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DESIGN OF AIR DUCT

DESIGN CONDITIONS:

Inside room conditions


Temperature -----------------------------------------------------22

C DB

-----------------------------------------------------16

C WB

Outside room conditions


Temperature -----------------------------------------------------34

C DB

-----------------------------------------------------27

15

C WB

Temperature of supply air

----------------------------------------------

Mass of outside air,mo

-----------------------------------------

10 % of m S

Mass of recirculated air, mR -----------------------------------------

90 % of m S

21

Air Properties
From ASHRAE PSYCHROMETRIC CHART, M.E.T.C, page 75
Outside room conditions, @ 32
WO 0.0199

C DB & 27 o C WB

kg v
m3
kJ
; O 0.898
; hO 85.6
kg da
kg
kg

Inside room conditions, @ 22


WO 0.0089

C DB & 16 o C WB

kg v
m3
kJ
; O 0.848
; hO 45
kg da
kg
kg

Mass of supply air, mS


Q s = m S c pa ( t r - t s ) ; m S =

Qs
c pa ( t r - t s )

Where:
mS = mass of supply air
c pa

= specific heat of air, 1.0062

kJ

kg

t r = inside room temperature, 22 C


t s = supply air temperature, 15 C

Therefore,
mS

230.037 kW
kg
32.66
sec

kJ
22 - 15 O K
1.0062
O

kg
K

Mass of outside air, mO


mS = m1 = m4 ; mo + mR

22

Where:
mS = mass of supply air, 32.66 kg s

mR = mass of recirculated air, 90 % of m S

Therefore,
mO m S 1 0.9 32.66 kg sec 1 0.9 3.266 kg sec
o

Volume flow rate of outside air, V


VO = mO O

Where:
m O = mass of outside air, 3.266 kg s

O = specific volume of outside air, 0.898 m 3 kg

Therefore,
kg
m3
m3

2.93
VO 3.266
0.898
sec
kg
sec

Mass of recirculated air, m


m S mo m R ; m R m S

mO

Where:
mS = mass of supply air, 32.66 kg s
m O = mass of outside air, 3.266 kg sec

Therefore,
m R 32.66 kg sec 3.266 kg sec 29.39 kg sec

Volume flow rate of recirculated air, VR


V R = m R i

23

Where:
m R = mass of recirculated air, 29.39 kg s
i = specific volume of inside air, 0.848 m 3 kg

Therefore,
kg
m3
m3

24.93
V R 29.39
0.848
sec
kg
sec

Temperature of air entering the AHU, t2


From the figure, considering point 2

By temperature balance,
mo t O m R t 4 m S t 2 ; t 2

mo t O m R t 4
mS

Where:
m O = mass of outside air, 3.266 kg sec
t O = temperature of outside air, 34

m R = mass of recirculated air, 29.93 kg s


t 4 = inside air temperature, 22 o C
mS = mass of supply air, 32.66 kg s

Therefore,
t2

3.266 kg

sec 34

C 29.93 kg sec 22
32.66 kg sec
O

Capacity of AHU, QAHU


QCDA = mS ( h4 - h1 )

Where:
24

23.56

mS = mass of supply air, 32.66 kg s

h4 = enthalpy of air entering the AHU, kJ kg


h1 = enthalpy of air leaving the AHU, kJ kg

Enthalpy of air entering the AHU, h2


From the figure, considering point 2

By heat balance,
mo hO m R h4 m S h2 ; h2

mo hO m R h4
mS

Where:
m O = mass of outside air, 3.266 kg sec
hO = enthalpy of outside air, 85.6 kJ kg

m R = mass of recirculated air, 29.93 kg s

h4 = enthalpy of recirculated air, 45 kJ kg


mS = mass of supply air, 32.66 kg s

Therefore,
h4

3.266 kg

sec 85.6 kJ kg 29.93 kg sec 45 kJ kg


kJ
49.8
32.66 kg sec
kg

Enthalpy of air leaving the AHU, h3


QT m S h4 - h3 ; h3 h4 -

Where:

