Geography

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SECTION A
1. On the outline, map of the world supplied
to you mark any ten of the following and
also write in your answer script the most
significant aspect of every one of them in
not more than ten words each :
(a) Adams Bridge
(b) Appalachian Mountains
(c) Bohemia
(d) Chechnya
(e) Golden Triangle
(f) Great Artesian Basin
(g) Labrador Current
(h) Lesotho
(i) Patagonia
(j) Sahel
(k) Tasmania
(l) Yucatan Peninsula
2. Provide a critique of the !geographical cycle
model propounded by Davis. 60
3. Discuss the criteria which Thornthwaite
adopted for his 1948 classification of world
climates. 60
4. Write in detail on the concept of biosphere
as an ecosystem. 60
SECTION B
5. Write short notes on any three of the following
in about 200 words each :
(a) Geosyncline
(b) Neo-environmentalism
(c) Isolated state
(d) Rimland Theory
6. Bring out the main points of difference
between the central place theories of
Christaller and Losch. 60
PAPER - I
Time Allowed : 3 hours Maximum marks : 300
INSTRUCTIONS
Each question is printed both in Hindi and in English.
Answers must be written in the medium specified in the Admission Certificate issued to you, which must be
stated clearly on the cover of the answer-book in the space provided for the purpose. No marks will be given for
the answers written, in a medium other than that specified in the Admission Certificate.
Candidates should attempt Questions 1 and 5 which are compulsory, and any THREE of the remaining
questions selecting at least ONE question from each Section.
All questions carry equal marks.
Illustrate your answers with suitable sketch-maps and diagrams.
2002
Previous Years Question Papers
http://upscportal. com/civilservices/order-form/geography-upsc-mains-examination-topic-wise-question-analysis
7. Write an essay on !sustainable development
from the perspective of geography. 60
8. To what extent do the regional patterns of
economic development and human
development in the world correspond with
each other? Highlight situations of
departure, in particular. 60
PAPER-II
Time allowed: 3 hours Maximum marks : 300
INSTRUCTIONS
stated clearly on the cover of the answer-book in the space provided for the purpose No mark will be given for
the answers written in a medium other than that specified in the Admission Certificate.
SECTION A
1. Mark on the outline map of India supplied
any ten of the following entries. Write brief
notes (not exceeding 30 words) on the
significant aspect of each entry :
(i) Blue Mountain
(ii) Tawa river
(iii) Dallirajhara mines
(iv) Marmugao
(v) Coimbatore
(vi) Kodaikanal
(vii) Wular lake
(viii) Rourkela
(ix) Konkan railway
(x) Laterite soils
(xi) Gulf of Mannar
(xii) Rana Pratap Sagar.
2. Explain the origin, mechanism and
characteristics of Summer Monsoon in
India.
60
3. Critically evaluate the Dual impacts of green
revolution in India. 60
4. Discuss the oil and natural gas pipeline
networks in India. Highlight their
complementary role in regional
development.
60
SECTION B
5. Answer any three of the following in about
200 words each :
(a) Account for the present distributional
pattern of population density in India.
(b) Analyse the role of policy of
liberalization on industrial landscape
of India.
(c) Discuss the salient features of Cauvery
Water Award.
(d) Elucidate the role of Tribal
Development Blocks in development
of Tribal areas.
6. Explain the causes, impacts and remedial
measures of earthquake disaster. 60
7. In what way the language, religion and
tradition can form the basis of cultural
regionalisation of India? Elaborate. 60
8. Give a reasoned account of regional
disparities in economic development in
India and bring out the contribution of
decentralized planning in solving this
problem. 60
SECTION A
1. On the outline map of the world supplied to
you mark any TEN of the following and also
write in your answer script the most
significant aspect of each of them in not more
than TEN words :
(a) Stewart Island
(b) Shibeli River
(c) Asuncion
(d) Catskill mountains
(e) North Cape
(f) Cape York Peninsula
(g) Tsugaru Strait
(h) Izmir
(i) Bay of Plenty
(j) Gulf of Darien
(k) Uranium City
(l) Zagreb.
2. Explain the sequential development of
landforms associated with the coastal areas.
