.0296
.0169
.0090
.0045
.0021
.0009
.0004
.0002
.0001
.0000
.0000

.0002
.0017
.0074
.0208
.0443
.0752
.1066
.1294
.1375
.1299
.1104
.0853
.0604
.0395
.0240
.0136
.0072
.0036
.0017
.0008
.0003
.0001
.0001
.0000

.0001
.0011
.0050
.0150
.0337
.0607
.0911
.1171
.1318
.1318
.1186
.0970
.0728
.0504
.0324
.0194
.0109
.0058
.0029
.0014
.0006
.0003
.0001
.0000

.0001
.0007
.0034
.0107
.0254
.0483
.0764
.1037
.1232
.1300
.1235
.1067
.0844
.0617
.0419
.0265
.0157
.0088
.0046
.0023
.0011
.0005
.0002
.0001

.0000
.0005
.0023
.0076
.0189
.0378
.0631
.0901
.1126
.1251
.1251
.1137
.0948
.0729
.0521
.0347
.0217
.0128
.0071
.0037
.0019
.0009
.0004
.0002

M
x

11.0

12.0

13.0

14.0

15.0

16.0

17.0

18.0

19.0

20.0

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33

.0000
.0002
.0010
.0037
.0102
.0224
.0411
.0646
.0888
.1085
.1194
.1194
.1094
.0926
.0728
.0534
.0367
.0237
.0145
.0084
.0046
.0024
.0012
.0006
.0003
.0001
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0000
.0001
.0004
.0018
.0053
.0127
.0255
.0437
.0655
.0874
.1048
.1144
.1144
.1056
.0905
.0724
.0543
.0383
.0255
.0161
.0097
.0055
.0030
.0016
.0008
.0004
.0002
.0001
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0000
.0000
.0002
.0008
.0027
.0070
.0152
.0281
.0457
.0661
.0859
.1015
.1099
.1099
.1021
.0885
.0719
.0550
.0397
.0272
.0177
.0109
.0065
.0037
.0020
.0010
.0005
.0002
.0001
.0001
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0000
.0000
.0001
.0004
.0013
.0037
.0087
.0174
.0304
.0473
.0663
.0844
.0984
.1060
.1060
.0989
.0866
.0713
.0554
.0409
.0286
.0191
.0121
.0074
.0043
.0024
.0013
.0007
.0003
.0002
.0001
.0000
.0000
.0000

.0000
.0000
.0000
.0002
.0006
.0019
.0048
.0104
.0194
.0324
.0486
.0663
.0829
.0956
.1024
.1024
.0960
.0847
.0706
.0557
.0418
.0299
.0204
.0133
.0083
.0050
.0029
.0016
.0009
.0004
.0002
.0001
.0001
.0000

.0000
.0000
.0000
.0001
.0003
.0010
.0026
.0060
.0120
.0213
.0341
.0496
.0661
.0814
.0930
.0992
.0992
.0934
.0830
.0699
.0559
.0426
.0310
.0216
.0144
.0092
.0057
.0034
.0019
.0011
.0006
.0003
.0001
.0001

.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0001
.0005
.0014
.0034
.0072
.0135
.0230
.0355
.0504
.0658
.0800
.0906
.0963
.0963
.0909
.0814
.0692
.0560
.0433
.0320
.0226
.0154
.0101
.0063
.0038
.0023
.0013
.0007
.0004
.0002

.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0001
.0002
.0007
.0019
.0042
.0083
.0150
.0245
.0368
.0509
.0655
.0786
.0884
.0936
.0936
.0887
.0798
.0684
.0560
.0438
.0328
.0237
.0164
.0109
.0070
.0044
.0026
.0015
.0009
.0005

.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0001
.0004
.0010
.0024
.0050
.0095
.0164
.0259
.0378
.0514
.0650
.0772
.0863
.0911
.0911
.0866
.0783
.0676
.0559
.0442
.0336
.0246
.0173
.0117
.0077
.0049
.0030
.0018
.0010

.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0001
.0002
.0005
.0013
.0029
.0058
.0106
.0176
.0271
.0387
.0516
.0646
.0760
.0844
.0888
.0888
.0846
.0769
.0669
.0557
.0446
.0343
.0254
.0181
.0125
.0083
.0054
.0034
.0020

Source: Computed by D. K. Hildebrand. Found in D. K. Hildebrand and L. Ott, Statistical Thinking for Managers, 3rd ed.
(Boston, MA: PWS-KENT Publishing Company, 1991).

859

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Appendix A

TA B L E A . 3

Statistical Tables

Cumulative Areas under the Standard Normal Curve

0.00

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

"3.9
"3.8
"3.7
"3.6
"3.5
"3.4
"3.3
"3.2
"3.1
"3.0
"2.9
"2.8
"2.7
"2.6
"2.5
"2.4
"2.3
"2.2
"2.1
"2.0
"1.9
"1.8
"1.7
"1.6
"1.5
"1.4
"1.3
"1.2
"1.1
"1.0
"0.9
"0.8
"0.7
"0.6
"0.5
"0.4
"0.3
"0.2
"0.1
"0.0

0.00005
0.00007
0.00011
0.00016
0.00023
0.00034
0.00048
0.00069
0.00097
0.00135
0.0019
0.0026
0.0035
0.0047
0.0062
0.0082
0.0107
0.0139
0.0179
0.0228
0.0287
0.0359
0.0446
0.0548
0.0668
0.0808
0.0968
0.1151
0.1357
0.1587
0.1841
0.2119
0.2420
0.2743
0.3085
0.3446
0.3821
0.4207
0.4602
0.5000

0.00005
0.00007
0.00010
0.00015
0.00022
0.00032
0.00047
0.00066
0.00094
0.00131
0.0018
0.0025
0.0034
0.0045
0.0060
0.0080
0.0104
0.0136
0.0174
0.0222
0.0281
0.0351
0.0436
0.0537
0.0655
0.0793
0.0951
0.1131
0.1335
0.1562
0.1814
0.2090
0.2389
0.2709
0.3050
0.3409
0.3783
0.4168
0.4562
0.4960

0.00004
0.00007
0.00010
0.00015
0.00022
0.00031
0.00045
0.00064
0.00090
0.00126
0.0018
0.0024
0.0033
0.0044
0.0059
0.0078
0.0102
0.0132
0.0170
0.0217
0.0274
0.0344
0.0427
0.0526
0.0643
0.0778
0.0934
0.1112
0.1314
0.1539
0.1788
0.2061
0.2358
0.2676
0.3015
0.3372
0.3745
0.4129
0.4522
0.4920

0.00004
0.00006
0.00010
0.00014
0.00021
0.00030
0.00043
0.00062
0.00087
0.00122
0.0017
0.0023
0.0032
0.0043
0.0057
0.0075
0.0099
0.0129
0.0166
0.0212
0.0268
0.0336
0.0418
0.0516
0.0630
0.0764
0.0918
0.1093
0.1292
0.1515
0.1762
0.2033
0.2327
0.2643
0.2981
0.3336
0.3707
0.4090
0.4483
0.4880

0.00004
0.00006
0.00009
0.00014
0.00020
0.00029
0.00042
0.00060
0.00084
0.00118
0.0016
0.0023
0.0031
0.0041
0.0055
0.0073
0.0096
0.0125
0.0162
0.0207
0.0262
0.0329
0.0409
0.0505
0.0618
0.0749
0.0901
0.1075
0.1271
0.1492
0.1736
0.2005
0.2296
0.2611
0.2946
0.3300
0.3669
0.4052
0.4443
0.4840

0.00004
0.00006
0.00009
0.00013
0.00019
0.00028
0.00040
0.00058
0.00082
0.00114
0.0016
0.0022
0.0030
0.0040
0.0054
0.0071
0.0094
0.0122
0.0158
0.0202
0.0256
0.0322
0.0401
0.0495
0.0606
0.0735
0.0885
0.1056
0.1251
0.1469
0.1711
0.1977
0.2266
0.2578
0.2912
0.3264
0.3632
0.4013
0.4404
0.4801

0.00004
0.00006
0.00008
0.00013
0.00019
0.00027
0.00039
0.00056
0.00079
0.00111
0.0015
0.0021
0.0029
0.0039
0.0052
0.0069
0.0091
0.0119
0.0154
0.0197
0.0250
0.0314
0.0392
0.0485
0.0594
0.0721
0.0869
0.1038
0.1230
0.1446
0.1685
0.1949
0.2236
0.2546
0.2877
0.3228
0.3594
0.3974
0.4364
0.4761

0.00004
0.00005
0.00008
0.00012
0.00018
0.00026
0.00038
0.00054
0.00076
0.00107
0.0015
0.0021
0.0028
0.0038
0.0051
0.0068
0.0089
0.0116
0.0150
0.0192
0.0244
0.0307
0.0384
0.0475
0.0582
0.0708
0.0853
0.1020
0.1210
0.1423
0.1660
0.1922
0.2206
0.2514
0.2843
0.3192
0.3557
0.3936
0.4325
0.4721

0.00003
0.00005
0.00008
0.00012
0.00017
0.00025
0.00036
0.00052
0.00074
0.00103
0.0014
0.0020
0.0027
0.0037
0.0049
0.0066
0.0087
0.0113
0.0146
0.0188
0.0239
0.0301
0.0375
0.0465
0.0571
0.0694
0.0838
0.1003
0.1190
0.1401
0.1635
0.1894
0.2177
0.2482
0.2810
0.3156
0.3520
0.3897
0.4286
0.4681

0.00003
0.00005
0.00008
0.00011
0.00017
0.00024
0.00035
0.00050
0.00071
0.00100
0.0014
0.0019
0.0026
0.0036
0.0048
0.0064
0.0084
0.0110
0.0143
0.0183
0.0233
0.0294
0.0367
0.0455
0.0559
0.0681
0.0823
0.0985
0.1170
0.1379
0.1611
0.1867
0.2148
0.2451
0.2776
0.3121
0.3483
0.3859
0.4247
0.4641

bow01838_appA_p852-876.qxd

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Appendix A
TA B L E A . 3

861

Statistical Tables
Cumulative Areas under the Standard Normal Curve (continued)

0.00

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9

0.5000
0.5398
0.5793
0.6179
0.6554
0.6915
0.7257
0.7580
0.7881
0.8159
0.8413
0.8643
0.8849
0.9032
0.9192
0.9332
0.9452
0.9554
0.9641
0.9713
0.9772
0.9821
0.9861
0.9893
0.9918
0.9938
0.9953
0.9965
0.9974
0.9981
0.99865
0.99903
0.99931
0.99952
0.99966
0.99977
0.99984
0.99989
0.99993
0.99995

0.5040
0.5438
0.5832
0.6217
0.6591
0.6950
0.7291
0.7611
0.7910
0.8186
0.8438
0.8665
0.8869
0.9049
0.9207
0.9345
0.9463
0.9564
0.9649
0.9719
0.9778
0.9826
0.9864
0.9896
0.9920
0.9940
0.9955
0.9966
0.9975
0.9982
0.99869
0.99906
0.99934
0.99953
0.99968
0.99978
0.99985
0.99990
0.99993
0.99995

0.5080
0.5478
0.5871
0.6255
0.6628
0.6985
0.7324
0.7642
0.7939
0.8212
0.8461
0.8686
0.8888
0.9066
0.9222
0.9357
0.9474
0.9573
0.9656
0.9726
0.9783
0.9830
0.9868
0.9898
0.9922
0.9941
0.9956
0.9967
0.9976
0.9982
0.99874
0.99910
0.99936
0.99955
0.99969
0.99978
0.99985
0.99990
0.99993
0.99996

0.5120
0.5517
0.5910
0.6293
0.6664
0.7019
0.7357
0.7673
0.7967
0.8238
0.8485
0.8708
0.8907
0.9082
0.9236
0.9370
0.9484
0.9582
0.9664
0.9732
0.9788
0.9834
0.9871
0.9901
0.9925
0.9943
0.9957
0.9968
0.9977
0.9983
0.99878
0.99913
0.99938
0.99957
0.99970
0.99979
0.99986
0.99990
0.99994
0.99996