25

QT
mS

QT = total heat load, 476.228 kWT


mS = mass of supply air, 32.66 kg s

h4 = enthalpy of inside air, 45 kJ kg

Therefore,
h3 45

476.228 kWT
kJ
kJ
30.42
kg
32.66 kg sec
kg

Thus,
kg
kJ

Q AHU 32.66
632.9 kW or 179.98 TOR
49.8 - 30.42
sec
kg

Volume of supply air, VS


V S = m S 1

Where:
mS = mass of supply air, 32.66 kg s

1 = specific volume of supply air, m3 kg

From ASHRAE PSYCHROMETRIC CHART, M.E.T.C, page 75


@ 15 O C DB & h1 30.42 kJ kg
1 0.824

m3
kg

Therefore,

VS 32.66 kg sec 0.824 m 3 kg 26.9

26

m3
sec

AIR DUCT SIZING


DESIGN CONDITIONS:
Volume flow rate of supply air
Duct dimensions
W = 4H
No. of units
2
No. of branch take-off
5

----------------------------------- 26.9 m 3 sec

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

No. of outlet per branch take off


4

------------------------------------

Method of calculation -----------------------------------------------------Fitting data


--------------------------

0. 2

-----------------------------------

90 O

Elbow, inner & outer radii ratio


Angle, turns and branches

27

Volume flow rate of supply air per branch take-off, QB


QB

VS
Number o Branch Take

off

26.9 m 3 sec
m3
5.38
5
sec

Volume flow rate of supply air per outlet, QO


QO

Volume Flow Rate of Supply Air per Branch Take - off


Number of Outlets

5.38 m 3 sec
m3
1.345
4
sec

Duct Sizes
For the main duct, from the fan outlet to point O,

From figure 6-2, Pressure drop in straight, circular, sheet metal ducts,
REFRIGERATION AND AIRCONDITIONING by Stoecker & Jones, page 107.
For a volume flow rate of supply air of, QFO 26.9 m 3 s and a P 1.5 Pa

m,

Deq. f 1.436 m .

From equation 6-8, REFRIGERATION AND AIRCONDITIONING by Stoecker


& Jones, page 108

28

Deq. f

0.625

ab
1.30
a b 0.25

Where:
a = H = height of the rectangular duct, m
b = W = width of the rectangular duct, m

Substituting, W 4 H to the equation above


Deq. f

0.625

HW
1.30
H W 0.25

4H
1.30

2 0.625

5H 0.25

0.625

4
H 1.25
1.30
5 0.25 H 0.25

2.0677 H

Thus,
H 0.4836 Deq. f working equation

For the height, H FO


H FO 0.4836 1.436 m 0.694 m

For the width, WFO


WFO 4 0.694 m 2.78 m

For the size of duct, AFO


AFO H FO x WFO 0.694 m x 2.78 m 1.93 m 2 1930 mm 2

Run O to A, two branch take off supplied

29

From figure 6-2, Pressure drop in straight, circular, sheet metal ducts,
REFRIGERATION AND AIRCONDITIONING by Stoecker & Jones, page 107.
3
For a volume flow rate of supply air of, QOA 26.9 m s and a P

1.5 Pa m ,

Deq . f 1.436 m .

Therefore,
H OA 0.4836 1.436 m 0.694 m
WOA 4 0.694 m 2.78 m

AOA H OA x WOA 0.694 m x 2.78 m 1.93 m 2 1930 mm 2

Run A to B, two branch take off supplied

From figure 6-2, Pressure drop in straight, circular, sheet metal ducts,
REFRIGERATION AND AIRCONDITIONING by Stoecker & Jones, page 107.
3
3
For a volume flow rate of supply air of, QOB 5.38 m s 4 21.52 m s

P 1.5 Pa m ,

Deq. f 1.306 m

Therefore,

30

H OB 0.4836 1.306 m 0.6316 m


WOB 4 0.324 m 2.52 m

AOB H OB x WOB 0.6316 m x 2.52 m 1.59 m 2

Run B to C, 3 Branch take off supplied,

From figure 6-2, Pressure drop in straight, circular, sheet metal ducts,
REFRIGERATION AND AIRCONDITIONING by Stoecker & Jones, page 107.
For a volume flow rate of supply air of, Q BA ( 5.38 m 3 s )(3) 16.14 m 3 s
P 1.5 Pa m ,

