Atoll Getting Started UMTS 312 V1 EN PDF

Atoll
Getting Started-
UMTS
Version 3.1.2

Jun 2012

Forsk China
May 2012
Atoll Getting Started UMTS Version 3.1.2

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Table of Contents
1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 4
2 Installation ................................................................................................................... 5
2.1 32-bit version installation ............................................................................... 5
2.2 64-bit version installation ............................................................................... 8
3 Sequence of operations ............................................................................................. 9
3.1 New project .................................................................................................. 12
3.2 Import of 3D maps ....................................................................................... 14
3.2.1 Import of heights map ........................................................................... 15
3.2.2 Import of clutter map ............................................................................. 16
3.2.3 Import of vector map ............................................................................. 19
3.3 Setting a coordinate system ........................................................................ 25
3.4 Network data setting .................................................................................... 30
3.4.1 Import of the Sites table ........................................................................ 31
3.4.2 Antenna parameters setting ................................................................. 37
3.4.3 Transmitters parameters setting ........................................................... 42
3.4.3.1 Transmitters table .......................................................................... 42
3.4.3.2 Global Parameters ........................................................................ 47
3.4.4 Cells parameters setting ....................................................................... 50
3.4.5 Import and export .................................................................................. 54
3.4.5.1 Import Access database ................................................................ 54
3.4.5.2 Export to Access database............................................................ 55
3.4.6 Add new sites ....................................................................................... 57
3.4.6.1 Add new sites one by one ............................................................. 57
3.4.6.2 Add a group of sites ...................................................................... 58
3.4.6.3 Template management .................................................................. 60
3.5 Propagation model ....................................................................................... 62
3.5.1 SPM propagation model ....................................................................... 62
3.5.1.1 Import of CW measurement .......................................................... 62
3.5.1.2 Automatic calibration of the SPM model ....................................... 72
3.5.1.3 Model validation with CW measurements ..................................... 75
3.5.1.4 Set the propagation model for each transmitter ........................... 79
3.5.2 Cost-Hata model ................................................................................... 80
3.5.2.1 Import of CW measurements ........................................................ 80
3.5.2.2 Automatic calibration of the Cost-Hata model .............................. 80
3.5.2.3 Non-calibration Cost-Hata model Setting ..................................... 83
3.5.2.4 Set the propagation model for each transmitter ........................... 85
3.6 Propagation matrix calculation ..................................................................... 86
3.6.1 Preliminary work ................................................................................... 86
3.6.1.1 Resolution of predictions and receiver altitude ............................. 86
3.6.1.2 Setting the Computation Zone ...................................................... 87

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3.6.2 Propagation and prediction studies calculation .................................... 94
3.6.2.1 Best server prediction ................................................................... 95
3.6.2.2 Coverage by Signal Level prediction ............................................ 98
3.6.2.3 Overlapping Zones prediction ..................................................... 101
3.6.2.4 Force calculation ......................................................................... 103
3.6.2.5 Prediction template management ............................................... 103
3.7 Simulation .................................................................................................. 105
3.7.1 Traffic model ....................................................................................... 105
3.7.1.1 Services ....................................................................................... 105
3.7.1.2 Mobility Types .............................................................................. 107
3.7.1.3 Terminals ..................................................................................... 108
3.7.1.4 User Profiles ................................................................................ 109
3.7.1.5 Environments .............................................................................. 110
3.7.2 Creating Traffic Maps .......................................................................... 112
3.7.2.1 User profile Traffic map ............................................................... 113
3.7.2.2 User profile traffic map - User profile densities ........................... 117
3.7.2.3 Sector traffic map -Throughputs in uplink and downlink ............. 118
3.7.2.4 Sector traffic map - Total number of users (All activity statuses) 123
3.7.2.5 Sector traffic map - number of users per activity status ............. 123
3.7.2.6 User density traffic map (no. of users/km2) ................................ 123
3.7.3 Simulation ........................................................................................... 130
3.8 Point analysis tool ...................................................................................... 134
3.8.1 Profile .................................................................................................. 135
3.8.2 Reception ............................................................................................ 136
3.8.3 AS Analysis ......................................................................................... 136
3.8.4 SC Collisions ...................................................................................... 138
3.8.5 Details ................................................................................................. 138
3.9 Other prediction studies ............................................................................. 139
3.9.1 Prediction parameters setting ............................................................. 139
3.9.2 Standard prediction studies ................................................................ 141
3.9.3 HSDPA ................................................................................................ 143
3.9.4 HSUPA ................................................................................................ 153
3.9.5 Dual-Cell HSDPA Modeling ................................................................ 160
3.10 Neighbours Allocation ................................................................................ 164
3.10.1 Automatic allocation............................................................................ 164
3.11 Scrambling Codes Allocation ..................................................................... 168
3.12 Other features ............................................................................................ 174
3.12.1 User configuration function ................................................................. 174
3.12.2 Store methods for path loss matrices ................................................. 177
3.12.3 Wi-Fi traffic offloading ......................................................................... 178
4 Tips and tricks ........................................................................................................ 178

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1 Introduction
This document explains the entire process from the import of network data in Atoll to the
production of prediction studies. The purpose of this document is to give an overall
understanding for radio engineers, who never use Atoll.
This document does not explain the algorithm and dont give detailed explanation. The
user may find in the Technical Reference Guide and User Manual the concrete
algorithm and the detailed explanation of parameters.
The user may find all projects and map data in the CDROM, which was provided with this
document.
This document describes how to get started using the Atoll version 3.1.2.

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2 Installation
2.1 32-bit version installation
The installation of Atoll is simple and needs an administrator profile.

1) The naming structure of the Atoll installation file is generally:
Atoll.language.version_number.build_number.exe, as shown bellow:

2) Before starting the installation of Atoll, the dongle has to be plugged out.

3) Install Atoll by double clicking on the installation file.

4) In the appeared dialog box, click on the Next button and choose the installation
directory (the default path is C:\Program File\Forsk\Atoll). The minimum requirement
for the installation of Atoll is a disk space of 111.9 MB.

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5) In the 3rd window the user may choose Full installation, Compact installation or
Custom installation and select the modules. The recommendation for a first
installation of Atoll is Full installation, including Atoll, Add-ins (Export to Google
Earth and Best Signal Export), Driver for Fixed License Keys, Distributed Calculation
Server and Atoll Management Console.
Later update of Atoll, models can be chosen to install. Please note, if Atoll has been
uninstalled once, Driver for Fixed License Keys model should be installed again.

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6) In the 4th window, fill in the Domain, Username and Password fields. If the user
doesnt choose previously Distributed Calculation Server, then he doesnt need to
fill in any information.

7) Click on the Next button to start the installation of Atoll. After the installation, the
computer needs to be restarted.

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Atoll users need to pay attention for the following 3 points:
(1) For parallel port dongle, it is recommended to insert or remove it only when the
computer is turned off.
(2) Please note when using Atoll, if it is not necessary, please do not change the data
and time on computer.
(3) For the stand-alone license, Windows XP, Windows 7 or Windows Vista is
recommended. It is not supported in Windows 2000 and Windows sever system.
For Windows sever system, it must be used in network lincese.
(4) We already update the standalone license driver from Atoll 3.1.0, new license
driver is Sentinel SuperPro 7.6.1 version.
If you use standalone license and when you install Atoll 3.1.0 version, you need
to do:
Remove the dongle from computer.
Select the option of Dongle Driver for Fixed License on installation step.
Restarted the computer after the instatllation.
Insert the dongle to computer.
After above steps, if you still can not accese license, you need to install Sentinel
SuperPro driver software manually. The latest driver software is 7.6.5 version
which can be downloaded from the following address :
http://c3.safenet-inc.com/Display_Results.asp?DocId=19141

2.2 64-bit version installation
1. The operation steps are the same as 32-bit version intallation.
2. The requirements of using Atoll in 64-bit version
The operation system should be 64-bit, such as Win7, Windows 2008 Sever,
Windows 2008 Sever R2.
64-bit Office SP1 is requriedsuch as Office 2010 SP1. Then you can open
Atoll successfully.
If You have Office 32-bit installed -> You need to install Office 64-bit SP1
instead (requires the uninstallation of Office 32-bit).
If You don't have Office at all -> please contact us(Email:
atollsupport@forsk.com.cn


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3 Sequence of operations
This following document presents how to establish an Atoll UMTS project and to carry out
coverage predictions, simulations and production of reports:
(1) Start a new project
(2) Import of 3D maps
(3) Setting the coordinate system
(4) Import of network data
(5) Propagation model selection and calibration
(6) Best Server and Signal Level coverage predictions
(7) Traffic Modeling
(8) Monte-Carlo simulation
(9) Calculation of other prediction studies
(10) Production of reports

The operation flow chart is represented in the following figure (dashed line frames may be
chosen or not).

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Drawing of the computation zone
N
Y
Essential data collection
Propagation model selection
Start
Import of 3D maps
Choice of coordinate system
Import of antenna patterns
Setting of BTS Equipments
and Channel Elements
Setting of the prediction properties
Cells table
Transmitter table
Site table
Transmitter
equipments (TMA,
feeder, BTS)
CW drive test
Model calibration
SPM model
selected?
Adjustment of
special parameters
Best server
coverage
prediction

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Y
Y
N
Traffic model
adjustment
Traffic map
setting
N
Traffic modeling
User profiles
WCDMA
parameters setting
Environment
s
Terminals
Mobility
types
Services Monte-Carlo simulation
Does the traffic
model satisfy?
Calculation
Neighbour allocation
Calculation of other predictions
Commit of the simulation results
Do the calculation
results satisfy?
Export the calculation results
Scrambling code allocation

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3.1 New project
After opening Atoll, click on or select File->Open.

The project templates dialog box will appear. Choose UMTS HSPA template.

Atoll opens a blank UMTS project. The new project already includes the default antenna
database.


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The Atoll main window contains an Explorer Window and a Map Window, as seen in the
figure above.
Explorer Window Map Window

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3.2 Import of 3D maps
In the main tool bar, select File->Import.

In the appeared Open dialog box browse the geographical map folder.


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Generally the following data maps need to be imported in Atoll: heights (map of the
altitude above sea level), clutter classes (type of land used) and vector (vector maps). The
order of import is not important, but, for this document, the following order will be used:
heights->clutter->vectors.

3.2.1 Import of heights map
1) In the Open dialog box, select the Geo_Data\Brussels\Heights folder in the
CDROM. Select the index document and click on Open

2) In the appeared Data Type dialog box, click on the Altitudes button and click OK.

