PengantarBasis Data

Definisi Basis Data

KS141304 PBD Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS) 1
Lets Play
Datalah NickName, NRP, warna favorit dan
jumlah anggota keluarga dan usia dari
mahasiswa satu kelas PBD.
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Lets Play
NickName NRP WarnaFave Jml Anggota Usia
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Recognizing Database
Terminology
Record/Tuple/Row?
Field/Attribute?
Data VsDatum?
Mini-world?
Table?
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Scope: still in one table
Recognizing Database
Terminology
Database?
Database Management System (DBMS)?
Database System =DBMS +Data
KS141304 PBD Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS) 5
Scope: relational table
Recognizing Database
Terminology
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Simplified DB Systems
Environment
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Simplified DB Systems
Environment
Queries?
Program?
Meta-data?
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Recognizing Database
Terminology
Query: a request for information from a
database.
Ex: A HoD ask for students data who have not paid
course fee.
Program:
Procedure: without any return
Function: with return
Trigger: in specific condition
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Recognizing Database
Terminology
Meta-data: Metadata is defined as data that
describes other data.
Structural metadata describes the design structure
and their specifications. This type of metadata
describes the containers of data within a database.
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Recognizing Database
Terminology
Descriptive metadata provides information that
helps to manage other information, such as when
and how a resource was created, file types and other
technical information.
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Example of a Database
Mini-world for the example:
SECTIONs are of specific COURSEs (bisa berupa
kelas Stat A, B, C atau nomor)
STUDENTs take SECTIONs
COURSEs have prerequisite COURSEs (MK
prasyarat)
INSTRUCTORs teach SECTIONs (dosen pengampu
ada di setiap section)
COURSEs are offered by DEPARTMENTs
STUDENTs major in DEPARTMENTs
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Example of a Database
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Database Users
Users may be divided into:
Those who actually use and control the
database content, and those who design,
develop and maintain database applications
(called Actors on the Scene), and
Those who design and develop the DBMS
software and related tools, and the computer
systems operators (called Workers Behind the
Scene).
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Database Users:
Actors on the scene
Database Administrators: Responsible for authorizing
access to the database, for coordinating and
monitoring its use, acquiring software and hardware
resources, controlling its use and monitoring efficiency
of operations.
Database Designers: Responsible to define the
content, the structure, the constraints, and functions or
transactions against the database. They must
communicate with the end-users and understand their
needs.
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Database Users:
Actors on the scene
End-users: They use the data for queries, reports and
some of them update the database content. End-
users can be categorized into:
Casual: access database occasionally when needed
Nave or Parametric: they make up a large section of
the end-user population.
They use previously well-defined functions in the form of
canned transactions against the database.
Examples are bank-tellers or reservation clerks who do this
activity for an entire shift of operations.
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Database Users:
Actors on the scene
Sophisticated:
These include business analysts, scientists, engineers, others
thoroughly familiar with the system capabilities.
Many use tools in the form of software packages that work
closely with the stored database.
Stand-alone:
Mostly maintain personal databases using ready-to-use
packaged applications.
An example is a tax program user that creates its own internal
database.
Another example is a user that maintains an address book
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Advantages of Using
the Database Approach
Controlling redundancy in data storage and in
development and maintenance efforts.
Sharing of data among multiple users.
Restricting unauthorized access to data.
Providing persistent storage for program
objects
Providing Storage Structures (e.g. indexes) for
efficient Query Processing
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Advantages of Using
the Database Approach
Providing backup and recovery services.
Providing multiple interfaces to different
classes of users.
Representing complex relationships among
data.
Enforcing integrity constraints on the
database.
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When not to use a DBMS
Main inhibitors (costs) of using a DBMS:
High initial investment and possible need for additional
hardware.
Overheadfor providing generality, security, concurrency
control, recovery, and integrity functions.
When a DBMS may be unnecessary:
If the database and applications are simple, well defined
and not expected to change.
If there are stringent real-time requirements that may not
be met because of DBMS overhead.
If access to data by multiple users is not required
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Review Time!
Record/Tuple/Row?
Field/Attribute?
Data VsDatum?
Mini-world?
Table?
Queries?
Program?
Meta-data?
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Sebutkanbeberapauser database
Jelaskandefinisi dari term berikut