Application Examples American

Example Problems
11. Response spectrum analysis of a frame
Dynamic analysis (Response Spectrum) is performed for a steel structure. Results of a static and dynamic analysis
are combined. The combined results are then used for steel design.
Figure 1-12: Example Problem No. 11

Actual input is shown in bold lettering followed by explanation.
STAAD PLANE RESPONSE SPECTRUM ANALYSIS
Every input has to start with the term STAAD. The term PLANE signifies that the structure is a plane frame structure
and the geometry is defined through X and Y axes.
UNIT FEET KIPS
Defines the input units for the data that follows.
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 0 0 ; 2 20 0 0
3 0 10 0 ; 4 20 10 0
5 0 20 0 ; 6 20 20 0
Joint number followed by X, Y and Z coordinates are provided above. Since this is a plane structure, the Z
coordinates are all the same, in this case, zeros. Semicolon signs (;) are used as line separators to allow for input of
multiple sets of data on one line.

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MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 3 ; 2 2 4 ; 3 3 5 ; 4 4 6
5 3 4 ; 6 5 6
Defines the members by the joints to which they are connected.
MEMBER PROPERTIES AMERICAN
1 TO 4 TA ST W10X33
5 TA ST W12X40
6 TA ST W8X40
Properties for all members are assigned from the American (AISC) steel table. The word ST stands for standard
single section.
SUPPORTS
1 2 FIXED
Fixed supports are specified at joints 1 and 2.
UNIT INCH
CONSTANTS
E 29000. ALL
POISSON STEEL ALL
DEN 0.000283 ALL
Material constants such as E (modulus of elasticity), Poissons ratio and DENsity are specified above. Length unit is
changed from FT to INCH to facilitate the input.
CUT OFF MODE SHAPE 2
The number of mode shapes to be considered in dynamic analysis is set to 2. Without the above command, this will
be set to the default which can be found in section 5 of the Technical Reference Manual.
* LOAD 1 WILL BE STATIC LOAD
UNIT FEET
LOAD 1 DEAD AND LIVE LOADS
Load case 1 is initiated along with an accompanying title. Prior to this, the length unit is changed to FEET for
specifying distributed member loads. A line starting with an asterisk (*) mark indicates a comment line.
SELFWEIGHT Y -1.0
The above command indicates that the selfweight of the structure acting in the global Y direction is part of this load
case. The factor of 1.0 is meant to indicate that the load acts opposite to the positive direction of global Y, hence
downwards.
MEMBER LOADS
5 CON GY -5.0 6.0
5 CON GY -7.5 10.0
5 CON GY -5.0 14.0
5 6 UNI Y -1.5
Load 1 contains member loads also and they are applied on members 5 and 6. GY indicates that the load is in the
global Y direction while Y indicates local Y direction. The word UNI stands for uniformly distributed load while CON
stands for concentrated load. GY is followed by the value of the load and the distance at which it is applied.
* NEXT LOAD WILL BE RESPONSE SPECTRUM LOAD
* WITH MASSES PROVIDED IN TERMS OF LOAD.
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LOAD 2 SEISMIC LOADING
The two lines which begin with the asterisk are comment lines which tell us the purpose of the next load case. Load
case 2 is then initiated along with an optional title. This will be a dynamic load case. Permanent masses will be
provided in the form of loads. These masses (in terms of loads) will be considered for the eigensolution. Internally,
the program converts these loads to masses, hence it is best to specify them as absolute values (without a negative
sign). Also, the direction (X, Y, Z etc.) of the loads will correspond to the dynamic degrees of freedom in which the
masses are capable of vibrating. In a PLANE frame, only X and Y directions need to be considered. In a SPACE frame,
masses (loads) should be provided in all three (X, Y and Z) directions if they are active along all three. The user has
the freedom to restrict one or more directions.
SELFWEIGHT X 1.0
SELFWEIGHT Y 1.0
The above commands indicate that the selfweight of the structure acting in the global X and Y directions with a
factor of 1.0 is taken into consideration for the mass matrix.
MEMBER LOADS
5 CON GX 5.0 6.0
5 CON GY 5.0 6.0
5 CON GX 7.5 10.0
5 CON GY 7.5 10.0
5 CON GX 5.0 14.0
5 CON GY 5.0 14.0
The mass matrix will also consist of terms derived from the above member loads. GX and GY indicate that the load,
and hence the resulting mass, is capable of vibration along the global X and Y directions. The word CON stands for
concentrated load. Concentrated forces of 5, 7.5, and 5 kips are located at 6ft, 10ft and 14ft from the start of
member 5.
SPECTRUM CQC X 1.0 ACC DAMP 0.05 SCALE 32.2
0.03 1.00 ; 0.05 1.35
0.1 1.95 ; 0.2 2.80
0.5 2.80 ; 1.0 1.60
The above SPECTRUM command specifies that the modal responses be combined using the CQC method
(alternatives being the SRSS method, ABS method, etc.). The spectrum effect is in the global X direction with a
factor of 1.0. Since this spectrum is in terms of ACCeleration (the other possibility being displacement), the
spectrum data is given as period vs. acceleration. Damping ratio of 0.05 (5%) and a scale factor of 32.2 are used.
The scale factor is the quantity by which spectral accelerations (and spectral displacements) must be multiplied by
before they are used in the calculations. The values of periods and the corresponding accelerations are given in the
last 3 lines.
LOAD COMBINATION 3
1 0.75 2 0.75
LOAD COMBINATION 4
1 0.75 2 -0.75
In a response spectrum analysis, the sign of the forces cannot be determined, and hence are absolute numbers.
Consequently, to account for the fact that the force could be positive or negative, it is necessary to create 2 load
combination cases. That is what is being done above. Load combination case no. 3 consists of the sum of the static
load case (1) with the positive direction of the dynamic load case (2). Load combination case no. 4 consists of the
sum of the static load case (1) with the negative direction of the dynamic load case (2). In both cases, the result is
factored by 0.75.
PERFORM ANALYSIS PRINT MODE SHAPES
This command instructs the program to proceed with the analysis. The PRINT command instructs the program to
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print mode shape values.
PRINT ANALYSIS RESULTS
Displacements, reactions and member forces are recorded in the output file using the above command.
LOAD LIST 1 3 4
PARAMETER
CODE AISC
SELECT ALL
A steel design in the form of a member selection is performed based on the rules of the American Code. Only the
member forces resulting from load cases 1, 3 and 4 will be considered for these calculations.
FINISH
This command terminates the STAAD run.