Deq. f 1.186 m

Therefore,
H BA 0.4836 1.186 m 0.5735 m
W BC 4 0.5735 m 2.29 m

ABA H BA x WBA 0.5735 m x 2.29 m 1.316 m 2

31

Run C to D, 4 branch take off supplied

From figure 6-2, Pressure drop in straight, circular, sheet metal ducts,
REFRIGERATION AND AIRCONDITIONING by Stoecker & Jones, page 107.
QOC 5.38 m 3 s 2 10.76 m 3 s & P 1.5 Pa m ,
Deq . f 0.966 m

Therefore,
H OC 0.4836 0.966 m 0.467 m
WOC 4 0.467 m 1.868 m

AOC H OC x WOC 0.467 m x 1.868 m 0.873 m 2

Run D to E, 5 branch take - off supplied

From figure 6-2, Pressure drop in straight, circular, sheet metal ducts,
REFRIGERATION AND AIRCONDITIONING by Stoecker & Jones, page 107.
QCD 5.38 m 3 s & P 1.5 Pa m ,

32

Deq . f 0.756 m

Therefore,
H CD 0.4836 0.756 m 0.3656 m
WCD 4 0.3656 m 1.46 m

ACD H CD x WCD 0.3656 m x 1.46 m 0.5338 m 2

Branch outlet dimensions


Note:
Since the number of outlets in each branch take off are equal for the whole
system, only one branch take off will be considered in computing for the duct
dimensions and the values obtained will be replicated in all seven (7) branch outlets.

Considering Branch Take off A,

Run A 1, 4 outlets supplied


From figure 6-2, Pressure drop in straight, circular, sheet metal ducts,
REFRIGERATION AND AIRCONDITIONING by Stoecker & Jones, page 107.
For a volume flow rate of supply air of, Q A1 5.38 m 3 s
P 1.5 Pa m ,

Deq. f 0.756 m

Therefore,
33

H A1 0.4836 0.756 m 0.3656 m


W A1 4 0.3656 m 1.4624 m

AA1 H A1 x W A1 0.3656 m x 1.4624 m 0.5347 m 2

Run 1 2, 3 outlets supplied


From figure 6-2, Pressure drop in straight, circular, sheet metal ducts,
REFRIGERATION AND AIRCONDITIONING by Stoecker & Jones, page 107.

For a volume flow rate of supply air of, Q12 1.345 m 3 s 3 4.035 m 3 s
P 1.5 Pa m ,

Deq. f 0.7 m

Therefore,
H 12 0.4836 0.7 m 0.33852 m

W12 4 0.33852 m 1.354 m


A12 H 12 x W12 0.33852 m x 1.354 m 0.4584 m 2

Run 2 3, 2 outlets supplied


From figure 6-2, Pressure drop in straight, circular, sheet metal ducts,
REFRIGERATION AND AIRCONDITIONING by Stoecker & Jones, page 107.
3
3
For a volume flow rate of supply air of, Q23 1.345 m s 2 2.69 m s

P 1.5 Pa m ,

Deq. f 0.58 m

Therefore,
H 23 0.4836 0.58 m 0.28 m
W23 4 0.28 m 1.122 m

A23 H 23 x W23 0.28 m x 1.122 m 0.314 m 2

34

Run 3 4, 1 outlets supplied


From figure 6-2, Pressure drop in straight, circular, sheet metal ducts,
REFRIGERATION AND AIRCONDITIONING by Stoecker & Jones, page 107.
3
For a volume flow rate of supply air of, Q34 1.345 m s

P 1.5 Pa m ,

Deq . f 0.43 m

Therefore,
H 34 0.4836 0.43 m 0.208 m
W34 4 0.208 m 0.832 m

A34 H 34 x W34 0.208 m x 0.832 m 0.173 m 2

Air Velocity,

Q = A ; =

Q
A

Where:

