ECONOMIC CONDITION

Seat of Government: Municipality of Calaca, Batangas

Congressional District: 1st District
Number of Voting Precints: 243

DEMOGRAPHIC DATA:
Total Land Area 11,270.943 hectares
Number of Barangays
Urban
Rural
6
34
Population
Total Population
Registered Voters (as of 10/29/2007)
- Male
- Female
64,966
38,381
19,226
19,155
Major Religious Denominations
Roman Catholic
Islam
Iglesia ni Cristo
Protestant
Others
96.75%
0.00%
0.10%
2.13%
1.00%
Basic Facilities
Hospitals
Clinics
Market (public/private)
- Cellular Phones (service provider)
- Landline (service provider)
- Postal Service (courier service)
Recreational Facilities
Transportation
Power Supply
Water Source/s
0
5
1/0
Globe, Smart, Sun cell
Globe and Continental
Post Office
Multi-Purpose Gymnasium
Land & Sea
Batangas Electric Cooperative (BATELEC I)
Level 1, 2 & 3
Educational Institutions
Technical and vocational Schools
High school (public/private)
Elementary (public/private)
1
3 / 1
31 / 2
ECONOMIC DATA:
Annual Income
Income Class:
Income Sources
- Internal
- External (IRA)
1st Class

142,590,041.37
64,262,845.00
Total Annual Income (as of Dec. 2008) 206,852,886.37
Major Economic Activities
Agriculture
Service Manufacturing
Tourism
Cottage Industries
Mining

List of Banks/Financial Institutions
Rural bank of Calaca
Rural bank of San Antonio
Ibaan Rural Bank
Lemery Savings and Loan Bank
Cebuana Pawnshop
Henry Lhuiller
PBW Investors and Lending Corporation



HISTORICAL GROWTH OF POPULATION/ POPULATION TREND
Historically, the population of Calaca, Batangas has been estimated to increase from 5,838 in 1903 to
58,086 in 2000. The last decade registered a population growth rate of 2.42% from 1990-2000. The
increased in population can be attributed to the higher number of birth than the number of deaths in a
year. There are 20 livebirth per 1000 population in a year while there is only an estimated average ratio
of 3 deaths per 1000 population in a year.
The increased in population can be attributed to the presence of major industries like the National
Corporation, The Bacnotan Steel Corporation and the Alsons Cement, which could have provided
employment opportunities. On the other hand, a number of population works although work outside
the municipality, still choose to settle within the municipality because of personal reasons such as
closeness to relatives and attachments to the place.
URBAN AND RURAL HOUSEHOLD POPULATION
The populations residing in urban Barangays are classified by the NSO as urban population, while
populations in rural Barangays are classified as rural population.
Out of 40 Barangays, the Poblacion area (Barangays 1-6) is considered as the urban Barangay. The total
urban household population is 5,479. The Poblacion is the most densely populated area with average of
32 persons per hectare. Being the center, the Poblacion consist of several institutions like school,
churches, market place, police and fire department and a municipal hall.
The remaining 34 Barangays are classified as rural Barangays with a total population of 52,607. Among
the rural Barangays, the most densely populated are those along the highway, coastal area, and those
near the Poblacion area. It is considered as the central business district of the municipality. These
Barangays have easier access to transportation facilities, major institutions, industries and services.
The least populated rural Barangays are those that are located in hard-to-reach areas. These are
Barangays in upland areas, where the slope level ranges from 18-30% to more than 50%. They have easy
access to transportation lines and they are far from the CBD.
URBANIZATION/DISTRIBUTION
Urbanization is defined as the growth in the proportion of population living in urban areas when there is
development.
The urbanization level of Calaca is 9%, while the rural area urbanization is 91%. This suggests that
basically, the municipality of Calaca is still rural in character but has a great prospect for further
development.
Built-up density indicates the concentration of population in built-up areas. It is a gauge of how dense
certain built-up areas in a municipality have become.
The gross urban density shows the concentration of the total urban population over the total area of
identified urban barangays. The computed urban density is 31 person per hectare as compared to the
rural density of 5 persons per hectare. This means that rural areas are less populated than the urban
areas. The gross density is 5 persons per hectare. Calaca is considered as a low-density area since its
computed built-up density is 69 persons per hectare.