60
3. Discuss the mechanism and significance of
tricellular meridional circulation of
atmosphere. 60
4. Present a concise account of bottom relief of
the Indian Ocean. 60
SECTION B
5. Write short notes on any Three of the
following in about 200 words each :
(a) Genesis of Soils
(b) Environmental Pollution
(c) Concept of limits go growth
(d) Regional imbalances.
6. Present a critical analysis of human and
welfare approaches in Human Geography.
60
PAPER-I
Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum marks : 300
INSTRUCTIONS
stated clearly on the cover of the answer book in the space provided for the purpose. No marks will be given for
2003
7. Examine the concept of sphere of urban
influence and discuss the qualitative and
quantitative methods used in its
delimitation. 60
8. Critically examine the stages of Economic
Growth Model propounded by Rostov.
Illustrate your answer with suitable
examples. 60
PAPER-II
INSTRUCTIONS
SECTION A
significant aspect of each entry :
(i) Loktak Lake
(ii) Elephanta Island
(iii) Kali Sindh River
(iv) Ranikhet
(v) Girnar Hills
(vi) Alwaye
(vii) Shillong Plateau
(viii) Kolar Gold Mines
(ix) Salem
(x) Rohtang Pass
(xi) Gobind Ballabh Pant Sagar
(xii) New Mangalore
2. Highlight the salient differences between the
Himalayan and the Peninsular drainage
systems. 60
3. Give an account of the success and prospects
of Blue Revolution with comments on its
impacts on rural economy of India. 60
4. Discuss the growing importance of ports in
foreign trade of India. 60
SECTION B
5. Answer any three of the following in 200
words each:
(a) Discuss the census definition of urban
areas in India :
(b) Explain the concept of Command Area
Development in respect of Multi-
Purpose Projects of India.
(c) Identify the drought-prone areas of
India and discuss the measures of their
development.
(d) Make an appraisal of the role of India
in the geo-politics of the Indian Ocean.
6. Discuss the programmes and policy of
development of dry areas in India. 60
7. Present an account of the experience of
regional planning in India in the context of
Damodar Valley. 60
8. Explain the causes of regional disparities in
economic development of India. 60
SECTION A
1. On the outline map of the world supplied to
you, mark any ten of the following and also
significant aspect of every one of them in
not more than ten words each :
(a) Andes
(b) Bamian
(c) Cape Horn
(d) Darwin
(e) Fiji
(f) Great Lakes
(g) Iberian Peninsula
(h) Maastricht
(i) Nunavut
(j) Pyrenees
(k) Sinai
(l) Kalahari
2. Describe the landforms which are products
of endogenetic forces. 60
3. How would the impact of global warming
differ from one part of the earth to another ?
Give a reasoned account. 60
4. Discuss the mid-Atlantic Ridge in terms of
its origin extent and relief. 60
SECTION B
60
(a) Peneplain
(b) Pelagic deposits
(c) Potential evapotranspiration
(d) Growth pole
6. To what extent are the heartland and rim
land theories helpful in understanding the
world political situation today ? Express
your opinion clearly. 60
PAPER-I
Time allowed : 3 hours Maximum marks : 300
INSTRUCTIONS
2004
7. Discuss various strategies for correcting
regional imbalances. 60
8. Distinguish between radical and welfare
approaches in geographic studies. 60
PAPER-II
INSTRUCTIONS
SECTION A
significant aspects of each entry:
(i) Gulf of Kutch
(ii) Indravati river
(iii) Mount Abu
(iv) Ganga river waterway from Allahabad
(v) Dhauladhar range
(vi) Kudremukh
(vii) Gulmarg
(viii) Black soils
(ix) Nagarjun Sagar
(x) Bhuj
(xi) Rajrappa Fall
(xi) Dimapur.
2. Discuss the role of spatial pattern of rainfall
and temperature in the delimitation of
climatic regions of India, especially with
reference of Stamps climatic
regionalization. 60
3. Identify the important biotic-resource
regions of India. Highlight, in brief the
problems and remedial measures of
biotic-resource conservation in India. 60
4. Give a comparative account of the
development of River Water Transport in
pre-colonial and post-independence
periods in India. Highlight the role of River
Transport in regional development. 60
SECTION B
200 words each :
(a) Evaluate the population policy of India
and examine its relevance to the
nations population control.
