72" Flare Stack - B3 U&O Package Reference / Remarks

Vessel Geomatry
Vessel Diameter D = 1.83 m
Effective Diameter De = 2.56 m Piping without ladders (1.4*D)
Projected Area Af = 5.16 m2
Vessel Height h = 187.00 m
Vessel thickness t = 16.00 mm
Vessel mean radius Rm = 1814.00 mm
Ratios check Rm/t = 113.38 mm (if > 200, wind anaylsis is required)
h/D = 102.19 (if > 15 , wind anaylsis is required)
Stud Bolt / Nut Material High Strength Low Alloy Steel (ASTM A 193 Grade B7 / A 194 Gr. 2H)
Modulus of Elasticity Eb = 8.00E+02 Mpa ASME BPVC Sec II, Part D, Table TM-1
Poisson's Ratio b = 0.3 ASME BPVC Sec II, Part D, Table PRD
Yield Strength yb = 500 Mpa ASME BPVC Sec II, Part D, Table 1-A
Design Conditions
Basic Wind Speed Vbasic = 160 km/hr
Wind Speed converted to ft/sec. V = 145.81 ft/sec
Design Pressure P = 250 Mpa
Design Temperature T = 100 C
Allowable Stress for vessel material at design temperature S = 20000 Mpa ASME BPVC Sec II, Part D, Table 1-A
Allowable Stress for bolt material at design temperature Sb = 23000 Mpa ASME BPVC Sec II, Part D, Table 1-A
Allowable Stress for bolt material at atm. Temperature Sa = 23000 Mpa ASME BPVC Sec II, Part D, Table 1-A
Time Period Calculation
Weight, uniform w = 1000 kg/m
Modulus of Elasticity for shell material at design temperature E = 2.02E+11 Pa ASME BPVC Sec II, Part D, Table TM-1
Modulus of Elasticity for shell material at room temperature E = 2.02E+11 Pa ASME BPVC Sec II, Part D, Table TM-1
Moment of Inertia for shell area 3.14*(D/2)
3
*t I = 0.0385 m
4
Factor for first mode of vibration K = 1.79
Period of Vibration K(wh
4
/EI) T = 22.44 sec
Frequency of vibration f = 0.0446 Hz
Wind Force Calculation
Structual category III (Structures cotaining toxic or explosive substances)
Importance Factor I = 1.15 (Based on Structual category III)
Exposure Category C Open terrain with scattered obstructions
Gust Factor G = 0.85 (Based on Exposure category C)
Gust Response Factor (flexible vessels) Gf =
Equivalent height 'z' of vessel z = m
Intensity of turbulence at height 'z' Iz =
Velocity pressure coefficient at height 'z' Kz =
Topographic factor KzT = 1 Vessel is not located near or on an isolated hill
Mean hourly speed at height 'z' Vz = 1 ft/sec
Velocity pressure at height 'z' 0.0256KzKzTV
2
I qz = psf (1/2*(air density)*V
2
*I) = qz (when V in ft/sec)
Minimum design height zmin = m
Period of vibration T = sec
Fundamental natural frequency f = Hz
Background response Q =
Coefficient or Calculation Factors
Resonance response factor R =
Structure damping coefficient = 0.005 (0.005 for vessel on rock or pile foundation & 0.015 for vessel on soft soil or inside structure)
Coefficient factors = (Table 3-3 of D.R. Moss)
b = (Table 3-3 of D.R. Moss)
c = (Table 3-3 of D.R. Moss)
I = (Table 3-3 of D.R. Moss)
= (Table 3-3 of D.R. Moss)
Calculation factors Ni =
Nh =
Nb =
Nd =
Rh =
Rb =
Rd =
=
Gasket Type & Dimensions
Gasket Type & Material Spiral Wound Gasket (Stainless Steel, 304) with inner & outer ring
Basic gasket seating width b0 = 1 in. ASME Sec VIII, Div. 1, Appendix 2, Table 2-5.2
Conversion Factor Cb = 0.5 ASME Sec VIII, Div. 1, Appendix 2
Effective gasket seating width b = 0.500 in. ASME Sec VIII, Div. 1, Appendix 2, table 2-5.2
Mean diameter of gasket contact face = 67 in.