0.5160
0.5557
0.5948
0.6331
0.6700
0.7054
0.7389
0.7704
0.7995
0.8264
0.8508
0.8729
0.8925
0.9099
0.9251
0.9382
0.9495
0.9591
0.9671
0.9738
0.9793
0.9838
0.9875
0.9904
0.9927
0.9945
0.9959
0.9969
0.9977
0.9984
0.99882
0.99916
0.99940
0.99958
0.99971
0.99980
0.99986
0.99991
0.99994
0.99996

0.5199
0.5596
0.5987
0.6368
0.6736
0.7088
0.7422
0.7734
0.8023
0.8289
0.8531
0.8749
0.8944
0.9115
0.9265
0.9394
0.9505
0.9599
0.9678
0.9744
0.9798
0.9842
0.9878
0.9906
0.9929
0.9946
0.9960
0.9970
0.9978
0.9984
0.99886
0.99918
0.99942
0.99960
0.99972
0.99981
0.99987
0.99991
0.99994
0.99996

0.5239
0.5636
0.6026
0.6406
0.6772
0.7123
0.7454
0.7764
0.8051
0.8315
0.8554
0.8770
0.8962
0.9131
0.9279
0.9406
0.9515
0.9608
0.9686
0.9750
0.9803
0.9846
0.9881
0.9909
0.9931
0.9948
0.9961
0.9971
0.9979
0.9985
0.99889
0.99921
0.99944
0.99961
0.99973
0.99981
0.99987
0.99992
0.99994
0.99996

0.5279
0.5675
0.6064
0.6443
0.6808
0.7157
0.7486
0.7794
0.8078
0.8340
0.8577
0.8790
0.8980
0.9147
0.9292
0.9418
0.9525
0.9616
0.9693
0.9756
0.9808
0.9850
0.9884
0.9911
0.9932
0.9949
0.9962
0.9972
0.9979
0.9985
0.99893
0.99924
0.99946
0.99962
0.99974
0.99982
0.99988
0.99992
0.99995
0.99996

0.5319
0.5714
0.6103
0.6480
0.6844
0.7190
0.7518
0.7823
0.8106
0.8365
0.8599
0.8810
0.8997
0.9162
0.9306
0.9429
0.9535
0.9625
0.9699
0.9761
0.9812
0.9854
0.9887
0.9913
0.9934
0.9951
0.9963
0.9973
0.9980
0.9986
0.99897
0.99926
0.99948
0.99964
0.99975
0.99983
0.99988
0.99992
0.99995
0.99997

0.5359
0.5753
0.6141
0.6517
0.6879
0.7224
0.7549
0.7852
0.8133
0.8389
0.8621
0.8830
0.9015
0.9177
0.9319
0.9441
0.9545
0.9633
0.9706
0.9767
0.9817
0.9857
0.9890
0.9916
0.9936
0.9952
0.9964
0.9974
0.9981
0.9986
0.99900
0.99929
0.99950
0.99965
0.99976
0.99983
0.99989
0.99992
0.99995
0.99997

bow01838_appA_p852-876.qxd

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Appendix A
TA B L E A . 4

Statistical Tables

A t Table: Values of tA for df ! 1 through 48

!
0

df
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48

t.100

t.05

3.078
1.886
1.638
1.533
1.476
1.440
1.415
1.397
1.383
1.372
1.363
1.356
1.350
1.345
1.341
1.337
1.333
1.330
1.328
1.325
1.323
1.321
1.319
1.318
1.316
1.315
1.314
1.313
1.311
1.310
1.309
1.309
1.308
1.307
1.306
1.306
1.305
1.304
1.304
1.303
1.303
1.302
1.302
1.301
1.301
1.300
1.300
1.299

6.314
2.920
2.353
2.132
2.015
1.943
1.895
1.860
1.833
1.812
1.796
1.782
1.771
1.761
1.753
1.746
1.740
1.734
1.729
1.725
1.721
1.717
1.714
1.711
1.708
1.706
1.703
1.701
1.699
1.697
1.696
1.694
1.692
1.691
1.690
1.688
1.687
1.686
1.685
1.684
1.683
1.682
1.681
1.680
1.679
1.679
1.678
1.677

t!

t.025

t.01

t.005

t.001

12.706
4.303
3.182
2.776
2.571
2.447
2.365
2.306
2.262
2.228
2.201
2.179
2.160
2.145
2.131
2.120
2.110
2.101
2.093
2.086
2.080
2.074
2.069
2.064
2.060
2.056
2.052
2.048
2.045
2.042
2.040
2.037
2.035
2.032
2.030
2.028
2.026
2.024
2.023
2.021
2.020
2.018
2.017
2.015
2.014
2.013
2.012
2.011

31.821
6.965
4.541
3.747
3.365
3.143
2.998
2.896
2.821
2.764
2.718
2.681
2.650
2.624
2.602
2.583
2.567
2.552
2.539
2.528
2.518
2.508
2.500
2.492
2.485
2.479
2.473
2.467
2.462
2.457
2.453
2.449
2.445
2.441
2.438
2.434
2.431
2.429
2.426
2.423
2.421
2.418
2.416
2.414
2.412
2.410
2.408
2.407

63.657
9.925
5.841
4.604
4.032
3.707
3.499
3.355
3.250
3.169
3.106
3.055
3.012
2.977
2.947
2.921
2.898
2.878
2.861
2.845
2.831
2.819
2.807
2.797
2.787
2.779
2.771
2.763
2.756
2.750
2.744
2.738
2.733
2.728
2.724
2.719
2.715
2.712
2.708
2.704
2.701
2.698
2.695
2.692
2.690
2.687
2.685
2.682

318.309
22.327
10.215
7.173
5.893
5.208
4.785
4.501
4.297
4.144
4.025
3.930
3.852
3.787
3.733
3.686
3.646
3.610
3.579
3.552
3.527
3.505
3.485
3.467
3.450
3.435
3.421
3.408
3.396
3.385
3.375
3.365
3.356
3.348
3.340
3.333
3.326
3.319
3.313
3.307
3.301
3.296
3.291
3.286
3.281
3.277
3.273
3.269

t.0005
636.619
31.599
12.924
8.610
6.869
5.959
5.408
5.041
4.781
4.587
4.437
4.318
4.221
4.140
4.073
4.015
3.965
3.922
3.883
3.850
3.819
3.792
3.768
3.745
3.725
3.707
3.690
3.674
3.659
3.646
3.633
3.622
3.611
3.601
3.591
3.582
3.574
3.566
3.558
3.551
3.544
3.538
3.532
3.526
3.520
3.515
3.510
3.505

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Appendix A

Statistical Tables

TA B L E A . 4

(concluded)
A t Table: Values of tA for df ! 49 through 100, 120, and #

df

t.100

t.05

t.025

t.01

t.005

t.001

t.0005

49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
120
#

1.299
1.299
1.298
1.298
1.298
1.297
1.297
1.297
1.297
1.296
1.296
1.296
1.296
1.295
1.295
1.295
1.295
1.295
1.294
1.294
1.294
1.294
1.294
1.293
1.293
1.293
1.293
1.293
1.293
1.292
1.292
1.292
1.292
1.292
1.292
1.292
1.292
1.291
1.291
1.291
1.291
1.291
1.291
1.291
1.291
1.291
1.291
1.290
1.290
1.290
1.290
1.290
1.289
1.282

1.677
1.676
1.675
1.675
1.674
1.674
1.673
1.673
1.672
1.672
1.671
1.671
1.670
1.670
1.669
1.669
1.669
1.668
1.668
1.668
1.667
1.667
1.667
1.666
1.666
1.666
1.665
1.665
1.665
1.665
1.664
1.664
1.664
1.664
1.663
1.663
1.663
1.663
1.663
1.662
1.662
1.662
1.662
1.662
1.661
1.661
1.661
1.661
1.661
1.661
1.660
1.660
1.658
1.645

2.010
2.009
2.008
2.007
2.006
2.005
2.004
2.003
2.002
2.002
2.001
2.000
2.000
1.999
1.998
1.998
1.997
1.997
1.996
1.995
1.995
1.994
1.994
1.993
1.993
1.993
1.992
1.992
1.991
1.991
1.990
1.990
1.990
1.989
1.989
1.989
1.988
1.988
1.988
1.987
1.987
1.987
1.986
1.986
1.986
1.986
1.985
1.985
1.985
1.984
1.984
1.984
1.980
1.960

2.405
2.403
2.402
2.400
2.399
2.397
2.396
2.395
2.394
2.392
2.391
2.390
2.389
2.388
2.387
2.386
2.385
2.384
2.383
2.382
2.382
2.381
2.380
2.379
2.379
2.378
2.377
2.376
2.376
2.375
2.374
2.374
2.373
2.373
2.372
2.372
2.371
2.370
2.370
2.369
2.369
2.368
2.368
2.368
2.367
2.367
2.366
2.366
2.365
2.365
2.365
2.364
2.358
2.326

2.680
2.678
2.676
2.674
2.672
2.670
2.668
2.667
2.665
2.663
2.662
2.660
2.659
2.657
2.656
2.655
2.654
2.652
2.651
2.650
2.649
2.648
2.647
2.646
2.645
2.644
2.643
2.642
2.641
2.640
2.640
2.639
2.638
2.637
2.636
2.636
2.635
2.634
2.634
2.633
2.632
2.632
2.631
2.630
2.630
2.629
2.629
2.628
2.627
2.627
2.626
2.626
2.617
2.576

3.265
3.261
3.258
3.255
3.251
3.248
3.245
3.242
3.239
3.237
3.234
3.232
3.229
3.227
3.225
3.223
3.220
3.218
3.216
3.214
3.213
3.211
3.209
3.207
3.206
3.204
3.202
3.201
3.199
3.198
3.197
3.195
3.194
3.193
3.191
3.190
3.189
3.188
3.187
3.185
3.184
3.183
3.182
3.181
3.180
3.179
3.178
3.177
3.176
3.175
3.175
3.174
3.160
3.090

3.500
3.496
3.492
3.488
3.484
3.480
3.476
3.473
3.470
3.466
3.463
3.460
3.457
3.454
3.452
3.449
3.447
3.444
3.442
3.439
3.437
3.435
3.433
3.431
3.429
3.427
3.425
3.423
3.421
3.420
3.418
3.416
3.415
3.413
3.412
3.410
3.409
3.407
3.406
3.405
3.403
3.402
3.401
3.399
3.398
3.397
3.396
3.395
3.394
3.393
3.392
3.390
3.373
3.291

Source: Provided by J. B. Orris using Excel.

