RevistaBolivianaDeQuímica

Rev. Bol. Quim.

Vol. 26, No. 2, 2009
Abstracts Résume

A CTIVIDAD LEISHMANICIDA DE PLANTAS MEDICINALES DE LA AMAZONIA

PERUANA
Joahan Rojas U. Johann R. Satalaya A., Maritza Grandez, R., Luis Vilchez, A.a, Elsa Rengifo, S., Efrain
Salamanca, C., Ninoska Flores Q., Alberto Giménez T., Juan Antonio Ávila I., Grace Ruiz P. Página 43

Keywords: Extractos, plantas de la amazonía peruana, leishmanicida, óptico, test de reducción de tetrazoilo

ABSTRACT
In this study the eight medicinal plants from the Peruvian Amazon were evaluated searching their parasiticide
activity in vitro: Ampelozizyphus amazonicus, Andira inermes, Bellusia pentamera, Couma macrocarpa, Croton
lechleri, Unonopsis spectabilis, Urena lobat and, Xilopia parviflor. The study was performed using different
species of promastigotes from Leishmania: L. amazonensis (IFLA/BR/75/PH8), L. braziliensis
(MHOM/BR/75/M2903) and L. donovani (MHOM/74/PP75) . The assays were developed by count trough an
optical method in a Neubauer camera and fractions that were active have been evaluated with the colorimetric the
method using XTT. The organic CH2Cl2 extract from Unonopsis spectabilis was the more active with an IC50
65.3, 54.2 and 24.5 mg/mL vs. L. amazonensis (IFLA/BR/75/PH8), L. braziliensis (MHOM/BR/75/M2903) and
L. donovani (MHOM/74/PP75) from the optical method respectively. In order to determine the leishmanicide
activity of the organic fraction the colorimetric XTT method was used against L. braziliensis
(MHOM/BR/75/M2903) and L. amazonensis (MHOM/BR/76/LTB-012). The results showed values of IC50
between 10.6 mg/mL and 11.8 mg/mL respectively

Corresponding author: gracerfm@hotmail.com

A NEW ANTHRAQUINONE ISOLATED FROM RUMEX OBTUSIFOLIUS

Sandra L. Ibáñez-Calero1, Valérie Jullian2, Michel Sauvain3 Página 49

Keywords: Rumex obtusifolius, Ferriprotoporphyrine Biocrystallization Inhibition Test, NMR, Malaria,

Anthraquinone, structure-activity relationship

ABSTRACT

In this research we studied Rumex obtusifolius (Polygonaceae) along with other plants used in traditional
medicine in relation to the chemical reaction FBIT (Ferriprotoporphyrine Biocrystallization Inhibition Test)
which may provide information on a possible action mechanism for presumed antimalarial plants. According to
folk medicine Rumex obtusifolius has a pronounced detoxifying effect on the liver and is used against jaundice
and fever. Following a chemical reaction-guided isolation on Rumex obtusifolius we obtained
demethylmacrosporine I, an anthraquinone derivative. Its structural determination by one and two dimensional
NMR and a proposition of structure-activity relationship are presented

Corresponding author: caleros@acelerate.com

E STUDIO DE LA CALIDAD DE LOS RECURSOS HÍDRICOS EN LA LOCALIDAD DE

APOLO, DEPARTAMENTO DE LA PAZ
Boris Valdivia Zambrana, Mauricio Ormachea Muñoz, Maria Eugenia García Página 57

Keywords: Water resources, human consumption, water bodies, salinity degree, physical-chemical parameters

ABSTRACT

This is a study about the quality of the hydro resources in the Apolo county, La Paz Department, in Bolivia. The
quality survey involves the physicochemical characteristics of human consumption water and water for other
applications. The sampling process was applied to the main systems of water collecting. According to the water
use we have taken into account conventional rules regarding the classification of water bodies. A comparison of
the parameters under survey was done in order to evaluate the quality of these aqueous resources. It has been
established that from the salinity degree stand point, waters exhibit low concentration values in mineral salts,
letting us to classify these waters as soft waters and hence adequate to human consumption after a chemical
disinfection process

Corresponding author: borisvalzam@yahoo.es

CHEMICAL EDUCATION: STRUCTURAL ELUCIDATION, PLICATIN A AND B FROM

WERNERIA DACTYLOPHYLLA
José A. Bravo, Vladimiro Camacho, Willy J. Rendón P., Página 63

