Unit 5 Biology: Total marks = 90

1. Compare the structure of a fast and slow-twitch muscle bres. (3 marks)

2. Regarding the structure of a muscle bre, what is the name for the thin laments? (1
mark)
3. Explain how a muscle contracts according to the sliding lament theory. (6 marks)
4. Suggest how a long period of intense exercise may result in cramp. (4 marks)
5. Discuss the potential benets and dangers of exercise in humans. (6 marks)
6. Suggest how an athlete with a disability may be able to compete at a high level. (2
marks)
7. Describe the process of glycolysis and how it produces ATP. (4 marks)
8. Suggest how anabolic steroids may affect the performance of a weight-lifter? (4
marks)
9. How might the use of drugs be justied? (2 marks)
10. During exercise, the heart rate of the individuals describe the process which brings
causes this change. (3 marks)
11. An increase in physical activity often results in an increase in temperature - if the
temperature became to high the enzymes involved in respiration would be
denatured, meaning respiration would stop. How is temperature regulated? (4
marks)
12. What might happen to the Krebs cycle if the acetyl CoA enzyme was no longer
present? (3 marks)
13. What joins bone to bone? (1 mark)
14. What joins muscle to bone? (1 mark)
15. Suggest how the pupil reacts to bright light. (4 marks)
16. State the name of the photoreceptor present in plants? (1 mark)
17. Compare the differences between plant hormones, animal hormones and the
nervous system as methods of coordination. (5 marks)
18. Draw a labelled diagram showing the structure of a motor neurone. (3 marks)
19. Give one function for the hypothalamus, medulla oblongata and frontal lobe of the
brain. (3 marks)
20. What sequence of events occurs when an action potential arrives at a synapse? (5
marks)
21. Outline what is meant by the term critical window. (2 marks)
22. Some of the evidence for critical windows has come from animal models. This is a
very controversial idea. How might the use of animals in experiments be justied?
(3 marks)
23. Describe an experiment that could be carried out to investigate habituation using
snails. (5 marks)
24. Suggest how dopamine agonists affect the levels of dopamine in the brain. (3
marks)
25. State two symptoms of Parkinsons disease? (2 marks)
26. Compare the similarities and differences between MRI, fMRI and CT scans in
investigating brain structure and function. (5 marks)
27. List three ways in which drugs may affect the synapses. (3 marks)
28. What is a drug target? (2 marks)
29. What ethical issues are associated with the Human Genome Project? (3 marks)