Answer scheme of First Trial

Examination 2014
Q Rubric Marks
1 (a) Saponification 1
(b) P1 Detergent
P2 Sea water contains calcium ion and magnesium ion that will not
form scum with detergent
1
1
(c) Detergent is more effective in hard water compared soap
Detergent is more effective in acidic water.
1
(d) Biological enzymes / whitening agent 1
(e) Concentrated potassium hydroxide solution 1
(f) (i) Expiry date 1
(ii) Cause hair fall / allergy 1
(g)
Type of medicine Name of medicine
Antibiotics Streptomycin
Penicillin
Psychotherapeutics Chloropromazine
Amphetamine


1
1

Subtotal
10

Q Rubric Marks
2 (a) A: 2.8.2
B: 2.8.6
1
1
(b) (i) Ionic bond 1
(ii) P1 Atom A donates 2 valence electrons to form A
2+
ion.
P2 Atom B accepts 2 electrons from atom A to form B
2-
ion.
P3 Two oppositely charged ions, A
2+
and B
2-
are attracted by strong
electrostatic force.
1
1
1
(c)



2
(d) High melting point and boiling point//
Can dissolve in water but can dissolve in organic solvent//
Can conduct electricity in molten state or aqueous solution.
1

(e) (i) CB
2
1
(ii) Relative molecular mass
=12+32x2
=76
1
Subtotal 11

Q Rubric Marks
3 (a) (i) Silver 1
(ii) Silver nitrate solution 1
2+ 2-
(b) Ag
+
+ e Ag 1
(c) The blue intensity increase
The concentration of copper (II) ion in copper(II) sulphate increase.
1
1
(d) (i) Z, Y, X, W 1
(ii) X.
X is less electropositive than Z
1
1
(iii) 0.6 V 1
Subtotal 9

Q Rubric Marks
4 (a) (i) Zinc chloride solution 1
(ii) Lead (II) chloride 1
(b) (i) 2HCl + ZnCO
3
ZnCl
2
+ CO
2
+ H
2
O 1
(ii) Number of moles of HCl
= 20x1/1000
=0.02mol

2 mol HCl 1 mol CO
2
0.02 mol HCl 0.01 mol CO
2


Volume of carbon dioxide
= 0.01 x 24
= 0.24 dm
3


1



1



1
(c) (i) Double decomposition / Precipitation 1

(ii) Filter the mixture.
The residue is dried by pressing between two pieces of filter paper.
1
1
Subtotal 9

Q Rubric Marks
5 (a) (i) Hydrogenation 1
(ii) 180 C
Nickel as catalyst
1
1
(iii) C
3
H
6
+ H
2
C
3
H
8
1
(iv) P1 Channel the propene and propane into the each test tube containing
2 cm
3
of bromine water / acidified potassium manganate (VII)
solution.
P2 Propene will decolourise the brown bromine / purple acidified
KMnO
4
but propane cannot.
1

1
(b) Bromine water 1
(c) Hydration 1
(d) (i)

Propyl methanoate
1






1
(ii) Sweet smell/ fragant smell 1
Subtotal 11
Q Rubric Marks
6 (a) (i) Brown / yellow 1
(ii) P1 Add sodium hydroxide solution into the test tube until in excess
P2 Brown precipitate is formed.
1
1
(b) +2 +3 1
(c) Acidified potassium manganate (VII) solution 1
(d) Chlorine water / acidified potassium dichromate (VI) solution 1
(e) (i) To allow the movement of ions to complete the circuit. 1
(ii) Reduction 1
(iii) X + 4(-2) = -1
X = +7
1

(iv) 2I
-
I
2
+ 2e 1
Subtotal 10

Q Rubric Marks
7 (a) P1 Potassium hydroxide is a strong alkali while ammonia is a
weak alkali
P2 Potassium hydroxide dissociates completely in water to
produce high concentration of hydroxide ions.
P3 Ammonia dissociates partially in water to produce low
concentration of hydroxide ions
P4 The concentration of hydroxide ion in potassium hydroxide
is higher than ammonia solution.
P5 The higher the concentration of hydroxide ions, the higher the
pH value.
Any four
1
1

1

1

1
Max 4
(b) (i) One mole of ethanoic acid ionizes in water to produce one mole of
hydrogen ion
CH
3
COOH CH
3
COO
-
+ H
+

1
(ii) P1 Glacial ethanoic acid remains as molecules only
P2 Aqueous ethanoic acid ionizes in water to produce free
moving ions that carry electrical charge.
1

1
(c)
Mg + 2 CH
3
COOH Mg(CH
3
COO)
2
+ H
2
No of moles of hydrogen gas
= 48 /24000
= 0.002mol

2 mol CH
3
COOH 1 mol of hydrogen
0.004 mol CH
3
COOH 0.002 mol of hydrogen

0.004 = M x 50 / 1000
M = 0.08 mol dm
-3

1

1



1


1
(d) Number of moles of acid
38.4 /192 = 0.2 mol
Concentration of acid
= 0.2 / ( 100/1000)
= 2 mol dm
-3

1

1
(e) Compound T is ammonia solution
P1 In condition III, bacteria will produce lactic acid/ H
+
ions
which neutralize negative charge of the protein membrane
P2 The rubber molecules will be collide with each other and
cause the protein membrane broken.
1
1

1

P3 Rubber polymer are released and lump together/ coagulate
P4 In condition II, hydroxide ions from compound T will
neutralize H
+
produced by acid.
P5 The proteins membrane remains negative charged
P6 The rubber particle repel each others / the rubber polymers
cannot combine and coagulate
1
1

1
1
Max 6
Subtotal 20

Q Rubric Marks
8 (a) Source:
P1 sulphur dioxide release from factory.
P2 toxic waste from factory