Outside diameter of gasket contact face = 68 in.
Diameter at location of gasket load reaction G = 67.00 in. ASME Sec VIII, Div. 1, Appendix 2
Design of Pressure Vessels under Wind Load in accordance with ASCE - 07
Min. gasket seating stress (SWG, Stainless steel) y = 10000 psi ASME Sec VIII, Div. 1, Appendix 2, Table 2-5.1
Gasket factor m = 3 ASME Sec VIII, Div. 1, Appendix 2, Table 2-5.1
Bolting Dimensions
Nominal stud bolt diameter a = 1.125 in.
Root diameter of thread ar = 1.1 in.
Cross sectional area at root of thread Ab = 0.95 in
2
.
Number of bolts = 56
Bolt Spacing Bs = 0.00 in. ASME Sec VIII, Div. 1, Appendix 2
Maximum Bolt spacing
Bsmax 2a+ [6t/(m+0.5)] = 2.25 in. ASME Sec VIII, Div. 1, Appendix 2
Loads Acting on Flange
Total hydrstatic end force H 0.785G
2
P = 563818 lbs. ASME Sec VIII, Div. 1, Appendix 2
Hydrostatic end force action on area inside of flange HD
0.785B
2
P = 0.00314 lbs. ASME Sec VIII, Div. 1, Appendix 2
Difference between two hydrostatic end forces HT H-HD = 563818 lbs. ASME Sec VIII, Div. 1, Appendix 2
Gasket Load HG W-H = 425716 lbs. ASME Sec VIII, Div. 1, Appendix 2
Total Joint contact surface compression load HP 2bx3.14GmP = 100982 lbs. ASME Sec VIII, Div. 1, Appendix 2
Minimum required bolt load for operating conditions Wm1 H+HP = 664801 lbs. ASME Sec VIII, Div. 1, Appendix 2
Minimum required bolt load for gasket seating conditions Wm2 3.14bGy = 1051900 lbs. ASME Sec VIII, Div. 1, Appendix 2
Flange design bolt load W = 989535 lbs.
Design of Bolting
Required bolt area for operating conditions Am1 Wm1 / Sb = 29 in
2
. ASME Sec VIII, Div. 1, Appendix 2
Required bolt area for gasket seating Am2 Wm2 / Sa = 46 in
2
. ASME Sec VIII, Div. 1, Appendix 2
Required bolt area Am = 46 in
2
. Greater of Am1 & Am2
Available bolt area Ab = 53.22 in
2
. Bolt cross section area x No. of bolts
Flange Moments
Moment arm for HG hG (C-G)/2 = -33.5000 in. ASME Sec VIII, Div. 1, Appendix 2
Moment arm for HT hT (R+g1+hG)/2 = -16.7513 in. ASME Sec VIII, Div. 1, Appendix 2
Moment arm for HD hD R+0.5g1 = -0.0025 in. ASME Sec VIII, Div. 1, Appendix 2
Component of moment due to HG MG HGhG = -14261502 lb-in ASME Sec VIII, Div. 1, Appendix 2
Component of moment due to HT MT HThT = -9444663 lb-in ASME Sec VIII, Div. 1, Appendix 2
Component of moment due to HD MD HDhD = -0.00000785 lb-in ASME Sec VIII, Div. 1, Appendix 2
Total Flange moment for operating conditions M1 Sum = -23706165 lb-in ASME Sec VIII, Div. 1, Appendix 2
Total moment for gasket seating conditions M2 W(C-G)/2 = -38121831 lb-in ASME Sec VIII, Div. 1, Appendix 2
Total Flange Moment Mo = -23706165 lb-in Greater of M1 & M2
Flange Geomatry Parameters
(Following factors found using Figures 2-7.1, 2-7.2, 2-7.3 & 2-7.3 of Appendix 2* ) (Following factors calculated using formulae, Article 2-3 of Appendix 2*)
F = 0.865 d = (U/V).h0g0
2
0.00
f = 1.1 e = (F/h0) #DIV/0!
