Professional Documents
Culture Documents
基础医学院解剖教研室
Muscles of
Upper Limb
Wang Hao
汪 浩
Nov, 2006
Upper Limb Skeleton
• Clavicle
• Scapula
• Humerus
• Radius, ulna
• Carpals--proximal, distal
• Digits—metacarpals, phalanges
• Muscles of scapula
act on the joint of shoulder
• Muscles of forearm
act on the joints of elbow, wrist, digits
• Muscles of hand
act on the joint of digits
Muscles of scapula
Supraspinatus
greater
Infraspinatus tubercle
Teres minor
supraspinatus
infraspinatus
subscapularis
teres minor
Lateral view
Muscles of upper arm
Biceps Brachii
long head
Biceps Brachii
Coracobrachialis
Brachialis
lateral head
medial head
Origin Insertion
lateral head -
humerus
long head -
olecranon
infraglenoid
tuberosity process
extends the forearm;
medial head -
the long head extends
humerus
and adducts arm
Muscles of forearm
• They consist of anterior and posterior
groups. These muscles that cause wrist,
hand and finger movements are positioned
along the forearm. Most of these muscles
perform four primary actions on the hand
and digits: supination, pronation, flexion,
and extension. Others actions of the hand
include adduction and abduction. The
precise actions of these muscles are
complex, so they will be described briefly
here.
anterior group
4 layers 9 muscles
2 layers 10 muscles
posterior group Anconeus
anterior group
The first layer
(1) Brachioradialis
(2) Pronator teres Meidal
epicondyle
(3) Flexor carpi radialis
(4) Palmaris longus
(5) Flexor carpi ulnaris
Brachioradialis
flexs the elbow
Pronator teres
Palmar
Flexor carpi radialis aponeurosis
Palmaris longus
flexes the wrist
Flexor carpi ulnaris
anterior group
The second layer
Flexor digitorum
superficialis
muscle belly
II-V
middle phalanges
anterior group
The third layer
II-V
base distal phalanges
anterior group
The fourth layer
pronator teres
pronator quadratus
posterior group
The superficial layer
Brachioradialis (10) extensor carpi radialis Anconeus
longus
(11) extensor carpi radialis
brevis
(12) extensor digitorum
(13) extensor digiti minimi
Anconeus (14) extensor carpi ulnaris
Extensor
retinaculum extensor digitorum
supinator
extensor indicis
Muscles of hand
• The hand is marvelously complex structure,
adapted to permit an array of intricate movement.
The muscles of the hand are divided in to thenar,
hypothenar, and intermediate groups. The thenar
eminence is the fleshy base of the thumb hand.
The hypothenar eminence is the elongated, fleshy
bulge at the base of the little finger. Muscles of the
intermediate group are positioned between the
metacarpal bones in the region of the palm.
Muscles of Hand lumbricales
palmar interossei
dorsal interossei
intermediate group
hypothenar thenar
Medial Lateral
Highlights
Musculotendinous cuff