2.2 Minisum & Minimax - w2

Monday, September 23, 2013 Industrial Engineering 1
The Single-Facility Rectilinear Distance

Location Problem
Minisum model
Objective: to locate the new facility to minimize a
weighted sum of the rectilinear distances from the new weighted sum of the rectilinear distances from the new
facility to existing facilities
Minimax model
Objective: to determine the location of the new facility
to minimize the maximum distance to the existing
facilities rather than the total distance
1) Minisum model
Objective: to locate the new facility to
minimize a weighted sum of the rectilinear
distances from the new facility to existing
facilities facilities
Example: to determine the location of
photocopy machine in the office
1) Minisum model
Background of the problems
To identify the optimum location for
new facility X, (x*,y*) that have activity new facility X, (x*,y*) that have activity
relationship with current facility Pi, (
ai,bi).
The optimum location must satisfy the
median and cost function f(X).
Minisum model
Median
Median w Median w
i
(First time achieved)
2
Minisum model
Cost function f(X): Cost function f(X):
( ) ( )
+ =
n
i i i
b y a x w y x f ,
Where;
f(x,y) = The total of movement cost within
the new facility and current facility.
wi = weight
x = Coordinate x for new facility
y = Coordinate y for new facility
ai = Coordinate x for current facility
bi = Coordinate y for current facility
( ) ( )
=
+ =
i
i i i
b y a x w y x f
1
,
Minisum model
A new machine will be fixed at shop
Example 11
A new machine will be fixed at shop
machine workshop. The five (5) location of
the current machines are given as P1 (1,1),
P2 (5,2), P3 (2,8), P4 (4,4) and P5 (8,6).
The daily number of trips estimation (w
i
)
within new machine and current machine
are shown in table below:
Minisum models
Current m/c, P
i
Coordinate, a
i
(x)
Coordinate, b
i
(y)
Number of
trips,w
i
1 1 1 5
Example 1 Example 1
1 1 1 5
2 5 2 6
3 2 8 2
4 4 4 4
5 8 6 8
Total 25
Minisum model
Assume that, the costs per unit
movement are the same within both
Example 1 Example 1
movement are the same within both
machines. Determine the optimum
location for this new machine.
Current m/c, P
i
Coordinate, a
i
Number of
trips,w
i
Coordinate, ai (x)
Arrange from
lowest value to
highest value
trips,w
i
1 1 5
3 2 2
4 4 4
2 5 6
5 8 8
Minisum models
Solution 1 Solution 1
Median wi
2
2
= 25 = 12.5
2
Pi ai wi wj
1 1 5 5
Coordinate-X (ai)
1 1 5 5
3 2 2 7
4 4 4 11<12.5
2 5 6 17>12.5
5 8 8 25
x* = a
2
= 5
Pi bi wi wj
Coordinate-Y (bi).
1 1 5 5
2 2 6 11 < 12.5
4 4 4 15 > 12.5
5 6 8 23
3 8 2 25
y* = b
4
= 4
Minisum model
Therefore the optimum location
Therefore the optimum location
for new machine, X(x*, y*) = (5,4)
The cost for this optimum location;
X(x*, y*) = (5,4)
f(5,4) = 5(I5-1I+I4-1I) + 6(I5-5I+I4-2I) +
2(I5-2I+I4-8I) + 4(I5-4I+I4-4I) +
8(I5-8I+I4-6I)
= 35+12+14+4+40
= 105
Minisum models
If the cost is RM1.50/distance,
therefore the total cost for this optimum
location is RM 157.50 (105 x 1.50).
location is RM 157.50 (105 x 1.50).
This optimum location also can be
determined by plotting the graph f(a) vs
a
i
and f(b) vs b
i
. The optimum point is
located at the lowest curve.
2) Minimax model
Objective: to determine the location of the
new facility to minimize the maximum
distance to the existing facilities
Example: to determine the location of
hospital, transmitter, hospital
2) Minimax models
Background of the problems
To identify the optimum location to be
minimized for new facility X (x*,y*) that minimized for new facility X (x*,y*) that
have activity relationship with current
facility Pi ( ai,bi).
The optimum location must satisfy the
median and cost function f(X).
Minimax models
Cost function f(X): Cost function f(X):
f(x,y) =
( )
i i
b y a x +