(b) How do slums develop? Give concrete
suggestions for their improvement.
(c) Write an essay on the origin,
dimensions and implications of Sino-
Indian border dispute.
(d) Evaluate the concept of sustainable
growth and development.
6. "Economic characteristics of an area exert a
much more direct effect upon its population
patterns than do the physical
characteristics.# Explain with examples.
60
7. Explain the causes, impacts and remedial
measures of flood-hazards in Middle and
Lower Ganga plain. 60
8. Examine the regional development policy
of India in various Five Year Plans. 60
SECTION A
1. On the outline map of the World supplied to
you, mark any ten of the following and also
significant aspect of each of them in not more
than 10 words:
(a) Taipei
(b) Bern
(c) Lake Balaton
(d) Port Louis
(e) Great Barrier Reef
(f) Leeds
(g) Broken Hill
(h) Nova Scotia
(i) Madrid
(j) Moluccas
(k) Graz
(l) Mosul
2. "Structure is a dominant control factor in
the evolution of landforms. Discuss with
suitable examples. 60
3. Discuss the main features of the climatic
classification system evolved by Koppen.
Also point out its anomalies. 60
4. Bring out the major problems of
environmental pollution at global scale and
suggest measures to check it. 60
SECTION B
(a) Role of seismic waves in the study of
earths interior
(b) Soil erosion and conservation
(c) Areal differentiation
(d) Concept of primate city
6. Examine the Heart-land theory, and assess
its merits and demerits. 60
PAPER-I
INSTRUCTIONS
2005
7. Discuss Webers theory of industrial
location, and as-sess its relevance in the
present-day context. 60
8. What is a region ? Discuss the methods of
regionalisation. 60
PAPER-II
INSTRUCTIONS
The number of marks carried by each question is indicated at the end of the question.
SECTION A
significant aspects of the same ten entries.
(i) Jawahar Lal Nehru Port
(ii) Chandra Bhaga River
(iii) Kaimur Range
(iv) Dalhousie
(v) Ganga Sagar
(vi) Indira Point
(vii) Cardamom Hills
(viii) Bombay High
(ix) Nag Pahar
(x) Gersoppa Falls
(xi) Pulicat Lake
(xii) Kakinada
2. "Non-conventional energy is the energy of
the future in India.# Justify this statement.
60
3. Present an account of the success and
constraints of White Revolution in India.
60
4. What is the Golden Quadrilateral ? Discuss
the progress made in its execution and
impacts on Indian economy. 60
SECTION B
200 words each:
(a) Identify the tribal areas of India and
highlight their important problems.
(b) Discuss briefly the principal types of
rural settlements in India.
(c) Elucidate the concept of sustainable
growth and development.
(d) Discuss Panchayati Raj as a measure
of decentralised planning in India.
6. Give an account of the distribution of flood-
prone areas of India and the programmes
and policy of controlling the impact of floods
in the country. 60
7. Examine the relationship between
geography and regional planning. 60
8. Discuss the experience of regional planning
in India in the context of the National Capital
Region. 60
SECTION A
1. On the outline map of the World provided to
you, mark the location of any ten of the
following. Also write in your answer script
the most significant aspect of each of them
in not more than 10 words :
(a) Kulti
(b) Mount Adam
(c) Pidurutala Galle
(d) Yangon
(e) Kuala Terengganu
(f) Brunei
(g) East Timor
(h) Greater Kinghan
(i) Shanghai
(j) Ulan Bator
(k) Dodoma
(l) Tshwane
2. Critically evaluate the continental drift
hypothesis of A. Wegener. 60
3. Compare the structure and associated
weather conditions of tropical cyclone with
that of temperate cyclone. 60
4. Discuss the global ecological imbalances
and their management. 60
SECTION B
(a) Distribution of soils
(b) Cultural regions of the world
(c) Sustainable development
(d) Ocean currents of Northern Atlantic
Ocean
6. In urban geography, what are the concepts
of primate city and Rank Size Rule? Discuss
in detail. 60
7. What is the concept of a region ? Discuss the
types of regions. 60
8. Write down main agricultural types and
their associated features with special
reference to Whittlesey. Show these regions
on the World map provided to you. 60
PAPER-I
INSTRUCTIONS
Answers must he written in the medium specified in the Admission Certificate issued to you, which must be
the answers written in a medium other, than that specified in the Admission Certificate.