T = 1.84 L = (te+1)/T+t
3
/d #DIV/0!
U = 9 K = A/B 0.00
V = 0.32 tx = 2g0 0.00
Y = 7.6 h0 = sqrt(Bg0) 0.00 in.
Z = 4 B1 = (B+g1) 0.01 in.
R = (C-B-2g1)/2 0.00 in.
h/h0 #DIV/0!
* Appendix 2 of ASME Sec VIII, Div. 1 g1/g0 #DIV/0!
Flange Stresses & Allowable Flange Design Stresses
Result
(ASME Sec VIII, Div. 1, Appendix 2, Article 2-7) (ASME Sec VIII, Div. 1, Appendix 2, Article 2-8)
Longitudinal Hub Stress SH fMo/Lg1
2
B = #DIV/0! psi SH < 1.5 Sf 30000 #DIV/0!
Radial Flange Stress SR (1.33te+1)Mo/Lt
2
B = #DIV/0! psi SR < Sf 20000 #DIV/0!
Tangential Flange Stress ST YMo/t
2
B -ZSR = #DIV/0! psi ST < Sf 20000 #DIV/0!
(SH + SR)/2 = #DIV/0! (SH + SR)/2 < Sf 20000 #DIV/0!
(SH + ST)/2 = #DIV/0! (SH + ST)/2 < Sf 20000 #DIV/0!
Flange Stresses Allowable Design Stresses
FEM Results
Analysis 1 Analysis 2
Longitudinal Hub
Stress (psi) 26904
Radial Flange Stress
(psi) 13047
Tangential Flange
Stress (psi) 5128
Combined Stress (S
H
+ S
R
)/2
19976 0 0
Combined Stress (S
H
+ S
T
)/2
16016 0 0
ASME BPVC
Calculations
4000
4500
5000
5500
Analysis 1 Analysis 2
ASME BPVC
Calculations
FEM Results
Tangential Flange Stress (psi)
Analysis 1
30000
Primary General
Membrane
P
m
10820
20000
Primary Bending P
b
11600
20000
Membrane + Bending Q 15870
20000
Total (including Peak) F 28920
20000
FEM Results
Allowable
Design Stress
Stress Category
12000
12500
13000
13500
Analysis 1 Analysis 2
ASME BPVC Calculations FEM Results
Radial Flange Stress (psi)
Analysis 2
10410 S
f
20000 Safe
12020 1.5S
f
30000 Safe
14300 1.5S
f
30000 Safe
24470 2S
f
40000 Safe
FEM Results
Stress Limit
Allowable Design
Stress (psi)
Result
25000
25500
26000
26500
27000
Analysis 1
ASME BPVC Calculations
Longitudinal Hub Stress (psi)
Longitudinal Hub Stress (psi) 26904 30000 Safe
Radial Flange Stress (psi) 13047 20000 Safe
Tangential Flange Stress (psi) 5128 20000 Safe
Combined Stress (S
H
+ S
R
)/2 19976 20000 Safe
Combined Stress (S
H
+ S
T
)/2 16016 20000 Safe
Flange Stresses
ASME BPVC
Calculations
Allowable
Design Stress
Result
Analysis 2
FEM Results
Longitudinal Hub Stress (psi)
r
g
0
=g
1
B
t
A
R
G
H
D
h
G
b
H
G
h
T
H
T
g
0
=g
1
R
C
g
0
/2
W
h
D
55.625 9.375 46.25
55.625 8.125 47.5
55.625 7.25 48.375
B
t
A
r
g
1
G
h
G
b
H
G
H
D
h
T
H
T
I
D

9
0

i
n
.

C
g
1
78
104.5
g
0
H
T
W
h
D
H
G
7.3
71.25
66
78
15.16
104.5
r
Internal Pressure
W
h
T
h
G
Gasket
118
4.5
12
95
h
D
Internal Pressure
W
H
D
Stud & Nuts
Flange
111.25
r
12
4.5
90
6.75
Internal Pressure
Contact
Face
Stud & Nuts
W
h
D
H
D
Internal Pressure
H
D