3) After the map import, the following figure appears. The heights map is automatically

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put on the left side in the explorer window under the Geo tab named Digital Terrain
Model

3.2.2 Import of clutter map
1) Select again File->Import in the main toolbar. In the Open dialog box, select the
Geo_Data\Brussels\Clutterr folder. Select the index document and click on Open

2) In the appeared Data Type dialog box, click on the Clutter Classes button and
click on OK

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3) After the map is imported, the following figure appears. The clutter classes map is
automatically put on the left side in the explorer window under the Geo tab named
Clutter Classes

4) Double clicking on the Clutter Classes folder, open the Clutter Classes properties
dialog box for the setting of clutter parameters. Select the Description tab and click
on the bottom right Refresh button. Atoll will filter the clutter classes, which are not
included into the clutter map. The following figure shows the filtered tab of clutter
classes.
The following parameters can be defined in the dialog box: Model Standard Deviation,
EC/Io Standard Deviation, DL and UL Eb/Nt Standard Deviation, Indoor Loss,
Orthogonality Factor, Indoor Loss, % Pilot Finger, Spatial Multiplexing Gain Factor

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and Additional Transmit Diversity Gain.

Note: An additional indoor loss can now be defined per frequency band.

5) These values have to be set according to the customer network, if Use only default
values is chosen, Atoll will use default values for each clutter standard deviation.

6) In the Display tab, adjust the display color of each clutter type. Pay attention to the
Display type and the Field. The following figure is the suggested setting of
Display tab. Click on the color frame to change the color for each clutter type.

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Select Add to legend to display information in the legend window. Use the
Transparency function to adjust the transparency of the map. The display of each clutter
may be disabling by un-checking the check-box.

7) After setting the Clutter Classes properties, the clutter map will be displayed as
below:

3.2.3 Import of vector map

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1) Select again File->Import in the main toolbar. In the Open dialog box, select the
Geo_Data\Brussels\Vector folder. Select the index document and click on Open.

2) In the appeared Data Type dialog box, click on the Vectors button and click OK

3) In the appeared Vector import dialog box, use the default settings and click on the
Import button to import the map.

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4) After the map import, the following figure appears. The vector map is automatically
put on the left side in the explorer window under the Geo tab named Vectors.

5) Dragging the Vectors folder with the mouse to the top of the explorer window, the
Vector map will be placed as the uppermost layer, as seen in the following figure.

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6) Double clicking on Airport in the Vectors folder, open the airport properties dialog
box, and select the Display tab, as seen in the following figure.

7) Clicking on the vector line to open the Display dialog box to set the color and style
of the vector line.

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8) As shown in the following figure, the color of the vector line is changed.

9) You may modify other vector files with the same operations as for the airport vector
file.
The following figure shows all the imported digital maps.

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3.3 Setting a coordinate system
Select Document->Properties, as shown in the following figure.

In the appeared Properties dialog box, the Projection and Display can be defined in
the Coordinate systems frame.


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1) First set the projection system (it can be known by reading the file projection.txt in
the heights folder). For the demo project the projection system is WGS 84 UTM
zone 31N.
Click on the right side of the Projection field on , open Coordinate systems
dialog box and choose WGS84 UTM zones in the Find in box.

2) Then choose WGS 84/UTM zone 31N and click OK.

3) After the setting of parameters, the following dialog box is displayed.

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4) Setting the Display System.
The Display system function allows the user to choose the relative coordinates (X and Y,
unit in meter) or the longitude and latitude for the Map Window.
After having set the Projection system, Atoll automatically sets the Display system with
the same system as the Projection system, as shown in the figure above. The windows
map uses relative coordinate. The display has to be set for displaying the longitude and
latitude.
Click on the right side of the Display field on the button and open the Coordinate
Systems dialog box. Select WGS84 UTM zones and choose the WGS 84 system (with
an ellipsoidal symbol).


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5) After the setting of parameters, the following dialog box is displayed.

6) After having set the Coordinate system, the Map Window displays the longitude and
latitude, default value is xxxxxx.xxS (degreed, minute and second, S means
southern hemisphere), as shown in the following figure.

7) The user can choose the Degree Format among the xxxx'xx.xx, xxdxxmxx.xxsS
format (d is degree, m is minute and s is second, S means southern

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hemisphere), the xx.xxxxx format (decimal base) or the -xx.xxxxx format (decimal
base and southern hemisphere expressed with the minus sign), as shown in the
following figure.

Note: If the user wants to use another projection system and wants to display the
longitude and latitude coordinates, then the display system has to be chosen
according to the projection system name. Moreover there is an ellipsoid symbol in
front of the display system.

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3.4 Network data setting
The setting of a WCDMA project in Atoll can be done for two different cases:
(1) The network is already deployed or the network data, including site location,
antenna patterns and so on, already exist.
(2) The network is not deployed and the user starts the network planning with site
placement in the planning tool.

The following part introduces the first case.

All data have to be prepared in Excel, before importing them. Atoll needs an Excel
document with network data including sites, antennas, transmitters and cells.
All necessary data for the setup of the Brussels project are in the
UMTS_Brussels_Network.xls document in the Reference_Data\Network_Data folder.

The UMTS_Brussels_Network.xls document has 5 worksheets. The network data are
contained in the first 4 worksheets and the others will be introduced later.

The import of the network data must be done by a certain order. In Atoll, the order follows
the explorer window order. The following figure shows the order for the introduction of the
network data:
Sites->Antennas->Transmitters->Cells.


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3.4.1 Import of the Sites table
1) Open the UMTS_Brussels_Network.xls document and select the UMTS network -
Sites sheet. We have provided two sets of coordinate data.
On the left side there are the relative coordinates and on the right side there are
coordinates with longitude and latitude.
If the WGS 84 display system has been previously chosen (display mode with longitude
and latitude), the coordinate located on the right side of the sheet must be selected.
Note: If the display system is set with longitude and latitude, then the longitude and
latitude data should be transform in decimal base value.

2) Only Copy the columns Name, Longitude and Latitude (except the title line and

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the columns in pink).

3) In the Network window, double click on the Sites folder (or right click on the Sites
folder and select Open Table) will open the Sites table, as shown in the following
figure.

4) Before copy/paste the Excel table in Atoll, the unnecessary columns have to be
hidden. If the user try to paste the data and that dont match with the Sites tab, an
error message will be displayed. The following figure shows that the Columns to be
Displayed tab can be accessed under Display Columns.

Choose the columns as below:

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5) In the Sites table, select the first cell and paste the data. Except for the columns
Name, X and Y, the others are automatically filled in with default value. Atoll will
transform automatically the longitude and latitude form decimal format to minutes
and seconds system.
The imported sites will be put in the Sites folder of the Network window with an
alphabetic order, show all the column which hided before, as shown in the following
figure.

If we copy all data in excel table included the columns in pink, we just hide Altitude
column in Atoll, and then paste the data into Atoll.
Note: If we dont hide the columns in pink, and only copy/paste Name, Longitude and
latitude these three columns, Atoll will give the error message.

6) If the user wants to delete one or several sites, he can delete them in the Sites table

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or directly in the Network window.
In the Sites table, click on the left grey cell of the line, which contains the site you
want to delete, select the entire line, and push the keyboard delete button.
In the Network window, right click on the site you want to delete and select delete
in the menu, as shown in the following figure.

7) After the input of Sites data, the Map Window is automatically updated with the new
sites. In the following figure, a black circle represents a site.

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8) Open the Sites properties dialog box (right click on the Sites folder and select
properties) to change the display attributes, as shown in the following figure.

Choosing Unique allows only a unique color for the display of sites. Choosing Discrete
values or Value intervals allows colors selection according to certain characteristics. By

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default, a site is represented by a black circle.

If necessary, the symbol and color of sites can be changed, by selecting Properties in
the Actions dialog box. The appeared Display window allows the selection of color and
symbol.

9) Site Equipment Setting. Open the Site Equipment Table on Network Settings ->
Radio Resource Management on Parameters Window to define site equipment.


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3.4.2 Antenna parameters setting
Atoll needs the following antennas data: antenna name, antenna gain, antenna horizontal
and vertical patterns. Beamwidth, Fmin and Fmax are reference parameters and they are
not used for calculation. Atoll calculates and displays the electrical down tilt from the
vertical pattern. The calculated electrical down tilt is only given for information.
1) Select the UMTS network - Antennas sheet in the UMTS_Brussels_Network.xls
document. As seen in the following figure, the horizontal and vertical patterns are
provided.

2) A few physical antenna groups can be found on Radio Network Equipment
Antennas folder on Parameters window. One physical antenna group with the same
beamwidth, gain and Frequency but different Electrical Downtilt.

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Right click on the Antennas folder in the Explorer Window and select New in the
context menu, as shown in the following figure.

3) In the Antennas New element properties dialog box, the following tabs are available:
General, Horizontal patternVertical pattern and Other properties.

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4) In the General tab, the antenna gain and the electrical tilt can be defined.
Note: The electrical tilt value is only reference information for the user and this
parameter has no impact on the calculation. Antenna gain unit may be dBi or dBd.
The unit can be selected in the DocumentPropertiesUnits dialog box.

5) Copy the two columns corresponding to the horizontal pattern of the
UMTS_Brussels_Network.xls document, and paste it in the Co-Polar section of
the Horizontal pattern tab in Atoll.

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6) Do the same operation for the vertical pattern.

Note: Atoll allows you to enter antenna pattern attenuations for as many as 720
angles. Therefore, attenuation values can also be defined for angles other than
integer values from 0 to 359. For example: 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 359, 359.5.

7) Other parameters can be set in the Other properties tab, but it is only reference
information and it has no impact on the calculation.

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3.4.3 Transmitters parameters setting
3.4.3.1 Transmitters table
Transmitters sheet.

2) Double click on the Transmitters folder in Network window (or right click on
Transmitters and select Open Table) to open the Transmitters tab, as shown in
the following figure.

3) After opening the Transmitters table in Atoll, you will discover that the number of
fields is larger than in the Excel file. It is because some of the parameters in Atoll

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dont need the input from the user but Atoll will automatically fill in default values. The
fields listed in the Excel document are those necessary parameters for the
transmitters.
Before copy/paste the Excel table in Atoll, the unnecessary columns have to be hidden. If
the user try to paste the data and that dont match with the Transmitters tab, an error
message will be displayed. The following figure shows that the Columns to be Displayed
tab can be accessed under Display Columns.

In the Columns to be Displayed tab, the unnecessary fields has to be unchecked for
hiding the corresponding column, as shown in the following chart. Finally the
Transmitters tab and the Excel tab have exactly the same columns.

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4) Copy the transmitters data of the UMTS network - Transmitters sheet of the Excel
document (except the title line and the columns in pink) and paste it in the
Transmitters table in Atoll, as shown in the following figure.

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If we copy all data in excel table included the columns in pink, we dont need to hide
Number of Transmission Antenna Ports and Number of Reception Antenna Ports in
Atoll, and then paste the data to the transmitters table in Atoll.
Note: If we dont hide the columns in pink, and copy/paste the data as before, Atoll will
give the error message.

5) After the import of data in the Transmitters table, the Map Window will be
automatically updated, without refresh or saving the document.

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6) The toolbars button may zoom in or zoom out the Map Window (left click will
zoom in and right click will zoom out). The toolbars button allows the user to
choose one region to be zoomed in.