AGE & SEX STRUCTURE
The population distribution by age indicates a high distribution in the age bracket of 15-64, which is the
productive or working age. The constitute the potential labor force of the municipality and economic
activity which are labor intensive and income generating activities should be given greater emphasis to
meet the needs of the labor force as well as the dependent population at 61% and 35% are in the age
bracket of 14 and below. Only 4% of the population is above 65 years old.
The sex ratio is 99.6 male, which is less than 100. Thus, indicating a predominance of the female
population, 49.9% is male while 50.1% are female.
Fertility in the area is high, which accounts for the high young dependency ratio of 57.2%. The old
dependency ratio is 6.36%. The total dependency ratio is 63.5%.
MIGRATION AND ITS MEASURES
The population was described to be predominantly Batangueo or original settlers or have been
residence for more than 20 years in the municipality. A low migration turn off from other areas was
estimate at 14%.
MARITAL STATUS
Over 59% of the population are single while an estimated of 30% are presently married. A small
percentage of the population are either widowed or separated.
RELIGIOUS AFFILIATION OF THE POPULATION
The population is predominantly Roman Catholic with a significant number of other affiliation like
protestant, Seventh-day Adventist, Born Again, Iglesia ni Cristo, Baptist.
EDUCATION
The municipality of Calaca maintains 32 primary, 4 secondary and 1 tertiary school. While usable, most,
most primary school buildings/classroom needs repair. The same conditions exist also for the secondary
and tertiary school buildings and classroom.
SCHOOL GOING AGE POPULATION
Majority of the school going population age population enter primary school education (90%), while
secondary school age population enter school at (70%) only a low of 2% of the school age population are
enrolled in the tertiary education. On the other hand, primary teacher population was estimated at 237,
while secondary school teachers are 97 and only 9 teachers in sole tertiary school in Calaca. The dropout
rate for the last three years indicates a decreasing trend in primary level. For secondary level however
showed an increased in dropout rate from 4.22% (1996-97) to 4.66%.
EDUCATIONAL STATUS
The educational status of the population of the municipality of Calaca presents a highly literate
population. Being able to enter primary and reached postgraduate Education. At presents, 7.35% (4269)
of the population are college graduate, while 3.84% (2,230) are college undergraduate, 18.79% (10914)
have finished high school education while 14.06% (8,167) are Elementary graduate 10.88% or 5,855
were reported to be not going in school, while only 2.74% have no education at all. The local
government should provide non-formal education in the municipality, which will cater to the out of
school youth.
The average student-classroom ratio is 33:1 for the elementary level, 56:1 for the secondary level. The
average student-teacher ratio is 31:1 fro the elementary level and 40:1 for the secondary level.
NATURAL CONDITION
The Municipality of Calaca, Batangas is located at 13 56` latitude and 120 49` longitude at the
southwestern mouth of Luzon Island along the western part of Batangas Province. It is situated East of
the Municipalities of Balayan, Tuy and Nasugbu, west of the Municipalities of Lemery and Laurel and
North of Balayan Bay. It lies within the southwest slopes of the Talisay. Calaca is a coastal town, being
bounded by Balayan Bay on the South. It is a plain near the shore, gently rolling in the middle and going
steep o the northern-most part adjacent to Gulod ng Batulao.
GEOLOGY AND GEOMORPHOLOGY
Calaca has total land area of 11,270.943 hectares. Tephra deposits of calderas, maars, tuff rings and
cones including large-scale surge deposits led to the formation of Calaca. The process is called
volcanism, upon the formation of the Taal Volcano Calderas some 140,000 years ago. Mt. Batulao
located at the northwestern tip of Calaca, then was a volcano and acted as a barrier in such a way that it
blocked pyroclastic materials coming from erupting Taal Volcano.
Pyroclastic materials are ejecta consisting of unconsolidated materials of different sizes that are
explosively or aerially deposited from volcanic vents. The upland portion of Calaca came from
pyroclastic materials due to continuous base surges from series of volcanic eruption of Taal Volcano.
The low land area is classified as volcanic tuff that was formed mainly due to ash fall and continued lahar
flow. Volcanic tuffs are ejecta from Taal volcano and formed underwater resulting to consolidation.
