SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

Lecture Notes
On
SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
MCA II year I semester
Topic: Basic concepts of SW en!ineerin!
By
MD.ZAHEER AHMED
Assistant "rofessor
MCA #epartment
$i%ya &yot'i Institute of Tec'no(o!y
)*#ERABA#
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SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
CONTENT
Basic concept of Software Enineerin
Data
Infor!ation
software
Definition of software enineerin
Software enineerin " A #a$ere% Tec&no'o$
References
,
SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
Basic Concepts in Software Enineerin
Data
Data is a co''ection of facts( fi)res an% statistics re'ate% to an o*+ect. Data can *e
,rocesse% to create )sef)' infor!ation-- #ata is .ery usefu( for !eneratin! reports/ !rap's an%
statistics-
E-a!p'e
Stu%ents fi(( an a%mission form 0'en t'ey !et a%mission in co((e!e- T'e form consists of ra0
facts a1out t'e stu%ents- T'ese ra0 facts are stu%ent2s name/ fat'er name/ a%%ress etc- T'e
purpose of co((ectin! t'is %ata is to maintain t'e recor%s of t'e stu%ents %urin! t'eir stu%y perio%
in t'e co((e!e-
Infor!ation
T'e manipu(ate% an% processe% form of %ata is ca((e% information- It is more meanin!fu( t'an
%ata- It is use% for ma3in! %ecisions-
#ata is use% as input for processin an% information output of t'is processin!-
E-a!p'e
#ata co((ecte% from census is use% to !enerate %ifferent type of information- T'e !o.ernment
can use it to %etermine t'e (iteracy rate in t'e country- Go.ernment can use t'e information in
important %ecision to impro.e (iteracy rate-
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SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
Difference *etween %ata an% infor!ation
Data Infor!ation
#ata is co((ection of ra0 facts an% fi!ures- Information is processe% %ata-
#ata is unarran!e% an% unor!ani5e%-- Information is arran!e% an% or!ani5e%
#ata is un6meanin!fu( Information is meanin!fu(-
#ata is input- Information is output-
#ata is use% (ess fre7uent(y- Information is use% fre7uent(y-
#ata represents facts 1efore processin! Information represents resu(ts 8 after processin!9-
#ata is not 'e(pfu( in %ecision6ma3in!- Information is 'e(pfu( in %ecision6ma3in!-
#ata is ra0 materia( for information- Information is t'e fina( pro%uct of %ata-
#ata are unprocesse% recor%s Information contains processe% recor%s
#ata is in (ar!e amounts Information is in sma(( amounts
If %ata is (ost/ it is .ery %ifficu(t 8or e.en
impossi1(e in some situations9 to re co((ect-
If information is (ost/ it is easi(y %eri.e% from
store% %ata/ a!ain-
#ata %epen%s upon t'e sources Information %epen%s upon %ata
W&at is software.
Software is %efine% as co!p)ter prora!s( proce%)res( r)'es an% possi*'$ associate%
%ocumentation an% %ata pertainin! to t'e operation of a computer 1ase% systems--
:Computer Soft0are; is synonymous 0it' :soft0are pro%uct;-
It inc(u%es t'e source co%e an% a(( t'e associate% %ocuments an% %ocumentation
t'at constitute a soft0are pro%uct- Re7uirements %ocuments/ %esi!n
specifications/ source co%e/ test p(ans/ 7ua(ity assurance proce%ures/
maintenance proce%ures/ insta((ation instructions an% trainin! ai%s are a((
components of soft0are pro%uct-


Software is a enera' ter! for t&e /ario)s 0in%s of prora!s )se% to operate
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SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
co!p)ters an% re'ate% %e/ices.
Har% ware1
T&e ter! &ar%ware %escri1es t'e p'ysica( aspects of computers an% re(ate% %e.ices-
Software costs
Soft0are costs often %ominate computer system costs- T'e costs of soft0are on a "C are often
!reater t'an t'e 'ar%0are cost-
Soft0are costs more to maintain t'an it %oes to %e.e(op- For systems 0it' a (on!
(ife/maintenance costs may 1e se.era( times %e.e(opment costs-
Soft0are en!ineerin! is concerne% 0it' cost6effecti.e soft0are %e.e(opment-
W&at is software enineerin.
IEEE software enineerin %efinition1
Software enineerin is t&e app'ication of a s$ste!atic
%iscip'ine% 2)antifia*'e approac& to t&e %e/e'op!ent( operation an% !aintenance of
software3 t&e app'ication of enineerin to software.
Software enineerin can 1e %efine% as :T'e esta1(is'ment an% use of soun%
en!ineerin! princip(es in or%er to o1tain economica((y soft0are t'at is re(ia1(e an% 0o3s
efficient(y on rea( time mac'ines-;
Software enineerin is t'e tec'no(o!ica( an% mana!eria( %iscip(ine concerne% 0it'
systematic pro%uction an% mo%ifie% on time an% in cost estimates
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SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
Soft0are En!ineerin! %ea(s 0it' t'e en!ineerin! pro1(ems/ opportunities an% nee%s
associate% 0it' t'e %e.e(opment an% uti(i5ation of computer soft0are-
T'e %iscip(ine a(so a%%resses t'e %esi!n of computers/ computer science an% t'e
inte!ration of soft0are into computer systems/ as 0e(( as t'e app(ications of soft0are
systems-
T'e soft0are in%ustry is !ro0in! rapi%(y an% of increasin! importance to our economy
an% stan%ar% of (i.in!-