7 Pushing the toolbars button assigns automatically different colors for each
transmitter in order to differentiate them, as shown in the following figure.

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3.4.3.2 Global Parameters
1) Right click on the Network Settings folder on Parameters window, open the
Network Settings Properties dialogue.
Select the Global Parameters tab, as shown in the following figure.


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The Global Parameters tab has the following options:
DL Powers: define whether the power values on the downlink are Absolute or
Relative to Pilot. The power values affected are the synchronisation channel, other
common channel, HS-SCCH, and HSUPA powers defined in the cell properties, as
well as the minimum and maximum traffic channel powers per R99 radio bearer. Atoll
automatically converts the power values defined in the cell properties (i.e.,
synchronisation channel, other common channel, HS-SCCH, and HSUPA powers)
when you change the option. On the other hand, the values for the minimum and
maximum traffic channel powers have to be modified manually.
DL Load: define whether the total power values on the downlink are Absolute or a
percentage of the maximum power (% Pmax). Atoll automatically converts the total
power values when you change the option.
Interferences: define the method used to calculate interference on the downlink (I0
and Nt):
I0: Atoll will calculate I0 using the noise generated by all transmitters plus thermal
noise or you can select "Without pilot" and Atoll will calculate I0 using the total
noise less the pilot signal and orthogonal part of traffic channels and other
common channels.
Nt: Atoll will calculate Nt as the noise generated by all transmitters plus thermal
noise or you can select "Without useful signal" and Atoll will calculate Nt as the
total noise less the signal of the studied cell.
Handoff: define the parameters used to model soft handoff on the uplink.

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Default UL Macro-Diversity Gain: set a default value for the uplink gain due to
macro-diversity on soft and soft-soft handovers. If you clear the Shadowing taken
into account check box on the Condition tab when defining a coverage prediction
or during a point analysis, Atoll uses this value. If you select the Shadowing taken
into account check box on the Condition tab, Atoll calculates the UL
macro-diversity gain, based on the standard deviation value of EbNt on the
uplink defined per clutter class.
+MRC in Softer/Soft: Atoll selects the serving cell during a softer/soft handover
by recombining the signal of co-site transmitters and multiplying the resulting
signal by the rake efficiency factor and then comparing this value to the signal
received at transmitters located on the other sites of the active set. Atoll chooses
the greatest value and multiplies it by the macro-diversity gain.
Compressed Mode: define the parameters related to compressed mode.
Compressed mode is used when a mobile supporting compressed mode is
connected to a cell located on a site with a compressed-mode-capable equipment
and either the pilot RSCP, or the received EcI0, or both of them are lower than the
defined activation thresholds.
RSCP Activation Threshold: select the RSCP Active check box and enter a
RSCP Activation Threshold.
EcI0 Activation Threshold: select the EcI0 Active check box and enter a EcI0
Activation Threshold.
EbNt UL and DL Target Increase: When compressed mode is activated, EbNt
requirements in UL and DL are increased. In order to take this into account, Atoll
adds UL and DL EbNt target increase values to the UL and DL EbNt
requirements set for each radio bearer.
HSDPA: define how total noise is calculated and how the CQI (Channel Quality
Indicator) is evaluated for HSDPA.
Nt: select "Total noise" and Atoll will calculate Nt as the noise generated by all
transmitters plus thermal noise or select "Without useful signal" and Atoll will
calculate Nt as the total noise less the signal of the studied cell.
CQI: select Based on CPICH quality and Atoll will measure the CQI based on
the pilot EcNt or select Based on HS-PDSCH quality and Atoll will measure the
CQI based on the HS-PDSCH EcNt. Depending on the option selected, you will
have to define either a CQI=f(CPICH Ec/Nt) graph, or a CQI=f(HSPDSCH Ec/Nt)
graph in the Properties dialogue of the terminal equipment. The calculated CQI
will be used to determine the best bearer.

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3.4.4 Cells parameters setting
Cells sheet.

2) After importing transmitters, Atoll will create cells automatically. Generally, we need to
delete all of the cells on Cells table to fix for UMTS network - Cells sheet. Right click
Transmitters ->Cells->Open Table on Network window to open Cells table, select all
of the cells and click Delete, as seen in the following figure.

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After deleting the cells, Cells table is empty, as seen in the following figure.

3) Adjust the Cells table fields according to the Excel fields, copy the data of the
UMTS network - Cells sheet and paste it the Cells table of Atoll, as shown in the
following figure.

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4) The Name field in the Cells table may be set according to the user preference. In
Atoll, the default name is set as: Transmitter_name (0, where 0 is the carrier
number.

5) Frequency Bands:
To open the Frequency Bands dialogue, select Network Settings->Frequencies->
Bands on Network window.

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Open the Frequency Band dialogue. Define the central frequency, the first carrier, the
last carrier and the bandwidth. By default the first carrier is 0 and the last carrier is 2, so
there are 3 carriers. The frequency of the carrier 0 is the central frequency. This frequency
is use for the calculation of the pathloss matrices. The frequency of the carrier 1 is the
central frequency + 5MHz. Atoll UMTS supports multi-frequency band, by adding a new
frequency band in the last line of the Frequency Band dialog box.

Define TMA, Feeders, Transmitter Equipment and Repeater Equipment under Radio
Network Equipment folder on Parameters window.

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3.4.5 Import and export
The stand alone mode does not need to connect any external database, but it can be
convenient to import/export network data from/to a database.

3.4.5.1 Import Access database
1) Please find the Brussels_UMTS.mdb document in the
Reference_Data\Access_Database folder in the CDROM. This document is an
Access database file, containing the Brussels network data (but it does not contain
the map data).

2) In Atoll, select File->New->From an Existing Database, as shown in the following
figure.

3) In the browsing window select the Brussels_UMTS.mdb document from the
CDROM.

4) After clicking on Open, Atoll automatically import all network data from the database
to the Atoll project.

5) Using Centre in the Map Window to lets the sites appear in the center of the
window.

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Note: The database does not include the map data, therefore the map data has to be
imported separately.

3.4.5.2 Export to Access database
When all network data are set in Atoll, the data may be exported to a database file, so the
network data can be easily shared and transferred.

Select Menu Document->Database->Export, and in the appeared Export to a
Database dialog box, type the file name and then export the engineering data into the
.mdb file.


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3.4.6 Add new sites
The steps for importing the network data into Atoll have been introduced above. Atoll
provides also another method to add new sites directly in the Map Window.

3.4.6.1 Add new sites one by one
Clicking on the Atoll toolbar button , turn the mouse into a honeycombs shape, as
shown in the following figure.

In the Map Window, a new site (including 3 transmitters) can be added directly with a click
on the appropriate position. Simultaneously, Atoll adds the corresponding information into
the data sheets.
Press the Ctrl key to lay continuously sites in the Map Window. When the laying of sites
is finished, press the Esc key to withdraw from the current status.

It is possible to add new transmitters to an existing base station, as shown in the following
figure.


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Do not select Hexagonal Design in the Network tab, will hide the honeycomb shape of
the new sites.

3.4.6.2 Add a group of sites
Click on the Atoll toolbar button , then a polygonal symbol will be added behind the
cursor.
Then draw a polygon in the Map Window to add a new group of sites inside the selected
region. Sites will be automatically layed inside the region according to a certain inter-site
distance, as seen in the following figure.

After drawing the polygon, the following figure will appear.

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Similarly, Atoll will add the corresponding information to the new sites into the data sheets.

If the user wants to delete a group of sites, it can be done in the Site table as explain
above or more quickly through the following operations:
Right click on a group of the Hexagonal Design folder and select Delete, then the entire
group of sites will be deleted.


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3.4.6.3 Template management
In the previous sections, a new group of sites have been added by selecting a template
and by drawing a polygon. Atoll allows the user to choose among different templates and
to edit a specific template.
The templates are available in the Atoll toolbar, as shown in the following figure.

Select Station Tamplates under Network Settings folder on Parameters window to manage
station tamplates.

The user can edit the templates parameters by clicking on Properties button. The user
may also add a new template or delete an existing one.

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In the appeared dialog box, the templates properties can be edited (for example, the
number of sectors, the antenna model, the azimuth, the tilt, the height and so on).

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3.5 Propagation model
Atoll integrates many propagation models including Okuruma-Hata, Cost-Hata, SPM.
ITU370, ITU526, ITU 529, Longley-Rice, Erceg-Greenstein(SUI) and WLL models. The
following models are the most commonly used for UMTS projects: Okuruma-Hata,
Cost-Hata and SPM.

3.5.1 SPM propagation model
SPM (Standard Propagation Model) is a model originating from Planet and using K
parameters. The SPM model has also a relation with the Hata model. The SPM model
may be calibrated with CW measurements.

3.5.1.1 Import of CW measurement
Note: the CW measurements used by this document are just for the purpose of
helping the user to be familiar with the use of the software. The detailed
requirements for CW measurements (including data quantity) are described in the

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SPM model calibration document, which can be provided upon request.

To import the measurements, there are 2 methods: Copy/Paste and import.
1) Copy/Paste method
(1) Open the Site89_2 survey worksheet in the UMTS_Brussels_Network.xls
document. This worksheet provides the measurements corresponding to the
Site89_2 cell with the longitude, the latitude and the received signal level for each
sampling point

(2) In Atoll, right click on the CW Measurements folder in the Network window, and
select New in the context menu, as shown in the following figure.

(3) In New CW Measurement Path dialog box, fill in the file name, the corresponding

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transmitter, the receiver height. Then paste the Excel table data into the table, as
Note: Set the coordinate system with WGS84 corresponding to the projection
system use in the Excel tab.

After clicking on OK, the test data are immediately displayed on the Map Window. Each
point represents a measurement sampling.

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2) Import method
(1) Atoll supports the formats .dat, .txt, .csv and .hd (PlaNET).
(2) Please find 3 .txt documents inside the Reference_Data folder of the CDROM.
(3) In Atoll, right click on CW measurements in the Network window and select
Import as shown in the following figure.

(4) In the appeared Open dialog box, browse for the document to be imported. Atoll
supports the multi selection of files. Several measurements corresponding to the
same transmitter can be imported at the same time, but if the measurements
belong to different transmitters, then each measurement has to be imported
separately.
Provided test data corresponding to different transmitters, the measurements have to be
imported one by one.

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(5) The appeared dialog box contains two tabs, General and Setup. In the
General tab, define the corresponding reference transmitter, the frequency and
receiver height, as shown in the following figure.

(6) In the Setup tab, fill in the 1st Measurement Row field with 2 (because the drive
test document has a title line and the data start at the second line). Then click on
the Setup button.

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(7) After clicking on the Setup button, the CW Measurement Setup dialog box
appears, as shown in the following figure. Define X-Coordinates and
Y-Coordinates fields with respectively the longitude and latitude.

(8) Click on the Import button in the import main window and then the measurement
data will be imported into the project. After the import, the measurement data will
be automatically put in the CW Measurements folder of the Network Window.

