November 19, 2010 NSAW Ottawa

Mr. Ron Davidson and Prof. Jacques Yves Guign ,

in association with Dr. DArcy Hart,
Dr. James Stacey and Mr. Bill Hunt, Mr. Andr Pant
2
Argon Gas Module --UHP argon
to processing chamber
Ignition Power Module supplies
high current, low voltage to
ignition coil to start SHS
Acoustic Positioning Electronics
Module supplies correct inputs to
acoustic projectors
Payload Computer & Electronics
Module automated software and
electronics control for entire
payload
Processing Module triple level
containment for combustion
synthesis inside sealed processing
chamber
System ready for full operation on ISS
Requirement for containerless processing of large samples
Containerless prototype flown KC-135 1995
Manifested in 1998 NASA Space Product Development
Program
NASA Center for Commercial Applications of Combustion in
Space , CCACS, Colorado School of Mines
Bioserve- University of Colorado, Boulder
NASA Innovative Partnership Program, IPP
Facility finished with ULF-2 and supplied by
Located on the US Allocation of the JEM Module
3
Designed to maximize the potential utilization and experimentation
of long duration microgravity offered by the ISS environment for
space sciences and in space manufacturing
The research utilization plan focuses on advancing innovative
advanced material designs in addition to handling physics
applications
Although target technologies were originally advanced materials
based on metal-ceramics and glass-ceramics to produce stronger,
lighter, higher temperature materials; the facility was specifically
designed to be modular; designed for rapid adaptation and
handling of a variety of physical science experiments
4
Manufacture in space using ISS as a base to explore techniques
Conduct peer-reviewed science; physics and materials
Provide for a hands-on educational vehicle for classroom
demonstrations on micro-gravity sciences
Contract for our services on lessons learned from our path to
launching Space-DRUMS
Support NASAs space exploration mandate including verifying in-
space repair concepts along with fabrication of essential replacement
components such as ceramic filters
.Learn from space to bring products to market faster
5
Space-DRUMS provides a very flexible suite of opportunities
Potential classes could be developed to engage students into
understanding processing of materials in g or low g
Lessons on materials that could be developed from ISS could
engage students with exercises using candidates for cutting tools,
insulators, IR glasses, structural members for new spacecraft.
Ideas related to containment and decontamination processing of
foreign space materials could be actually demonstrated in simple
forms
Engaging students on how to create materials or components (like
filters) in g which could be manufactured in a future spacecraft
enroute to Mars could be an exciting starting point
6
7
Available to students is a broad base of scientific container and
containerless processing opportunities in g
Scientific processing in g with high purity handling of materials
within three containment levels and containerless could lead to
graduate level research and thesis outputs
Studying the long-term growth effects of chemical and biological
mixtures in long duration g is also possible
Fluid physics studies in capillary flow, foam stability, diffusion
coefficients as relates to enhanced oil recovery is a hands on way
to connect students back to earth in a manner that is very pertinent
With careful planning ripple turbulence studies could be organized
to illustrate the cascading of energy (waves creating waves creating
waves ) and link this back to our knowledge to predicting hurricane
paths and intensities
8
Suitable student experiments could be inserted into chamber, for
example an inflated ball to examine ripple turbulence caused by
acoustic beams, or an insert designed for biological studies
Processing Module has access to Processing Chamber (round door) with
additional hermetic door on chamber
9
Ignition Power Module ORU can be removed and replaced with a
student engineered experiment control electronics box, requiring
only power connection to Rack or power through PCEM
A simple fluid physics experiment is to perform capillary flow
through a reservoir substrate with liquid level sensors to measure
flow progress
.Both modules have available space to install fluid physics experiments which
can be controlled by the payload computer through one simple electrical
connection
Argon Gas Module Ignition Power Module
10
Porous ceramic materials based on
metal-ceramic chemistries produced by
Self Propagation High Temperature
Synthesis (SHS)
Glass ceramic materials based on metal-
ceramic chemistries produced by SHS
Infrared glasses produced by SHS
Role of gravity in production of advanced
materials
Near net shaping
High value semi-conductor candidate
material production
Stronger, lighter, higher temperature
resistant materials for terrestrial use
11
0.5
Porosity~80% Porosity~60%
12
As-Reacted Sample,
40-50% theoretical
density typically
Dense, Pressed at ~70MPa
13
High
Quality
Interfaces
Stronger Shell
14
Molten Matrix
Settling of Phases
Substantial sedimentation of ceramic phase in molten
matrix, Yi, Moore, Guign, (1997).
1-g, settling
1-g Low-g 1-g Low-g
15
Fluids (liquid and gas) are involved in the SHS Process
Convective Flow of Fluids Induced by Gravity Affect Heat Transfer and
SHS
Yi, Moore and Guign
(1997).
Wave Propagation
Complete
Reaction
Incomplete
Reaction
Students could access COSYM
Ground And Parabolic SHS Facility
COSYM
Chamber
16
COSYM Parabolic Flight
Payload
Conducted 15 Flight Campaigns
in Collaboration with GIL,
CSM, CCACS and UC-Davis
Developed a Series of Materials
17
Promote Homogeneous Nucleation in -g
Calcium Phosphate (Castillo and Moore, 2003).
ZBLAN Glass (Varma, 1992, Tucker, 1997)
CaO-Al
2
O
3
-SiO
2
-BaO Glass (Yi, Moore, Guign, 2000)
Affect Crystallization
Zr
2
O
3
-Al
2
O
3
-Fe, more tetragonal Zirconia at low-g (Odawara et al., 1993)
ZnS, Lattice Parameter Closer to Ideal Value (Goroshin et al., 1994)
SEM images of Ca
3
(PO
4
)
2
produced at reduced gravity (left)
and normal gravity (right)
(Castillo and Moore, 2003)
Low-g, more amorphous, less crystals
18
Green
Pellet
1-g 1.5-g low-g
More closed pores in low-g
A) Low-g, more closed pores
(B) 1-g, more open pores
Porosity and pore size
(Shteinberg etc, 1991,
Moore, 1994)
Morphology of pores
(Zhang & Moore,
2003)
19
Photographs of a spherical green pellet and the same pellet
after combustion synthesis. The green pellet had a density of
35%. The composition is 50Al
2
O
3
-30CaO-10SiO
2
-10BaO
(wt.%).
More devitrification
caused by the
container
Gravity induced settling Green Pellet
Lessons On The Effects Of Gravity And
Container On The SHS Process
20
Adiabatic
Non-
Adiabatic
Containerless
Contained
Modeling Results
Reaction rate is higher for
adiabatic (no Heat loss)
conditions
Reaction rate is reduced by
a container
0
5
10
15
20
0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95 1.00 1.05
Initial Temperature
R
e
a
c
t
i
o
n