Candidates should attempt Question Nos. 1 and 5 which are compulsory, and an THREE of the remaining
Illustrate your answers with suitable sketch maps and diagrams.
2006
PAPER-II
INSTRUCTIONS
Answers must be written in the medium specified in the Admis-sion Certificate issued to you, which must be
Illustrate your answer with suitable sketch maps and diagrams.
SECTION A
1. Mark on the outline map of India supplied,
significant aspects of each entry :
(i) Malaygiri
(ii) Sibsagar
(iii) Khetri
(iv) Kolleru lake
(v) Sind river
(vi) Kalakot
(vii) Nathula pass
(viii) Renukoot
(ix) Sabarigiri
(x) Surendranagar
(xi) New Moore Island
(xii) Javadi hills
2. Give a critical account of the recent theories
of origin of Indian monsoon with special
reference to Jet Stream Theory. 60
3. Discuss the problems and prospects of dry
zone agriculture in India and highlight
strategies and schemes for its development.
60
4. Trace the evolution of industries in India
and evaluate the role of multinationals and
liberalisation policies in this context. 60
SECTION B
200 words each :
(a) Discuss the causes and consequences
of sex-ratio variations in India.
(b) Examine the geographical basis of
Indian federalism.
(c) Write an essay on the population
explosion and food security in India.
(d) Discuss the elements and approaches
of town planning in India.
6. Explain the morphology of Indian cities in
the background of existing morphological
models. 60
7. Present an account of tribals, tribal areas and
their problems in India.
60
8. Explain the processes and patterns of
regional disparities in India and suggest
suitable measures for bringing about the
regional balances. 60
SECTION A
1. On the outline map of Africa provided to
following. Also write in your answer script
the most significant aspect of each of them
in not more than 10 words :
(i) Casablanca
(ii) Kimberley
(iii) Aswan
(iv) Kalahari
(v) Alexandria
(vi) Durban
(vii) Lagos
(viii) Luanda
(ix) Lake Victoria
(x) Cape Town
(xi) Niger Delta
(xii) Maputo
PAPERI
Time allowed: 3 hours Maximum marks : 300
INSTRUCTIONS
2. Discuss the development of local winds, and
their influence on local weather, giving three
examples of the well-known local winds in
the world. 60
3. Discuss the different bases for classifying
the ocean deposits and give a detailed
account of pelagic deposits of the oceans.
60
4. Define the concept of isostasy and discuss
the postulations of Airy and Pratt. 60
SECTION B
in about 200 words each:
(i) Social Forestry and Environmental
Conservation
(ii) Dualism in Geography
(iii) Eustatic changes of Sea-level
(iv) Delineation of Urban Fringe
2007
6. Explain the concept of sustainable
development and propose a model for
agricultural development. 60
7. Give an account of the functional bases of
central place hierarchy. 60
8. Write a note on the parameters used to
describe the demographic transitions in the
developing countries like India. 60
PAPER-II
INSTRUCTIONS
SECTION A
notes (not exceeding 30 words each) on the
significant aspects of the same ten entries :
(a) Nagarjuna Sagar
(b) Dharmasala
(c) Aizawl
(d) Konkan Railway
(e) Kovalam Beach
(f) Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary
(g) ICRISAT
(h) Vishakhapatnam Port
(i) Panna
(j) Nuclear Fuel Complex
(k) Gurgaon
(l) Bodh Gaya
2. Explain the different views put forth about
the origin of Himalayas and divide
Himalayas into vertical divisions. 60
3. Discuss the need of conservation and utility
of water resource in India. 60
4. "The institutional factors have grip over the
crop pattern and crop productivity on Indian
agriculture.# Justify. 60
SECTION B
200 words each :
(a) Discuss the policies and programmes
of Integrated Rural Development
Programmes in India.
(b) Explain the causes and consequences
of migration.
(c) Write a critical note on the Cauvery
River Dispute.