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Use Centre in the Map Window function to display the imported measurements in
the center of the map.

Import also the Measures_Site69_U1_Street.txt and the
Measures_Site69_U3_Street.txt documents into the project by the similar operations
above. Please note that the 3 measurements files correspond to different transmitters.

(9) Setting of the CW measurements display double click on the CW
measurement folder and open the CW measurements properties dialog box. In
the Display tab, define the Display type as Value Intervals and Field as
M(dBm).


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(10) Before calibrate the propagation model, we can filer the CW test data. In Atoll,
there is the filter function which can do the basic filtering.
There are two ways as below:
Set the filter criterion directly:
Right click the CW Measurements folder and choose Filter as below:

Set the filter criterion, for example as below:

Using Filtering Assistant, but only focus on one path
Right click one path and choose Filtering Assistant as below:

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In the Filtering Assistant on CW measurement points dialogwe can set
the filer criterion as below:

Using Filtering Zone

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Right clicks one path and chooses Filtering Zones->Draw, then we can draw
a polygon which need to filter the points inside this area.


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3.5.1.2 Automatic calibration of the SPM model
A good propagation model calibration requires having enough data, filtering them and
carrying a careful tuning of each factor of the model. The tuning steps are quite complex,
which is not described in details in this document. A document of specific SPM model
calibration can be provided upon request.
Bellow the SPM model basic operations are introduced.

The SPM automatic calibration may help the user to find the best K parameters, the
Effective antenna height method, the Diffraction method and the clutter losses.
(1) Duplicate the existing standard propagation model and make the calibration for the
duplicated model. This method has the advantage to preserve the existing model
and to allow a calibration of the SPM for each kind of environments.

(2) Right click on the Copy of Standard Propagation Model and select Calibration....
Select the CW measurement(s) and click on the Next button.

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(3) In the appeared dialog box, select the K parameters that will be used for the
calibration. It is recommended not to select the K6 parameter.

Double click on a K parameter or select a K parameter and click on Define Range, will
open the Define Domain dialog box, where the range of the K parameter can be defined,
as shown in the following figure. But generally it is recommended to keep the default
values defined above.

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After choosing the range, click on OK.

(4) According to the selected CW measurements and the tuning parameters, Atoll
calibrates automatically the SPM propagation model.

(5) After the computation, Atoll provides in the same dialog box the results and the
statistics concerning the model, as the average error and the standard deviation.
According to the results, the user may choose to commit the K parameters list by
clicking on the Commit button.

Note: the automatic model calibration is only a mathematical computation method.
The result depends on the quality of the CW measurements. Therefore a high
quality of CW measurements is required.

(6) If the results are not satisfactory and the K parameters have been already
committed, the propagation model can be deleted by right clicking on it and
selecting Delete (or by pressing the Delete key on the keyboard).

(7) If after the calibration, the model has to be used in other projects, copy it by with
CTRL+C and paste it with CTRL+V in the Modules tab of another project.

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3.5.1.3 Model validation with CW measurements
Normally, the validity of the model is checked with the standard deviation. The lower the
value is, the better the model is. Generally, the standard deviation has to be less than 8dB.

Another method is using the analysis tool to compare each measurement point to the
associated prediction.

1) Right click on the CW measurement in the Network window. Then select
Properties in the context menu.

2) On the appeared properties dialog box, select the calibrated propagation model and
click on OK.


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3) Right click on the CW measurement and select Refresh Geo Data.

4) Afterward right click on the CW measurement and select the Calculations->
Calculate Signal Levels function.


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5) So the selected propagation model will be used. Right click on the CW measurement
and select Display Statistics. Atoll will display the statistics report and the standard
deviation of the measurement is available.

6) Right click on the CW measurement and select Open the Analysis Tool.


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Atoll displays automatically the CW measurements window, as shown in the following
figure. With the cursor clicking in the CW measurements window and Atoll will
simultaneously represent the drive test position in the Map Window. For the selected point
Atoll provides the measurement value (M) and the predicted value (P). On the right of the
CW measurements window the user can add an additional result, as the difference
between M and P.

Note: For the document with the detailed model calibration operations, please
contact Atoll support team.

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3.5.1.4 Set the propagation model for each transmitter
After the calibration of the propagation model, open the Transmitters tab and select the
propagation model in pull-down menu of the Main propagation model field. The user may
use Ctrl + D.

If all transmitters use the same propagation model, then the quickest way is to define the
model in the Transmitters properties dialog box. In the Propagation tab, select the
propagation model and choose the radius and the resolution (Normally the resolution is
the same as the digital map).


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3.5.2 Cost-Hata model
Okuruma-Hata and Cost-Hata use both the standard Hata formula. The Okuruma-Hata is
suitable for a frequency smaller than 1500MHz and Cost-Hata is suitable for a frequency
bigger than 1500MHz. So Cost-Hata will be used for a CDMA network.
Both Okuruma-Hata and Cost-Hata can be calibrated. The following paragraph introduces
only the calibration of the Cost-Hata model, but the calibration of the Okuruma-Hata model
is similar.

3.5.2.1 Import of CW measurements
Please refer to the paragraph 3.5.1.1.

3.5.2.2 Automatic calibration of the Cost-Hata model
The following paragraph does not make an exhaustive introduction of the automatic
calibration of the Cost-Hata model. Automatic calibration is quite complex because of the
detailed adjustment steps. Please contact the Atoll Support Team for more information.

Firstly, the CW measurements must be in a sufficient number and of good quality, in order
to calibrate accurately the Cost-Hata model.

The Cost-Hata calibration tool might help the user to find the best A1, B1, Diffraction
Factor and Formula Correction for each type of clutter.

1) Right click the Cost-Hata model and select Duplicate will duplicate the Cost-Hata
model. So, the calibration will not affect the parameters of the existing Cost-Hata
model.


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2) Double click on the folder Copy of Cost-Hata will open the properties dialogue. The
Cost-Hata propagation model can use an environment formula appropriate to each
clutter class when calculating. Furthermore, Cost-Hata propagation model can add
diffraction loss and take into account limitation to free space loss.
Add diffraction loss: The Cost-Hata propagation model can take into account
losses due to diffraction, using a 1-knife-edge Deygout method, and using the ground
altitude given in the DTM. The diffraction can be weighted for each Hata environment
formula.
Limitation to free space loss: When using a Hata-based propagation model, it is
possible to calculate a theoretical path loss that ends up being lower than the free
space loss. In Atoll, you can define any Hata-based propagation model to never
calculate a path loss that is lower than the calculated free space loss per pixel.

3) Right click on the folder Copy of Cost-Hata and select Calibration will open the
calibration wizard. Select one or several CW measurement(s) and click Next, as

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4) In the appeared dialogue select the parameters that Atoll will calibrate and click
Next, as shown in the following figure.

5) Atoll automatically calibrates the Cost-Hata model and displays the parameters
before and after the calibration. Atoll provides also the root mean square, the
average and the standard deviation before and after the calibration. According to the
results the user can choose to commit the result by clicking on the Commit button.

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6) If a propagation model is not useful, its easy to delete it by right clicking on the
Cost-Hata model and select Delete or use the Delete key on the keyboard.

7) If the user wants to use the propagation model in another Atoll project, just copy the
existing propagation model with CTRL+C and then paste it in the new project with
CTRL+V.

3.5.2.3 Uncalibrated Cost-Hata model Setting
1) Double click on Copy of Cost-Hata in Parameters window (or right click on the
Copy of Cost-Hata icon and select Properties) will open the Copy of Cost-Hata
properties dialog box.

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2) In the Copy of Cost-Hata properties dialog box, the propagation formula has to be
set for each kind of clutter. Click on the Formulas button on the bottom left for
checking Copy of Cost-Hata formulas and default values. The propagation
parameters have to be set according to the user experience.

3) Set the appropriate formula for each kind of clutter in the Copy of Cost-Hata
properties dialog box. The following figure is an example of the Copy of Cost-Hata
properties setting (the properties dialog box has to be set according to the users
network environment).

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3.5.2.4 Set the propagation model for each transmitter
The next step is to set up the Copy of Cost-Hata model for all transmitters.
Right click on the Transmitter folder on Network window, select Properties, and
open the Transmitters properties dialog box. In the appeared dialog box, select the
Propagation tab and select Copy of Cost-Hata for the propagation model, as

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3.6 Propagation matrix calculation
3.6.1 Preliminary work
Before launching the calculation of the pathloss matrices, the following preliminary work
has to be done.
3.6.1.1 Resolution of predictions and receiver altitude
The user needs also to set the resolution for coverage studies. This resolution may be
equal or lower than the maps accuracy. The higher the resolution is the longer the
processing time is.

1) Right click on the Predictions folder of the Network window and select Properties
(or double click directly on the Prediction folder).

2) In the Predictions properties dialog box, set the Default resolution value to 20m
(this will be the resolution for the following prediction studies). Clicking on Private
Directory allows the user to select the path loss document, which will be used to
store the pathloss matrices. The user can either select the Embedded option to
store the pathloss matrices in the current Atoll project, or select the .\xxxxx.losses
option to store the pathloss matrices in the external .losses folder which in the same
directory of the ATL file, or use the Browse option to select a folder to store the
pathloss matrices externally.

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3) The Receiver Height can be set in the Properties dialog of Network Setting, shown as
below:

3.6.1.2 Setting the Computation Zone
If there is no computation zone defined, the pathloss matrices for all transmitters will be
calculated, based on the calculation radius and the signal threshold.
If the user wants to calculate the pathloss matrices only for a specific region, a
Computation Zone can either be imported or directly drawn in the Map Window.

1) Drawing the Computation Zone
(1) Right click on Computation Zone in the Geo tab of Explorer Window and select
Draw in the context menu.

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(2) Then draw a polygon with the mouse to delimitate the region, for which the
propagation will be calculated.

(3) You can also create a computation zone to be a polygon, rectangle or
combine/delete/split vector objects by using the Vector Editor on toolbar as follows:

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2) Import of the Computation Zone
(1) Right click on Computation Zone in the Geo tab of the Explorer Window and
select Import in the context menu.

(2) In the appeared dialog box, browse for the Reference_Data\Computation_Zone
folder in the CDROM and open the Brussels_Computation_Zone.mif document.

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(3) After opening the document, the Vector Import dialog box will appear, as shown in
the following figure. Press the Import button to import the computation zone.

(4) After the import, the computation zone will appear in red, as seen in the following
figure.

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(5) Right click on Computation Zone in the Geo tab and select Export. Then
export the computation zone with .MIF, .agd (Atoll map format) or .shp format. This
computation zone can be imported in other projects.


