Name: Class: Date: _

Quiz Review: Section 4.8

Numeric Response
ID: A
I. A helicopter makes a forced landing at sea. The last
radio signal received at station C gives the bearing
of the helicopter from Cas N 57.1 E at an
altitude of 423 feet. An observer at C sights the
helicopter and gives LDCB as 12.10. How far
will a rescue boat at A have to travel to reach any
survivors at B (see the figure)? Apply the rules
regarding the use of significant digits when
determining your answer.
2. Solve the following problem. Be sure to make a
diagram of the situation with all the given
information labeled.
A ship is anchored off a long straight shoreline that
runs north and south. From two observation points
16 miles apart on shore, the bearings of the ship are
N 28 E and S 50 E. What is the shortest
distance from the ship to the shore? Apply the rules
regarding the use of significant digits when
determining your answer.
mt
3. Use a calculator to find tan 144.5 0.
Please round the answer to the nearest
ten-thousandth.
4. Use a calculator to find sin (- 220) .
Distance rescue boat travels = ft
Please round the answer to the nearest
ten-thousandth.
5. Use a calculator to find csc 66020'.
Please round the answer to the nearest
ten-thousandth.
Name:
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6. Use a calculator to find () to the nearest tenth of a
degree, if 0 0 < () < 360 and
sin () = - 0.3060 with () in QIII
(}= o
7. Use a calculator to find () to the nearest tenth of a
degree, if 0 0 < () < 360 and
sec () = - 3.4150 with () in QlI
(}= o
Short Answer
Use a calculator to evaluate the cotangent, secant,
and cosecant of the real number. Round to four
decimal places.
9. 1= 1.1
Use a calculator to evaluate the sine, cosine, and
tangent of the real number. Round to four decimal
places.
1r
10. 1=5"
Use a calculator to approximate the expression.
11. arcsin 0.25
2
ID: A
8. Use a calculator to find () to the nearest tenth of a
degree, if 0 0 < () < 360 and
cot () = - 0.7395 with () in QlI
(}= o
Use a calculator to approximate the expression.
12. arccos (-0.62)
Quiz Review: Section 4.8
Answer Section
NUMERIC RESPONSE
I. l,'&LN
2. 5.9
3. -0.7133
4. 0.6428
5. -1.1586
6. 197.8
7. 107.0
8. 126.5
SHORT ANSWER
9. cot 1= 0.5090; sec 1 = 2.2046; csc 1 = 1.1221
10. sin 1 = 0.5878; cos 1 = 0.8090; tan 1= 0.7265
11. 0.25
12. 2.24
PROBLEM SET 2.4
C~
Figure 13
Figure 14
Solve each of the following problems. In each case, be sure to make a diagram of the
situation with all the given information labeled.
1. The two equal sides of an isosceles triangle are each 42 cm. If the base measures
30 cm, find the height and the measure of the two equal angles.
2. An equilateral triangle (one with all sides the same length) has an altitude of 4.3
inches. Find the length of the sides.
3. The height of a right circular corte is 25.3 cm. If the diameter of the base is
10.4 cm, what angle does the side of the cone make with the base? (See
Figure 13.)
4. The diagonal of a rectangle is 348 mm, while the longer side is 278 mID. Find
the shorter side of the rectangle and the angles the diagonal makes with the sides.
5. How long should an escalator be if it is to make an angle of 33 with the floor
and carry people a vertical distance of 21 ft between floors?
6. A road up a hill makes an angle of 5.1 with the horizontal. If the road from the
bottom of the hill to the top of the hill is 2.5 mi long, how high is the hill?
7. A n.5-ft rope from the top of a circus tent pole is anchored to the ground 43.2 ft
from the bottom of the pole. What angle does the rope make with the pole?
(Assume the pole is perpendicular to the ground.)
8. A ladder is leaning against the top of a 7.0-ft wall. If the bottom of the ladder is
4.5 ft from the wall, what is the angle between the ladder and the wall?
9. If a 73.0-ft flagpole casts a shadow 51.0 ft long, what is the angle of elevation of
the sun (to the nearest tenth of a degree)?
10. If the angle of elevation of the sun is 63.4 when a building casts a shadow of
37.5 ft, what is the height of the building?
11. A person standing 150 cm from a mirror notices that the angle of depression
from his eyes to the bottom of the mirror is 12, while the angle of elevation to
the top of the mirror is 11. Find the vertical dimension of the mirror. (See
Figure 14.)
12. A person standing on top of a 15-ft high sand pile wishes to estimate the width of
the pile. He visually locates two rocks on the ground below at the base of the
sand pile. The rocks are on opposite sides of the sand pile, and he and the two
rocks are in line with one another. If the angles of depression from the top of the
sand pile to each of the rocks are 2r and 19, how far apart are the rocks?
(
1600
:::===========:::::1 Contour interval = 40 ft
1in = 1600 ft
Figure 15
Figure 16
Figure 15 shows the topographic map we used in Example 4 of this section. Recall
that Stacey is at position S and Amy is at position A. In Figure 15, Travis, a third
hiker, is at position T.
13. If the distance between A and T on the map in Figure 15 is 0.5 inch, find each of
the following:
a. the horizontal distance between Amy and Travis
b. the difference in elevation between Amy and Travis
c. the angle of elevation from Travis to Amy
14. If the distance between Sand Ton the map in Figure 15 is iinch, find each of the
following:
a. the horizontal distance between Stacey and Travis
b. the difference in elevation between Stacey and Travis
c. the angle of elevation from Travis to Stacey
15. A boat leaves the harbor entrance and travels 25 mi in the direction N 42 E.
The captain then turns the boat 900 and travels another 18 mi in the direction
S 480 E. At that time, how far is the boat from the harbor entrance, and what is
the bearittg of the boat from the harbor entrance? (See Figure 16.)
Figure 17
Figure 18
16. A man wandering in the desert walks 2.3 mi in the direction S 31 W. He then
turns 90 and walks 3.5 mi in the cl,irection N 59 W. At that time, how far is he !
from his starting point, and what is his bearing from his starting point?
17. Lompoc, California, is 18 mi due south of Nipomo. Buellton, California, is due
east of Lompoc and S 65 E from Nipomo. How far is Lompoc from Buellton?
18. A tree on one side of a river is due west of a rock on the other side of the river.
From a stake 21 yd north of the rock, the bearing of the tree is S 18.2 W. How
far is it from the rock to the tree?
19. A boat travels on a course of bearing N 37 10' W for 79.5 mi. How many miles
north and how many miles west has the boat traveled?
20. A boat travels on a course of bearing S 63 50' E for 100 mi. How many miles
south and how many miles east has the boat traveled?
21. From a point on the floor the angle of elevation to the top of a door is 47, while
the angle of elevation to the ceiling above the door is 59. If the ceiling is 10 ft
above the floor, what is the vertical dimension of the door? (See Figure 17.)
22. A man standing on the roof of a building 60.0 ft high looks down to the building
next door. He finds the angle of depression to the roof of that building from the
roof of his building to be 34.5, while the angle of depression from the roof of
his building to the bottom of the building next door is 63.2. How tall is the
building next door?
23. In Figure 18, a person standing at point A notices that the angle of elevation to
the top of the antenna is 47 30'. A second person standing 33.0 ft farther from
the antenna than the person at A finds the angle of elevation to the top of the
antenna to be 42 10'. How far is the person atA from the base of the antenna?
24. Two people decide to find the height of a tree. They position themselves 25 ft
apart in line with, and on the same side of, the tree. If they find that the angles of
elevation from the ground where they are standing to the top of the tree are 65
and 44, how tall is the tree?
(~
Figure 19
25. An ecologist wishes to find the height of a redwood tree that is on the other side C
of a creek, as shown in Figure 19. From point A he finds that the angle of .
elevation to the top of the tree is 10.7. He then walks 24.8 ft at a right angle
from point A and finds that the angle from the path to the tree at point B is 86.6.
What is the height of the tree?
26. A helicopter makes a forced landing at sea. The last radio signal received at
station C gives the bearing of the helicopter from Cas N 57.5 E at an altitude of '
426 ft. An observer at C sights the helicopter and gives LDCB as 12.3. How far
will a rescue boat atA have to travel to reach any survivors atB? (See Figure 20.)
27. Two people decide to estimate the height of a flagpole. One person positions :
himself due north of the pole and the other person stands due east of the pole. If
the two people are the same distance from the pole and 25 ft from each other, I
find the height of the pole if the angle of elevation from the ground at "each
person's position to the top of the pole is 56". (See Figure 21.)
N
B
Figure 20