max
Where;
f(X) = The Total of movement cost within the
new facility and current facility.
x = Coordinate x for new facility
y = Coordinate y for new facility
ai = Coordinate x for current facility
bi = Coordinate y for current facility
f(x,y) =
( )
i i
n i
b y a x +
1
max
Minimax models Minimax models
The minimax solution should satisfy this
condition:
( )
( )
1
min b a c
i i
+ =
Monday, September 23, 2013 Monday, September 23, 2013 Industrial Engineering Industrial Engineering 20 20
( )
( )
( )
( )
3 4 , 1 2 5
4
3
2
max
max
min
max
c c c c c
b a c
b a c
b a c
i i
i i
i i
=
+ =
+ =
+ =
Minimax models
The optimum solution will be occurring at a
line that connecting this two point.
First point :(x , y) = 0.5 (c -c , c +c +c )
First point :(x
i
, y
i
) = 0.5 (c
1
-c
3
, c
1
+c
3
+c
5
)
Second point :(x
2
, y
2
) = 0.5 (c
2
-c
4
, c
2
+c
4
- c
5
)
Minimax models
The maximum distance between the new
facility and the current facility is given as:
facility and the current facility is given as:
= C5
2
Minimax models
There are 8 machines need to be maintained
Example 2 Example 2
There are 8 machines need to be maintained
and their location are given as P1 (0,0), P2
(4,6), P3 (8,2), P4 (10,4) and P5 (4,8), P6 (2,4),
P7 (6,4) and P8 (8,8). The company intends to
establish centralize maintenance department
for doing this purpose. Identify the optimum
location of this maintenance department so that
it can minimize the number of machine
downtime.
Pi ai bi ai+bi -ai+bi
1 0 0 0 0
2 4 6 10 2
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
3 4 , 1 2 5
4
3
2
1
max
max
min
max
min
c c c c c
b a c
b a c
b a c
b a c
i i
i i
i i
i i
=
+ =
+ =
+ =
+ =
Solution Solution
2 4 6 10 2
3 8 2 10 -6
4 10 4 14 -6
5 4 8 12 4
6 2 4 6 2
7 6 4 10 -2
8 8 8 16 0
c
1
= 0 c
2
= 16 c
3
= -6 c
4
= 4 c
5
= 16
First point:
(x*
1
,y*
1
) = 0.5 (c1-c3, c1+c3+c5)
= 0.5 (6,10)
= (3,5)
Solution Solution
Second point:
(x*
2
,y*
2
) = 0.5 (c2-c4, c2+c4-c5)
= 0.5 (12,4)
= (6,2)
Minimax models
- The maximum distance between
maintenance departments
and current machine is:
and current machine is:
= C5 = 16/2 = 8
2
FFDF
FIRST POINT (3,5)
P1 = | 3 - 0 | + | 5 - 0 | = 8
P2 = | 3 - 4 | + | 5 - 6 | = 2
P3 = | 3 - 8 | + | 5 - 2 | = 8
P4 = | 3 - 10 | + | 5 - 4 | = 8
f(x,y) =
( )
i i
n i
b y a x +
1
max
P4 = | 3 - 10 | + | 5 - 4 | = 8
P5 = | 3 - 4 | + | 5 - 8 | = 4
P6 = | 3 - 2 | + | 5 - 4 | = 2
P7 = | 3 - 6 | + | 5 - 4 | = 4
P8 = | 3 - 8 | + | 5 - 8 | = 8
First point (3,5) is 8 distance unit (rectangular) away from P1, P3, P4 & P8
2ND POINT (6,2)
P1 = | 6 - 0 | + | 2 - 0 | = 8
P2 = | 6 - 4 | + | 2 - 6 | = 6
P3 = | 6 - 8 | + | 2 - 2 | = 2
P4 = | 6 - 10 | + | 2 - 4 | = 6
f(x,y) =
( )
i i
n i
b y a x +
1
max
P4 = | 6 - 10 | + | 2 - 4 | = 6
P5 = | 6 - 4 | + | 2 - 8 | = 8
P6 = | 6 - 2 | + | 2 - 4 | = 6
P7 = | 6 - 6 | + | 2 - 4 | = 2
P8 = | 6 - 8 | + | 2 - 8 | = 8
Second point (6,2) is 8 distance unit (rectangular) away from P1, P5 & P8
Minimax models
The optimum location as shown in graph below:
Graph coordinate current machine location
8
10
C
o
o
r
d
i
n
a
t
e

-

y
Graph Coor
Maintenance department
will be located along the line
0
2
4
6
8
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Coordinate -x
C
o
o
r
d
i
n
a
t
e

-

y
Graph coordinate current
machine location
will be located along the line
which connecting the 1
st
and 2
nd
point.
P1 & P8 is having max.
distance between the line
compare to other machines.
END OF CLASS

2.2 Minisum & Minimax - w2

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Monday, September 23, 2013 Industrial Engineering 1

The Single-Facility Rectilinear Distance

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