Keywords: Chemical Education, structural elucidation, NMR, EIMS, spectral analyses, High altitude plant,
Pupusa, Werneria dactylophylla, Huayna Potosi, Bolivia, Plicatin A and B, toxicity assays, Artemia salina, gram
(-), gram (+) bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Neurospora crassaABSTRACT

Structural elucidation of natural products through spectrometric tools require practice to acquire ability enough
for increasing the research production in tasks such as the quest of new natural origin or derived medical drugs or
with chemosysematics or chemotaxonomic labors. Introducing the techniques to the newcomer would impose the
presentation of problems in an explicit manner and with real examples. We present the detailed structural
elucidation of plicatin B (1) known as methyl 3-(4-hydroxy-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)phenyl)-2-propenoate and we
report the identification of plicatin A (2) known as methyl 4-hydroxy-3-(2’-hydroxy-3’-methyl-3’-butenyl)-
phenyl-trans-α-propenoate, two phenolic compounds reported here for the first time from the species Werneria
dactylophylla. This paper includes an introduction with the bibliographic research and the description of the
isolation and purification procedures, as well indeed a complete step-by-step structural elucidation proposal for 1.
Also, an evaluation of the biological activities of the compounds is reported

Corresponding author: jbravo@umsa.bo

ACTIVATION OF THE FREE FATTY ACID RECEPTOR GPR40 BY (+)-CURCUPHENOL

AND RELATED SYNTHETIC COMPOUNDS
Ana C. Valdivia, , Åke Boketof, Björn Olde, Christer Owman, Antonio Vilaseca, Lenny Fuentes, Olov Sterner
Página 77
Keywords: GPR40; Baccharis genistelloides; (+)-Curcuphenol; (+)-Curcuphenol-methyl-ether, (+)-
Dihydrocurcuphenol; 1-Bisabolone; 1-Bisabolol; Globulol; Bacchopetiolone

ABSTRACT

The bio-guided fractionation of an ethanol extract of Baccharis genistelloides (L) Baker, a plant that traditionally
is used to treat diabetes, yielded (+)-curcuphenol (1) as agonist of GPR40, a cell surface receptor for free fatty
acids. This paper describes the agonistic activity of 1 as well as of a series of semi-synthetic and synthetic
analogues.

Corresponding author: anacarolavaldivia@hotmail.com

PRENYLATED PROTOCATECHUIC ACID DERIVATIVES WITH ANTI-OXIDANT

ACTIVITY FROM PIPER HETEROPHYLLUM
Ana C. Valdivia, Patricia Mollinedo, Antonio Vilaseca, Olov Sternera Página 83

Keywords: Piper heterophyllum; prenylated protocatechuic acid; diester; tetraol; dialdehyde; chromane;
antioxidant activity.

ABSTRACT

Two new protocatechuic acid derivatives, arieianoic acid (1) and arieianol (2), were isolated from the aerial parts
of Piper heterophyllum Ruíz & Pavon and their structures were determined by spectroscopic techniques. From 1,
the semi-synthetic derivatives 3–8 were prepared. The antioxidant activity of the natural and semi-synthetic
derivatives were evaluated using the DPPH assay.

Corresponding author: anacarolavaldivia@hotmail.com

EVALUACION DE DOS METODOS COLORIMETRICOS EN BASE A AMINOFENAZONA

Y AMINOANTIPIRINA PARA LA DETECCION DE MUESTRAS DE SANGRE EN
DIFERENTES CONDICIONES CON FINES FORENSES
Nelly Coterhuanco Apaza1*, Sergio Quispe Mayta2, Lily Salcedo ortiz1 Página 90

Keywords: Hemoglobin, Stains of blood, Aminofenazona, Aminoantipirina, Colorimetric Analysis

ABSTRACT

In this study we evaluate two colorimetric methods based on the aminofenazona and the aminoantipirina, to
determine presence of blood in minimum concentrations by means of the hemoglobin, These experiments were
carried out on different supports (cloths) exposed to environmental conditions environmental and time in which
you/they were exposed. The tests showed high effectiveness in different supports for the sanguine groups O, A, B,
AB and OR giving positive for blood until concentrations of 1/10.000. It is find organic interferentes as the juices
of citric fruits and green vegetables that you/they can you cause false positive. Also you work with stains washed
in which both methods detected blood in invisible stains, and finally the non absorbent supports that were buried
by more time you is not able to detect presence of blood.