863

An F Table: Values of F.10

.10

Denominator Degrees of Freedom (df2)

10

12

15

20

24

30

40

60

120

39.86
8.53
5.54
4.54
4.06
3.78
3.59
3.46
3.36
3.29
3.23
3.18
3.14
3.10
3.07
3.05
3.03
3.01
2.99
2.97
2.96
2.95
2.94
2.93
2.92
2.91
2.90
2.89
2.89
2.88
2.84
2.79
2.75
2.71

49.50
9.00
5.46
4.32
3.78
3.46
3.26
3.11
3.01
2.92
2.86
2.81
2.76
2.73
2.70
2.67
2.64
2.62
2.61
2.59
2.57
2.56
2.55
2.54
2.53
2.52
2.51
2.50
2.50
2.49
2.44
2.39
2.35
2.30

53.59
9.16
5.39
4.19
3.62
3.29
3.07
2.92
2.81
2.73
2.66
2.61
2.56
2.52
2.49
2.46
2.44
2.42
2.40
2.38
2.36
2.35
2.34
2.33
2.32
2.31
2.30
2.29
2.28
2.28
2.23
2.18
2.13
2.08

55.83
9.24
5.34
4.11
3.52
3.18
2.96
2.81
2.69
2.61
2.54
2.48
2.43
2.39
2.36
2.33
2.31
2.29
2.27
2.25
2.23
2.22
2.21
2.19
2.18
2.17
2.17
2.16
2.15
2.14
2.09
2.04
1.99
1.94

57.24
9.29
5.31
4.05
3.45
3.11
2.88
2.73
2.61
2.52
2.45
2.39
2.35
2.31
2.27
2.24
2.22
2.20
2.18
2.16
2.14
2.13
2.11
2.10
2.09
2.08
2.07
2.06
2.06
2.05
2.00
1.95
1.90
1.85

58.20
9.33
5.28
4.01
3.40
3.05
2.83
2.67
2.55
2.46
2.39
2.33
2.28
2.24
2.21
2.18
2.15
2.13
2.11
2.09
2.08
2.06
2.05
2.04
2.02
2.01
2.00
2.00
1.99
1.98
1.93
1.87
1.82
1.77

58.91
9.35
5.27
3.98
3.37
3.01
2.78
2.62
2.51
2.41
2.34
2.28
2.23
2.19
2.16
2.13
2.10
2.08
2.06
2.04
2.02
2.01
1.99
1.98
1.97
1.96
1.95
1.94
1.93
1.93
1.87
1.82
1.77
1.72

59.44
9.37
5.25
3.95
3.34
2.98
2.75
2.59
2.47
2.38
2.30
2.24
2.20
2.15
2.12
2.09
2.06
2.04
2.02
2.00
1.98
1.97
1.95
1.94
1.93
1.92
1.91
1.90
1.89
1.88
1.83
1.77
1.72
1.67

59.86
9.38
5.24
3.94
3.32
2.96
2.72
2.56
2.44
2.35
2.27
2.21
2.16
2.12
2.09
2.06
2.03
2.00
1.98
1.96
1.95
1.93
1.92
1.91
1.89
1.88
1.87
1.87
1.86
1.85
1.79
1.74
1.68
1.63

60.19
9.39
5.23
3.92
3.30
2.94
2.70
2.54
2.42
2.32
2.25
2.19
2.14
2.10
2.06
2.03
2.00
1.98
1.96
1.94
1.92
1.90
1.89
1.88
1.87
1.86
1.85
1.84
1.83
1.82
1.76
1.71
1.65
1.60

60.71
9.41
5.22
3.90
3.27
2.90
2.67
2.50
2.38
2.28
2.21
2.15
2.10
2.05
2.02
1.99
1.96
1.93
1.91
1.89
1.87
1.86
1.84
1.83
1.82
1.81
1.80
1.79
1.78
1.77
1.71
1.66
1.60
1.55

61.22
9.42
5.20
3.87
3.24
2.87
2.63
2.46
2.34
2.24
2.17
2.10
2.05
2.01
1.97
1.94
1.91
1.89
1.86
1.84
1.83
1.81
1.80
1.78
1.77
1.76
1.75
1.74
1.73
1.72
1.66
1.60
1.55
1.49

61.74
9.44
5.18
3.84
3.21
2.84
2.59
2.42
2.30
2.20
2.12
2.06
2.01
1.96
1.92
1.89
1.86
1.84
1.81
1.79
1.78
1.76
1.74
1.73
1.72
1.71
1.70
1.69
1.68
1.67
1.61
1.54
1.48
1.42

62.00
9.45
5.18
3.83
3.19
2.82
2.58
2.40
2.28
2.18
2.10
2.04
1.98
1.94
1.90
1.87
1.84
1.81
1.79
1.77
1.75
1.73
1.72
1.70
1.69
1.68
1.67
1.66
1.65
1.64
1.57
1.51
1.45
1.38

62.26
9.46
5.17
3.82
3.17
2.80
2.56
2.38
2.25
2.16
2.08
2.01
1.96
1.91
1.87
1.84
1.81
1.78
1.76
1.74
1.72
1.70
1.69
1.67
1.66
1.65
1.64
1.63
1.62
1.61
1.54
1.48
1.41
1.34

62.53
9.47
5.16
3.80
3.16
2.78
2.54
2.36
2.23
2.13
2.05
1.99
1.93
1.89
1.85
1.81
1.78
1.75
1.73
1.71
1.69
1.67
1.66
1.64
1.63
1.61
1.60
1.59
1.58
1.57
1.51
1.44
1.37
1.30

62.79
9.47
5.15
3.79
3.14
2.76
2.51
2.34
2.21
2.11
2.03
1.96
1.90
1.86
1.82
1.78
1.75
1.72
1.70
1.68
1.66
1.64
1.62
1.61
1.59
1.58
1.57
1.56
1.55
1.54
1.47
1.40
1.32
1.24

63.06
9.48
5.14
3.78
3.12
2.74
2.49
2.32
2.18
2.08
2.00
1.93
1.88
1.83
1.79
1.75
1.72
1.69
1.67
1.64
1.62
1.60
1.59
1.57
1.56
1.54
1.53
1.52
1.51
1.50
1.42
1.35
1.26
1.17

63.33
9.49
5.13
3.76
3.10
2.72
2.47
2.29
2.16
2.06
1.97
1.90
1.85
1.80
1.76
1.72
1.69
1.66
1.63
1.61
1.59
1.57
1.55
1.53
1.52
1.50
1.49
1.48
1.47
1.46
1.38
1.29
1.19
1.00

Source: M. Merrington and C. M. Thompson, Tables of Percentage Points of the Inverted Beta (F )-Distribution, Biometrika 33 (1943), pp. 7388. Reproduced by permission of the Biometrika Trustees.

Page 864

10:13 AM

11/20/09

Statistical Tables

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
40
60
120
#

Numerator Degrees of Freedom (df1)

1

Appendix A

df1
df2

F.10

bow01838_appA_p852-876.qxd

864

TA B L E A . 5

An F Table: Values of F.05

.05

df1
3

10

12

15

20

24

30

40

60

120

161.4
18.51
10.13
7.71
6.61
5.99
5.59
5.32
5.12
4.96
4.84
4.75
4.67
4.60
4.54
4.49
4.45
4.41
4.38
4.35
4.32
4.30
4.28
4.26
4.24
4.23
4.21
4.20
4.18
4.17
4.08
4.00
3.92
3.84

199.5
19.00
9.55
6.94
5.79
5.14
4.74
4.46
4.26
4.10
3.98
3.89
3.81
3.74
3.68
3.63
3.59
3.55
3.52
3.49
3.47
3.44
3.42
3.40
3.39
3.37
3.35
3.34
3.33
3.32
3.23
3.15
3.07
3.00

215.7
19.16
9.28
6.59
5.41
4.76
4.35
4.07
3.86
3.71
3.59
3.49
3.41
3.34
3.29
3.24
3.20
3.16
3.13
3.10
3.07
3.05
3.03
3.01
2.99
2.98
2.96
2.95
2.93
2.92
2.84
2.76
2.68
2.60

224.6
19.25
9.12
6.39
5.19
4.53
4.12
3.84
3.63
3.48
3.36
3.26
3.18
3.11
3.06
3.01
2.96
2.93
2.90
2.87
2.84
2.82
2.80
2.78
2.76
2.74
2.73
2.71
2.70
2.69
2.61
2.53
2.45
2.37

230.2
19.30
9.01
6.26
5.05
4.39
3.97
3.69
3.48
3.33
3.20
3.11
3.03
2.96
2.90
2.85
2.81
2.77
2.74
2.71
2.68
2.66
2.64
2.62
2.60
2.59
2.57
2.56
2.55
2.53
2.45
2.37
2.29
2.21

234.0
19.33
8.94
6.16
4.95
4.28
3.87
3.58
3.37
3.22
3.09
3.00
2.92
2.85
2.79
2.74
2.70
2.66
2.63
2.60
2.57
2.55
2.53
2.51
2.49
2.47
2.46
2.45
2.43
2.42
2.34
2.25
2.17
2.10

236.8
19.35
8.89
6.09
4.88
4.21
3.79
3.50
3.29
3.14
3.01
2.91
2.83
2.76
2.71
2.66
2.61
2.58
2.54
2.51
2.49
2.46
2.44
2.42
2.40
2.39
2.37
2.36
2.35
2.33
2.25
2.17
2.09
2.01

238.9
19.37
8.85
6.04
4.82
4.15
3.73
3.44
3.23
3.07
2.95
2.85
2.77
2.70
2.64
2.59
2.55
2.51
2.48
2.45
2.42
2.40
2.37
2.36
2.34
2.32
2.31
2.29
2.28
2.27
2.18
2.10
2.02
1.94

240.5
19.38
8.81
6.00
4.77
4.10
3.68
3.39
3.18
3.02
2.90
2.80
2.71
2.65
2.59
2.54
2.49
2.46
2.42
2.39
2.37
2.34
2.32
2.30
2.28
2.27
2.25
2.24
2.22
2.21
2.12
2.04
1.96
1.88

241.9
19.40
8.79
5.96
4.74
4.06
3.64
3.35
3.14
2.98
2.85
2.75
2.67
2.60
2.54
2.49
2.45
2.41
2.38
2.35
2.32
2.30
2.27
2.25
2.24
2.22
2.20
2.19
2.18
2.16
2.08
1.99
1.91
1.83

243.9
19.41
8.74
5.91
4.68
4.00
3.57
3.28
3.07
2.91
2.79
2.69
2.60
2.53
2.48
2.42
2.38
2.34
2.31
2.28
2.25
2.23
2.20
2.18
2.16
2.15
2.13
2.12
2.10
2.09
2.00
1.92
1.83
1.75

245.9
19.43
8.70
5.86
4.62
3.94
3.51
3.22
3.01
2.85
2.72
2.62
2.53
2.46
2.40
2.35
2.31
2.27
2.23
2.20
2.18
2.15
2.13
2.11
2.09
2.07
2.06
2.04
2.03
2.01
1.92
1.84
1.75
1.67

248.0
19.45
8.66
5.80
4.56
3.87
3.44
3.15
2.94
2.77
2.65
2.54
2.46
2.39
2.33
2.28
2.23
2.19
2.16
2.12
2.10
2.07
2.05
2.03
2.01
1.99
1.97
1.96
1.94
1.93
1.84
1.75
1.66
1.57

249.1
19.45
8.64
5.77
4.53
3.84
3.41
3.12
2.90
2.74
2.61
2.51
2.42
2.35
2.29
2.24
2.19
2.15
2.11
2.08
2.05
2.03
2.01
1.98
1.96
1.95
1.93
1.91
1.90
1.89
1.79
1.70
1.61
1.52

250.1
19.46
8.62
5.75
4.50
3.81
3.38
3.08
2.86
2.70
2.57
2.47
2.38
2.31
2.25
2.19
2.15
2.11
2.07
2.04
2.01
1.98
1.96
1.94
1.92
1.90
1.88
1.87
1.85
1.84
1.74
1.65
1.55
1.46

251.1
19.47
8.59
5.72
4.46
3.77
3.34
3.04
2.83
2.66
2.53
2.43
2.34
2.27
2.20
2.15
2.10
2.06
2.03
1.99
1.96
1.94
1.91
1.89
1.87
1.85
1.84
1.82
1.81
1.79
1.69
1.59
1.50
1.39

252.2
19.48
8.57
5.69
4.43
3.74
3.30
3.01
2.79
2.62
2.49
2.38
2.30
2.22
2.16
2.11
2.06
2.02
1.98
1.95
1.92
1.89
1.86
1.84
1.82
1.80
1.79
1.77
1.75
1.74
1.64
1.53
1.43
1.32

253.3 254.3
19.49 19.50
8.55
8.53
5.66
5.63
4.40
4.36
3.70
3.67
3.27
3.23
2.97
2.93
2.75
2.71
2.58
2.54
2.45
2.40
2.34
2.30
2.25
2.21
2.18
2.13
2.11
2.07
2.06
2.01
2.01
1.96
1.97
1.92
1.93
1.88
1.90
1.84
1.87
1.81
1.84
1.78
1.81
1.76
1.79
1.73
1.77
1.71
1.75
1.69
1.73
1.67
1.71
1.65
1.70
1.64
1.68
1.62
1.58
1.51
1.47
1.39
1.35
1.25
1.22
1.00

865

Source: M. Merrington and C. M. Thompson, Tables of Percentage Points of the Inverted Beta (F )-Distribution, Biometrika 33 (1943), pp. 7388. Reproduced by permission of the Biometrika Trustees.