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6There is a new functionality from version 2.4, Atoll can draw several polygons and
combine to one computation zone or focus zone.
Find vector edit tool as below, choose Computation Zone or Focus Zone:

Click the button and you can draw one more polygon:

Click button , and you can draw the circle computation zone

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3.6.2 Propagation and prediction studies calculation
The calculations in Atoll are divided in two parts, pathloss matrices calculation and
prediction study calculations.
Propagation calculation:
Calculation of the propagation loss of the link between each transmitter and
each pixel. The calculation results will be saved in the path loss matrices. The
pixel size is the transmitter calculation resolution.
Coverage study prediction
Atoll reads the data from the pathloss matrices, which was calculated
previously, and make a post processing to calculate and display the coverage
study.
If the pathloss matrices have been calculated and there is no modification on the RF
parameters (e.g. the site location, the antenna model, the azimuth and so on), Atoll does
not automatically recalculate the pathloss matrices. If some of the RF parameters of some
transmitters are changed, Atoll will recalculate the pathloss matrices for these
transmitters.

Right click on the folder Predictions in the Network tab and select New, as shown in

In the appeared Prediction Types dialog box, Atoll provides by default 14 types of
predictions. The first 5 predictions are concerning the DL pilot power without knowing the
load conditions, so the predictions can be done before the Monte Carlo simulation.

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3.6.2.1 Best server prediction
1) Select Coverage by Transmitter and clicking OK, then open the Coverage by
Transmitter properties dialog box. In the General tab, the Resolution of the
prediction can be set.


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2) In the Condition tab, set the Signal level threshold (for example -120dBm) and
select Best Signal Level in the Servers field.

The default value for the Cell Edge Coverage Probability is 75%. If the standard deviation
is set in the Clutter Classes properties, Atoll will use this value to calculate the Shadowing
Margin. Atoll supports Cell Edge Coverage Probability lower than 50%.

3) In the Display tab, define the display attributes, such as coverage transparency and
so one.


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4) Click on the OK button to close the dialog box. Clicking on the toolbar button
(or F7 on the keyboard), Atoll starts the computation and open automatically the
Event viewer window, which shows the prediction calculation progress.

If the Propagation calculation is already calculated, Atoll will start the computation of the
coverage study.

Each prediction study is stored automatically in the Prediction folder of the Network
window, as shown in the following figure.

The generated prediction study is locked automatically. So if any parameters are changed
this prediction study result will not be changed.
If the prediction study has to be recomputed, right click on this prediction study and unlock
the study before starting the computation.

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3.6.2.2 Coverage by Signal Level prediction
1) In the Prediction Types dialog box select Coverage by Signal Level.

2) In the Condition tab, fill in -120dBm for the signal level threshold and select All for
the Servers field.

3) In the Display tab, the user can set the display attributes, such as the intervals for

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the predicted values, the color and so one. The Min and Max values and the colors
can be set by clicking on Actions->Shading.

4) After defining the properties, similarly as for the Best Server prediction, click on the
toolbar button (or on the keyboard F7), to start the computation.


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Note: Previously Atoll already calculated the pathloss matrices with the Coverage
by transmitters prediction. For the Signal Level prediction, there is no change of
RF parameters, so this time Atoll calculates only the prediction.

5) Selecting View->Legend Window, displays the legend in the Map Window.

6) Tip text
For most object types, such as sites, transmitters, prediction maps, information about

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each object can be displayed on the map window in the form of a tool tip that is only visible
when the pointer is over the object.
To activate the tool tip function, click the Display Tips button on the toolbar.
Note: If more than one coverage prediction is displayed on the map, the tool tips
display the tip text for all the coverage predictions available.

7) If you want to export the value of each pixel in the prediction, please go to Result
Export tab, the set the exported file name and decimal places, separator as below:

3.6.2.3 Overlapping Zones prediction
1) Select Overlapping Zones in the Prediction Types dialog box.

2) In the Condition tab, set the signal level threshold to -120dBm, select Best Signal
Level for the server field and set the Margin to 5dB.

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3) The coverage map is shown in the following figure.

Number of servers >=2 represents the region where the received signal level from
different pilots have a difference less than 5dB.
Number of servers >=3 represents the region where the received signal level of 3
different pilots have a difference less than 5dB. And so one


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3.6.2.4 Force calculation
If there is no change in the RF parameters, Atoll wont recalculate the pathloss matrices
before calculating a prediction. But Atoll also provides the Force Calculation function,
which can force the calculation of the pathloss for all transmitters.
Click on the toolbar button to force the recalculation of all path loss matrices.

3.6.2.5 Prediction template management
If the prediction default values dont match the users need, Atoll allows the user to save a
prediction template in order to store the parameters setting.
1) Right click on a prediction study and choose Save as a Customised Prediction.

2) A Save as dialogue window will prompt up. Define the name and the path of the
XML file you would like to save, as shown in below the figure. By default, the storage
path is the installation folder of Atoll. All the customized prediction studies are saved
in this Studies.XML file.


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3) The prediction template will be added in the Prediction Types dialog box.

4) If you want to delete this template, select it and click delete button.

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3.7 Simulation
3.7.1 Traffic model
The UMTS traffic model depends of the UMTS Parameters of the Parameters window:
Environments, User Profiles, Terminals, Mobility Types and Services.

3.7.1.1 Services
1) By default, Atoll provides 7 kinds of service types. Double clicking on the Voice type
will open the Voice properties dialog box.

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2) Set the Uplink and Downlink Activity Factors/Average requested throughput in the
General tab.

3) On UMTS tab to define other parameters of the service. For more information,
please refer to User Manual.

4) R99 Radio Bearer. Click on the button on the right of the field R99 Radio
Bearer. In the appeared dialog box LCD12 properties define the Nominal Rate, the
Coding Factor, the Spreading Factor, the DPCCH/DPCH Power Ratio, the Min

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Allowed Downlink Traffic Channel Power and the Max Allowed Downlink Traffic
Channel Power.

5) The user can specify a new type of Service Right click on the Services folder,
select New and set up all the parameters in the appeared dialog box.

3.7.1.2 Mobility Types
1) Atoll provides by default 3 Mobility Types (the name depends of the speed). Double
clicking on the 50km/h mobility opens the 50 km/h properties dialog box.

2) In the General tab define the speed of mobility.


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3) In the UMTS tab define the Ec/Io Threshold and the HS-SCCH Ec/Nt Threshold
according to the mobility.

4) The user can specify a new type of Mobility Right click on the Mobility Types
folder, select New and set up all the parameters in the appeared dialog box.

3.7.1.3 Terminals
1) Atoll provides 4 kinds of Terminals by default. Double click on Mobile phone and
open the Mobile phone properties dialog box.

2) In the General tab define the name.

3) In the UMTS tab define the UMTS Equipment, the Noise Figure, the Min and Max
Power, the Gain, the Losses, the Active Set Size. And whether the Terminal supports
HSDPA and HSUPA. For more information, please refer to User Manual.

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4) The user can specify a new type of terminal Right click on the Terminals
folder, select New and set up all the parameters in the appeared dialog box.

3.7.1.4 User Profiles
1) Atoll provides by default 2 kinds of user profiles. Double click one Business User to
open the open the Business User properties dialog box.

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2) Various parameters can be set up in the General tab. For CS services, fill in the
Terminal, Calls/hour and Duration fields. For PS services, fill in the Terminal,
Calls/hour, UL Volume (Kbytes) and DL Volume (Kbytes) fields.

3) The user can specify a new type of User Profile. Right click on the User profiles
folder, select New and set the parameters in the appeared dialog box.

3.7.1.5 Environments
1) Atoll provides by default 4 kinds of Environments (classify by clutter name). Double
click on Dense Urban and open the Dense Urban properties dialog box.


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2) Various parameters can be set up in the General tab. For each kind of User Profile,
fill in the corresponding Mobility and Density fields.

3) In the Clutter Weighting tab, the user can specify a weight and an indoor
percentage for each clutter class. The higher the weight is, the higher the user
density is. If the weight is 0 for a specific clutter, then no user will be distributed on
this clutter.


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3.7.2 Creating Traffic Maps
Atoll provides 3 different methods to create the traffic maps.
1) User profile traffic map
User profile environments
User profile densities
2) Sector traffic maps
Uplink and Downlink Throughputs
Total Number of Users (All Activity Statuses)
Number of Users per Activity Status
3) User density traffic maps per (No. of Users/km2)
All activity statuses
Active in uplink
Active in downlink
Active in uplink and downlink
Inactive

Right click on Traffic in the Geo tab and select New map, as seen in the following
figure.

In the appeared New traffic Map dialog box, the above 3 methods for traffic map creation
can be selected, as shown in the following figure.

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In the following paragraphs, 3 methods for traffic map creation will be introduced with the
reference data from the CDROM.

3.7.2.1 User profile Traffic map
This kind of traffic map can be drawn manually or imported from external files.
1) Draw manually
(1) In the New Traffic Map dialog box, select User profile traffic map and User
profile environments, then click on Create.

(2) Atoll will display the Environment map editor on the top of the Map Window. In the
Environment map editor, the user can choose one kind of environment, like
Suburban

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(3) Then click on the button to draw a polygon in the desired area corresponding
to a Suburban environment, as shown in the following figure.

(4) With the same method draw the Dense Urban zone.

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(5) If the drawing polygon is not good, it can be deleted with the button.

2) Import a traffic map
In the Reference data\ traffic\ Raster_Traffic folder of the CDROM, a traffic map is
prepared. It is the same map as the clutter map.
Note: The clutter map can be used as a traffic map, especially for complex
environments, because it is difficult to draw manually this kind of map.
(1) Select User profile traffic map and User profile environments in the New traffic
Map dialog box and then click on the Import button.


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(2) In the appeared dialog box, select the Reference data\ Traffic\ Raster_Traffic\
BIndex in the CD and import it.

(3) Atoll will automatically open the User profile environment based traffic map
properties dialog box where the user can define the display color, the legend and
the code for each environment.


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3) Export a traffic map
A traffic map can be exported from the Atoll document.
Right click on the User profile environment based traffic map folder and select Save As
to export the traffic map.

3.7.2.2 User profile traffic map - User profile densities
This kind of traffic map may also be drawn manually or imported from external files.
The drawing method is the same of the method introduced for the traffic map Map Based
on Environments. In the following part, the method for importing a traffic map from the CD
is introduced.
1) Select User profile traffic map and User profile densities in the New Traffic Map
dialog box and then click on the Import button.

2) In the appeared dialog box, select the Reference_Data \Traffic \Vector_Traffic
\Airport \Airport_Building.mif file from the CDROM and import it.

3) After clicking Open button, define the coordinate system and click Import in the
Vector Import dialog box.

4) In the appeared dialog box, select the Traffic tab to define the indoor percentage
and the weight for each clutter.

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5) Import with the same method the other vector traffic maps located in the
Reference_Data\Traffic\Vector_Traffic folder.

3.7.2.3 Sector traffic map -Throughputs in uplink and downlink
Sector traffic map can be either generated by input data manually or imported from
external files.
The input parameters for each serving cell and each service are the uplink and downlink
throughputs.

1) Input the data manually
(1) Copy the HSUPA_Traffic(Throughput)_Per_Sector.xls traffic data located in the
Reference_Data \Traffic \Cell_Traffic folder, except the title line.