(d) Critically examine the Panchayati Raj
setup.
6. Bring out the impact of multinationals and
liberalisation on the Industrial Economy/
Pattern of India. 60
7. Discuss environmental problems of India in
the context of rapid economic development
and population growth. 60
8. "Slums are urban menace.# Elucidate with
Indian cities as examples. 60
SECTION A
1. On the outline map of the world provided to
following, for which 1 (one) mark is given to
each correct entry. Write in your answer book
the significant geographical relevance or
strategic importance of the locations,
whether physical / commercial / economic
/ eco-logical / environmental / cultural in
not more than 40 words for that entry. 5 (five)
marks are allotted for each write-up:
(a) Ozark Plateau
(b) Anatolia
(c) Mato Grasso
(d) Pusan
(e) Brooks Range
(f) Dasht-e Kavir
(g) Cape Horn Current
(h) Burzil Pass
(i) Bass Strait
PAPER-I
INSTRUCTIONS
Candidates should attempt Question Nos. 1 and 5 which are compulsory, and any THREE of the remaining
The number of marks carried by each question is indicated it the end of the question.
(j) Kjolen Range
(k) Santos
(l) Abuja
2. Critically examine the concept of geomorphic
cycle and discuss the views of W. M. Davis
and W. Penck. (60)
3. Discuss the mechanism and origin of
Monsoon winds and explain the sole of El
Nino on Monsoon circulation. (60)
4. Describe the ideal conditions for Coral reef
formation and discuss the glacial control
theory of coral reef formation. (60)
SECTION B
in about 200 words each:
(a) Desertification as an environmental
hazard
(b) Primate cities
(c) Seafloor spreading theory
(d) Behavioural Geography
2008
6. Discuss the social and economic theories of
population growth. (60)
7. Describe the laws of international
boundaries and frontiers.
8. Discuss the views of von Thunen on
agricultural location. (60)
PAPER-II
INSTRUCTIONS
SECTION A
notes (not exceeding 40 words each) on the
significant aspects of the same ten entries.
(a) Butcher Island
(b) Gopalpur Beach
(c) Lavasa
(d) Gandhisagar
(e) Nam Dapha
(f) Pampore
(g) Mount Harrier
(h) Barail Ranges
(i) Palitana
(j) NIO
(k) Baltel
(l) Pindari
2. Distinguish between the Himalayan and the
peninsular drainage systems. (60)
3. Discuss the bases of identifying agro-
climatic zones and explain the core-
strategies for agricultural development.
(60)
4. Explain the factors promoting the rapid
growth and development of the automobile
industry in India, giving suitable examples.
(60)
SECTION B
200 words each :
(a) Suggest appropriate energy policy for
minimising energy crisis in India.
(b) Describe and explain the spatial
patterns of literacy in India.
(c) Assess the geopolitical significance of
Indian ocean.
(d) Explain the concept of sustainable
development and examine its
relevance.
6. !Unplanned urban development has created
numerous problems. Comment. (60)
7. Critically examine the bases of state
reorganisation in India since independence.
(60)
8. Discuss the problems and prospects of
development of catchment and command
areas. (60)
SECTION A
1. Answer the following in about 200 words
each
(a) Highlight the geomorphic features
essentially found in topographies
under the Second Cycle of Erosion. 2
(b) Give a brief account of the principal
land biomes and their latitudinal
distribution.
20
(c) Discuss views on slope development
provided by L. C. King. 20
2. (a) Identify each feature that is indicated
by the numerals (i) to (x) on the World
Map provided. Identification of the
feature carries 2 marks each.
(b) Mention the location of each feature in
PAPER-1
Time Allowed : 3 Hours Maximum marks : 300
INSTRUCTIONS
questions selecting at least ONE question from each Section. Wherever a question is attempted, all its parts are
to attempted.
Illustrate your answers with suitable sketches, maps and diagrams, where appropriate.
A WORLD MAP IS ATTACHED TO, AND FORMS PART OF THIS QUESTION PAPER PLEASE CHECK
WHEN YOU RECEIVE THE QUESTION PAPER.
respect of $ GMT. This carries 1 mark
each.