Process:
P1 Sulphur dissolved in rain water and produce acid rain
P2 toxic waste goes to drain/ lake. Combine with water in the drain /
lake

Effect
P1 Corrode the building
P2 Increase the pH of lake / soil


1
1


1
1


1
1

(b) (i) Material: Copper block and bronze block
Apparatus: steel bearing, 1 kg weight, clamp , ruler, cellotape, thread

Procedure
1. Clamp a meter rule to a retort stand and place a piece of
copper clock on the base of the retort stand.
2. Place a steel ball bearing on the copper block and use a piece
of cellotape to hold the ball bearing in place.
3. Hang 1 kg weight at a height of 50cm above the copper block.
4. The weight is released onto the ball bearing which place on
the copper block
5. Measure the diameter of diameter of the dent made by ball
bearing.
6. Repeat the experiment 3 times using different areas on the
surface of the copper block
7. Calculate the average diameter of the dent
8. Repeat step 1-7 by using a piece of bronze block to replace the
copper block.
Type of
block
Diameter of dent/cm Average /
cm 1 2 3
Copper
Bronze




1

1

1

1
1

1

1
1

2
(ii) Explanation
1. In copper metal, the atoms of same size are arranged in order.
2. When the force is applied, the layers of metal atom will slide
easily
3. In bronze, the presence of tin atom of different size
4. Disrupt the orderly arrangement of atoms in copper
5. reduce the layer of metal atoms to slide one another easily

1
1
1
1
Subtotal 20

Q Rubric Marks
9 (a) P1 The total energy content of reactants is lower the total energy
content of products in Reaction I
P2 The Reaction I is endothermic reaction
P3 The total energy content of reactants is higher than the total
energy content of products in Reaction II
P4 The Reaction II is exothermic reaction.

1
1

1
1

(b) (i) Acid P : Ethanoic acid
Acid Q : Hydrochloric acid
1
(ii) P1 Monoprotic acid P is a weak acid
P2 which dissociates partially in water to produce low concentration of
hydrogen ions
P3 some of the ethanoic acid still remains as molecules
P4 Some heat given out during neutralisation is absorbed to ionize the
ethanoic acid molecules completely
1


1
1
(iii) No of moles of acid P
= 100 x1.0 /1000
= 0.1 mol
H
+
+ OH
-
H
2
O
1 mol of H
+
reacts with 1 mol of OH
-
to form 1 mol of H
2
O.
0.1 mol of H
+
reacts with 0.1 mol of OH
-
to form 0.1 mol of H
2
O.

H = - H / n
55000 = H / 0.1
H = 5500 J
5500 = (100 +100) x 4.2 x
= 6.5 C
1









1
1
(iv)
1. 100 cm
3
of 1.0 mol dm
-3
hydrochloric acid is measured using a
measuring cylinder.
2. Pour the solution into a plastic cup.
3. 100 cm
3
of 1.0 mol dm
-3
sodium hydroxide solution is
measured using another measuring cylinder.
4. Pour the solution into a plastic cup.
5. A thermometer is placed into each solution and the initial
temperature of sodium hydroxide solution and hydrochloric
acid are recorded.
6. The hydrochloric acid is poured quickly and carefully into the
sodium hydroxide solution.
7. The mixture is stirred using a thermometer and the highest
temperature reached by the mixture is recorded.
Method
8. Initial temperature of hydrochloric acid = T
1
o
C
9. Initial temperature of NaOH = T
2
o
C
10. Average initial temperature =( T
1
+ T
2
)/2 = T
a
o
C
11. Highest temperature = T
b
o
C
12. Heat given out, H = mc = 200 x 4.2 x ( T
b
T
a
)
13. Number of moles = 100 x 1.0 / 1000
14. Heat of neutralisation = - H / 0.1 = - A kJ mol
-1

1


1


1


1


1

1



1

1
1

Max =8

Subtotal
20

Q Rubric Mar
ks
10 (a) P1 Reaction I is not a redox reaction
P2 No change in oxidation number for all the elements before and after
the reaction

HCl + NaOH NaOH + H
2
O
Oxidation no. +1 -1 +1 -2 +1 +1 -2 +1 +1 -2

P3 Reaction II is not a redox reaction
P4 Oxidation number of magnesium increase from 0 +2
Oxidation number of copper decrease from +2 0
Mg + CuSO
4
Mg SO
4
+ Cu
0 +2 +2 0

1
1





1
1

(b) (i) Oxidation number of copper in CuO = +2
Oxidation number of copper in Cu
2
O = +1

1
1
(ii) Copper (II) oxide
Copper (I) oxide
They have different oxidation number.
1
1
1
(c) Step Chemicals used Observation
I
Any suitable oxidizing
agent/
e.g: Copper(II) sulphate
solution
Correct corresponding
observation/
Blue solution of
Copper(II) sulphate
solution becomes paler or
colourless
II
Any suitable reducing
agent/
e.g: zinc powder
Correct corresponding/
zinc powder dissolves//
brown colour of iron(III)
ions becomes pale green







1+1






1+1



(d) P : chlorine / bromine
Q : bromine / iodine
Set I
P1 P is more electronegative [than iodine]// iodine is less electronegative
[than P]
P2 P is reduced to P
-
ion / P undergoes reduction to P
-
P3 I
-
ion is oxidised to iodine/ I
-
ion undergoes oxidation
P4 P
2
+ 2e
-
2P
-

P5 2I
-
I
2
+ 2e

Set II
P6 Q is less electronegative/ Chlorine is more electronegative

1
1


1
1
1

1

1
Max
=7

Subtotal
20
End of Answer Scheme