218 The Pilaster Capital.

The Candelabra Base.

2. Corinthian, Italian Renascence, Sta. Maria dei Miracoli, Venice.
3. Corinthian, Italian Renascence, Certosa, Florence.
4. Corinthian, Italian Renascence, Scuola di San Marco, Venice,
by Pietro Lombardo.
5
6. Corinthian, Italian Renascence, Chapel of the Palazzo Vecchio^
Florence, (Musterornamente).
7 Corinthian, Italian Renascence.
8. Corinthian, French Renascence, Tomb of Louis XII, St. Denis,
Plate 134. The Pilaster Capital.
1. Corinthian, Italian Renascence, Portal of San Michele, Venice.
2
3. Coi'inthian, Italian Renascence, Palace of the Doges, Venice.
4. Ionic, French Renascence, (Lifevre).
5. Wrought-iron, castle at Athis-Mons, French, 17th century.
6. Wrought-iron, by Jean Berain, French, 17th century, (Raguenet).
7. Modern Doric, Architects Kayser and v. Grossheim.
8. Modern Doric, new Opera House, Paris, Architect Gramier.
9. Modern Ionic, Rue Dieu, Paris, Architect Sedille.
10. Modern Corinthian, atelier of a painter, Paris, Sculptor Bloche.
The Candelabrum Foot. (Plate 135.)
For lighting, the Candelabrum played an important part in the
domestic and religious life of the Ancients. In the House, they
mostly employed slender, delicate bronze Candelebra; and for Religion,
the great State-candelabra of marble. The Candelabrum, like the
column, consists of three parts: the base, the shaft, and the capital.
To afford the necessary steadiness, the base of the Candelabrum
is planned on a comparatively large scale, and divided into three legs,
which stretch-out, towards the points of an equilateral triangle. For
the foot, the claw of an animal, and in particular the claw of the
Lion, is used. Not infrequently the claws rest on balls or discs
(Plate 135, 6). The transition to the shaft is designed with a double
calix, the upper leaves of which rise and encircle the shaft, and the
lower leaves descend and mask the jimction of the three legs
(Plate 135. 1 and
5). A delicate anthemion may be perceived
between each pair of feet on richer examples (Plate 135. 2 and
3).
In exceptional cases the leg appears to grow from the mouth of an
animal (Plate 135. 6).
Occasionally a circular, profiled and decorated
disc is used instead of the double calyx and anthemion. Sometimes,
too, the shaft is prolonged downwards beneath the disc in the form
of a knob, but does not touch the ground.