Corresponding author: adri-nelly@hotmail.com

A CTIVIDAD CITOTÓXICA IN VITRO EN LÍNEAS CELULARES Y CÉLULAS DE

SANGRE PERIFÉRICA HUMANA DE LOS ALCALOIDES TOTALES DE CORTEZA DE
GALIPEA LONGIFLORA (EVANTA)
Grace Ruiz Pinell, , Cecilia Ríos Terán, Elvira Navarro Guarachi, Juan Antonio Ávila Illanes Página 96

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Keywords: Total alkaloids, cytotoxicity activity, MDCK cells, Hep-2cells, BHK-21cells, Galipea longiflora

ABSTRACT

The Galipea longiflora (Envanta) plant species has a variety of medicinal properties, primarily against
leishmaniasis. The cytotoxic activity in vitro of Evanta was assessed using the total alkaloids from bark (TAB).
The cytotoxic activity was evaluated in continuous cell culture (BHK-21, HEP 2 and MDCK) systems to different
concentrations of alkaloids for 24 hours by the colorimetric method with XTT. The cytotoxic effect on
lymphocytes and erythrocytes from human peripheral blood was measured at concentrations less than 250 µg/mL
by exclusion of the vital dye Tripan Blue method. The cytotoxic effect on BHK-21 cells showed an IC50 of 105.7
µg/mL, for HEP-2 the IC50 was 164.8 µg/mL and on MDCK the IC50 was 173.7 µg/mL. The IC50 for erythrocytes
was 154.2 µg/mL in 24 h and 157.6 µg/mL in 48 h and in lymphocytes the IC50 was 67.1 µg/mL. When
amphotericin B was used regarding their potentially toxic effect for cells, the BHK 21 showed an IC50 34.39
µg/mL, for HEP 2 the IC50 was 37.7 µg/mL and for MDCK cells the IC50 was 27.2 µg/mL. The same
experiment with amphotericin B showed in erythrocytes an IC50 12.75 µg/mL in 24 h and 10.4 mg/mL in 48 h and
in lymphocytes the CI50 was 15.89 µg/mL. These results confirm a minimum toxic effect at high concentration of
Evanta. In addition provide bases to suggest the TAB of Galipea longiflora (Evanta) has a high potential for
developing drugs against Leishmania due to no significant toxic effects.

Corresponding author: gracerfm@hotmail.com

EVALUACIÓN DE LOS NIVELES DE CONTAMINACIÓN POR PLOMO Y ARSÉNICO EN

MUESTRAS DE SUELOS Y PRODUCTOS AGRÍCOLAS PROCEDENTES DE LA REGIÓN
CERCANA AL COMPLEJO METALÚRGICO VINTO
Mercado Maritza, García M. Eugenia, Quintanilla Jorge Página 101
Keywords: Arsenic, Lead, Agricultural products, Carrot, Shallot, Forage, Soil, Metallurgical Vinto,
Spectrometry of Atomic Absorption, Spectrometry of Atomic Absorption with Graphite Furnace and
Spectrometry of Atomic Absorption with Generator of Hidruros.

ABSTRACT

This article completes the previous studies made in the zone of the metallurgical complex Vinto in Oruro -
Bolivia, corroborating that its ecosystem is contaminated in both biotic and abiotic samples.

Corresponding author: hidroqui@gmail.com

PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS FROM BACCHARIS PAPILLOSA SUBSP. PAPILLOSA

Zilma Escobar, Yonny Flores, Leslie Tejeda, Juan Antonio Alvarado, Olov Sternerand Giovanna R. Almanza
Página 111

Keywords: Baccharis papillosa subsp. papillosa, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, Bolivian Medicinal Plants,
antioxidant activity.

ABSTRACT

Four phenolic compounds Ermanine 1, Isokamferine 2, Drupanine 3 and 5,7,5’,4’- tetrahydroxy- 3-

methoxyflavone 4 were isolated from the dry leaves of Baccharis papillosa subsp. papillosa. Their structures
were determinate by spectroscopic methods and compared with bibliographic data. The plant material was
collected in two different seasons; winter and summer, in both cases we determined the same compounds, but
with different yields increasing the quantity of compounds 2, 3 and 4 in summer. In addition, the pure compounds
were submitted to an antioxidant evaluation using two methods: ABTS and FRAP determining a potent

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antioxidant activity for compound 4, a significant antioxidant activity for compound 2 and a weak activity for the
compounds 1 and 3.

Corresponding author: giovyalmanza@yahoo.com.ar