T
i
m
e
21
Sealed camber filled with argon
ACOUSTIC BEAM
CONTAINERLESS PROCESSING
Fingers Of Sound Vs Standing Waves.
20 acoustic projectors generate
individual acoustic beams as needed ,
to apply a direct force onto samples
during their processing ,pushing them
back to the chamber center, only when
required
TRADITIONAL STANDING WAVE
LEVITATOR
Samples held in nodes with no
restoring forces available to restore
positions
Acoustic
Beam
Projector
22
CSMs Dr. Masami Nagawa - particle
studies in levitator
23
REQUIREMENTS TO WITHSTAND
SPACE CRAFT RE-ENTRY
CONDITIONS
T~3000K (1650 C): High Tm,
Oxid. Resistant
Aerodynamic force: Mech. Strong
Prevent Plasma Generation: low
open pores
Firing a piece of foam at a shuttle wing section at
the estimated impact speed that the foam debris
hit Columbia on launch left a telling result. -
NASA image
24
SiC
High Tm, Oxidation-
resistant
Sintered at re-entry
Mech. Strong? Density?
For small cracks, holes?
Clad in a U.S. spacesuit, STS-114 mission specialist astronaut Soichi Noguchi - of JAXA -
participates in a dry run "cure in place ablator applicator" test aboard NASA's KC-135 aircraft
as part of return to flight readiness program. From: NASA/J SC.
25
26
Lead Scientist Prof. Jacques Y. Guign
Program Operations and Re-Supply Coordinator Mr. Ron Davidson
Project Manager Dr. DArcy Hart
Ground Control Operators Mr. Andr Pant and Dr. James Stacey
Software Engineering Managers Dr. James Stacey and Mr. Bill Hunt
..Ground Control TReK Station, Payload Engineering Support And Mission Utilization
Paradise, Newfoundland , CANADA
Fully Automated Versatile Facility, Very Little
Astronaut Involvement And Ground Support
Needed
Inside imagery of actuator was taken on April
23
rd
,2010 at ~ 1830 GMT time; during on ISS
Operations of the Material Handling System
Checkout.