The coastal area came from weathered materials due to rain and sedimentation, thus giving birth to
alluvial soil. Alluvial soil consist of fluvialite segments of unsorted and unconsolidated clay, silt, sand,
and gravel reworked pyroclastic and volcanic rock segment. (PHILVOLCS)
It can be concluded therefore, that the upland area of Calaca is composed mostly of igneous materials
and the lowland area of sediment origin carried in the coastal area by water and wind actions.
Continuous based surges from pass eruption of Taal Volcano made the slope of Calaca in the upland
area very steep. The areas along river channels as well as their tributaries have steep slopes, since the
soil is loosely consolidated and easily eroded, Generally, Calaca has a terrain described as a highly
dissected due to the presence of several sub-parallel streams or barrancas.
TOPOGRAPHY, SLOPE ASPECT AND ELEVATION
The Municipality is divided into three ecosystems. The coastal ecosystem generally has a lope level of 0-
3%. The following Barangay fall under this ecosystem: Dacanlao, San Rafael, Quizumbing, Camastilisan,
Lumbang Calzada, Salong, Talisay, Puting Bato East, and Puting Bato West.
The Lowland ecosystem generally has a slope level of 3-8%. The Barangay under this ecosystem are
Barangays 1-6, Bagong Tubig, Puting Kahoy, Lumbang na Bata, Pantay Madalunot and Timbain, Coral ni
Lopez, Loma, Portion of Dila, Coral ni Bacal, Lumbang na Matanda and Calantas.
The upland Barangays generally has a slope level of 18% to 50%. These Barangays are Taklang Anak,
Balimbing, Matipok, Niyugan, Caluangan, Dila, Munting Coral, Makina, Cahil, Bisaya, Bambang, Baclas
and Tamayo.
The Highest elevation in Calaca is located in Barangay Cahil with an elevation of 613m above sea level.
SOIL TYPE
There are two soil types that can be found in Calaca, namely:
Taal loam which is located in the northern portion of the municipality covering an area of 7,889.66
hectares. This soil type came from weather materials from pass-based surges of pass eruption of Taal
Volcano. It is generally grayish brown to light gray when dry and dark brown when wet. This type of soil
should have limited cultivation and requires very careful and land management;
Taal Sandy loam on the other hand can be found in the southern portion of the municipality, and covers
an area of 3,381.28 hectares. This soil requires careful land management.
PHYSIOGRAPHY
The Physiography of Calaca is of three types: Scarpment, Broad Alluvial Plains, Volcanic Hills and
Mountain. The coastal ecosystem of Calaca is located along the broad alluvial plains. The lowland
ecosystem is located mainly along broad alluvial plain while some portions are along volcanic hills.
Majority of the upland ecosystem, lies along volcanic hills and some belong to the mountain type,
Scrapments are present in all three ecosystem except within Barangays 1-6.
PERMEABILITY
Permeability is the property of soil to allow air and water to move into the soil layers.
The coastal ecosystem that is 1 km away from the coastline has moderately slow permeability. This is
due to slope level of 0-3% and its soil type, which is mostly sandy I nature. Water from the uplands
generally retains in this area therefore making it flood prone.
The lowland ecosystem, which has a slope level of 3-8% and a soil type of Taal loam has moderate to
moderately rapid permeability.
INFILTRATION
Infiltration is the rate at which water enter the soil under the saturated conditions. It is reliable guide for
the frequency and type of irrigation suitable for a given soil type. It gives an idea about the run off which
is directly related to soil erosion.
The coastal ecosystem has a moderately slow to very rapid infiltration rate. the lowland has a slow to
moderately slow infiltration rate and the upland ecosystem has a moderate to rapid infiltration rate.
DRAINAGE, TRIBUTARY PATTERNS AND CATCHMENT AREAS
Calaca has four major tributary rivers, namely: Dacanlao river, Bolbok River, Bagong Tubig River, and
Cawong River. Rivers flow from the foothill of Mt. Batulao and drains into Balayan Bay.
MINERALS RESOURCES AND RESERVES
Sand deposits are found along riverbanks. Large scale quarrying is found in Barangay Dila resulting to
sedimentation of the Sinisian River System. Quarrying in Dila is active and abandoned quarry sites were
observed. The Sangguniang Bayan approved a municipal ordinance prohibiting such activity along
riverbanks specifically those located near bridges along the national highway.