Page 865

Denominator Degrees of Freedom (df2)

Statistical Tables

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
40
60
120
#

Numerator Degrees of Freedom (df1)

1

10:13 AM

df2

F.05

11/20/09

bow01838_appA_p852-876.qxd

Appendix A

TA B L E A . 6

An F Table: Values of F.025

.025
0

Denominator Degrees of Freedom (df2)

10

12

15

20

24

30

40

60

120

647.8
38.51
17.44
12.22
10.01
8.81
8.07
7.57
7.21
6.94
6.72
6.55
6.41
6.30
6.20
6.12
6.04
5.98
5.92
5.87
5.83
5.79
5.75
5.72
5.69
5.66
5.63
5.61
5.59
5.57
5.42
5.29
5.15
5.02

799.5
39.00
16.04
10.65
8.43
7.26
6.54
6.06
5.71
5.46
5.26
5.10
4.97
4.86
4.77
4.69
4.62
4.56
4.51
4.46
4.42
4.38
4.35
4.32
4.29
4.27
4.24
4.22
4.20
4.18
4.05
3.93
3.80
3.69

864.2
39.17
15.44
9.98
7.76
6.60
5.89
5.42
5.08
4.83
4.63
4.47
4.35
4.24
4.15
4.08
4.01
3.95
3.90
3.86
3.82
3.78
3.75
3.72
3.69
3.67
3.65
3.63
3.61
3.59
3.46
3.34
3.23
3.12

899.6
39.25
15.10
9.60
7.39
6.23
5.52
5.05
4.72
4.47
4.28
4.12
4.00
3.89
3.80
3.73
3.66
3.61
3.56
3.51
3.48
3.44
3.41
3.38
3.35
3.33
3.31
3.29
3.27
3.25
3.13
3.01
2.89
2.79

921.8
39.30
14.88
9.36
7.15
5.99
5.29
4.82
4.48
4.24
4.04
3.89
3.77
3.66
3.58
3.50
3.44
3.38
3.33
3.29
3.25
3.22
3.18
3.15
3.13
3.10
3.08
3.06
3.04
3.03
2.90
2.79
2.67
2.57

937.1
39.33
14.73
9.20
6.98
5.82
5.12
4.65
4.32
4.07
3.88
3.73
3.60
3.50
3.41
3.34
3.28
3.22
3.17
3.13
3.09
3.05
3.02
2.99
2.97
2.94
2.92
2.90
2.88
2.87
2.74
2.63
2.52
2.41

948.2
39.36
14.62
9.07
6.85
5.70
4.99
4.53
4.20
3.95
3.76
3.61
3.48
3.38
3.29
3.22
3.16
3.10
3.05
3.01
2.97
2.93
2.90
2.87
2.85
2.82
2.80
2.78
2.76
2.75
2.62
2.51
2.39
2.29

956.7
39.37
14.54
8.98
6.76
5.60
4.90
4.43
4.10
3.85
3.66
3.51
3.39
3.29
3.20
3.12
3.06
3.01
2.96
2.91
2.87
2.84
2.81
2.78
2.75
2.73
2.71
2.69
2.67
2.65
2.53
2.41
2.30
2.19

963.3
39.39
14.47
8.90
6.68
5.52
4.82
4.36
4.03
3.78
3.59
3.44
3.31
3.21
3.12
3.05
2.98
2.93
2.88
2.84
2.80
2.76
2.73
2.70
2.68
2.65
2.63
2.61
2.59
2.57
2.45
2.33
2.22
2.11

968.6
39.40
14.42
8.84
6.62
5.46
4.76
4.30
3.96
3.72
3.53
3.37
3.25
3.15
3.06
2.99
2.92
2.87
2.82
2.77
2.73
2.70
2.67
2.64
2.61
2.59
2.57
2.55
2.53
2.51
2.39
2.27
2.16
2.05

976.7
39.41
14.34
8.75
6.52
5.37
4.67
4.20
3.87
3.62
3.43
3.28
3.15
3.05
2.96
2.89
2.82
2.77
2.72
2.68
2.64
2.60
2.57
2.54
2.51
2.49
2.47
2.45
2.43
2.41
2.29
2.17
2.05
1.94

984.9
39.43
14.25
8.66
6.43
5.27
4.57
4.10
3.77
3.52
3.33
3.18
3.05
2.95
2.86
2.79
2.72
2.67
2.62
2.57
2.53
2.50
2.47
2.44
2.41
2.39
2.36
2.34
2.32
2.31
2.18
2.06
1.94
1.83

993.1
39.45
14.17
8.56
6.33
5.17
4.47
4.00
3.67
3.42
3.23
3.07
2.95
2.84
2.76
2.68
2.62
2.56
2.51
2.46
2.42
2.39
2.36
2.33
2.30
2.28
2.25
2.23
2.21
2.20
2.07
1.94
1.82
1.71

997.2
39.46
14.12
8.51
6.28
5.12
4.42
3.95
3.61
3.37
3.17
3.02
2.89
2.79
2.70
2.63
2.56
2.50
2.45
2.41
2.37
2.33
2.30
2.27
2.24
2.22
2.19
2.17
2.15
2.14
2.01
1.88
1.76
1.64

1,001
39.46
14.08
8.46
6.23
5.07
4.36
3.89
3.56
3.31
3.12
2.96
2.84
2.73
2.64
2.57
2.50
2.44
2.39
2.35
2.31
2.27
2.24
2.21
2.18
2.16
2.13
2.11
2.09
2.07
1.94
1.82
1.69
1.57

1,006
39.47
14.04
8.41
6.18
5.01
4.31
3.84
3.51
3.26
3.06
2.91
2.78
2.67
2.59
2.51
2.44
2.38
2.33
2.29
2.25
2.21
2.18
2.15
2.12
2.09
2.07
2.05
2.03
2.01
1.88
1.74
1.61
1.48

1,010
39.48
13.99
8.36
6.12
4.96
4.25
3.78
3.45
3.20
3.00
2.85
2.72
2.61
2.52
2.45
2.38
2.32
2.27
2.22
2.18
2.14
2.11
2.08
2.05
2.03
2.00
1.98
1.96
1.94
1.80
1.67
1.53
1.39

1,014
1,018
39.49
39.50
13.95
13.90
8.31
8.26
6.07
6.02
4.90
4.85
4.20
4.14
3.73
3.67
3.39
3.33
3.14
3.08
2.94
2.88
2.79
2.72
2.66
2.60
2.55
2.49
2.46
2.40
2.38
2.32
2.32
2.25
2.26
2.19
2.20
2.13
2.16
2.09
2.11
2.04
2.08
2.00
2.04
1.97
2.01
1.94
1.98
1.91
1.95
1.88
1.93
1.85
1.91
1.83
1.89
1.81
1.87
1.79
1.72
1.64
1.58
1.48
1.43
1.31
1.27
1.00

Source: M. Merrington and C. M. Thompson, Tables of Percentage Points of the Inverted Beta (F )-Distribution, Biometrika 33 (1943), pp. 7388. Reproduced by permission of the Biometrika Trustees.

Page 866

10:13 AM

11/20/09

Numerator Degrees of Freedom (df1)

1

Statistical Tables

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
40
60
120
#

Appendix A

df1
df2

F.025

bow01838_appA_p852-876.qxd

866

TA B L E A . 7

An F Table: Values of F.01

.01

df1
2

10

12

15

20

24

30

40

60

120

4,052
98.50
34.12
21.20
16.26
13.75
12.25
11.26
10.56
10.04
9.65
9.33
9.07
8.86
8.68
8.53
8.40
8.29
8.18
8.10
8.02
7.95
7.88
7.82
7.77
7.72
7.68
7.64
7.60
7.56
7.31
7.08
6.85
6.63

4,999.5
99.00
30.82
18.00
13.27
10.92
9.55
8.65
8.02
7.56
7.21
6.93
6.70
6.51
6.36
6.23
6.11
6.01
5.93
5.85
5.78
5.72
5.66
5.61
5.57
5.53
5.49
5.45
5.42
5.39
5.18
4.98
4.79
4.61

5,403
99.17
29.46
16.69
12.06
9.78
8.45
7.59
6.99
6.55
6.22
5.95
5.74
5.56
5.42
5.29
5.18
5.09
5.01
4.94
4.87
4.82
4.76
4.72
4.68
4.64
4.60
4.57
4.54
4.51
4.31
4.13
3.95
3.78

5,625
99.25
28.71
15.98
11.39
9.15
7.85
7.01
6.42
5.99
5.67
5.41
5.21
5.04
4.89
4.77
4.67
4.58
4.50
4.43
4.37
4.31
4.26
4.22
4.18
4.14
4.11
4.07
4.04
4.02
3.83
3.65
3.48
3.32

5,764
99.30
28.24
15.52
10.97
8.75
7.46
6.63
6.06
5.64
5.32
5.06
4.86
4.69
4.56
4.44
4.34
4.25
4.17
4.10
4.04
3.99
3.94
3.90
3.85
3.82
3.78
3.75
3.73
3.70
3.51
3.34
3.17
3.02

5,859
99.33
27.91
15.21
10.67
8.47
7.19
6.37
5.80
5.39
5.07
4.82
4.62
4.46
4.32
4.20
4.10
4.01
3.94
3.87
3.81
3.76
3.71
3.67
3.63
3.59
3.56
3.53
3.50
3.47
3.29
3.12
2.96
2.80

5,928
99.36
27.67
14.98
10.46
8.26
6.99
6.18
5.61
5.20
4.89
4.64
4.44
4.28
4.14
4.03
3.93
3.84
3.77
3.70
3.64
3.59
3.54
3.50
3.46
3.42
3.39
3.36
3.33
3.30
3.12
2.95
2.79
2.64

5,982
99.37
27.49
14.80
10.29
8.10
6.84
6.03
5.47
5.06
4.74
4.50
4.30
4.14
4.00
3.89
3.79
3.71
3.63
3.56
3.51
3.45
3.41
3.36
3.32
3.29
3.26
3.23
3.20
3.17
2.99
2.82
2.66
2.51

6,022
99.39
27.35
14.66
10.16
7.98
6.72
5.91
5.35
4.94
4.63
4.39
4.19
4.03
3.89
3.78
3.68
3.60
3.52
3.46
3.40
3.35
3.30
3.26
3.22
3.18
3.15
3.12
3.09
3.07
2.89
2.72
2.56
2.41

6,056
99.40
27.23
14.55
10.05
7.87
6.62
5.81
5.26
4.85
4.54
4.30
4.10
3.94
3.80
3.69
3.59
3.51
3.43
3.37
3.31
3.26
3.21
3.17
3.13
3.09
3.06
3.03
3.00
2.98
2.80
2.63
2.47
2.32

6,106
99.42
27.05
14.37
9.89
7.72
6.47
5.67
5.11
4.71
4.40
4.16
3.96
3.80
3.67
3.55
3.46
3.37
3.30
3.23
3.17
3.12
3.07
3.03
2.99
2.96
2.93
2.90
2.87
2.84
2.66
2.50
2.34
2.18

6,157
99.43
26.87
14.20
9.72
7.56
6.31
5.52
4.96
4.56
4.25
4.01
3.82
3.66
3.52
3.41
3.31
3.23
3.15
3.09
3.03
2.98
2.93
2.89
2.85
2.81
2.78
2.75
2.73
2.70
2.52
2.35
2.19
2.04