(c) Provide a write-up on the significance
of the identified feature in
approximately 40 words. This carries
3 marks each.
3. (a) Explain factors contributing to the
Global Climate Change. 20
(b) Discuss the consequences of Climate
Change of agriculture and food
security, and on the Coastal Zones of
the world. 20
(c) How does Climate Change affect
urban areas? 20
4. (a) Examine economic significance of the
resources of the Continental shelf of
the Indian Ocean. 30
2009
(b) Comment on marine heat budget and
the oceanic circulation system. 30
SECTION B
(Human Geography)
(a) Weight Triangle
(b) !Limits to Growth model
(c) Tropical atmospheric instability.
(d) Zonal and Azonal soils.
6. (a) Provide a geographical account of
global production and distribution of
food. 30
(b) !Quantitative Revolution and model
building provided an empirical basis
for geographical research- Elaborate.
30
7. Elaborate the concept of Megalopolis and
discuss the characteristics and problems
related to two such regions selecting one each
from North America and Europe. 60
8. (a) Provide a broad classification of world
cultural regions. 30
(b) Highlight the significance of
environmental issues in Regional
Planning. 30
PAPER-II
INSTRUCTIONS
SECTION A
1. On the outline map of India provided to you,
mark the location of any fifteen of the
following for which 1(one) mark is given to
each correct entry. Write in your answer
script the significant geographical relevance
or strategic importance of these locations,
whether physical/commercial/economic/
ecological/ environmental/cultural in not
more than 30 words for each entry. 3 (three)
marks are allotted for each write-up.
(a) Akarimota
(b) Kolleru Lake
(c) Van Tivu
(d) Silent Valley
(e) Amravati River
(f) Pirotan Island
(g) Mangla
(h) Meghnagar
(i) Shipki La
(j) Bhachau
(k) The home of Sundari tree
(l) Place of origin of River Narmada
(m) Gokak
(n) Ken River
(o) Bailadila
(p) Bhavani Sagar Dam
(q) Kutralam Falls
(r) Dalma Hills
(s) Dhanjori Hills
(t) Rangit River
2. (a) Discuss the formation and their
distribution of the major soil types of
India. 30
(b) Give reasons as to why rainfall
variability is a characteristic feature of
Indias monsoons 30
3. Distinguish between the West and East
coasts of India in terms of their evolution,
present topography and drainage pattern.
60
4. Examine the role of raw materials in the
location of the Iron and Steel Industry in
India. Illustrate your answer with suitable
examples. 60
SECTION B
200 words each:
(a) What is the role of the Triple Transport
System in the regional development of
India?
(b) Explain the factors responsible for the
distribution of Sugar industry in India.
(c) State the geographical factors which
influence rural house types in India.
(d) Giving reasons, identify the chronic
drought-prone areas of India.
6. What are the causes and consequences of
environmental degradation in Indias
industrial areas? 60
7. "There is no sharp divide where an urban
settlement stops and rural area begins.#
Analyse the statement with reference to the
sprawl of Indian cities. 60
8. (a) How do the !push and !pull factors
operate for the emergence of slums in
the metropolises of India? 30
(b) Discuss the impact of globalization on
Indias industry and agriculture
sectors. 30
PAPER-1
INSTRUCTIONS
questions selecting at least ONE question from each Section. Wherever a question is attempted, all its parts are
to attempted.
Illustrate your answers with suitable sketches, maps and diagrams, where appropriate.
A WORLD MAP IS ATTACHED TO, AND FORMS PART OF THIS QUESTION PAPER PLEASE CHECK
WHEN YOU RECEIVE THE QUESTION PAPER.
SECTION A
1. Write short notes on the following in about.
60
(a) Essential conditions for the
development of Karst topography
(b) Ocean deposits
(c) Inversion of temperature
(d) Floristic Kingdoms, based on their
global distribution
2. (a) Bring out the relevance of seismic
study in determining the structure of
the interior of the earth. 30
(b) "Weathering is a complex
phenomenon involving a number of
processes and is influenced by various
factors,# Elaborate. 30
3 (a) What is !polar front? How does
cyclone develop along this front?