RAINFALL
Rainfall is the amount of the precipitation (rains, hill Etc) expressed in millimeters (mm) depth of the
layer of the water that has fallen.
Climatologically normal gathered from 1961-1995 at Ambulong Batangas being the nearest station
showed that most number of rainfall occurred between May to December within the month of July
having the most number of rainfall at 335.9 mm.
RELATIVE HUMIDITY
Relative humidity expressed percent, is the ratio of the amount of water vapor in the air to the
maximum amount the air can hold at the given temperature.
The average relative humidity I Calaca is 77%. September has the highest recorded relative humidity
with 83%. The lowest recorded relative humidity occurred during the month of March with 71%.
TEMPERATURE
Annual average temperature is 27.5C. May is the warmest month with mean temperature of 29C.
January is the coldest month with a mean temperature of 26C.
VAPOR PRESSURE
Vapor pressure in Calaca has annual average of 27.7 mbs. The month of April recorded the lowest vapor
pressure at 27.1 mbs while the highest recorded vapor pressure is during the month of June with 30.0
mbs.
MEAN SEA LEVEL PRESSURE
The mean sea level pressure is the force exerted by the weight of the atmosphere on a unit area at
mean sea level. It is the atmospheric pressure at mean sea level.
The average annual mean sea level pressure is1010.1 mbs. The lowest mbs and the highest recorded sea
level temperature are 101.7 mbs, which is recorded during the month of January and February.
PREVAILING WINDS
The direction of prevailing wind is the most frequently observed during period while the average wind
speed in the meter per second is the arithmetic average of the observed wind speed.
The prevailing wind during the month of January to April is the Northeast with a recorded speed of 2
mps. It shifted to Southwest in May to September with a speed of 1 mp during the month of May to
June and speed of 2 mps from July to September. From October to December the prevailing winds
returned to Northeast with a speed of 2mps. The annual average prevailing wind is northeast with 2 mps
wind speed.
Generally, Calaca belongs to Type I climate characterized by having two pronounced season: wet, from
May to October; and dry, from November to April.
LAND CAPABILITY
The coastal ecosystem has land capability class moderate soil condition limitations with shallow profile,
low fertility, doughtiness, and slight salinity. Those adjacent to streams and rivers have low to medium
fertility, susceptible to seasonal overflow, and have a slight soil condition limitation.
The lowland ecosystem has a land capability class of slight soil condition limitation, with deep soil profile
having loamy to clayey soil with none to slight flooding hazard and possible severe erosion in some
areas.
The upland ecosystems have moderate soil condition limitation with none to slight flooding hazard
severe erosion.
SOIL SUITABILITY
The coastal ecosystem has the moderate to high suitability rating for residential and recreational use.
Agriculture is not generally advisable in this ecosystem.
The lowland ecosystem is moderately and high suitable for residential, recreational and light industry
purposes. Wet diversified crops, pasture tree crops and industrial trees are fairly to moderately suitable
in this area.
The upland ecosystem has moderate to high suitability for residential and recreational use. Barangay
Bambang, Bisaya, Tamayo and Cahil have poor to moderate suitability for residential and recreational
uses. All these Barangays, however, have high suitability for forest use.
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
Health and nutrition Services
Generally, our delivery or health and nutrition services reveal a good level of condition. This may be
attributed to the following condition: (1) Organize and functional local health board which prepares the
annual budget for the operation and maintenance of health and services facilities and give advice on
health matters; (2) Adequate and functional barangay health centers and health workers (LUNAS
Kalusugan); (3) Adequate number of municipal health workers; (4) Serviceable medical and dental
equipment (5) Involvement of non-government and civil organization.
Figure below shows the top three diseases of the municipality.
TOP THREE DISEASES
LGU AVERAGE
1. Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection and Pneumonia
103.69
2. Hypertension
13.19
3. Diarrhea
11.79

Infant and child mortality rates decreased from 4 to 0 deaths Program/efforts that were implemented
are (1) Expanded Program on Immunization (2) Early childhood development (3) Bright Child which is an
integrated approach to deal with the physical, emotional and educational requirements of raising a
bright child.