6,209
99.45
26.69
14.02
9.55
7.40
6.16
5.36
4.81
4.41
4.10
3.86
3.66
3.51
3.37
3.26
3.16
3.08
3.00
2.94
2.88
2.83
2.78
2.74
2.70
2.66
2.63
2.60
2.57
2.55
2.37
2.20
2.03
1.88

6,235
99.46
26.60
13.93
9.47
7.31
6.07
5.28
4.73
4.33
4.02
3.78
3.59
3.43
3.29
3.18
3.08
3.00
2.92
2.86
2.80
2.75
2.70
2.66
2.62
2.58
2.55
2.52
2.49
2.47
2.29
2.12
1.95
1.79

6,261
99.47
26.50
13.84
9.38
7.23
5.99
5.20
4.65
4.25
3.94
3.70
3.51
3.35
3.21
3.10
3.00
2.92
2.84
2.78
2.72
2.67
2.62
2.58
2.54
2.50
2.47
2.44
2.41
2.39
2.20
2.03
1.86
1.70

6,287
99.47
26.41
13.75
9.29
7.14
5.91
5.12
4.57
4.17
3.86
3.62
3.43
3.27
3.13
3.02
2.92
2.84
2.76
2.69
2.64
2.58
2.54
2.49
2.45
2.42
2.38
2.35
2.33
2.30
2.11
1.94
1.76
1.59

6,313
99.48
26.32
13.65
9.20
7.06
5.82
5.03
4.48
4.08
3.78
3.54
3.34
3.18
3.05
2.93
2.83
2.75
2.67
2.61
2.55
2.50
2.45
2.40
2.36
2.33
2.29
2.26
2.23
2.21
2.02
1.84
1.66
1.47

6,339
6,366
99.49
99.50
26.22
26.13
13.56
13.46
9.11
9.02
6.97
6.88
5.74
5.65
4.95
4.86
4.40
4.31
4.00
3.91
3.69
3.60
3.45
3.36
3.25
3.17
3.09
3.00
2.96
2.87
2.84
2.75
2.75
2.65
2.66
2.57
2.58
2.49
2.52
2.42
2.46
2.36
2.40
2.31
2.35
2.26
2.31
2.21
2.27
2.17
2.23
2.13
2.20
2.10
2.17
2.06
2.14
2.03
2.11
2.01
1.92
1.80
1.73
1.60
1.53
1.38
1.32
1.00

867

Source: M. Merrington and C. M. Thompson, Tables of Percentage Points of the Inverted Beta (F )-Distribution, Biometrika 33 (1943), pp. 7388. Reproduced by permission of the Biometrika Trustees.

Page 867

Denominator Degrees of Freedom (df2)

Numerator Degrees of Freedom (df1)

1

Statistical Tables

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
40
60
120
#

10:13 AM

df2

F.01

11/20/09

bow01838_appA_p852-876.qxd

Appendix A

TA B L E A . 8

8.93
4.13
3.33
3.01
2.85
2.75
2.68
2.63
2.59
2.56
2.54
2.52
2.50
2.49
2.48
2.47
2.46
2.45
2.45
2.44
2.42
2.40
2.38
2.36
2.34
2.33

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
24
30
40
60
120
#

16.4
6.77
5.20
4.59
4.26
4.07
3.93
3.83
3.76
3.70
3.66
3.62
3.59
3.56
3.54
3.52
3.50
3.49
3.47
3.46
3.42
3.39
3.35
3.31
3.28
3.24

4
18.5
7.54
5.74
5.03
4.66
4.44
4.28
4.17
4.08
4.02
3.96
3.92
3.88
3.85
3.83
3.80
3.78
3.77
3.75
3.74
3.69
3.65
3.60
3.56
3.52
3.48

5
20.2
8.14
6.16
5.39
4.98
4.73
4.55
4.43
4.34
4.26
4.20
4.16
4.12
4.08
4.05
4.03
4.00
3.98
3.97
3.95
3.90
3.85
3.80
3.75
3.71
3.66

6
21.5
8.63
6.51
5.68
5.24
4.97
4.78
4.65
4.54
4.47
4.40
4.35
4.30
4.27
4.23
4.21
4.18
4.16
4.14
4.12
4.07
4.02
3.96
3.91
3.86
3.81

7
22.6
9.05
6.81
5.93
5.46
5.17
4.97
4.83
4.72
4.64
4.57
4.51
4.46
4.42
4.39
4.36
4.33
4.31
4.29
4.27
4.21
4.16
4.10
4.04
3.99
3.93

8
23.6
9.41
7.06
6.14
5.65
5.34
5.14
4.99
4.87
4.78
4.71
4.65
4.60
4.56
4.52
4.49
4.46
4.44
4.42
4.40
4.34
4.28
4.21
4.16
4.10
4.04

9
24.5
9.72
7.29
6.33
5.82
5.50
5.28
5.13
5.01
4.91
4.84
4.78
4.72
4.68
4.64
4.61
4.58
4.55
4.53
4.51
4.44
4.38
4.32
4.25
4.19
4.13

10
25.2
10.0
7.49
6.49
5.97
5.64
5.41
5.25
5.13
5.03
4.95
4.89
4.83
4.79
4.75
4.71
4.68
4.65
4.63
4.61
4.54
4.47
4.41
4.34
4.28
4.21

11
25.9
10.3
7.67
6.65
6.10
5.76
5.53
5.36
5.23
5.13
5.05
4.99
4.93
4.88
4.84
4.81
4.77
4.75
4.72
4.70
4.63
4.56
4.49
4.42
4.35
4.28

12
26.5
10.5
7.83
6.78
6.22
5.87
5.64
5.46
5.33
5.23
5.15
5.08
5.02
4.97
4.93
4.89
4.86
4.83
4.80
4.78
4.71
4.64
4.56
4.49
4.42
4.35

13
27.1
10.7
7.98
6.91
6.34
5.98
5.74
5.56
5.42
5.32
5.23
5.16
5.10
5.05
5.01
4.97
4.93
4.90
4.88
4.85
4.78
4.71
4.63
4.56
4.48
4.41

14
27.6
10.9
8.12
7.02
6.44
6.07
5.83
5.64
5.51
5.40
5.31
5.24
5.18
5.12
5.08
5.04
5.01
4.98
4.95
4.92
4.85
4.77
4.69
4.62
4.54
4.47

15

28.1
11.1
8.25
7.13
6.54
6.16
5.91
5.72
5.58
5.47
5.38
5.31
5.25
5.19
5.15
5.11
5.07
5.04
5.01
4.99
4.91
4.83
4.75
4.67
4.60
4.52

16

28.5
11.2
8.37
7.23
6.63
6.25
5.99
5.80
5.66
5.54
5.45
5.37
5.31
5.26
5.21
5.17
5.13
5.10
5.07
5.05
4.97
4.89
4.81
4.73
4.65
4.57

17

29.0
11.4
8.48
7.33
6.71
6.32
6.06
5.87
5.72
5.61
5.51
5.44
5.37
5.32
5.27
5.23
5.19
5.16
5.13
5.10
5.02
4.94
4.86
4.78
4.69
4.61

18

29.3
11.5
8.58
7.41
6.79
6.40
6.13
5.93
5.79
5.67
5.57
5.49
5.43
5.37
5.32
5.28
5.24
5.21
5.18
5.16
5.07
4.99
4.90
4.82
4.74
4.65

19

29.7
11.7
8.68
7.50
6.86
6.47
6.19
6.00
5.85
5.73
5.63
5.55
5.48
5.43
5.38
5.33
5.30
5.26
5.23
5.20
5.12
5.03
4.95
4.86
4.78
4.69

20

Appendix A

13.4
5.73
4.47
3.98
3.72
3.56
3.45
3.37
3.32
3.27
3.23
3.20
3.18
3.16
3.14
3.12
3.11
3.10
3.09
3.08
3.05
3.02
2.99
2.96
2.93
2.90

10:13 AM

Entry is q.10

Percentage Points of the Studentized Range

(Note: r is the first value and v is the second value referred to in Chapter 11.)

868

11/20/09

TA B L E A . 9

bow01838_appA_p852-876.qxd
Page 868

Statistical Tables

Entry is q.05
v

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

18.0
6.08
4.50
3.93
3.64
3.46
3.34
3.26
3.20
3.15
3.11
3.08
3.06
3.03
3.01
3.00
2.98
2.97
2.96
2.95
2.92
2.89
2.86
2.83
2.80
2.77

27.0
8.33
5.91
5.04
4.60
4.34
4.16
4.04
3.95
3.88
3.82
3.77
3.73
3.70
3.67
3.65
3.63
3.61
3.59
3.58
3.53
3.49
3.44
3.40
3.36
3.31

32.8
9.80
6.82
5.76
5.22
4.90
4.68
4.53
4.41
4.33
4.26
4.20
4.15
4.11
4.08
4.05
4.02
4.00
3.98
3.96
3.90
3.85
3.79
3.74
3.68
3.63

37.1
10.9
7.50
6.29
5.67
5.30
5.06
4.89
4.76
4.65
4.57
4.51
4.45
4.41
4.37
4.33
4.30
4.28
4.25
4.23
4.17
4.10
4.04
3.98
3.92
3.86

40.4
11.7
8.04
6.71
6.03
5.63
5.36
5.17
5.02
4.91
4.82
4.75
4.69
4.64
4.59
4.56
4.52
4.49
4.47
4.45
4.37
4.30
4.23
4.16
4.10
4.03

43.1
12.4
8.48
7.05
6.33
5.90
5.61
5.40
5.24
5.12
5.03
4.95
4.88
4.83
4.78
4.74
4.70
4.67
4.65
4.62
4.54
4.46
4.39
4.31
4.24
4.17

45.4
13.0
8.85
7.35
6.58
6.12
5.82
5.60
5.43
5.30
5.20
5.12
5.05
4.99
4.94
4.90
4.86
4.82
4.79
4.77
4.68
4.60
4.52
4.44
4.36
4.29

47.4
13.5
9.18
7.60
6.80
6.32
6.00
5.77
5.59
5.46
5.35
5.27
5.19
5.13
5.08
5.03
4.99
4.96
4.92
4.90
4.81
4.72
4.63
4.55
4.47
4.39

49.1
14.0
9.46
7.83
6.99
6.49
6.16
5.92
5.74
5.60
5.49
5.39
5.32
5.25
5.20
5.15
5.11
5.07
5.04
5.01
4.92
4.82
4.73
4.65
4.56
4.47

50.6
14.4
9.72
8.03
7.17
6.65
6.30
6.05
5.87
5.72
5.61
5.51
5.43
5.36
5.31
5.26
5.21
5.17
5.14
5.11
5.01
4.92
4.82
4.73
4.64
4.55

52.0
14.7
9.95
8.21
7.32
6.79
6.43
6.18
5.98
5.83
5.71
5.61
5.53
5.46
5.40
5.35
5.31
5.27
5.23
5.20
5.10
5.00
4.90
4.81
4.71
4.62

53.2
15.1
10.2
8.37
7.47
6.92
6.55
6.29
6.09
5.93
5.81
5.71
5.63
5.55
5.49
5.44
5.39
5.35
5.31
5.28
5.18
5.08
4.98
4.88
4.78
4.68

54.3
15.4
10.3
8.52
7.60
7.03
6.66
6.39
6.19
6.03
5.90
5.80
5.71
5.64
5.57
5.52
5.47
5.43
5.39
5.36
5.25
5.15
5.04
4.94
4.84
4.74

55.4
15.7
10.5
8.66
7.72
7.14
6.76
6.48
6.28
6.11
5.98
5.88
5.79
5.71
5.65
5.59
5.54
5.50
5.46
5.43
5.32
5.21
5.11
5.00
4.90
4.80

56.3
15.9
10.7
8.79
7.83
7.24
6.85
6.57
6.36
6.19
6.06
5.95
5.86
5.79
5.72
5.66
5.61
5.57
5.53
5.49
5.38
5.27
5.16
5.06
4.95
4.85