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(2) Select Sector traffic map in the New traffic Map dialog box, select Uplink and
Downlink Throughputs and click on the Create button.

(3) In the appeared Sector traffic map dialog box, select an existing Coverage by
Transmitter prediction and paste the traffic values, as shown in the following figure.

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(4) After clicking the OK button, Atoll appears a Sector traffic map properties dialog
box. In the Traffic tab, fill in the percentage of each type of Terminal, the
percentage of each type of Mobility, the clutter weightings and indoor weightings.

(5) After clicking on the OK button, the traffic map will be loaded on the Map Window.

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Each best server zone defined by the selected Coverage by Transmitter prediction
will have a distributed traffic, as shown in the following figure.

(6) Create the other sector traffic maps R99_Traffic(Throughput)_Per_Sector.xls and
HSDPA_Traffic(Throughput)_Per_Sector.xls with the same method located in the
Reference_Data\Traffic\Cell_Traffic folder.

2) Import a traffic map
(1) Select Sector traffic map in the New traffic Map dialog box, select Throughputs
in uplink and downlink and click on the Import button.

(2) In the appeared dialog box, select Reference data\Traffic\Cell_Traffic\ Cell traffic
map (throughput) - R99 traffic.agd from the CDROM and import it.


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(3) After clicking Open button, define the coordinate system and click Import in the
Vector Import dialog box.

(4) In the appeared dialog box, fill in the percentage of each type of Terminal, the
percentage of each type of Mobility, the clutter weightings and indoor weightings in
the Traffic tab.

(5) After clicking on the OK button, the traffic map will be loaded on the Map Window.

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Each best server zone defined by the selected Coverage by Transmitter prediction
will have a distributed traffic, as shown in the following figure.

(6) Import with the same method the other sector traffic maps located in the
Reference_Data\Traffic\Cell_Traffic folder.

3.7.2.4 Sector traffic map - Total number of users (All activity statuses)
external files.
The input parameters for each serving cell and each service are the total number of users.
The method of creating and importing this map is the same as Sector traffic map
-Throughputs in uplink and downlink refer above, its not necessary to redo again.

3.7.2.5 Sector traffic map - number of users per activity status
external files.
The input parameters for each serving cell and each service are the number of active
users (DL+UL, DL only, UL only) and inactive users.
The method of creating and importing this map is the same as Sector traffic map
-Throughputs in uplink and downlink refer above, its not necessary to redo again.

3.7.2.6 User density traffic map (no. of users/km2)
User density traffic maps provide the number of connected users per unit surface, i.e., the
density of users, as input. This can be either the density of users per activity status or the
density of users including all activity statuses. Atoll provides the following type of traffic

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map per user density:
All Activity Statuses
Active in Uplink:
Active in Downlink
Active in Uplink and Downlink
Inactive

1) Input the data manually
(1) Right click on Traffic in the Geo tab, select New Map. In the appeared dialog
box select User density traffic map (no. of users/km2) and All activity statuses,
then click on the Create button.

(2) The Density map properties window will appear. Then define the distributions for
Terminals, Mobilities, Services and Clutter in the Traffic tab. In the Display tab,
the color of the traffic map can be defined. as shown in the following figure.

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(3) Right click on User density traffic map 1 in the Traffic folder and select Edit.

(4) The vector editor function will be activated and then the "New Polygon/New
Rectangle feature can be used for drawing a new Traffic region in the Map
Window.


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(5) Click Esc button to quit of editing. Double click on the Traffic region and in the
appeared dialog box define the corresponding Traffic Density.

2) Export of cumulated traffic maps
Cumulated traffic of all the traffic maps can be exported in bil and grd formats.
(1) Right click on the Traffic folder and select Export Cumulated Traffic.

(2) In the appeared Save As dialog box enter a file name and click on the Save
button.

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(3) Then in the appeared Export dialog box, define the area to export, the terminal,
the mobility type, the service, the traffic maps to consider and the direction, as
seen in the following figure.


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The export of cumulated traffic map can be done with the following parameters and
options:
Region
Entire Project Area: export the cumulated traffic over the entire project.
Computation Zone: export the cumulated traffic contained by a rectangle
encompassing the computation zone, whether or not the computation zone is
visible.
Note: The exported density map will be a rectangle whatever the original map is
a polygon or rectangle, the area of the Computation Zone will be 0.
Resolution in meter
Density map resolution
Data to be exported in the cumulated traffic
Terminal: type of terminal that will be exported.
Service: service that will be exported.
Mobility: mobility type that will be exported.
Note: A density map can not include CS and PS service, because the
computation methods of Active Users are different.
Activity
All Activity Statuses: export all users without any filter by activity status.
Uplink: Select export mobiles active in the uplink only.
Downlink: export mobiles active in the downlink only.
Uplink/Downlink: export only mobiles with both uplink and downlink activity.
Inactive: export only inactive mobiles.
Traffic maps to be used
Select the traffic maps to be exported

3) Import the exported cumulated traffic maps into Atoll
(1) Right click on Traffic in the Geo tab and select New map. In the appeared
dialog box select User density traffic map (no. of users/km2) and All activity
statuses, then click on the Import button, as shown in the following figure.


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(2) Then define the distributions for Terminals, Mobilities, Services and Clutter. In the
Display tab, the color of the traffic map can be defined.

(3) The Traffic Density map is put automatically in User density traffic map # in the
Traffic folder.


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3.7.3 Simulation
After the establishment of traffic map, the Monte Carlo simulation can be calculated.
1) Cell capacity limits
Open the Cells table and define the upper limits for downlink and uplink traffic loads for
cells.
Note: Using these limits, it is possible to model additional constraints in Monte
Carlo simulations, i.e., resource saturation can occur when the user-defined cell
capacity limit is achieved.

2) Right click on the Simulations folder in the Network window and select New.

3) In the appeared dialog box, in the General tab, set the Number of Simulations, the
Information to retain (the level of detail in the output), the Cell Load constraints and
Bearer Downgrading.

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If downgrading is selected, when a constraint is not respected, user radio bearers with
services supporting bearer downgrading are downgraded. If the constraint is still not
satisfied after downgrading, users are rejected. If downgrading is not selected, users will
be rejected immediately, starting with users with the lowest service priority, if a constraint
can not be respected.

4) In the Traffic tab, select the traffic map which will be used for the simulation and the
Global Scaling Factor. For example select User density traffic map 1, as shown in

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5) In the Advanced tab choose the Generator initialisation and the conditions of
convergence.

6) After clicking on Calculate, the simulation starts immediately. Or click OK button,
the simulation will start when the user clicks on the Calculate button on the
toolbar (or press F7 on the keyboard).
The simulation process will be displayed in the Event viewer window.

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Note: When working with a distributed calculation server, UMTS Monte-Carlo
simulations are calculated in parallel if the generator initialization is set to 0.

7) The simulation results are available in the simulation folder. Double clicking on a
simulation opens the simulation properties dialog box with the simulation report.
The simulation report is composed with 5 tabs, Statistics (statistical results), Sites,
Cells (cells results), Mobiles (Mobiles results) and Initial Conditions, as shown in

8) Commit the results.
The Uplink and Downlink cell loads of each cell are calculated in Monte Carlo simulations
and the results are provided in the Cells tab.
Right click on a group of simulations and select Average Simulation in the context menu
to open the average simulation report. Click on the Commit Result button in the Cells tab

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to commit the cell loads into the Cells table. These values will be used in the prediction
studies introduced in the next section.

9) Simulation replay
A simulation can be replayed (right click on one simulation and select Replay).

3.8 Point analysis tool
Atoll provides a point analysis window to analyze the network performance.
Clicking on the toolbar icon or selecting View->Point analysis, opens the analysis
window. The cursor turns into a circle representing the receiver. Put the receiver on the
Map Window, as shown in the following figure.

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3.8.1 Profile
In the Profile tab, the user may analyze the terrain profile between the transmitter and
the receiver, the received signal level, the link budget and other information.
The desired transmitter (for the profile analysis) can be selected in the Profile window or
directly on the map. Atoll automatically displays the terrain profile between the selected
transmitter and the receiver.
In the Profile tab, the point to point signal power is real-time calculated.

Click on the Link budget button to open the Link Budget window, with the

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information about the link budget between the transmitter and the receiver.

3.8.2 Reception
In the Reception tab, the received signal level values for the strongest transmitters are
given with bars. The received power values are calculated according with the stored path
loss matrices.

3.8.3 AS Analysis
In the AS Analysis tab, the received Ec/Io for the best server, the active set and the
others transmitters are given with bars.

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The availability ( means not available) for the pilot and the service in UL and DL are
calculated according to the selection of the receiver position, the Carrier, the Terminal, the
Service, the Mobility, the DL rate and UL rate.

Double click on a Transmitter to open the Analysis Detail window corresponding to this
transmitter.

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3.8.4 SC Collisions
In the following example, the sites Site76_U2 and Site7_U2 have the same Scrambling
Code and therefore produce Scrambling Code interferences.

3.8.5 Details
The Details tab gives the receiving power for all cells, as seen in the following figure.


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3.9 Other prediction studies
In the 3.6 section, 14 kinds of coverage prediction studies were introduced. The following
11 prediction studies need uplink and downlink load conditions, which may be either
obtained by a Monte Carlo simulation or set manually.
The following coverage of Ec/Io (Pilot Reception Analysis (Ec/Io)) will be an example for
these 9 prediction studies.
3.9.1 Prediction parameters setting
1) In the Prediction Types dialog box, select Pilot Reception Analysis.
2) In the appeared dialog box, select the Condition tab and define:
Using simulation result (it is recommended to select a group to use average
result of the group)
the Terminal
the Service
the Mobility

3) Define the display properties in the Display tab.

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4) Clicking on the OK button to close the dialog box. Clicking on the toolbar button
(or F7 on the keyboard), start the computation.

The following figure shows the Ec/Io prediction plot.


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3.9.2 Standard prediction studies
Atoll provides 14 kinds of prediction study. Through the display setting the number of
prediction types provided by Atoll may reach several dozen to one hundred.

The following predictions are the most commonly used:
Prediction Types Displayed Values
Coverage by Transmitter Transmitter
Coverage by Signal Level Signal Level (dBm, dBV or dBV/m)
Pathloss (dB)
Overlapping Zones Number of Servers
Total Noise level Analysis Minimum Noise Level
Average Noise Level
Maximum Noise Level
Minimum Noise Rise
Average Noise Rise
Maximum Noise Rise
Pilot Quality Analysis Ec/Io
Ec/Io Margin
Reliability Level
Service Area Analysis (Eb/Nt) DL Eb/Nt Margin
Effective Eb/Nt
Maximum Eb/Nt
Required Power
Required Power Margin
Reliability Level
Rate
Service Area Analysis (Eb/Nt) UL Eb/Nt Margin
Effective Eb/Nt
Maximum Eb/Nt
Required Power
Required Power Margin
Rate
Effective Service Area Analysis (Eb/Nt)
(DL+UL)
Reliability Level
Handoff Zones Potential Active Transmitter Number
Pilot Pollution Analysis Polluter Number
Scrambling Code Collision Zones Zone covered by the same Scrambling Code

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HSDPA Quality and Throughput Analysis RLC Peak Rate (kbps)
HS-SCCH Ec/Nt (dB)
HS-PDSCH Ec/Nt (dB)
CQI
HSUPA Quality and Throughput Analysis RLC Peak Rate
Required E-DPDCH Ec/Nt (dB)
Required Terminal Power (dBm)
Inter-technology interferences Level
Analysis DL
Max Noise level
Average Noise level
Max Noise level
Min Noise Rise
Average Noise Rise
Max Noise Rise

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3.9.3 HSDPA
Atoll supports HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access) since the version 2.4. The
following paragraph introduces HSDPA parameters and predictions.