= velocity of air,
Q = volume

m s

of supply air, m 3 s

A = area of the air duct, m 2


Branch take - off
From fan outlet to branch take off O, FO
35

FA

QF 0
26.9 m 3 sec

13.937 m sec
AF 0
1.93 m 2

Where:
QFO = 26.9 m 3 s
AFO = 1.93 m 2

Run A-B, AB
AB

Q AB
21.52 m 3 sec

13.53 m sec
AAB
1.59 m 2

Where:
Q AB = 21.52 m 3 s

AAB = 1.59 m 2

Run B -C, BC
BC

Q BC
16.14 m 3 sec

12.26 m sec
ABC
1.316 m 2

Where:
Q BC = 16.14 m 3 s
ABC = 1.316 m 2

Run C - D, CD
CD

QCD
10.76 m 3 sec

12.325 m sec
ACD
0.873 m 2

Where:
QCD = 10.76 m 3 s

36

ACD = 0.873 m 2

Run D - E, DE
DE

5.38 m 3 sec
10.078 m sec
0.5338 m 2

Q DE

ADE

Where:
Q DE = 5.38 m 3 s
ADE = 0.5338 m 2

Branch Outlets
Note:
Since the number of outlets in each branch take off are equal for the whole
system, only one branch take off will be considered in computing for the duct velocities
and the values obtained will be replicated in all seven (7) branch outlets.

Run A - 1, A1
A1

5.38 m 3 sec
10.06 m sec
0.5347 m 2

Q A1

AA1

Where:
Q A1 = 5.38 m 3 s
A A1 = 0.5347 m 2

Run 1 - 2, 12
12

Q12

A12

4.035 m 3 sec
8.802 m sec
0.4584 m 2

37

Where:
Q12 = 4.035 m 3 s
A12 = 0.4584 m 2

Run 2 - 3, 23
23

Q23

A23

2.69 m 3 sec
8.57 m sec
0.314 m 2

Where:
Q23 = 2.69 m 3 s

A23 = 0.314 m 2

Run 3 - 4, 34
34

Q34

A34

1.345 m 3 sec
7.77 m sec
0.173 m 2

Where:
Q34 = 1.345 m 3 s
A34 = 0.173 m 2

Determination of Pressure Drops

38

Considering the Run FOA A1 A 2 A3 A 4

Run FO, Straight Duct


PFO LFO P m 4.6387 m 1.5 Pa m 6.958 Pa

Run O, Turn
From figure 6 8, Pressure losses in rectangular elbows, REFRIGERATION
and AIRCONDITONING by: Stoecker & Jones, page 113
For a width to height ratio (W/H) equal to 4, inner and outer radius ratio of 0.20

2 PTOB

(v ) ( )
2

OB

= 0.25

air

Where:
air = density of supply air, kg / m

vOB = velocity of air in run O, 13.937 m / sec

From table 6 2, Viscosity and Density of dry air at standard atmospheric


pressure, REFRIGERATION and AIRCONDITONING by: Stoecker & Jones, page 106
Temperature
O
C
10

Viscosity ,
Pa - s
17.708
39

Density ,
kg / m3
1.2467

20

18.178

1.2041
0

Since the temperature of the supply air is at 15 C, by interpolation,


@ 15 C = 1.2254 kg / m3
Therefore,
POT 0.25

vOB 2 air
2

0.25

13.937

m sec 1.2254 kg m 3
2
2

29.75 Pa

Run OA, Straight Duct


POA LOA P m 10.4360 m 1.5 Pa m 15.654 Pa

Branch take off A, Turn


From figure 6 8, Pressure losses in rectangular elbows, REFRIGERATION and
AIRCONDITONING by: Stoecker & Jones, page 113
For a width to height ratio (W/H) equal to 4, inner and outer radius ratio of 0.20

2 PAT
0.25
v AT 2 air
Where:
air = density of supply air, 1.2254 kg / m

v AT = velocity of air in run OA, 13.937 m / sec

Therefore,
PAT 0.25

vOB 2 air
2

0.25

13.937 m

sec 1.2254 kg m 3
2
2

Run AA1, Straight Duct


PAA1 L AA1 P m 2.1703 m 1.5 Pa m 3.255 Pa

40

29.75 Pa

Run AA2, Straight Duct


PAA2 L AA2 P m 5.7749 m 1.5 Pa m 8.6623 Pa

Run AA3, Straight Duct


PAA3 L AA3 P m 9.613 m 1.5 Pa m 14.4195 Pa

Run AA4, Straight Duct


PAA4 L AA4 P m 12.4634 m 1.5 Pa m 18.6951 Pa

Therefore,

PFOA 4 PFO POT POA PAT PAA1 PAA2 PAA3 PAA4

6.958 29.75 15.654 29.75 3.225 8.6623 14.4195 18.6951 Pa

PFOBA7 127.1439 Pa

Considering the Run FOBB1 B 2 B 3 B 4

41

Run FO, Straight Duct


PFO LFO P m 4.6387 m 1.5 Pa m 6.958 Pa

Run O, Turn
From figure 6 8, Pressure losses in rectangular elbows, REFRIGERATION
and AIRCONDITONING by: Stoecker & Jones, page 113
For a width to height ratio (W/H) equal to 4, inner and outer radius ratio of 0.29