Findings from the maternal mortality showed a declining trend. These positive findings maybe attributed
to the following observations: (1) proportion of births attended by health professionals; (2) Percentage
of births delivered in a health facility; (3) Prenatal and post-natal care coverage; (4) Percentage of those
injected with tetanus toxoid and provision of iron table supplements. Aside from this, the municipal
government continuously conducted programs on safe motherhood and family planning services such
as: IEC, Trainings on gender sensitivity or GAD Program, Breast feeding program, etc.
Medical, dental and other social services were regularly done to various barangays under the Nas Nas
Barangayan Program.
Education Services
In general, the delivery of basic education in this municipality showed a positive level of condition. This
condition must be related to the following: (1) Organized and functional municipal school board that
met at least once a month to discuss the annual plan and budget of the Special Education Fund (SEF).
The board has fairly utilized the SEF with P3,355,956.28 out of the total amount of P3,794,000.00 spent
for its PPAs. It reflects 88.45% utilization of its budget for education. The biggest chunk of the SEF is
devoted to Repair and Maintenance of School Facilities.
As a result, the literacy rate, being a key impact indicator of education sector, is high with 3.10% in
school year 2005. This is attributed to the presence of number of school in the municipality.
Graduation rate in secondary education marks above the benchmark of 85% - 90%. CY 2005 shows that
4,321 were enrolled in high school, 1,076 graduated in the same year.
Housing and Basic Utilities
Calaca has a total of 12,206 household. The Municipal Mayor, in his capacity as Local Chief Executive is
extending outmost assistance to Gawad Kalinga for the less fortunate families of the locality.
Potable water supply is sufficient in the municipality. Record shows that 100% of the total households
have access to potable water.
There are various barangays covered by level III system operated by the cooperative which pumps water
from ground sources and distributed to all residents.
Other sources of water in the municipality are deep well and spring which augment the needed supply
of safe drinking in the municipality. In compliance to sanitation regulations and standards, 8,489
households have sanitary water sealed of flush toilets.
Electricity is provided to 100% households. Telephone companies like Globe and Continental accorded
landline connection to households. With the latest installation of cell sites in the area, some people have
access to the state of the art communications facilities. In addition, municipality have accessed to postal
services, telegraphic services and the public calling stations of the continental.
Peace, Security and Disaster Preparedness
The municipality is considered one of the most peaceful municipalities in the Province. Average crime
rate for the Year2005 was .27%. This is an indication that police force has been doing their job despite
the lack of manpower and the increasing population of the municipality.
For the year 2005 10 crimes were recorded as index crimes. Those are serious crime in nature such as
murder, rape, homicide, physical injury, robbery and left. Hence most of the crime incidence were
occurring in the municipality are petty crimes and violations of ordinances.
The Municipal Peace and Order Council (MPDC), Peoples Law Enforcement Board (PLEB) and the
Womens and Childrens Desk are present in the LGU. All other requirements as to the effectiveness of
these councils are met such as conduct of meetings.
Programs, projects and activities on Peace and Order are being implemented by the local PNP to its
fullest measure. Barangay intelligence networks are organized in all of the barangays and are always
keeping and touch with the PNP.
In addition to peace and order programs the municipality had organized the Municipal Disaster
Coordinating Council which plans, implements and monitors programs and projects before, during after
calamities. Every quarter, the council meets to assess and monitors the implementation of the programs
and to provide assistance to the Barangay Disaster Coordinating Committees.
ADMINISTRATIVE AND POLITICAL STRUCTURE
Municipal Mayor
Hon. Sofronio Manuel C. Ona
Vice-Mayor
Hon. Renante L. Macalindong

Sangguniang Bayan Members:
Councilor
Hon. Deovic M. Ontangco
Councilor
Hon. Emilyn D. Alcazar
Councilor
Hon. Robenson M. Sale
Councilor
Hon. Rexner Jown V. Pastoral
Councilor
Hon. Ma. Vicenta L. Vidal
Councilor
Hon. Divina A. Opelanio
Councilor
Hon. Jerry Raphael I. Katigbak
Councilor
Hon. Orlando E. Noche
ABC President
Hon. Felipe D. Gatdula