1.

WELDING
A. WHAT ARE TYPES OF WELDING AND DEFINE THEM
- Fusion welding : is blending of compatible of molten metal into 1
common part accomplished by producing sufficient heat for the
metals to melt flow together and mix the heat is then removed to
allow the fused joint to solidify.
- Non-fusion: is joining of metals by adhesive of one metal to another
uses a molten softer metal like brass, bronze or silver to glue other
pieces of molten together.

B. HOW TO EVALUATE THE GOOD WELDING
- The bead should be smooth and uniform in thickness
- The weld should be built up to provide extra thickness at the seam.
- The bead should be taper off smoothly into the base metal
- No oxide should be formed on the base metal further than inch
from the weld.
- There should be no blowholes, porosity or protruding globules.

C. EXPLAIN THE PROCEDURES OF BASIC SHIELD METAL ARC WELDING
(SMAW) INCLUDING THE EQUIPMENT SET UP AND ITS SAFETY
PRECAUTIONS INVOLVED.
EQUIPMENT:
Work piece, , Work Clamp, Electrode, Insulated Electrode Holder,

PROCEDURE:
Using the AC 43.13-1A, and the arc welding equipment, set up the welding
equipment.
Make sure work piece is clean before welding.
Place work clamp as close to the weld as possible.
Before striking an arc, insert an electrode in the electrode holder. A small diameter
electrode requires less current than a large one. Follow recommendations of the
electrode manufacturer when setting weld amperage.
Prevent butt joint distortion by tack welding the materials in position before final
weld.
Bring electrode straight down to work piece; then lift slightly to start arc.
Hold a short arc, travel at a uniform speed, and feed the electrode downward at a
constant rate as it melts.
Use a chipping hammer and wire brush to remove slag. Remove slag and check
weld bead before making another weld pass.

SAFETY PRECAUTION
1. Do not touches hot parts bare handed.
2. Allow cooling period before working on gun or torch.
3. To handle hot parts, use proper tools and/or wear heavy, insulated welding gloves
and clothing to prevent burns.
4. Wear the head shield to protect the face and eye

2. NDT
A. WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF NDT?
-Determination of material properties
-Defect characteristic, localization and sizing of defect
-determining quality of manufacture of component
-checking for deterioration

B. WHAT ARE THE METHODS OF NDT?
-visual inspection
-boroscope
-liquid penetrant inspection (LPI)
-magnetic particle inspection (MPI)
-electronic inception
-Eddy current
-Ultrasonic inspection
-radiography
-composite inspection

C. EXPLAIN THE LPI PROCEDURES

PROCEDURE:
1)Pre clean the surface of the component by using towel wet with solvent cleaner.
2)Visually check the surface for any discontinuities or contaminant.
3)Spray the surface of the part with solvent fluorescent penetrant. Then leaves it for 10
minutes (dwell time).
4)Remove the excess penetrant with an absorbent towel and then wipe the parts surface
with clean towel dampened with solvent.
5)Spray lightly the surface of the part with solvent developer. Then leaves it for 10 minutes
(development time).
6)Finally inspect the part thoroughly and carefully under UV light. Make sure the distance
between UV light source and the part is not more than 400mm.
7)If you are not sure of the indication (true or false indication), take a small piece of towel
dampened with solvent and rub the indication. If the indication reappears then it can be
considered as real indication defect.
If you are in doubt in any stages, just repeat the whole process.

3. PAINTING
A. WHY DO WE NEED TO CLEAN UP THE AIRCRAFT
- Remove corrosive agent.
- Remove dirt and grime from cracks.
- To detect hiding corrosion

B. WHAT ARE THE PURPOSES OF PAINTING?
- Act as surface protection and decorative.
- Prevent corrosion, excessive drag.

C. WHAT ARE THE STEPS OF CORROSION TREATMENT?
- Remove every trace of corrosion
- Neutralize any residual material
- Restore the protective surface film

D. HOW TO USE SPRAY GUN & HOW TO CLEAN & WHAT ARE THE SAFETY
PRECAUTIONS?
PREPARATION AND PAINTING PROCESS
1. 4 part of thinner, 1 part of hardener and 4 part of paint have been mix together.
2. After the paint is thoroughly mixed, measure its viscosity by using viscosity cup.
3. Drop the viscosity cup into the mixture and lift up.
4. The stopwatch is used to clock the time between the first finisher drops from the
viscosity cup till it finish drop.
5. The time that been clocked is used as a reference when doing another set of
mixture.
6. Filter the finisher before filling it in the spray gun.
7. Then the spray gun is connected to the regulator with long hose. The regulator has
been setting to achieve the desired pressure at the gun ( 60 to 70 psi).
8. Hold spray gun, about 6 to 8 inch from surface before start the painting.
9. Start painting the surface and keep going until the process end.
10. After finish the painting process, clean the spray gun.

SAFETY PRECAUTION
Wear respirator, glove and goggle when doing this task.
Drink milk, after finish the project.
Handle the solvent and other solution properly.
Immediately wash, if the solvent or other material is splash on skin or the eyes.
Ensure the floor of the dope room or paint free from spray dust and sanding
residue. It is important to prevent the ignite by static discharges or by person
walking over them.