2 PTOB
0.25
vTO 2 air
Where:
air = density of supply air, 1.2254 kg / m

vTO = velocity of air in run OB, 13.937 m / sec

PTO 0.25

vTO

air

Therefore,
2

13.937 m sec 1.2254 kg m 3


0.25
2

29.75 Pa

Branch take off A, Duct Straight Through


From Equation 6 16, REFRIGERATION and AIRONDITIONING by Stoecker
& Jones, page 114

42

V 2 air 0.4
OA

PDST A

V
1 OA
V AB

PDST A

13.53 m

sec 1.2254
0.4 1 13.53
2
13.937

PDST A 0.038 Pa

Run OB, Turn


From figure 6 8, Pressure losses in rectangular elbows, REFRIGERATION
and AIRCONDITONING by: Stoecker & Jones, page 113
For a width to height ratio (W/H) equal to 4, inner and outer radius ratio of 0.29

2 PTOB

vTOB 2 air

0.25

Where:
air = density of supply air, 1.2254 kg / m

vTOB = velocity of air in run OB, 13.53 m / sec

PTOB 0.25

vTOB

air

Therefore,
13.53 m sec 2 1.2254 kg m3
0.25
2

Run OB, Straight Duct


POB LOB P m 18.136 m 1.5 Pa m 27.204 Pa

43

28.04 Pa

Run BB1, Straight Duct


PBB1 LBB1 P m 2.3628 m 1.5 Pa m 3.5442 Pa

Run BB2, Straight Duct


PBB 2 LBB 2 P m 5.9674 m 1.5 Pa m 8.9511 Pa

Run BB3, Straight Duct


PBB3 LBB 3 P m 9.8055 m 1.5 Pa m 14.708 Pa

Run BB4, Straight Duct


PBB 4 LBB 4 P m 12.6559 m 1.5 Pa m 18.9838 Pa

Therefore,

PFOBB1B 2 B 3 B 4 PFO PTO PDSTA PTOB POB PBB1 PBB 2 PBB 3 PBB 4

6.958 29.75 0.038 28.04 27.204 3.5442 8.9511 14.708 18.9838


PFOBA7 138.1771 Pa

Considering the Run FOCC 1C 2 C 3C 4

44

Run FO, Straight Duct


PFO LFO P m 4.6387 m 1.5 Pa m 6.958 Pa

Run O, Turn
From figure 6 8, Pressure losses in rectangular elbows, REFRIGERATION
and AIRCONDITONING by: Stoecker & Jones, page 113
For a width to height ratio (W/H) equal to 4, inner and outer radius ratio of 0.29

2 PTOB
0.25
vTO 2 air
Where:
air = density of supply air, 1.2254 kg / m

vTO = velocity of air in run OB, 13.937 m / sec

PTO 0.25

vTO

air

Therefore,
2

13.937 m sec 1.2254 kg m 3


0.25
2

Branch take off A, Duct Straight Through

45

29.75 Pa

From Equation 6 16, REFRIGERATION and AIRONDITIONING by Stoecker


& Jones, page 114
PDST A

V 2 air 0.4
OA

V
1 OA
V AB

PDST A

13.53 m

sec 1.2254
0.4 1 13.53
2
13.937

PDST A 0.038 Pa

Branch take off B, Duct Straight Through


From Equation 6 16, REFRIGERATION and AIRONDITIONING by Stoecker
& Jones, page 114
PDST B

V 2 air 0.4
BC

12.26 m

sec 1.2254
0.4 1 12.26
2
13.53

0.03245 Pa

PDST B
PDST B

V
1 OB
VBC

Run OC, Turn


From figure 6 8, Pressure losses in rectangular elbows, REFRIGERATION
and AIRCONDITONING by: Stoecker & Jones, page 113
For a width to height ratio (W/H) equal to 4, inner and outer radius ratio of 0.29