Software enineerin

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SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
Soft0are en!ineerin! is fin%in! its 0ay into many in%ustries/ inc(u%in!
te(ecommunications/ po0er !eneration/ 1iome%ica( an% in%ustria( pro%uct companies-
T'e soft0are en!ineerin! sector is continua((y a%.ancin!-
-
T'e primary !oa(s of soft0are en!ineerin! are to impro.e t'e 7ua(ity of soft0are
pro%ucts an% to increase t'e pro%ucti.ity an% ?o1 satisfaction of soft0are en!ineers/ 0it'
cost effecti.e(y-
Software enineers s'ou(%
a%opt a systematic an% or!anise% approac' to t'eir 0or3
use appropriate too(s an% tec'ni7ues %epen%in! on
t'e pro1(em to 1e so(.e%/
t'e %e.e(opment constraints an%
t'e resources a.ai(a1(e
Software enineerin is a*o)t so'/in pro*'e!s. It can *e *ro0en into ana'$4in
5pro*'e!6 an% s$nt&esis 5so')tion6
@
Computer Science Customer
Soft0are
En!ineerin!
Too(s an% tec'ni7ues to
so(.e pro1(ems
"ro1(em
Computer
functions
T'eories
a quality focus a quality focus
process model process model
methods methods
tools tools
SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
Software Enineerin 7 A #a$ere% Tec&no'o$
Soft0are en!ineerin! encompasses a process/ t'e mana!ement of acti.ities/ tec'nica(
met'o%s/ an% use of too(s to %e.e(op soft0are pro%ucts
#a$ers of Software enineerin
T'e foun%ation for soft0are en!ineerin! is t'e process 'a$er. It is t'e !(ue t'at 'o(%s t'e
tec'no(o!y (ayers to!et'er an% ena1(es rationa( an% time(y %e.e(opment of computer
soft0are-
,rocess %efines a frame0or3 t'at must 1e esta1(is'e% for effecti.e %e(i.ery of soft0are
en!ineerin! tec'no(o!y-
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SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
T'e soft0are process forms t'e 1asis for mana!ement contro( of soft0are pro?ects an%
esta1(is'es t'e conteBt in 0'ic' tec'nica( met'o%s are app(ie%/ 0or3 pro%ucts 8mo%e(s/
%ocuments/ %ata/ reports/ etc-9 are pro%uce%/ mi(estones are esta1(is'e%/ 7ua(ity is
ensure%/ an% c'an!e is proper(y mana!e%-
Soft0are en!ineerin! methods pro.i%e t'e tec'nica( :'o0 toCs; for 1ui(%in! soft0are-
Met'o%s encompass a 1roa% array of tas3s t'at inc(u%e communication/ re7- ana(ysis/
%esi!n/ co%in!/ testin! an% support-
Soft0are en!ineerin! tools pro.i%e automate% or semi6automate% support for t'e process
an% t'e met'o%s-
W'en too(s are inte!rate% so t'at info- Create% 1y one too( can 1e use% 1y anot'er/ a
system for t'e support of soft0are %e.e(opment ca((e% co!p)ter7ai%e% software enineerin is
esta1(is'e%
References
8a'ote ,an0a+(9 Interate% Approac& To Software Enineerin;/ Rum1au!' &- B(a'a/
M-"remera(ani/ W- E%%y F- An% Lorensen W- :O1?ect Oriente% Mo%e(in! D
Software Enineerin ":
t&
e%ition *$ IAN SOMMER;I##E.
Software Enineerin concepts 1y Ric&ar% Fair'$.
Software Enineerin EA practitionerCs Approac'6 =
t'
e%ition 1y Roer S. ,ress!an.
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