114 I , 01.' l ~ Y l ~ ~ L S T I ~ I .

4 L
I n operating, flasks, funnels and jars are put in
thcir places: thcm thr solutions arc poured onto the
filters, photo So. 3. The first parts of all the filtrates
fall into tbe inclined guttei- and Aow into the recep-
tacle.
If thcrc bc a srries or samplcw it will be found t,liat
by the time all the solutions are pux d onto the
1:ie 3.
filicrs, thc first one is filtering 1J Prfectly clear and is
rrady to be transiwrcd to its jar, as shoirn in photo
'The rack will be found convenient for another
reason: Whcn . fillinx the polarization tubes, the
funnels are put buck into the corresponding holes
in the funnel board, instead of being put on the j ar
previously mril, as is gener;ilI)- done. I n this way
thc solutions rcmain unaltcred. and can be used
No. 4.
Fi g 4.
again as a check, in case any doubt should arise
about a reading on the polariscope.
The size of the rack can be increased or decreased
at convenience. The one shown in the photographs
has iroomfor 1 2 samples. A'LFRDD KR. 4FFT.
CHLIII'C*L I.'\IIOX*TollY
~ Y A ~ L U A A e ~ i c a ~ ~ u x n i . co , Li n.
w ~ , ~ ~ . , . ~ , o.,ilU. 'r. I (.
SAPONIFICATION OF FATS FOR TITER DETERMINATION.
Ediior of the Journal of I nd. alzd Eng. Chemistry:
We notice the publication, in THIS JOURNAL for No-
vcmber, of an article in the "Notes" entitled "Rapid
Saponification of Fats for Titer Determination, ''
by C. V. Zoul, of the Proctor k Gamble Co., Cincinnati,
0. We are very glad to see this method published,
as we have long felt it should have more publicity
as it is very reliable, and most convenient.
However, the article is worded so as to lead a reader
to believe i t is new and original with Mr. Zoul, as can
be inferred from the first paragraph of the article,
d l\7tl I X GI I V I X R I S G ( ; H I S TI? 1 ' . Fcb., 19 I I
also from his statement in the third paragraph:
"Glycerine has been used for saponification but
m ~ e r for titers." If you will rcier to a lettcr written
to you by lis, J uly IO, 1909, offering our cooperation
to the Committee on Uniformity, you will find that
we then enclosed you a copy of a method oi glycerine
saponification Cor titers which we suggested could
he published in the "Notes" if you considered it of
sufkient iiiterest. The method was not published
but in yrmur letter of J uly 1 7 , 1909, Y OU stated that
it and thc soap-stock method accornpanpin,q it would
he considered by the Committee on Uniformity.
Mr. Campbell, when chief chemist in 1900, first
used the method for the titer test, adapting it from the
LeHmann-Beam method of saponification for volatile
fatty acid determination as given in Allen, 3rd edi-
tion, Voi. IT, Pt. I , page 61. This method has been
in daily use in our laboratory continuously and
exclusively about ten years, and during that time
we have handed it on to many others. Among
these we may mention Mr. Oscar Wurster, chiei
chemist, The M. Werk Soap Co., Cincinnati, O.,
Mr. Robt. E. Divine, consulting and analytical chemist,
Detroit, and Mr. Wm. E. Garrigues, chemical engineer
of Detroit in 1907. We have noticed no mention
was made oi the method in the work on titcr tests
done by the Assoc. of Official Agricultural Chemists,
Bureau of Chem., Bulletins 8r and 90, and
from this assume that the method has not been in
general use.
While we possibly may not claim to be originators
of the application of glyccrine saponification to titer
tests, yet as we seem to have used the method more
and longer than any one of whom we know, and as
the method as published seems to be worded as if
new and original; it seems to us only just that the
matter be placed in the proper light before the readers
of THIS JOURXAL.
Yours respectfully,
ARCHI BALD CAXFRELI.,
C. P. LONG.
I_*BOR*I"RY OP THE rrL"PE soap C" ,
C,.urnXrr*T,. otrio.
_-_-
THE USE OF GLYCERINE IN SAPONIFYING FATS IN THE
The following rapid method of saponifying fats for
the determination of the titer has been worked out in
this laboratory and is now being used for all titer
determinations.
Fifty cc. oi high-grade c. P. glycerine (97 per cent.
glycerine) and twenty cc. concentrated caustic potash
solution (roo grams XOH dissolved in roo cc. dis-
tilled water) are placed in a liter flask and warmed
gently on an asbestos board over a low flame. When
hot, fifty grams of the molten fat are poured in and
the flask rotated gently. Saponification begins at
once and is soon complete, although there is usually
some foaming before the mixture becomes clear.
Complete saponification is shown by the mixture
becoming periectly clear and homogeneous. When
saponification is complete the flame is removed and
TITER TEST.