Hailstone numbers

There are many simple questions about numbers that no one has been able to answer.
Start with any number - if it is even divide it by 2, if odd multiply by 3 and add 1 then keep going, writing
down the sequence of numbers that you generate. For example, starting with 7 we are led by these
rules through the sequence:
7 -> 22 -> 11 -> 34 -> 17 -> 52 -> 26 -> 13 -> 40 -> 20 -> 10 -> 5 -> 16 -> 8 -> 4 -> 2 -> 1.
It seems no matter what number you start with you eventually hit a 1. These sequences are called the
"hailstone numbers" because, like hailstones, they go up and down a number of times before inevitably
falling to Earth. However, no one has been able to prove that this has to happen every time.

Twos, threes & fives
Think of a number. Add 4, then multiply the result by 4. Subtract 8, then divide the result by 4. Finally
take away your original secret number. The answer is 2.
Think of another number.
Double it. Add 9. Subtract 3. Divide by 2. Subtract your original number. The answer is 3.
Think of any three-digit number.
Add 7. Multiply by 2.
Subtract 4, then divide the result by 2.
Subtract it from the original number you thought of.
The answer is 5.

Ninety nine
Write down any two different numbers from 1 to 9. Then reverse the two numbers.
You should have two two-digit numbers.
Subtract the smaller number from the larger one.
Take the result, reverse the digits, and add that number to the one you got when you subtracted.
The answer is 99.
For example: 72 reverses to make 27.
Subtract the smaller (27) from the larger (72): 45.
Reverse these digits to make 54.
Add this to the previous number.
The answer is 99.

Threesy does it
You can discover whether a number is a multiple of 3 just by checking whether this is true for the sum of
its digits.
For example, 12,894 has 1 + 2 + 8 + 9 + 4 = 24 = 3 x 8, so 12,894 is a multiple of 3.
You don't need to do the long division in order to find this out.
You can do this even for huge numbers that your calculator could never cope with.
For example, try: 111,222,333,444,555,666,777, 888,987. Is it divisible by 3? In fact, if you're clever, you
might be able to give the answer before summing the digits.

Never-ending squares
Square numbers (the products of numbers multiplied by themselves) and prime numbers are important
and your internet security only works because the prime numbers never run out.
You can get the endless list of squares just by adding the odd numbers up: 1 = 1 x 1, 1 + 3 = 4 = 2 x 2, 1 +
3 + 5 = 9 = 3 x 3, 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 = 16 = 4 x 4 ... and this pattern never lets you down.
However, when it comes to primes, we still have to go out hunting for them, which is why at any one
time there is always a world champion largest known prime.

It all adds up... to 9
1x9=09 =0+9=9
2x9=18 =1+8=9
3x9=27 =2+7=9
4x9=36 =3+6=9
5x9=45 =4+5=9
6x9=54 =5+4=9
7x9=63 =6+3=9
8x9=72 =7+2=9
10 x 9 = 90 = 9 + 0 = 9






Trick 7: 1089
Step1:
Think of a 3 digit number.
Step2:
Arrange the number in descending order.
Step3:
Reverse the number and subtract it with the result.
Step4:
Remember it and reverse the answer mentally.
Step5:
Add it with the result, you have got.
Answer: 1089

Trick 3: Any Number
Step1:
Think of any number.
Step2:
Multiply the number you have thought with 3.
Step3:
Add 45 with the result.
Step4:
Double the result.
Step5:
Divide the answer by 6.
Step6:
Take away the number you have thought from the answer, that is, subtract the answer from the number
you have thought.
Answer: 15