1) Define Cells Table
Open the cell properties window of a transmitter and define the type of HSPA support
among:
NONE
HSDPA
HSPA HSDPA and HSUPA supported.
HSPA+ If MIMO is supported, Transmit Diversity or Spatial Multiplexing can be selected in
the MIMO Support tab on Cells table.

Note : If the network needs to use MIMO, not only select the Transmit Diversity or
Spatial Multiplexing on Cells table, but also select 2 ports in the Number of
Transmission Antenna Port on Transmitters table.

If HSDPA or HSPA has been chosen, define the HSDPA parameters: HSDPA Dynamic
Power Allocation, Available HSDPA Power (dBm), Power Headroom (dB), HS-SCCH
Dynamic Power Allocation, HS-SCCH Power (dBm), Number of HS-SCCH Channels, Min
number of HS-PDSCH codes, Max number of HS-PDSCH codes, Max number of HSDPA
users, Number of HSDPA users, and HSDPA scheduler algorithm, as shown in the
following figure.

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2) Right click the Network Settings folder on Parameters window select properties. In
the Global Parameters tab define the methods for the calculation of Nt and CQI.

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Nt: You can select "Total noise" and Atoll will calculate Nt as the noise generated by
all transmitters plus thermal noise or you can select "Without useful signal" and Atoll
will calculate Nt as the total noise less the signal of thestudied cell.
CQI: You can select Based on CPICH quality and Atoll will measure the CQI based
on the pilot EcNt or you can select Based on HS-PDSCH quality and Atoll will
measure the CQI based on the HS-PDSCH EcNt. Depending on the option selected,
you will have to define either a CQI=f(CPICH Ec/Nt) graph, or a CQI=f(HS-PDSCH
Ec/Nt) graph in the Properties dialogue of the terminal equipment. The calculated CQI
will be used to determine the best bearer.

3) Define HSDPA Ec/Nt threshold
Open the 50 km/h mobility in the Traffic Parameters folder on the Parameters
window and define the HS-SCCH threshold, as shown in the following figure.

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4) Define HSDPA Service
Double click on the HSDPA service in the Traffic Parameters folder on the
Parameters window and define the HSDPA parameters and the associated R99
radio bearer, as shown in the following figure.

5) Define HSDPA Terminal

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Double click on the HSDPA terminal in the Traffic Parameters folder on the
Parameters window and define the HSDPA terminal parameters. In the HSPA tab,
define the UE Category (Atoll supports 28 categories) and the Number of Reception
Antenna Ports to support MIMO or not.

Double click HSDPA UE Categories in the Network Settings -> UE Categories on
Parameters window to define HSDPA terminal UE category and Number of
Reception Antenna Ports, as shown in the following figure.

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6) Define HSDPA Bearer Table and MIMO Table
Double click HSDPA Radio Bearers in the Network Settings -> Radio Bearers on
Parameters window to define HSDPA Bearers (Atoll supports 37 bearers). For each
HSDPA bearer, to define Transport Block Size, Number of Used HS-PDSCH
Channels, RLC Peak Rate and Modulation (Atoll supports QPSK, 16QAM and
64QAM). As shown in the following figure.


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If network supports MIMO, double click Standard in the Network Settings -> Reception
Equipment on Parameters window to define MIMO table. As shown in the following
figure.

Note: To consider Additional MIMO gain in Clutter Classes properties on Geo
window, Spatial Multiplexing Gain Factor and Additional Diversity Gain can be

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defined for each clutter class. As shown in the following figure.

7) HSDPA Prediction
Right click on the Predictions folder and select New. In the appeared dialogue select
HSDPA Quality and Throughput Analysis, as shown in the following figure.

In the Condition tab define the HSPDA terminal, the HSDPA service and select a
simulation for the cell load conditions, as shown in the following figure.

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In the Display tab, select Value Intervals for the display type and for example select RLC
Peak Rate among the 15 supported predictions.


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Atoll will display the calculated HSDPA RLC Peak Rate in the map window, as shown in


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3.9.4 HSUPA
Atoll supports HSUPA (High Speed Uplink Packet Access) since the version 2.6. The
following paragraph introduces HSUPA parameters and predictions.

1) Define Cells Table
Open the cell properties window of a transmitter and define the type of HSPA support
(select HSPA or HSPA+), the DL HSUPA power, the max number of HSUPA users, UL
load factor due to HSUPA and the number of HSUPA users, as shown in the following
figure.

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2) Define HSUPA Service

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Double click on the HSUPA service in the Traffic Parameters folder on the
Parameters window and define the HSUPA parameters and the associated R99 radio
bearer, as shown in the following figure.

3) Define HSUPA Terminal
Double click on the HSUPA terminal in the Traffic Parameters folder on the
Parameters window and define the HSUPA parameters. In the UMTS tab, define the UE
Category (Atoll supports 7 categories).

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Double click HSUPA UE Categories in the Network Settings -> UE Categories on the
Parameters window to define HSUPA User Categories. In the appeared dialogue,
define for each HSUPA category, the max number of E-DPDCH, Min spreading factor,
Max block size for TTI 2ms and 10ms, the highest modulation and whether TTI 2ms is
supported. As shown in the following figure.


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4) Define HSUPA Bearer Table
Double click HSUPA Radio Bearers in the Network Settings -> Radio Bearers on the
Parameters window to define HSUPA Bearers (Atoll supports 33 bearers). For each
HSUPA bearer, define TTI Duration, Transport Block Size, Number of E-DPDCH
Channels, Min Spreading Factor, RLC Peak Rate and Modulation (Atoll supports QPSK
and 16QAM). As shown in the following figure.

5) HSUPA Prediction
Right click on the Predictions folder and select New. In the appeared dialogue select
HSUPA Quality and Throughput Analysis, as shown in the following figure.

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In the Condition tab define the HSUPA terminal, the HSUPA service and select a
simulation group for the cell load conditions, as shown in the following figure.
On HSUPA Resources, Atoll can calculate the HSUPA coverage prediction in one of two
ways:
- For a single user: After allocating capacity to all R99 users, the entire remaining load
will be allocated to a single HSUPA bearer user.
- Shared by HSUPA users defined or calculated per cell: After allocating capacity to all
R99 users, the remaining load of the cell will be shared equally between all the HSUPA
bearer users. When the coverage prediction is not based on a simulation, the number of
HSUPA bearer users is taken from the cell properties. The displayed results of the
coverage prediction will be for one user.

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In the Display tab, select Value Intervals for the display type and for example select RLC
Peak Rate among the 8 supported predictions.

Atoll will display the calculated HSUPA RLC Peak Rate in the map window, as shown in

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3.9.5 Dual-Cell HSDPA Modeling
Atoll supports Dual-Cell HSDPA since the version 3.1. Transmitters can be defined to
support dual-cell HSDPA. HSDPA scheduling is carried out per transmitter. The capacities
and resources of two HSDPA cells are combined in order to serve HSDPA users. Dual-cell
HSDPA users can connect to two cells simultaneously on the HS-DSCH. Coverage
predictions and Monte Carlo simulations provide results for dual-cell HSDPA.

1) Select to support Deal-Cell on Transmitters table
Select Dual-Cell on Mutil-cell mode tab, and select one of algorithm methods on
Algorithm tab (Atoll supports Max C/I, Round Robin and Proportional Fair). The two cells
on the same transmitter must support HSDPA.

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Note: The MUG graph is only available if you have set the peak HSDPA throughput
option in the atoll.ini file. For more information, see the Administrator Manual.

2) Define Dual-Cell UE Category
Define the HSDPA terminal to support Dual-Cell UE category, and define which UE
category supports Dual-Cell on HSDPA UE Categories table (Atoll supports 8 UE
categories).

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3) After simulation, select Detail Display by clicking the Action button on the Moblies
tab, then you can see one HSDPA user is connecting two HSDPA cells at the same
time.


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3.10 Neighbours Allocation
Atoll provides both manual and automatic allocation of neighbours.

3.10.1 Automatic allocation
1) Right click on Transmitters in the Network window and select Neighbours->
Intra-technology-> Automatic Allocation.

2) In the appeared dialog box, define neighbor allocation conditions, click Calculate to
start allocation.

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3) After calculation, the allocation result will display on the appeared dialog box. Click
commit button to commit the result to the Cells table.


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4) Click on the toolbar icon , and then select one transmitter on the Map Window.
The neighbour relations will be displayed graphically, as shown in the following
figure.

Select the best server plot (Coverage by transmitter) and the neighbour areas are
automatically shown in the Map Window.


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Note: The automatic neighbour allocation can allocate neighbours to multi-cell
transmitters. When there are more than one cell on the transmitter, clicking the
transmitter in the map window opens a context menu which enables to select the
desired cell.

5) Display all neighbor cells.
Right click on Transmitters in the Network window and select Neighbours->
Intra-technology-> Open Table.

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3.11 Scrambling Codes Allocation
Atoll provides the Automatic Scrambling Code Allocation function.
1) Define Domains for the Scrambling Codes.
Double click Domains on the Network Settings->Scrambling Codes folder in the
Parameters window. In the appeared Domains dialogue, Scrambling Codes Domains
can be defined.

2) In the Domain properties dialog box, define for each Scrambling Code Group Min,
Max and Step.

3) In the Cells table define the Scrambling code domain for each cell.

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4) Right click on the Transmitters folder and select Primary Scrambling
Codes->Automatic Allocation, as shown in the following figure.


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5) In the Primary Scrambling Codes dialog box define the automatic allocation
properties parameters, as the Default Reuse Distance and the allocation strategy.

6) After defining the automatic allocation parameters, click on the Calculate button.
The result will be displayed in the same dialogue, as seen in the following figure.

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7) According to the results, the user may choose to commit the automatic Scrambling
Code allocation list by clicking on the Commit button.


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8) Preview the automatic allocation result on the Distribution Histogram. Right click on
the Transmitters folder and select Primary Scrambling Codes-> Code Distribution,
as shown in the following figure.

9) After allocation, verify whether the allocated scrambling codes respect the specified
constraints by performing an audit of the plan. Right click on the Transmitters folder
and select Primary Scrambling Codes-> Audit, the result will be exported to a .txt
file.