Figure 21
Figure 22
28. To estimate the height of a tree, one person positions himself due south of the
tree, while another person stands due east of the tree. If the two people are the
same distance from the tree and 35 ft from each other, what is the height of
the tree if the angle of elevation from the ground at each person's position to the
top of the tree is 48?
29. A satellite is circling 112 mi above the earth, as shown in Figure 22. When the
satellite is directly above point B, angle A is found to be 76.6. Use this informa-
tion to find the radius of the earth.
30. Suppose Figure 22 is an exaggerated diagram of a plane flying above the earth.
If the plane is 4.55 mi above the earth and the radius of the earth is 4,000 mi,
how far is it from the plane to the horizon? What is the measure of angle A?
31. A ship is anchored off a long straight shoreline that runs north and south. From
two observation points 15 mi apart on shore, the bearings of the ship are N 31 E
and S 53 E. What is the shortest distance from the ship to the shore?
32. Pat and Tim position themselves 2.5 mi apart to watch a missile launch from
Vandenberg Air Force Base. When the missile is launched, Pat estimates its
bearing from him to be S 75 W, while Tim estimates the bearing of the missile
from his position to be N 65 W. If Tim is due south of Pat, how far is Tim from
the missile when it is launched?
Figure 23 shows the Spiral of Roots we mentioned in the previous chapter. Notice
that we have labeled Ute angles at the center of the spiral with 81, 82, 83, and so on.
33. Find the values of 81, 82, and 83, accurate to the nearest hundredth of a degree.
c
Figure 23
Problem Set 2.4
1. 39 em, 69 3. 78.4 5. 39 ft
13. a. 800ft b. 200ft c. 14.0
21. 6.4ft 23. 161ft 25. 78.9ft
33. 8\ = 45.00, ~ = 35.26, 83 = 30.00
7.. 36.6 9. 55.1 11. 61 em
15. 31 mi, N78 E 17. 39 mi 19. 63.4mi N, 48.0mi W
27. 26 ft 29. 4,000mi 31. 6.2 mi
"