2 PTOC
0.25
vTOC 2 air
Where:
air = density of supply air, 1.2254 kg / m

vTOC = velocity of air in run OB, 12.26 m / sec

46

PTOC 0.25

vTOC

air

Therefore,
12.26 m sec 2 1.2254 kg m 3
0.25
2

23.0234 Pa

Run OC, Straight Duct


POC LOC P m 25.836 m 1.5 Pa m 38.754 Pa

Run CC1, Straight Duct


PCC1 LCC1 P m 2.4153 m 1.5 Pa m 3.623 Pa

Run CC2, Straight Duct


PCC 2 LCC 2 P m 6.0199 m 1.5 Pa m 9.02985 Pa

Run CC3, Straight Duct


PCC 3 LCC 3 P m 9.858 m 1.5 Pa m 14.787 Pa

Run CC4, Straight Duct


PCC 4 LCC 4 P m 12.7084 m 1.5 Pa m 19.0626 Pa

Therefore,

47

PFOCC1C2C3C4 PFO PTO PDSTA PDSTB PTOC POC PCC1 PCC2 PCC3
6.958 29.75 0.038 0.03245 23.0234 38.754 3.623
Pa

9.02985 14.787 19.0626

PFOCC1C2C3C4 145.0583 Pa
Considering the Run FODD1 D 2 D 3 D 4

Run FO, Straight Duct


PFO LFO P m 4.6387 m 1.5 Pa m 6.958 Pa

Run O, Turn

48

From figure 6 8, Pressure losses in rectangular elbows, REFRIGERATION


and AIRCONDITONING by: Stoecker & Jones, page 113
For a width to height ratio (W/H) equal to 4, inner and outer radius ratio of 0.29

2 PTOB
0.25
vTO 2 air
Where:
air = density of supply air, 1.2254 kg / m

vTO = velocity of air in run OB, 13.937 m / sec

PTO 0.25

vTO

air

Therefore,
13.937 m sec 2 1.2254 kg m 3
0.25
2

29.75 Pa

Branch take off A, Duct Straight Through


From Equation 6 16, REFRIGERATION and AIRONDITIONING by Stoecker
& Jones, page 114
PDST A
PDST A

VOA 2 air 0.4

13.53 m

VOA
V AB

sec 1.2254
0.4 1 13.53
2
13.937

PDST A 0.038 Pa

Branch take off B, Duct Straight Through


From Equation 6 16, REFRIGERATION and AIRONDITIONING by Stoecker
& Jones, page 114

49

PDST B

V 2 air 0.4
BC

12.26 m

sec 1.2254
0.4 1 12.26
2
13.53

0.03245 Pa

PDST B
PDST B

V
1 OB
VBC

Branch take off C, Duct Straight Through


From Equation 6 16, REFRIGERATION and AIRONDITIONING by Stoecker
& Jones, page 114
PDSTC

V 2 air 0.4
OC

PDSTC

sec 1.2254
0.4 1 12.325
2
12.26

0.001046 Pa

PDSTC

12.325 m

V
1 OC
VBC

Run OD, Turn


From figure 6 8, Pressure losses in rectangular elbows, REFRIGERATION
and AIRCONDITONING by: Stoecker & Jones, page 113
For a width to height ratio (W/H) equal to 4, inner and outer radius ratio of 0.29