Describe the weather conditions
associated with it. 30
(b) Examine the various kinds of
atmospheric humidity and their
associated forms. 30
4. (a) Explain the scientifically sound
methods of bathymetry and give an
account of the bottom topography of
the Atlantic Ocean. 30
(b) Give an account of the structure of
ecosystem and describe its functional
aspects. 30
SECTION B
5. Write short explanatory notes on the
following. 60
2010
(a) Neo-determinism
(b) Occidental cultural real
(c) Optimum population
(d) Growth poles
(e) Von Thunens concept of economic
rent
6. (a) Critically examine the method of
deriving Human Development Index.
30
(b) "Famine, to considerable extent, is a
man-made hazard.# Elaborate. 30
7. (a) Critically examine the changing
perspectives on the concept of a real
differentiation. 30
(b) Bring out the sequential improvements
in models of city structure by E. W.
Burgess, Homer Hoyt, and Harris and
Ullman. 30
8. (a) Discuss the role of World Trade
Organisation in determining the
pattern of world trade. 30
(b) "Huge populations of developing
countries are not a curse. These may
be and also are an asset, it situations
are properly managed.# Elaborate on
this assertion. 30
PAPERII
INSTRUCTIONS
SECTION A
1. On the outline map of India provided to you,
mark the location of ALL of the following
for which 1 (one) mark is given to each
correct entry.
Write in your answer script the significant
geographical relevance of strategic
importance of these locations, whether
physi cal /commerci al /ecol ogical /
environmental/cultural in not more than 30
words for each entry. 3 (three) marks are
allowed for each write-up. 60
(a) Narcondam
(b) Kavvayi
(c) Krishnapatnam
(d) Shadnagar
(e) Gahirmatha
(f) Point Calimere
(g) Jaitapur
(h) Parichha
(i) Saltoro Kangri
(j) Shencottah Gap
(k) Banas River
(l) Sirpur
(m) Sanand
(n) Drass
2. Explain Himalayan Orogeny and illustrate
how the process has affected the geomorphic
characteristics of Macro divisions of
Himalayas. 60
3. (a) Discuss the spatial distribution of
Natural Vegetation in India with the
help of a sketched map. 30
(b) Examine the problems and prospects
of agro-based industries in Bihar. 30
4. (a) Discuss the emerging pattern of
surface water utilization in India. 30
(b) Assess as to how surface water
utilization affects food production and
food security in the country. 30
SECTION B
5. Write about the following in about 250 words
each. 60
(a) Role of physiography in cross border
terrorism
(b) Offshore oilfields and coastal ecology
(c) Spatial pattern of soil erosion in India
(d) Ethnic diversity of North-eastern
States
6. (a) Define an !Epidemic and discuss the
occurrence of Chikungunya in India.
30
(b) Identify the regions affected by
Chikungunya with the help of a
sketched map and bring out the
regional of the disease. 30
7. (a) Outline the role Class II and Class III
towns in the urban process of India
and indicate their contribution
towards balanced urban development.
30
(b) How does the formation of a National
Park help ecological restoration and
conservation? Explain with suitable
example. 30
8. (a) Explain how Demographic Transition
created Demographic Divide in
Contemporary India. 30
(b) What is Regionalism? Discuss how
regionalism affects the developmental
process with suitable examples. 30
2011
Paper I
Maximum Marks: 300 Time Allowed: Three Hours
INSTRUCTIONS
Answer must be written in the medium specified in the Admission Certificate issued to you, which must be
the answer written in a medium other than that specified in the Admission Certificate.
Candidate should attempt Question Nos. 1 and 5 , which are compulsory, and any three of the remaining
questions selecting at least one question selecting at least one question from each Section.
The number of the marks carried by each question is indicated at the end of the question.
Parts of the question must be answered together and must not be interposed between answers to other questions.
Illustrate your answer with suitable sketch-maps and diagrams, where appropriate.
Section !A"
1. Write short notes on the following in about
150 words each: 12 x 5= 60
(a) Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism
(b) Rossby waves and Jet Stream
(c) Salinity patterns in Indian Ocean
(d) Soil profile in Zonal and Azonal soils
(e) Marine Ecosystem
2. (a) Name the climatically controlled
agents of erosion. Explain how they
differ in terms of properties of matter.