****************************************************
* *
* STAAD.Pro *
* Version Bld *
* Proprietary Program of *
* Research Engineers, Intl. *
* Date= *
* Time= *
* *
* USER ID: *
****************************************************
1. STAAD PLANE RESPONSE SPECTRUM ANALYSIS
2. UNIT FEET KIPS
3. JOINT COORDINATES
4. 1 0 0 0 ; 2 20 0 0
5. 3 0 10 0 ; 4 20 10 0
6. 5 0 20 0 ; 6 20 20 0
7. MEMBER INCIDENCES
8. 1 1 3 ; 2 2 4 ; 3 3 5 ; 4 4 6
9. 5 3 4 ; 6 5 6
10. MEMBER PROPERTIES AMERICAN
11. 1 TO 4 TA ST W10X33
12. 5 TA ST W12X40
13. 6 TA ST W8X40
14. SUPPORTS
15. 1 2 FIXED
16. UNIT INCH
17. CONSTANTS
18. E 29000. ALL
19. POISSON STEEL ALL
20. DEN 0.000283 ALL
21. CUT OFF MODE SHAPE 2
22. *LOAD 1 WILL BE STATIC LOAD
23. UNIT FEET
24. LOAD 1 DEAD AND LIVE LOADS
25. SELFWEIGHT Y -1.0
26. MEMBER LOADS
27. 5 CON GY -5.0 6.0
28. 5 CON GY -7.5 10.0
29. 5 CON GY -5.0 14.0
30. 5 6 UNI Y -1.5
31. * NEXT LOAD WILL BE RESPONSE SPECTRUM LOAD
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32. * WITH MASSES PROVIDED IN TERMS OF LOAD.
33. LOAD 2 SEISMIC LOADING
34. SELFWEIGHT X 1.0
35. SELFWEIGHT Y 1.0
36. MEMBER LOADS
37. 5 CON GX 5.0 6.0
38. 5 CON GY 5.0 6.0
39. 5 CON GX 7.5 10.0
40. 5 CON GY 7.5 10.0
41. 5 CON GX 5.0 14.0
42. 5 CON GY 5.0 14.0
43. SPECTRUM CQC X 1.0 ACC DAMP 0.05 SCALE 32.2
44. 0.03 1.00 ; 0.05 1.35
45. 0.1 1.95 ; 0.2 2.80
46. 0.5 2.80 ; 1.0 1.60
47. LOAD COMBINATION 3
48. 1 0.75 2 0.75
49. LOAD COMBINATION 4
50. 1 0.75 2 -0.75
51. PERFORM ANALYSIS PRINT MODE SHAPES
P R O B L E M S T A T I S T I C S
-----------------------------------
NUMBER OF JOINTS/MEMBER+ELEMENTS/SUPPORTS = 6/ 6/ 2
ORIGINAL/FINAL BAND-WIDTH= 2/ 2/ 9 DOF
TOTAL PRIMARY LOAD CASES = 2, TOTAL DEGREES OF FREEDOM= 12
SIZE OF STIFFNESS MATRIX = 1DOUBLE KILO-WORDS
REQRD/AVAIL. DISK SPACE = 12.0/ 4238.3 MB