2 PTOD
0.25
vTOD 2 air
Where:
air

= density of supply air, 1.2254 kg / m3

vTOD = velocity of air in run OD, 12.325 m / sec

50

PTOD 0.25

vTOD

air

Therefore,
12.325 m sec 2 1.2254 kg m 3
0.25
2

Run OD, Straight Duct


POD LOD P m 33.536 m 1.5 Pa m 50.304 Pa

Run DD1, Straight Duct


PDD1 LDD1 P m 1.9931 m 1.5 Pa m 2.9896 Pa

Run DD2, Straight Duct


PDD 2 LDD 2 P m 5.904 m 1.5 Pa m 8.856 Pa

Run DD3, Straight Duct


PDD3 LDD3 P m 8.6386 m 1.5 Pa m 12.9579 Pa

Run DD4, Straight Duct


PDD4 LDD4 P m 11.1831 m 1.5 Pa m 16.7746 Pa

Therefore,

51

23.268 Pa

PFODD1D2D3D4 PFO PTO PDSTA PDSTB PDSTD PTOD POD PDD1 PDD2
6.958 29.75 0.038 0.03245 0.001046 23.268 50.304
Pa

2.9896 8.856 12.9579 16.7746

FODD1D 2 D 3D 4

151.932 Pa

Considering the Run FOEE 1 E 2 E 3 E 4

Run FO, Straight Duct

52

PFO LFO P m 4.6387 m 1.5 Pa m 6.958 Pa

Run O, Turn
From figure 6 8, Pressure losses in rectangular elbows, REFRIGERATION
and AIRCONDITONING by: Stoecker & Jones, page 113
For a width to height ratio (W/H) equal to 4, inner and outer radius ratio of 0.29

2 PTOB
0.25
vTO 2 air
Where:
air = density of supply air, 1.2254 kg / m

vTO = velocity of air in run OB, 13.937 m / sec

PTO 0.25

vTO

air

Therefore,
13.937 m sec 2 1.2254 kg m 3
0.25
2

29.75 Pa

Branch take off A, Duct Straight Through


From Equation 6 16, REFRIGERATION and AIRONDITIONING by Stoecker
& Jones, page 114
PDST A

V 2 air 0.4
OA

PDST A

V
1 OA
V AB

13.53 m

sec 1.2254
0.4 1 13.53
2
13.937

PDST A 0.038 Pa

53

Branch take off B, Duct Straight Through


From Equation 6 16, REFRIGERATION and AIRONDITIONING by Stoecker
& Jones, page 114
PDST B

12.26 m

VOB
VBC

sec 1.2254
0.4 1 12.26
2
13.53

0.03245 Pa

PDST B
PDST B

VOB 2 air 0.4

Branch take off C, Duct Straight Through


From Equation 6 16, REFRIGERATION and AIRONDITIONING by Stoecker
& Jones, page 114
PDSTC

12.325 m

VOC
VCD

sec 1.2254
0.4 1 12.325
2
12.26

0.001046 Pa

PDSTC
PDSTC

VOC 2 air 0.4

Branch take off D, Duct Straight Through


From Equation 6 16, REFRIGERATION and AIRONDITIONING by Stoecker
& Jones, page 114

54

V 2 air 0.4
OD

PDST D

PDST D

10.078 m

V
1 OD
VDE

sec 1.2254
0.4 1 10.078
2
12.325

PDST D 0.827 Pa

Run OE, Turn


From figure 6 8, Pressure losses in rectangular elbows, REFRIGERATION
and AIRCONDITONING by: Stoecker & Jones, page 113
For a width to height ratio (W/H) equal to 4, inner and outer radius ratio of 0.29

2 PTOE
0.25
vTOE 2 air
Where:
air = density of supply air, 1.2254 kg / m

vTOE = velocity of air in run OD, 10.078 m / sec

PTOE 0.25

vTOE

air

Therefore,
10.078 m sec 2 1.2254 kg m 3
0.25
2

Run OE, Straight Duct


POE LOE P m 41.236 m 1.5 Pa m 61.854 Pa

Run EE1, Straight Duct


PEE1 LEE1 P m 2.1971 m 1.5 Pa m 3.295 Pa

55

15.557 Pa

Run EE2, Straight Duct


PEE 2 LEE 2 P m 5.5437 m 1.5 Pa m 8.316 Pa

Run EE3, Straight Duct


PEE 3 LEE 3 P m 8.4626 m 1.5 Pa m 12.6939 Pa

Run EE4, Straight Duct


PEE 4 LEE 4 P m 11.20005 m 1.5 Pa m 16.8 Pa

Therefore,

PFOEE1E2E3E4 PFO PTO PDSTA PDSTB PDSTC PDSTD PTOE POE PEE1
6.958 29.75 0.038 0.03245 0.001046 0.827 15.557 61.854
Pa

3.295 8.316 12.6939 16.8

FOEE1E 2 E 3 E 4

156.122 Pa

56

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