10) Scrambling Codes Search Tool. Click Edit on the menu bar, then select Find on

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Map->Scrambling Code.
Select what you what you want to search for:
- Scrambling code: If you want to find a scrambling code, select Scrambling code and
select it from the list.
- SC Group: If you want to find a scrambling code group, select SC group and select it
from the list.
For example, we need to search 8 scrambling code on the map. Input 8 on Scrambling
code, click the Search button, the transmitters with cells matching 8 are displayed in
red.


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3.12 Other features
3.12.1 User configuration function
The user configuration function allows the user to save the configuration of Geographic
Data Set, Computation and Focus Zones, Folder Configuration, Automatic Neighbour
Allocation Parameters and Prediction List into external file. This configuration file can be
used in the same project or other similar Atoll project in order to avoid redundant settings.

1) Save the user configuration: Select Tools->User Configuration->Save.

2) Select the information to be exported and click on the OK button. The project
configuration will be saved in a .cfg file.

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3) Import a user configuration: The configuration files are stored in the folder Reference
data\ User configuration from the CDROM. Select Tools->User
Configuration->Load, as shown in the following figure.

4) In the Open dialog box select a .cfg file located in the CDROM, for example the

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User_Configuration.cfg. This configuration file contains all prediction studies
produced in the Demo project.

5) In the appeared dialog box, select the information to be imported and click on the
OK button. The user configuration is loaded into your current document.


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3.12.2 Store methods for path loss matrices
If the project is not saved, Atoll calculates the pathloss matrices and save them in the
RAM memory. When the project is saved and the embedded function has been chosen,
the path loss matrices are stored in the ATL file. This can probably impact the size of the
ATL file (according to the calculation resolution and the size of the computation zone) and
the project will need longer time for opening and saving.
The user may choose to store the propagation matrices in an external folder, to reduce the
project document size. Moreover this folder can also be shared with other users.

Double clicking on the Predictions folder, opens the Prediction properties dialog box.
Click on the right side of the Private directory field on the button and select a
directory.

The path loss matrices will be stored in the selected directory with the following name
project name.losses.
Note: when the project document is moved, the corresponding .losses folder has to
be moved in the same directory. Otherwise Atoll will recalculate the path loss
matrices.

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3.12.3 Wi-Fi traffic offloading
It is possible to do the planning in one Wi-Fi document from Atoll 3.1.2 version, and the
traffic in cellular network can be offloaded to Wi-Fi network. The requirements of
integrated WCDMA/Wi-Fi planning, design, and traffic offload analysis features:
link Wi-Fi and WCDMA network projects
Sevice name and Terminal name must be the same in Wi-Fi and WCDMA
network projects
Create the traffic map and new the simulation in WCDMA network

For the details, please refer to Wi-Fi Getting Started document.

4 Tips and tricks
How to import geo data easily?
Drag and drop feature is available for any geo data object to import in ATOLL. To do this,
just select the accurate geo data file in your file explorer and drag it to ATOLL. The format
will be automatically detected by the tool.
This can also be made on PlaNET index data file.

How to change globally a value for all the transmitters?
The right way to make global changes is to open the Transmitter table, modify the
contents in the first cell, select all the columns and then use the fill-down feature, available
in the Edit menu or with the shortcut ctrlD.

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To select all the cells of the column, the easiest way is to select the first one, then select
the last one holding the Shift button.

How to find easily a site on the map?
A search bar is available to find the location of sites on the map. The Search bar can be
opened or closed by selecting the Search bar command in the View menu. In the Search
bar, type the first characters of the site name in the Find site box. ATOLL displays a
scrolling list containing all the sites, which the name begins with this string of characters.
Then, either select the site in the list, or go on typing the site name to reduce the number
of sites in the list. After choosing the site in the list, ATOLL automatically centers the map
on the selected site. As in advanced filters, it is possible to use the contains (*string*)
and begins with (string*) criteria to search for sites which name contains or begins with
the given string.

How to be automatically placed in the Find site box?
Use the F3 shortcut to be automatically placed in the Find site box of the Search bar.

How to delete all sites and their transmitters in one shot (or a set of sites and
transmitters)?
The right way to delete all sites and their transmitters is to open the Sites table, select the
first one and the last one holding the Shift button and use Suppr keyboard button. It is
recommended to close the Sites and Transmitters folders before deleting a large number
of sites and transmitters; otherwise the refresh of the explorer could take a long time.

How to access the properties of any object or group of objects?
In ATOLL, the properties of any object (geo data, sites, transmitters, measurements, etc)
can be accessed from the associated context menu. This is reachable by right-clicking on
the considered object/group and choosing the properties command.

How to filter data rapidly?
The easiest way is to perform directly filters within the tables (popup menu available by
right-clicking in the table). OR and AND criteria can be easily handled:
Selecting cells in several columns and the option Filtering by selection in the popup
menu performs a AND filtering criterion
Selecting cells in several rows and the option Filtering by selection in the popup
menu performs a OR filtering criterion
To check which kind of dynamic criterion has been used by ATOLL, you can open
Transmitters/Properties/General tab and look at the advanced filter.

How to work only on live sites?
Let's assume there is a flag (user field) in Site table dedicated to the status of the site
(live, on-built, planned,).
Filtering sites directly in the table with the popup menu (Filtering by selection) allows to
keep just live sites.

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Filters on site are automatically performed on transmitters (As site folder is the default
configuration for Transmitter folder). Further simulations or predictions will be achieved
only on live sites.

How to use wildcard characters to filter text-format fields?
Wildcard characters such as * can be used when defining advanced filter criteria on
fields with text format.
Entering *string* enables you to filter objects which the chosen field contains the string of
characters.
Entering string* enables you filter objects which the chosen field begins with the string of
characters.

Example: How to display transmitters which are allocated a channel XX?
In the Transmitter table structure, there is a field Channels which contains a flat list of the
channels allocated to the transmitter. It is possible to define an advanced filter as follows:
Use the Advanced filter tab of the Filter dialog
(Transmitters/Properties.../General/Filter/Advanced filter):
Columns: select Channels in the list
Criteria: =* XX * (which means CONTAINS)
Only the transmitters with the channel XX are displayed.
The same filter can be managed at the level of any study by transmitter.

How to change globally the names of all the sites?
There is a Find/Replace feature in the Edit menu available when a table is opened. To
prefix all the sites with your name for example, select the first cell of the name column in
the Site table and use the Edit/Replace feature.

How to find easily an object by its name in a folder?
Open the folder and type the first letters of the object's name.

How to open or close rapidly a folder?
Shortcuts, available in standard Windows applications are available within ATOLL to open
or close the selected folder with shortcuts.
Right arrow and Left arrow respectively open and close the selected folder just like +
and - on the numeric keyboard.
* on the numeric keyboard opens all the subfolders of the selected folder.
[Alt F4] may be used to quit Atoll rapidly when no modifications were made. If there are
modifications, you will be asked to save them anyway.

How to find easily an object in a table?
A Find feature is available in the Edit menu when a table is opened. To find an object in a
table, open the table and use the Find feature.

How to find easily an object on the map?

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The Centre map feature allows the user to find on the map any object located into a
folder (site, transmitter, etc). When choosing this command in the associated context
menu, the considered object is automatically displayed in the centre of the current
workspace.

How to customize the columns displayed in a table?
When a table is opened, you may use the Display columns feature available in the
Format menu to choose which columns you want to keep within the table. This is useful to
customize reports on transmitters or import Excel-format data by matching columns on
both sides and copying-pasting into the table.

How to customize the table style?
When a table is opened, you may use features available in the Format menu in order to
customize the table style.
To change the title style, choose the Format title feature.
To modify the column style, select a column and use the Format columns feature.
You may also use the Align Left, Centre, Align Right, Bold and Italic features.

How to change globally display properties of objects (sites, vectors, measurement
points)?
In the Display tab, select the whole table describing the display configuration and click on
the Modify button. In the Display window, you can choose a unique symbol for all the
objects.

How to predict signal level (received from a transmitter) on a road?
The easiest way consists in using measurement features. Lets assume you have
previously imported a vector file. The procedure is divided into three steps:
Right click on a linear object and select the Element properties feature. In the
Geometry tab, copy the list of coordinates (ctrl-C).
Right click on the Measurement folder and select the New feature. Give a name to
the path, specify measurement unit, transmitter and receiver properties and finally
click on the Paste button. Then, click on OK to validate the path creation.
Open the path properties window. Choose a propagation model, click on Actions and
choose Calculate predictions. The signal level calculated on the path is displayed in a
related table (P(dBm) column). You may use the Measurements window to visualize
the signal level received from the selected transmitter on the path.

How to work on a set of sites selected by a polygon?
Let's assume polygons are available within ATOLL. Right-clicking on the polygon, you can
use it as the working zone or as a filtering polygon. Sites, transmitters and future
calculations are filtered with this polygon.
You can save the polygon filter as a configuration of the Site folder, and repeat this
operation with as many polygons as you wish.
Then, directly right-clicking on the Site folder, you will get all the available configurations

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for the folder and be able to rapidly switch from one to another.
Configurations are saved in the ATL file but possibly also in database.
How to obtain a link budget?
Right-click anywhere in the Profile window opens a context menu. This menu allows you
to change receiver properties, gives the choice between signal level, pathloss or total
losses display, and offers a link budget. If the propagation model used by the selected
transmitter is a Standard Propagation Model, there is an additional feature, useful for
validation, called Model details providing detailed results along the profile.

How is it possible to display city points and their names on the map?
With a vector format providing for each point an attribute containing the name.
Import the vector file within ATOLL and choose the field name as label (you can use any
field or list of fields in the same way).

Where can you define the default server for distributed computing?
In the Atoll.ini file:
[RemoteCalculation]
Servers=Workstation_1; Workstation_2
If the list is empty, computations are run locally.
You can display different areas or view different scales of the same document at the same
time thanks to the Window->New command. When selecting this command, a new Map
Window is created with exactly the same view as the current one. You can then modify
area and scale of both windows independently. For instance, with this feature you can
zoom in very close on two faraway sites without having to display everything between
them. You can also display an overview of the whole network and a small part of it with two
different scales.
Note: Items displayed in all map views depend on the explorer settings and are the
same in all windows, except if you have different scales for the windows and some
visibility settings according to scales.

Head Office
7, rue des Briquetiers
31700 Blagnac - France
Tel: +33 562 747 210
Fax: +33 562 747 211

Asia Office
Suite 302, 3/F, West Tower,
Jiadu Commercial Building,
No. 66 Jianzhong Road,
Guangzhou, 510665, P. R. of China
Tel: +86 20 8553 8938
Fax: +86 20 8553 8285

US Office
200 South Wacker Drive - Suite
3100
Chicago, IL 60606 - USA
Tel: +1 312 674 4846
Fax: +1 312 674 4847
Atoll
Getting Started UMTS
Version 3.1.2

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