NUMBER OF MODES REQUESTED = 2
NUMBEROF EXISTING MASSES IN THE MODEL = 8
NUMBER OF MODES THAT WILL BE USED = 2
CALCULATEDFREQUENCIES FOR LOAD CASE 2
MODE FREQUENCY(CYCLES/SEC) PERIOD(SEC) ACCURACY
1 4.488 0.22280 7.404E-10
2 16.288 0.06140 3.463E-07
The following Frequencies are estimates that were calculated. These arefor
information only and will not be used. Remaining values are either above
the cut off mode/freq values or are of low accuracy. To use these
frequencies, rerun with a higher cutoff mode (or mode + freq) value.
CALCULATED FREQUENCIES FOR LOAD CASE 2
MODE FREQUENCY(CYCLES/SEC) PERIOD(SEC) ACCURACY
3 47.724 0.02095 1.434E-12
MODE SHAPES
-----------
JOINT MODE X-TRANS Y-TRANS Z-TRANS X-ROTAN Y-ROTAN Z-ROTAN
1 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
2 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
3 1 0.67341 0.00308 0.00000 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 -3.348E-03
4 1 0.67341 -0.00308 0.00000 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 -3.348E-03
5 1 1.00000 0.00361 0.00000 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 -1.457E-03
6 1 1.00000 -0.00361 0.00000 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 -1.457E-03
MODE SHAPES
-----------
JOINT MODE X-TRANS Y-TRANS Z-TRANS X-ROTAN Y-ROTAN Z-ROTAN
1 2 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
2 2 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00
3 2 -0.08809 0.00516 0.00000 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 -2.606E-03
4 2 -0.08809 -0.00516 0.00000 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 -2.606E-03
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5 2 1.00000 0.00780 0.00000 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 -7.135E-03
6 2 1.00000 -0.00780 0.00000 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 -7.135E-03
RESPONSE LOAD CASE 2
CQC MODALCOMBINATION METHOD USED.