57.2
16.1
10.8
8.91
7.93
7.34
6.94
6.65
6.44
6.27
6.13
6.02
5.93
5.85
5.78
5.73
5.67
5.63
5.59
5.55
5.44
5.33
5.22
5.11
5.00
4.89

58.0
16.4
11.0
9.03
8.03
7.43
7.02
6.73
6.51
6.34
6.20
6.09
5.99
5.91
5.85
5.79
5.73
5.69
5.65
5.61
5.49
5.38
5.27
5.15
5.04
4.93

58.8
16.6
11.1
9.13
8.12
7.51
7.10
6.80
6.58
6.40
6.27
6.15
6.05
5.97
5.90
5.84
5.79
5.74
5.70
5.66
5.55
5.43
5.31
5.20
5.09
4.97

59.6
16.8
11.2
9.23
8.21
7.59
7.17
6.87
6.64
6.47
6.33
6.21
6.11
6.03
5.96
5.90
5.84
5.79
5.75
5.71
5.59
5.47
5.36
5.24
5.13
5.01

(table continued)

Page 869

10:13 AM

11/20/09

Statistical Tables

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
24
30
40
60
120
#

bow01838_appA_p852-876.qxd

(continued )

Appendix A

TA B L E A . 9

869

135
19.0
10.6
8.12
6.97
6.33
5.92
5.63
5.43
5.27
5.14
5.04
4.96
4.89
4.83
4.78
4.74
4.70
4.67
4.64
4.54
4.45
4.37
4.28
4.20
4.12

3
164
22.3
12.2
9.17
7.80
7.03
6.54
6.20
5.96
5.77
5.62
5.50
5.40
5.32
5.25
5.19
5.14
5.09
5.05
5.02
4.91
4.80
4.70
4.60
4.50
4.40

4
186
24.7
13.3
9.96
8.42
7.56
7.01
6.63
6.35
6.14
5.97
5.84
5.73
5.63
5.56
5.49
5.43
5.38
5.33
5.29
5.17
5.05
4.93
4.82
4.71
4.60

5
202
26.6
14.2
10.6
8.91
7.97
7.37
6.96
6.66
6.43
6.25
6.10
5.98
5.88
5.80
5.72
5.66
5.60
5.55
5.51
5.37
5.24
5.11
4.99
4.87
4.76

6
216
28.2
15.0
11.1
9.32
8.32
7.68
7.24
6.91
6.67
6.48
6.32
6.19
6.08
5.99
5.92
5.85
5.79
5.73
5.69
5.54
5.40
5.27
5.13
5.01
4.88

7
227
29.5
15.6
11.5
9.67
8.61
7.94
7.47
7.13
6.87
6.67
6.51
6.37
6.26
6.16
6.08
6.01
5.94
5.89
5.84
5.69
5.54
5.39
5.25
5.12
4.99

8
237
30.7
16.2
11.9
9.97
8.87
8.17
7.68
7.32
7.05
6.84
6.67
6.53
6.41
6.31
6.22
6.15
6.08
6.02
5.97
5.81
5.65
5.50
5.36
5.21
5.08

9
246
31.7
16.7
12.3
10.2
9.10
8.37
7.87
7.49
7.21
6.99
6.81
6.67
6.54
6.44
6.35
6.27
6.20
6.14
6.09
5.92
5.76
5.60
5.45
5.30
5.16

10
253
32.6
17.1
12.6
10.5
9.30
8.55
8.03
7.65
7.36
7.13
6.94
6.79
6.66
6.55
6.46
6.38
6.31
6.25
6.19
6.02
5.85
5.69
5.53
5.38
5.23

11

260
33.4
17.5
12.8
10.7
9.49
8.71
8.18
7.78
7.48
7.25
7.06
6.90
6.77
6.66
6.56
6.48
6.41
6.34
6.29
6.11
5.93
5.77
5.60
5.44
5.29

12
266
34.1
17.9
13.1
10.9
9.65
8.86
8.31
7.91
7.60
7.36
7.17
7.01
6.87
6.76
6.66
6.57
6.50
6.43
6.37
6.19
6.01
5.84
5.67
5.51
5.35

13
272
34.8
18.2
13.3
11.1
9.81
9.00
8.44
8.03
7.71
7.46
7.26
7.10
6.96
6.84
6.74
6.66
6.58
6.51
6.45
6.26
6.08
5.90
5.73
5.56
5.40

14
277
35.4
18.5
13.5
11.2
9.95
9.12
8.55
8.13
7.81
7.56
7.36
7.19
7.05
6.93
6.82
6.73
6.65
6.58
6.52
6.33
6.14
5.96
5.79
5.61
5.45

15
282
36.0
18.8
13.7
11.4
10.1
9.24
8.66
8.23
7.91
7.65
7.44
7.27
7.12
7.00
6.90
6.80
6.72
6.65
6.59
6.39
6.20
6.02
5.84
5.66
5.49

16
286
36.5
19.1
13.9
11.6
10.2
9.35
8.76
8.32
7.99
7.73
7.52
7.34
7.20
7.07
6.97
6.87
6.79
6.72
6.65
6.45
6.26
6.07
5.89
5.71
5.54

17
290
37.0
19.3
14.1
11.7
10.3
9.46
8.85
8.41
8.07
7.81
7.59
7.42
7.27
7.14
7.03
6.94
6.85
6.78
6.71
6.51
6.31
6.12
5.93
5.75
5.57

18

20
294
298
37.5
37.9
19.5
19.8
14.2
14.4
11.8
11.9
10.4
10.5
9.55
9.65
8.94
9.03
8.49
8.57
8.15
8.22
7.88
7.95
7.66
7.73
7.48
7.55
7.33
7.39
7.20
7.26
7.09
7.15
7.00
7.05
6.91
6.96
6.84
6.89
6.76
6.82
6.56
6.61
6.36
6.41
6.17
6.21
5.98
6.02
5.79
5.83
5.61
5.65

19

11/20/09
10:13 AM

Source: Henry Scheffe, The Analysis of Variance, pp. 41416, 1959 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Reprinted by permission of John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

90.0
14.0
8.26
6.51
5.70
5.24
4.95
4.74
4.60
4.48
4.39
4.32
4.26
4.21
4.17
4.13
4.10
4.07
4.05
4.02
3.96
3.89
3.82
3.76
3.70
3.64

(concluded )

870

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
24
30
40
60
120
#

Entry is q.01

TA B L E A . 9

bow01838_appA_p852-876.qxd
Page 870

Appendix A
Statistical Tables

1.08
1.10
1.13
1.16
1.18
1.20
1.22
1.24
1.26
1.27
1.29
1.30
1.32
1.33
1.34
1.35
1.36
1.37
1.38
1.39
1.40
1.41
1.42
1.43
1.43
1.44
1.48
1.50
1.53
1.55
1.57
1.58
1.60
1.61
1.62
1.63
1.64
1.65

15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100

1.36
1.37
1.38
1.39
1.40
1.41
1.42
1.43
1.44
1.45
1.45
1.46
1.47
1.48
1.48
1.49
1.50
1.50
1.51
1.51
1.52
1.52
1.53
1.54
1.54
1.54
1.57
1.59
1.60
1.62
1.63
1.64
1.65
1.66
1.67
1.68
1.69
1.69

dU,.05

0.95
0.98
1.02
1.05
1.08
1.10
1.13
1.15
1.17
1.19
1.21
1.22
1.24
1.26
1.27
1.28
1.30
1.31
1.32
1.33
1.34
1.35
1.36
1.37
1.38
1.39
1.43
1.46
1.49
1.51
1.54
1.55
1.57
1.59
1.60
1.61
1.62
1.63

dL,.05
1.54
1.54
1.54
1.53
1.53
1.54
1.54
1.54
1.54
1.55
1.55
1.55
1.56
1.56
1.56
1.57
1.57
1.57
1.58
1.58
1.58
1.59
1.59
1.59
1.60
1.60
1.62
1.63
1.64
1.65
1.66
1.67
1.68
1.69
1.70
1.70
1.71
1.72

dU,.05

k!2

0.82
0.86
0.90
0.93
0.97
1.00
1.03
1.05
1.08
1.10
1.12
1.14
1.16
1.18
1.20
1.21
1.23
1.24
1.26
1.27
1.28
1.29
1.31
1.32
1.33
1.34
1.38
1.42
1.45
1.48
1.50
1.52
1.54
1.56
1.57
1.59
1.60
1.61

dL,.05
1.75
1.73
1.71
1.69
1.68
1.68
1.67
1.66
1.66
1.66
1.66
1.65
1.65
1.65
1.65
1.65
1.65
1.65
1.65
1.65
1.65
1.65
1.66
1.66
1.66
1.66
1.67
1.67
1.68
1.69
1.70
1.70
1.71
1.72
1.72
1.73
1.73
1.74

dU,.05

k!3

0.69
0.74
0.78
0.82
0.86
0.90
0.93
0.96
0.99
1.01
1.04
1.06
1.08
1.10
1.12
1.14
1.16
1.18
1.19
1.21
1.22
1.24
1.25
1.26
1.27
1.29
1.34
1.38
1.41
1.44
1.47
1.49
1.51
1.53
1.55
1.57
1.58
1.59

dL,.05
1.97
1.93
1.90
1.87
1.85
1.83
1.81
1.80
1.79
1.78
1.77
1.76
1.76
1.75
1.74
1.74
1.74
1.73
1.73
1.73
1.73
1.73
1.72
1.72
1.72
1.72
1.72
1.72
1.72
1.73
1.73
1.74
1.74
1.74
1.75
1.75
1.75
1.76

dU,.05

k!4

0.56
0.62
0.67
0.71
0.75
0.79
0.83
0.86
0.90
0.93
0.95
0.98
1.01
1.03
1.05
1.07
1.09
1.11
1.13
1.15
1.16
1.18
1.19
1.21
1.22
1.23
1.29
1.34
1.38
1.41
1.44
1.46
1.49
1.51
1.52
1.54
1.56
1.57

dL,.05
2.21
2.15
2.10
2.06
2.02
1.99
1.96
1.94
1.92
1.90
1.89
1.88
1.86
1.85
1.84
1.83
1.83
1.82
1.81
1.81
1.80
1.80
1.80
1.79
1.79
1.79
1.78
1.77
1.77
1.77
1.77
1.77
1.77
1.77
1.77
1.78
1.78
1.78

dU,.05

k!5

Critical Values for the DurbinWatson d Statistic (A ! .05)

0.95
0.98
1.01
1.03
1.06
1.08
1.10
1.12
1.14
1.16
1.18
1.19
1.21
1.22
1.24
1.25
1.26
1.27
1.28
1.29
1.30
1.31
1.32
1.33
1.34
1.35
1.39
1.42
1.45
1.47
1.49
1.51
1.53
1.54
1.56
1.57
1.58
1.59

