Anchoring block - Bends

ORIGIN 1
daN 10N
force unit

w
tonne
m
3
g := density

b
24
kN
m
3
:=
concrete density
D
ad
600mm := penstock diameter
H
b
320m :=
gross hydraulic head
0.65 := coeffcient
Q
i
2.5
m
s

D
ad
2
4
:= flow
i 1 90 .. := j 1 32 .. :=

i
i deg :=
bend angle
PN
j
j 1.15 10 m :=
60cm D
ad
+ 60cm + 1.8m =

r
18
kN
m
3
:= density

r
33deg :=
friction angle
h
1
0.6m :=
h
2
60cm D
ad
+ 60cm + h
1
+ 2.4m = :=
Resulting force due to mass flow, flow velocity, and static pressure
F
cf
i j ,

w
g
Q
i
2
D
ad
2

4
PN
j

w

D
ad
2

4
+
|

\
|
|
|
|
.
2 1 cos
i
( ) :=
F
cf1
i j ,
15.7
kN
m
4
PN
j
m
D
ad
( )
2
sin

i
2
|

\
|
|
.
:=
Resulting length due to force and bend angle
F
cf
kN
K
0
rest lateral earth pressure
Soil types

1
k
o
=
k
o
0.45
0.4
0.5
1
1
|

\
|
|
|
|
|
|
.
:=
k
o
k
o
1 +
0.31
0.286
0.333
0.5
0.5
|

\
|
|
|
|
|
|
.
= :=

1
0.45
0.4
0.5
1
1
|

\
|
|
|
|
|
|
.
= asin 1 k
o

( )
33.367
36.87
30
0
0
|

\
|
|
|
|
|
|
.
deg = :=
Passive pressures Rest pressure
p
1

r
h
1
tan 45deg

r
2
+
|

\
|
|
.
2
36.635
1
m
2
kN = := k
o
3

r
h
1
5.4
kN
m
2
=
p
2

r
h
2
tan 45deg

r
2
+
|

\
|
|
.
2
146.54
1
m
2
kN = := k
o
3

r
h
2
21.6
kN
m
2
=
P
p
1
p
2
+
2
h
2
h
1

( )
164.857
kN
m
= :=
k
o
3

r

2
h
2
2
h
1
2

|
\
|
.
24.3
kN
m
=
k
o
3

r

2
h
2
2
h
1
2

|
\
|
.

P
14.74 % =
P
adm
P
1m
1.649
daN
cm
2
= :=
allowable bearing pressure
anchoring block length
L
masiv
i j ,
F
cf
i j ,
P
:=
Anchoring block - Bends computation
Computation for a 56 angle bend
ix 56 :=

ix
deg
56 = F
cf
ix 5 ,
151.359 kN =
L
masiv
ix 32 ,
5.82m =
Computation for a 45 angle bend
ix 45 :=

ix
deg
45 = F
cf
ix 5 ,
123.378 kN =
L
masiv
ix 16 ,
2.38m = L
masiv
ix 20 ,
2.969m = L
masiv
ix 25 ,
3.71m = L
masiv
ix 32 ,
4.75m =
Computation for a 30 angle bend
ix 30 :=

ix
deg
30 = F
cf
ix 5 ,
83.444 kN =
L
masiv
ix 16 ,
1.608m = L
masiv
ix 20 ,
2.008m = L
masiv
ix 25 ,
2.509m = L
masiv
ix 32 ,
3.209m =
Computation for a 15 angle bend
ix 15 :=

ix
deg
15 = F
cf
ix 5 ,
42.082 kN =
L
masiv
ix 16 ,
0.811m = L
masiv
ix 20 ,
1.013m = L
masiv
ix 25 ,
1.265m = L
masiv
ix 32 ,
1.619m =
Image example of anchoring block
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
6
6.5
7
7.5
8
PN10
PN16
PN20
PN25
PN35
Anchoring block length chart
Angle [deg]
L
e
n
g
t
h

[
m
]
PN.
L
masiv