DYNAMIC WEIGHT X Y Z 2.008538E+01 2.008538E+01 0.000000E+00 KIPS
MISSING WEIGHT X Y Z -9.465498E-05 -2.008538E+01 0.000000E+00KIPS
MODAL WEIGHT X Y Z 2.008528E+01 2.642837E-28 0.000000E+00KIPS
MODE ACCELERATION-G DAMPING
---- -------------- -------
1 2.80226 0.05000
2 1.48795 0.05000
MODAL BASE ACTIONS FORCES INKIPS LENGTH IN FEET
-----------------------------------------------------------
MOMENTS ARE ABOUT THE ORIGIN
MODE PERIOD FX FY FZ MX MY MZ
1 0.223 55.63 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -603.80
2 0.061 0.35 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.37
MASS PARTICIPATION FACTORS IN PERCENT BASE SHEAR IN KIPS
-------------------------------------- ------------------
MODE X Y Z SUMM-X SUMM-Y SUMM-Z X Y Z
1 98.83 0.00 0.00 98.834 0.000 0.000 55.63 0.00 0.00
2 1.17 0.00 0.00 99.999 0.000 0.000 0.35 0.00 0.00
---------------------------
TOTAL SRSS SHEAR 55.63 0.00 0.00
TOTAL 10PCT SHEAR 55.63 0.00 0.00
TOTAL ABS SHEAR 55.98 0.00 0.00
TOTAL CQC SHEAR 55.63 0.00 0.00
52. PRINT ANALYSIS RESULTS
JOINT DISPLACEMENT (INCH RADIANS) STRUCTURE TYPE = PLANE
------------------
JOINT LOAD X-TRANS Y-TRANS Z-TRANS X-ROTAN Y-ROTAN Z-ROTAN
1 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000
2 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000
3 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000
4 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000
2 1 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000
2 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000
3 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000
4 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000
3 1 -0.00150 -0.01706 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 -0.00248
2 1.30898 0.00599 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00651
3 0.98061 -0.00831 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00302
4 -0.98286 -0.01729 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 -0.00674
4 1 0.00150 -0.01706 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00248
2 1.30898 0.00599 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00651
3 0.98286 -0.00831 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00674
4 -0.98061 -0.01729 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 -0.00302
5 1 0.00313 -0.02370 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 -0.00246
2 1.94394 0.00701 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00284
3 1.46030 -0.01251 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00029
4 -1.45561 -0.02303 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 -0.00397
6 1 -0.00313 -0.02370 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00246
2 1.94394 0.00701 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00284
3 1.45561 -0.01251 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00397
4 -1.46030 -0.02303 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 -0.00029

SUPPORT REACTIONS -UNIT KIPS FEET STRUCTURE TYPE = PLANE
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-----------------
JOINT LOAD FORCE-X FORCE-Y FORCE-Z MOM-X MOM-Y MOM Z
1 1 4.56 40.21 0.00 0.00 0.00 -14.29
2 27.81 14.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 161.35
3 24.28 40.70 0.00 0.00 0.00 110.30
4 -17.44 19.61 0.00 0.00 0.00 -131.73
2 1 -4.56 40.21 0.00 0.00 0.00 14.29
2 27.81 14.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 161.35
3 17.44 40.70 0.00 0.00 0.00 131.73
4 -24.28 19.61 0.00 0.00 0.00 -110.30