15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100

1.23
1.24
1.25
1.26
1.28
1.28
1.30
1.31
1.32
1.33
1.34
1.35
1.36
1.37
1.38
1.38
1.39
1.40
1.41
1.41
1.42
1.43
1.43
1.44
1.44
1.45
1.48
1.50
1.52
1.54
1.55
1.57
1.58
1.59
1.60
1.61
1.62
1.63

dU,.025
0.83
0.86
0.90
0.93
0.96
0.99
1.01
1.04
1.06
1.08
1.10
1.12
1.13
1.15
1.17
1.18
1.20
1.21
1.22
1.24
1.25
1.26
1.27
1.28
1.29
1.30
1.34
1.38
1.41
1.44
1.46
1.48
1.50
1.52
1.53
1.55
1.56
1.57

dL,.025
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.41
1.41
1.41
1.42
1.42
1.43
1.43
1.44
1.44
1.45
1.45
1.46
1.47
1.47
1.48
1.48
1.48
1.49
1.49
1.50
1.50
1.51
1.53
1.54
1.56
1.57
1.59
1.60
1.61
1.62
1.63
1.64
1.65
1.65

dU,.025

k!2

0.71
0.75
0.79
0.82
0.86
0.89
0.92
0.95
0.97
1.00
1.02
1.04
1.06
1.08
1.10
1.12
1.13
1.15
1.16
1.17
1.19
1.20
1.21
1.23
1.24
1.25
1.30
1.34
1.37
1.40
1.43
1.45
1.47
1.49
1.51
1.53
1.54
1.55

dL,.025
1.61
1.59
1.58
1.56
1.55
1.55
1.54
1.54
1.54
1.54
1.54
1.54
1.54
1.54
1.54
1.54
1.55
1.55
1.55
1.55
1.55
1.56
1.56
1.56
1.56
1.57
1.58
1.59
1.60
1.61
1.62
1.63
1.64
1.65
1.65
1.66
1.67
1.67

dU,.025

k!3

0.59
0.64
0.68
0.72
0.76
0.79
0.83
0.86
0.89
0.91
0.94
0.96
0.99
1.01
1.03
1.05
1.07
1.08
1.10
1.12
1.13
1.15
1.16
1.17
1.19
1.20
1.25
1.30
1.33
1.37
1.40
1.42
1.45
1.47
1.49
1.50
1.52
1.53

dL,.025
1.84
1.80
1.77
1.74
1.72
1.70
1.69
1.68
1.67
1.66
1.65
1.65
1.64
1.64
1.63
1.63
1.63
1.63
1.63
1.63
1.63
1.63
1.62
1.62
1.63
1.63
1.63
1.64
1.64
1.65
1.66
1.66
1.67
1.67
1.68
1.69
1.69
1.70

dU,.025

k!4

0.48
0.53
0.57
0.62
0.66
0.70
0.73
0.77
0.80
0.83
0.86
0.88
0.91
0.93
0.96
0.98
1.00
1.02
1.04
1.06
1.07
1.09
1.10
1.12
1.13
1.15
1.21
1.26
1.30
1.33
1.36
1.39
1.42
1.44
1.46
1.48
1.50
1.51

2.09
2.03
1.98
1.93
1.90
1.87
1.84
1.82
1.80
1.79
1.77
1.76
1.75
1.74
1.73
1.73
1.72
1.71
1.71
1.70
1.70
1.70
1.70
1.70
1.69
1.69
1.69
1.69
1.69
1.69
1.69
1.70
1.70
1.70
1.71
1.71
1.71
1.72

dU,.025

k!5
dL,.025

Critical Values for the DurbinWatson d Statistic (A ! .025)

10:13 AM

Statistical Tables

Source: J. Durbin and G. S. Watson, Testing for Serial Correlation in Least Squares Regression, II, Biometrika 30
(1951), pp. 15978. Reproduced by permission of the Biometrika Trustees.

dL,.025

k!1

TA B L E A . 1 1

Appendix A

11/20/09

Source: J. Durbin and G. S. Watson, Testing for Serial Correlation in Least Squares Regression, II,
Biometrika 30 (1951), pp. 15978. Reproduced by permission of the Biometrika Trustees.

dL,.05

k!1

TA B L E A . 1 0

bow01838_appA_p852-876.qxd
Page 871

871

0.81
0.84
0.87
0.90
0.93
0.95
0.97
1.00
1.02
1.04
1.05
1.07
1.09
1.10
1.12
1.13
1.15
1.16
1.17
1.18
1.19
1.21
1.22
1.23
1.24
1.25
1.29
1.32
1.36
1.38
1.41
1.43
1.45
1.47
1.48
1.50
1.51
1.52

15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100

1.07
1.09
1.10
1.12
1.13
1.15
1.16
1.17
1.19
1.20
1.21
1.22
1.23
1.24
1.25
1.26
1.27
1.28
1.29
1.30
1.31
1.32
1.32
1.33
1.34
1.34
1.38
1.40
1.43
1.45
1.47
1.49
1.50
1.52
1.53
1.54
1.55
1.56

dU,.01
0.70
0.74
0.77
0.80
0.83
0.86
0.89
0.91
0.94
0.96
0.98
1.00
1.02
1.04
1.05
1.07
1.08
1.10
1.11
1.13
1.14
1.15
1.16
1.18
1.19
1.20
1.24
1.28
1.32
1.35
1.38
1.40
1.42
1.44
1.46
1.47
1.49
1.50

dL,.01
1.25
1.25
1.25
1.26
1.26
1.27
1.27
1.28
1.29
1.30
1.30
1.31
1.32
1.32
1.33
1.34
1.34
1.35
1.36
1.36
1.37
1.38
1.38
1.39
1.39
1.40
1.42
1.45
1.47
1.48
1.50
1.52
1.53
1.54
1.55
1.56
1.57
1.58

dU,.01

k!2

0.59
0.63
0.67
0.71
0.74
0.77
0.80
0.83
0.86
0.88
0.90
0.93
0.95
0.97
0.99
1.01
1.02
1.04
1.05
1.07
1.08
1.10
1.11
1.12
1.14
1.15
1.20
1.24
1.28
1.32
1.35
1.37
1.39
1.42
1.43
1.45
1.47
1.48

dL,.01
1.46
1.44
1.43
1.42
1.41
1.41
1.41
1.40
1.40
1.41
1.41
1.41
1.41
1.41
1.42
1.42
1.42
1.43
1.43
1.43
1.44
1.44
1.45
1.45
1.45
1.46
1.48
1.49
1.51
1.52
1.53
1.55
1.56
1.57
1.58
1.59
1.60
1.60

dU,.01

k!3

0.49
0.53
0.57
0.61
0.65
0.68
0.72
0.75
0.77
0.80
0.83
0.85
0.88
0.90
0.92
0.94
0.96
0.98
1.00
1.01
1.03
1.04
1.06
1.07
1.09
1.10
1.16
1.20
1.25
1.28
1.31
1.34
1.37
1.39
1.41
1.43
1.45
1.46

dL,.01
1.70
1.66
1.63
1.60
1.58
1.57
1.55
1.54
1.53
1.53
1.52
1.52
1.51
1.51
1.51
1.51
1.51
1.51
1.51
1.51
1.51
1.51
1.51
1.52
1.52
1.52
1.53
1.54
1.55
1.56
1.57
1.58
1.59
1.60
1.60
1.61
1.62
1.63

dU,.01

k!4

Critical Values for the DurbinWatson d Statistic (A ! .01)

0.39
0.44
0.48
0.52
0.56
0.60
0.63
0.66
0.70
0.72
0.75
0.78
0.81
0.83
0.85
0.88
0.90
0.92
0.94
0.95
0.97
0.99
1.00
1.02
1.03
1.05
1.11
1.16
1.21
1.25
1.28
1.31
1.34
1.36
1.39
1.41
1.42
1.44

dL,.01
1.96
1.90
1.85
1.80
1.77
1.74
1.71
1.69
1.67
1.66
1.65
1.64
1.63
1.62
1.61
1.61
1.60
1.60
1.59
1.59
1.59
1.59
1.59
1.58
1.58
1.58
1.58
1.59
1.59
1.60
1.61
1.61
1.62
1.62
1.63
1.64
1.64
1.65

dU,.01

k!5

1.880
1.023
0.729
0.577
0.483
0.419
0.373
0.337
0.308
0.285
0.266
0.249
0.235
0.223
0.212
0.203
0.194
0.187
0.180
0.173
0.167
0.162
0.157
0.153

Subgroup
Size,
n
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Chart for
)
Averages (x

0.076
0.136
0.184
0.223
0.256
0.283
0.307
0.328
0.347
0.363
0.378
0.391
0.403
0.415
0.425
0.434
0.443
0.451
0.459

D3

Factors for
Control
Limits

3.267
2.574
2.282
2.114
2.004
1.924
1.864
1.816
1.777
1.744
1.717
1.693
1.672
1.653
1.637
1.622
1.608
1.597
1.585
1.575
1.566
1.557
1.548
1.541

D4

872

1.128
1.693
2.059
2.326
2.534
2.704
2.847
2.970
3.078
3.173
3.258
3.336
3.407
3.472
3.532
3.588
3.640
3.689
3.735
3.778
3.819
3.858
3.895
3.931

Divisor for
Estimate of
Standard
Deviation,
d2

Chart for Ranges (R)

Control Chart Constants for x and R Charts

Factor for
Control
Limits,
A2

TA B L E A . 1 3

11/20/09
10:13 AM

Appendix A

Source: J. Durbin and G. S. Watson, Testing for Serial Correlation in Least Squares Regression, II, Biometrika 30
(1951), pp. 15978. Reproduced by permission of the Biometrika Trustees.

dL,.01

k!1

TA B L E A . 1 2

bow01838_appA_p852-876.qxd
Page 872

Statistical Tables

bow01838_appA_p852-876.qxd

11/20/09

10:42 PM

Page 873

Appendix A

873

Statistical Tables

TA B L E A . 1 4

Control Chart Constants for x (Individuals) and Moving R Charts

Chart for
Individuals (x)

TA B L E A . 1 5

Chart for Moving

Ranges (MR)

Size of
Moving R

E2

D3

D4

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

2.660
1.772
1.457
1.290
1.184
1.109
1.054
1.010
0.975

0.076
0.136
0.184
0.223

3.267
2.574
2.282
2.114
2.004
1.924
1.864
1.816
1.777

A Wilcoxon Rank Sum Table: Values of TL and TU

(a) A ! .025 One-Sided; A ! .05 Two-Sided

n1
3

n2

3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

10

TL

TU

TL

TU

TL

TU

TL

TU

TL

TU

TL

TU

TL

TU

TL

TU

5
6
6
7
7
8
8
9

16
18
21
23
26
28
31
33

6
11
12
12
13
14
15
16

18
25
28
32
35
38
41
44

6
12
18
19
20
21
22
24

21
28
37
41
45
49
53
56

7
12
19
26
28
29
31
32

23
32
41
52
56
61
65
70

7
13
20
28
37
39
41
43

26
35
45
56
68
73
78
83

8
14
21
29
39
49
51
54

28
38
49
61
73
87
93
98

8
15
22
31
41
51
63
66

31
41
53
65
78
93
108
114

9
16
24
32
43
54
66
79

33
44
56
70
83
98
114
131

(b) A ! .05 One-Sided; A ! .10 Two-Sided

n1
3

n2
TL
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

6
7
7
8
9
9
10
11

10

TU

TL

TU

TL

TU

TL

TU

TL

TU

TL

TU

TL

TU

TL

TU

15
17
20
22
24
27
29
31

7
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

17
24
27
30
33
36
39
42

7
13
19
20
22
24
25
26

20
27
36
40
43
46
50
54

8
14
20
28
30
32
33
35

22
30
40
50
54
58
63
67

9
15
22
30
39
41
43
46

24
33
43
54
66
71
76
80

9
16
24
32
41
52
54
57

27
36
46
58
71
84
90
95

10
17
25
33
43
54
66
69

29
39
50
63
76
90
105
111

11
18
26
35
46
57
69
83

31
42
54
67
80
95
111
127

Source: F. Wilcoxon and R. A. Wilcox, Some Rapid Approximate Statistical Procedures (New York: American Cyanamid Company, 1964), pp. 2023.
Reproduced with the permission of American Cyanamid Company.