Compare the landforms produced by
each of them. 30
(b) Explain the concept of Isostasy as
postulated by Airy and Pratt. 30
3. (a) Give an account of global distribution
of precipitation. 30
(b) "Contemporary global climate change
is an anthropogenic phenomenon.#
Discuss 30
4. (a) "Temperature, salinity and density
differences in ocean water are the
prime causes of ocean water
circulation.# Elaborate. 30
(b) Define the term biome. List the
terrestrial biomes and describe the
characteristics of Savanna biome. 30
Section !B"
5. Write short explanatory notes on the
following: 12 x 5 = 60
(a) Welfare approach in Human
Geography
(b) Secondary cities in the context of
urbanisation in developingworld.
(c) Isodapane in the theory of Industrial
location.
(d) Population & food security.
(e) Ingredients of Sustainable
Development.
6. (a) Discuss the impact of positivism in
paradigm shift in Geography. 30
(b) Enumerate alternative strategies of
planning for backward regions. 30
7. (a) Distinguish between boundaries and
frontiers. Identify different types of
boundaries. 30
(b) Mention the agricultural regions as
classified by Whittlessey and discuss
their relevance. 30
8. (a) Discuss System Approach and its
applicability in Geography. 30
(b) Critically examine the salient features
of Central Place Theory propounded
by Christaller and Losch.
Paper II
Maximum Marks: 300 Time Allowed: Three Hours
INSTRUCTIONS
Answer must be written in the medium specified in the Admission Certificate issued to you, which must be
the answer written in a medium other than that specified in the Admission Certificate.
Candidate should attempt Question Nos. 1 and 5 , which are compulsory, and any three of the remaining
questions selecting at least one question selecting at least one question from each Section.
The number of the marks carried by each question is indicated at the end of the question.
Illustrate your answer with suitable sketch-maps and diagrams, wherever considered required.
An outline map of India is attached to this question paper for answering Question No. 1.
This map is to be carefully detached from the question paper and attached securely to the answer book by the
candidate.
Section !A"
1. On the outline map of India provided to you
mark the location of ALL of the following for
which 1 (one) mark is given to each correct
entry.
Write in your answer script the significant
geographical relevance or strategic
importance of these locations, whether
physi c al /commer ci a l /economi c/
ecological/ environmental/ cultural in not
more than 30 words for each entry. Four (4)
marks are allotted for each write-up of these
correctly marked locations.
5 x 12 = 60
(a) Badami
(b) Mandvi
(c) Dodital
(d) Yanam
(e) Netarhat
(f) Shansabad
(g) Lakshmantirth River
(h) Bara-Lacha La
(i) Kalakot Fall
(j) Singrauli
(k) Dafla Hills
(l) Tree Island
2. Present a comparative analysis of the
regimes of Himalayan and Peninsular rivers
of India and examine their implications in
the irrigation system of the country
3. (a) Identify the major biosphere reserve
of India and discuss their role in the
conservation of forest and wildlife.30
(b) Give an account of potentiality and
prospects of development of marine
resources of India. 30
4. (a) Discuss the potentiality and status of
aquaculture in the Ganga Plain. 30
(b) Assess the scope and development of
Pharmaceuticals Industry in India.
30
Section !B"
5. Write about the following in about 200
words each: 15 x 4 = 60
(a) Prospects of Rainbow Revolution in
India
(b) Karewa Deposits and their economic
significance.
(c) Impact of land tenure on agricultural
produce.
(d) Agro-forestry in India.
6. (a) Asses the growing importance of air
transport in India and examine its role
in the regional development of the
country. 30
(b) Discuss the spatial pattern of the intra-
regional migration in India and
examine its implications in regional
development. 30
7. (a) Differentiate between conurbation and
metropolitan regions. Give a reasoned
account of emerging conurbations in
India. 30
(b) Identify the ravine affected areas in
India and discuss the environmental
and economic impacts of their
reclamation. 30
8. (a) Discuss the problems of environ-
mental degradation generated by the
urban wastes in India. 30
(b) Analyse the causes of desertification
in India. Represent the desertified
areas of the country on a sketch map
and suggest remedial measures to
control it. 30
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