MEMBER END FORCES STRUCTURE TYPE = PLANE
-----------------
ALL UNITS ARE -- KIPS FEET (LOCAL )
MEMBER LOAD JT AXIAL SHEAR-Y SHEAR-Z TORSION MOM-Y MOM-Z
1 1 1 40.21 -4.56 0.00 0.00 0.00 -14.29
3 -39.88 4.56 0.00 0.00 0.00 -31.30
2 1 14.06 27.81 0.00 0.00 0.00 161.35
3 14.06 27.81 0.00 0.00 0.00 116.79
3 1 40.70 17.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 110.30
3 -19.37 24.28 0.00 0.00 0.00 64.12
4 1 19.61 -24.28 0.00 0.00 0.00 -131.73
3 -40.45 -17.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 -111.07
2 1 2 40.21 4.56 0.00 0.00 0.00 14.29
4 -39.88 -4.56 0.00 0.00 0.00 31.30
2 2 14.06 27.81 0.00 0.00 0.00 161.35
4 14.06 27.81 0.00 0.00 0.00 116.79
3 2 40.70 24.28 0.00 0.00 0.00 131.73
4 -19.37 17.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 111.07
4 2 19.61 -17.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 -110.30
4 -40.45 -24.28 0.00 0.00 0.00 -64.12
3 1 3 15.73 -8.84 0.00 0.00 0.00 -44.28
5 -15.40 8.84 0.00 0.00 0.00 -44.10
2 3 2.40 2.28 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.54
5 2.40 2.28 0.00 0.00 0.00 23.88
3 3 13.59 -4.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 -31.31
5 -9.75 8.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 -15.16
4 3 10.00 -8.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 -35.11
5 -13.35 4.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 -50.99
4 1 4 15.73 8.84 0.00 0.00 0.00 44.28
6 -15.40 -8.84 0.00 0.00 0.00 44.10
2 4 2.40 2.28 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.54
6 2.40 2.28 0.00 0.00 0.00 23.88
3 4 13.59 8.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 35.11
6 -9.75 -4.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 50.99
4 4 10.00 4.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 31.31
6 -13.35 -8.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 15.16
5 1 3 -4.28 24.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 75.58
4 4.28 24.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 -75.58
2 3 0.00 11.55 0.00 0.00 0.00 115.46
4 0.00 11.55 0.00 0.00 0.00 115.46
3 3 -3.21 26.77 0.00 0.00 0.00 143.28
4 3.21 26.77 0.00 0.00 0.00 29.91
4 3 -3.21 9.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 -29.91
4 3.21 9.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 -143.28
6 1 5 8.84 15.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 44.10
6 -8.84 15.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 -44.10
2 5 0.00 2.39 0.00 0.00 0.00 23.88
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6 0.00 2.39 0.00 0.00 0.00 23.88
3 5 6.63 13.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 50.99
6 -6.63 13.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 -15.16
4 5 6.63 9.76 0.00 0.00 0.00 15.16
6 -6.63 9.76 0.00 0.00 0.00 -50.99
************** END OF LATEST ANALYSIS RESULT **************
53. LOAD LIST 1 3 4
54. PARAMETER
55. CODE AISC
56. SELECT ALL

STAAD/Pro MEMBER SELECTION - (AISC 9TH EDITION)
**************************
ALLUNITS ARE - KIPS FEET (UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED)
MEMBER TABLE RESULT/ CRITICALCOND/ RATIO/ LOADING/
FX MY MZ LOCATION
=======================================================================
1 ST W21X48 (AISC SECTIONS)
PASS AISC- H1-3 0.899 4
19.61 C 0.00 -131.73 0.00
2 ST W21X48 (AISC SECTIONS)
PASS AISC- H1-2 0.943 3
40.70 C 0.00 131.73 0.00
3 ST W12X30 (AISC SECTIONS)
PASS AISC- H1-3 0.833 4
13.35 C 0.00 50.99 10.00
4 ST W12X26 (AISC SECTIONS)
PASS AISC- H1-3 0.992 3
9.75 C 0.00 -50.99 10.00
5 ST W14X61 (AISC SECTIONS)
PASS AISC- H2-1 0.872 3
3.21 T 0.00 143.28 0.00
6 ST W8X35 (AISC SECTIONS)
PASS AISC- H1-3 0.966 3
6.63 C 0.00 50.99 0.00

57. FINISH
****************************************************************************
**WARNING** SOME MEMBER SIZES HAVE CHANGED SINCE LAST ANALYSIS.
IN THE POST PROCESSOR, MEMBER QUERIES WILL USE THE LAST
ANALYSIS FORCES WITH THE UPDATED MEMBER SIZES.
TO CORRECT THIS INCONSISTENCY, PLEASE DO ONE MORE ANALYSIS.
FROM THE UPPER MENU, PRESS RESULTS, UPDATE PROPERTIES, THEN
FILE SAVE; THEN ANALYZE AGAIN WITHOUT THE GROUP OR SELECT
COMMANDS.
****************************************************************************
*********** END OF THE STAAD.Pro RUN ***********
**** DATE= TIME= ****
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