bow01838_appA_p852-876.qxd

874
TA B L E A . 1 6

11/20/09

10:13 AM

Page 874

Appendix A

Statistical Tables

A Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Table: Values of T0

One-Sided

Two-Sided

n!5

n!6

n!7

n!8

n!9

n ! 10

a ! .05
a ! .025
a ! .01
a ! .005

a ! .10
a ! .05
a ! .02
a ! .01

2
1

4
2
0

6
4
2
0

8
6
3
2

11
8
5
3

n ! 11

n ! 12

n ! 13

n ! 14

n ! 15

n ! 16

14
11
7
5

17
14
10
7

21
17
13
10

26
21
16
13

30
25
20
16

36
30
24
19

n ! 17

n ! 18

n ! 19

n ! 20

n ! 21

n ! 22

41
35
28
23

47
40
33
28

54
46
38
32

60
52
43
37

68
59
49
43

75
66
56
49

n ! 23

n ! 24

n ! 25

n ! 26

n ! 27

n ! 28

83
73
62
55

92
81
69
61

101
90
77
68

110
98
85
76

120
107
93
84

130
117
102
92

n ! 29

n ! 30

n ! 31

n ! 32

n ! 33

n ! 34

141
127
111
100

152
137
120
109

163
148
130
118

175
159
141
128

188
171
151
138

n ! 35

n ! 36

n ! 37

n ! 38

n ! 39

214
195
174
160

228
208
186
171

242
222
198
183

256
235
211
195

271
250
224
208

n ! 40

n ! 41

n ! 42

n ! 43

n ! 44

287
264
238
221

303
279
252
234

319
295
267
248

336
311
281
262

353
327
297
277

n ! 46

n ! 47

n ! 48

n ! 49

n ! 50

389
361
329
307

408
379
345
323

427
397
362
339

446
415
380
356

466
434
398
373

a ! .05
a ! .025
a ! .01
a ! .005

a ! .05
a ! .025
a ! .01
a ! .005

a ! .05
a ! .025
a ! .01
a ! .005

a ! .05
a ! .025
a ! .01
a ! .005

a ! .05
a ! .025
a ! .01
a ! .005

a ! .05
a ! .025
a ! .01
a ! .005

a ! .05
a ! .025
a ! .01
a ! .005

a ! .10
a ! .05
a ! .02
a ! .01

a ! .10
a ! .05
a ! .02
a ! .01

a ! .10
a ! .05
a ! .02
a ! .01

a ! .10
a ! .05
a ! .02
a ! .01

a ! .10
a ! .05
a ! .02
a ! .01

a ! .10
a ! .05
a ! .02
a ! .01

a ! .10
a ! .05
a ! .02
a ! .01

201
183
162
149

n ! 45
371
344
313
292

Source: F. Wilcoxon and R. A. Wilcox, Some Rapid Approximate Statistical Procedures (New York: American Cyanamid Company, 1964), p. 28. Reproduced
with the permission of American Cyanamid Company.

A Chi-Square Table: Values of X2A

11/20/09

"
! 2"

.0001571
.0201007
.114832
.297110
.554300
.872085
1.239043
1.646482
2.087912
2.55821
3.05347
3.57056
4.10691
4.66043
5.22935
5.81221
6.40776
7.01491
7.63273
8.26040
8.89720
9.54249
10.19567
10.8564
11.5240
12.1981
12.8786
13.5648
14.2565
14.9535
22.1643
29.7067
37.4848
45.4418
53.5400
61.7541
70.0648

X 2.975
.0009821
.0506356
.215795
.484419
.831211
1.237347
1.68987
2.17973
2.70039
3.24697
3.81575
4.40379
5.00874
5.62872
6.26214
6.90766
7.56418
8.23075
8.90655
9.59083
10.28293
10.9823
11.6885
12.4011
13.1197
13.8439
14.5733
15.3079
16.0471
16.7908
24.4331
32.3574
40.4817
48.7576
57.1532
65.6466
74.2219

X 2.95

X 2.90

.0039321
.102587
.341846
.710721
1.145476
1.63539
2.16735
2.73264
3.32511
3.94030
4.57481
5.22603
5.89186
6.57063
7.26094
7.96164
8.67176
9.39046
10.1170
10.8508
11.5913
12.3380
13.0905
13.8484
14.6114
15.3791
16.1513
16.9279
17.7083
18.4926
26.5093
34.7642
43.1879
51.7393
60.3915
69.1260
77.9295

.0157908
.210720
.584375
.063623
1.61031
2.20413
2.83311
3.48954
4.16816
4.86518
5.57779
6.30380
7.04150
7.78953
8.54675
9.31223
10.0852
10.8649
11.6509
12.4426
13.2396
14.0415
14.8479
15.6587
16.4734
17.2919
18.1138
18.9392
19.7677
20.5992
29.0505
37.6886
46.4589
55.3290
64.2778
73.2912
82.3581

X 2.10
2.70554
4.60517
6.25139
7.77944
9.23635
10.6446
12.0170
13.3616
14.6837
15.9871
17.2750
18.5494
19.8119
21.0642
22.3072
23.5418
24.7690
25.9894
27.2036
28.4120
29.6151
30.8133
32.0069
33.1963
34.3816
35.5631
36.7412
37.9159
39.0875
40.2560
51.8050
63.1671
74.3970
85.5271
96.5782
107.565
118.498

X 2.05
3.84146
5.99147
7.81473
9.48773
11.0705
12.5916
14.0671
15.5073
16.9190
18.3070
19.6751
21.0261
22.3621
23.6848
24.9958
26.2962
27.5871
28.8693
30.1435
31.4104
32.6705
33.9244
35.1725
36.4151
37.6525
38.8852
40.1133
41.3372
42.5569
43.7729
55.7585
67.5048
79.0819
90.5312
101.879
113.145
124.342

X 2.025
5.02389
7.37776
9.34840
11.1433
12.8325
14.4494
16.0128
17.5346
19.0228
20.4831
21.9200
23.3367
24.7356
26.1190
27.4884
28.8454
30.1910
31.5264
32.8523
34.1696
35.4789
36.7807
38.0757
39.3641
40.6465
41.9232
43.1944
44.4607
45.7222
46.9792
59.3417
71.4202
83.2976
95.0231
106.629
118.136
129.561

6.63490
9.21034
11.3449
13.2767
15.0863
16.8119
18.4753
20.0902
21.6660
23.2093
24.7250
26.2170
27.6883
29.1413
30.5779
31.9999
33.4087
34.8053
36.1908
37.5662
38.9321
40.2894
41.6384
42.9798
44.3141
45.6417
46.9630
48.2782
49.5879
50.8922
63.6907
76.1539
88.3794
100.425
112.329
124.116
135.807

X 2.005
7.87944
10.5966
12.8381
14.8602
16.7496
18.5476
20.2777
21.9550
23.5893
25.1882
26.7569
28.2995
29.8194
31.3193
32.8013
34.2672
35.7185
37.1564
38.5822
39.9968
41.4010
42.7956
44.1813
45.5585
46.9278
48.2899
49.6449
50.9933
52.3356
53.6720
66.7659
79.4900
91.9517
104.215
116.321
128.299
140.169

875

Source: C. M. Thompson, Tables of the Percentage Points of the x2 Distribution, Biometrika 32 (1941), pp. 18889. Reproduced by permission of the Biometrika Trustees.

X 2.01

Page 875

.0000393
.0100251
.0717212
.206990
.411740
.675727
.989265
1.344419
1.734926
2.15585
2.60321
3.07382
3.56503
4.07468
4.60094
5.14224
5.69724
6.26481
6.84398
7.43386
8.03366
8.64272
9.26042
9.88623
10.5197
11.1603
11.8076
12.4613
13.1211
13.7867
20.7065
27.9907
35.5346
43.2752
51.1720
59.1963
67.3276

X 2.99

Statistical Tables

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100

X 2.995

10:13 AM

df

bow01838_appA_p852-876.qxd

Appendix A

TA B L E A . 1 7

bow01838_appA_p852-876.qxd

876

11/20/09

10:13 AM

Page 876

Appendix A

TA B L E A . 1 8

Statistical Tables

Critical Values for Spearmans Rank Correlation Coefficient

A ! .05

A ! .025

A ! .01

A ! .005

A ! .05

A ! .025

A ! .01

A ! .005

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17

.900
.829
.714
.643
.600
.564
.523
.497
.475
.457
.441
.425
.412

.886
.786
.738
.683
.648
.623
.591
.566
.545
.525
.507
.490

.943
.893
.833
.783
.745
.736
.703
.673
.646
.623
.601
.582

.881
.833
.794
.818
.780
.745
.716
.689
.666
.645

18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

.399
.388
.377
.368
.359
.351
.343
.336
.329
.323
.317
.311
.305

.476
.462
.450
.438
.428
.418
.409
.400
.392
.385
.377
.370
.364

.564
.549
.534
.521
.508
.496
.485
.475
.465
.456
.448
.440
.432

.625
.608
.591
.576
.562
.549
.537
.526
.515
.505
.496
.487
.478

Source: E. G. Olds, Distribution of Sums of Squares of Rank Differences for Small Samples, Annals of Mathematical Statistics,
1938, 9. Reproduced with the permission of the editor, Annals of Mathematical Statistics.

A Table of Areas under the Standard Normal Curve

TA B L E A . 1 9

.00

.01

.02

.03

.04

.05

.06

.07

.08

.09

0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5

.0000
.0398
.0793
.1179
.1554
.1915

.0040
.0438
.0832
.1217
.1591
.1950

.0080
.0478
.0871
.1255
.1628
.1985

.0120
.0517
.0910
.1293
.1664
.2019

.0160
.0557
.0948
.1331
.1700
.2054

.0199
.0596
.0987
.1368
.1736
.2088

.0239
.0636
.1026
.1406
.1772
.2123

.0279
.0675
.1064
.1443
.1808
.2157

.0319
.0714
.1103
.1480
.1844
.2190

.0359
.0753
.1141
.1517
.1879
.2224

0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0

.2257
.2580
.2881
.3159
.3413

.2291
.2611
.2910
.3186
.3438

.2324
.2642
.2939
.3212
.3461

.2357
.2673
.2967
.3238
.3485

.2389
.2704
.2995
.3264
.3508

.2422
.2734
.3023
.3289
.3531

.2454
.2764
.3051
.3315
.3554

.2486
.2794
.3078
.3340
.3577

.2517
.2823
.3106
.3365
.3599

.2549
.2852
.3133
.3389
.3621

1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5

.3643
.3849
.4032
.4192
.4332

.3665
.3869
.4049
.4207
.4345

.3686
.3888
.4066
.4222
.4357

.3708
.3907
.4082
.4236
.4370

.3729
.3925
.4099
.4251
.4382

.3749
.3944
.4115
.4265
.4394

.3770
.3962
.4131
.4279
.4406

.3790
.3980
.4147
.4292
.4418

.3810
.3997
.4162
.4306
.4429

.3830
.4015
.4177
.4319
.4441

1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0

.4452
.4554
.4641
.4713
.4772

.4463
.4564
.4649
.4719
.4778

.4474
.4573
.4656
.4726
.4783

.4484
.4582
.4664
.4732
.4788

.4495
.4591
.4671
.4738
.4793

.4505
.4599
.4678
.4744
.4798

.4515
.4608
.4686
.4750
.4803

.4525
.4616
.4693
.4756
.4808

.4535
.4625
.4699
.4761
.4812

.4545
.4633
.4706
.4767
.4817

2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5

.4821
.4861
.4893
.4918
.4938

.4826
.4864
.4896
.4920
.4940

.4830
.4868
.4898
.4922
.4941

.4834
.4871
.4901
.4925
.4943

.4838
.4875
.4904
.4927
.4945

.4842
.4878
.4906
.4929
.4946

.4846
.4881
.4909
.4931
.4948

.4850
.4884
.4911
.4932
.4949

.4854
.4887
.4913
.4934
.4951

.4857
.4890
.4916
.4936
.4952

2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0

.4953
.4965
.4974
.4981
.4987

.4955
.4966
.4975
.4982
.4987

.4956
.4967
.4976
.4982
.4987

.4957
.4968
.4977
.4983
.4988

.4959
.4969
.4977
.4984
.4988

.4960
.4970
.4978
.4984
.4989

.4961
.4971
.4979
.4985
.4989

.4962
.4972
.4979
.4985
.4989

.4963
.4973
.4980
.4986
.4990

.4964
.4974
.4981
.4986
.4990

Source: A. Hald, Statistical Tables and Formulas (New York: Wiley, 1952), abridged from Table 1. Reproduced by permission
of the publisher.