- Beaj

A123
{ffi o".tnn.oon
StandardSpegificationfor
Zinc (Hot-DipGalvanized)Coatingson lron and Steel
Productsr
Thit dondad is irsucd utr&r ihc 6xcd dAignation A 123;thc numter immcdiately folowiDg rhc dcsisrstion ildicat s lhe v.ar of
origilrl qdoprionor, jo r!- cas! ofr.v'5loq thc yt5r of I!s! rwilioD, A rutnbq iD patlorn.lb iruiotcs [l'e
rtar ot t*r ,*ppr&"1 a
super!.riF .gilotr (.) lrdlcrrca an .ditorial changciDc! th! la$ rcvisionor rap!|Iovd.

hzt P, apyovedloruse.byogenciec
oI theDelqfta4n!olDqalse.CotrulttheDOD Indarof Spo'ifio,tlo,.qrd
Tlk tfilll?t'
Statdar&for
the3peqftcyear di$ue vhidr hat beatadoptdbf theDeparned ofDdente
'' Ndfs-PalESraph
.f.6wa! conectcrlcdirorisltyin Fc6rualrito:

l...Scope
.1.1 This specificationcoversthc rcquircmentsfor zitrc
coatilg(galEnizing)by the hotdip processon iron andstisl
productsmade from rolled pressdand forgd sbaps,
plate+barq,and strips,
castings,
. 1.2 this specifcalioncove$ botb unfabricatedproducts
pmductqfor example,assembled
and.fabricated
stelproducts,structuralsteelfabrications,lsrggtubes.skeildybent or
weldedbcforegslvanizitr&aad wire work .fabdcatedtbm
uncoaledsteel.wi!e. This spciricationalso covti sleel
forgingcandiron castings
iacorporatedinto piecesfabricatcd
beforegalvanizingor which arc too largeto bc cenfrifugFd
(or otherwisehandledto rrtroveer(cessgalviinizing,bath
ndal).
NorE l-This spcclficatioq @ve6 tbose FodEca prcviousiy addresscdia Specif,cati,ons
A 123-78ard A 38678.

A 153Specificationfor Ziric Codting(Hot-Dip) otr lron

anc Jleet Ha.tdwarer

A364 kacdce for Safeguardhg Against WarDaggnd
Distodio! _Dqring Hot-Dip Galvatizing of Steet
Assembliesr

A l_{5 Pggc1igc
fo1 ProvidinsHigh{uality Zinc Coatings
(Hot-Dip)'
iq'780 Practiccfo"rRepair of DamagedHot-Dip calva:
nrzeoLoaEDgS"
B 6 Specificationfor Zinc (StabZinc).
B 602TstMethodfor AttributeSamoliry of Metaf&cand
. InqrganicCoatingss
E 376Practicefor MasuringCoatingThicknessby Magor Eddy-Curhnt (Electroma$etic) Tesr
l*gFgj
Methodf,
3. ordering Infornadon
3.1 Odn for co,rings providedundel this specification
shallincltrdethe following:
3.1.1 Quantity(number of piecesto be galvanized)atd
iotal wighl
3.1.f Descriplioa(1yprs
and sizof pmducts)atd yrigt
3.1.3 ASTM speciicationdesignationand yearofissra
3,1.4 Material idenb'fication(see4,1) and surfacecondition or contsmination
3,1.5 Semplingplan,ifdilferent from 6.3,
3.1,6 Specialtestrcquircments(se8?.1).
3.1.7 Special rEqufuem,eDts
Gpecial stacking, bavief
coatiDgrryeight,
etc,).
3.1.8 :taggingor pieceidentiication method.

1.3 This specificationdoesnot apply to wire, pipe,tube,

. or stelshotwhioh is galyanizcdo[ $eqializdor oodiriuousliles, or to stf,llessth{n 22 gage(0.0299in.) (0.76
mm) thick,
1.4 The galvadziDgof hadw?I itcms that arE to be
or othe.rwise
handldto rmow encess
zinc{such
centriftrged
asbolb and similar threadedfastIlers,castingsand rolled,
pressedaad forged itens) shall be. ir accordancewitl
A 153.
Specification
1.5 Tbe values stated.in inch-pound units are to be
asthe standard,
rgardd
Documelts
2. Rferemed

4. lvtaterialsard ntemfacture
4.1 Sleelor non-'the specificatibn,grade,or des{gnation
andtype ard degreofsurfaceconlaminalionofthe iron or
steelin articlesto be galvaaizedshall be suppliedby the
putEhascr
to the hotdp galvadzerprior to galvanizing.
pcrwttNorEz-Thc pnscncr
in steels
aarlrrel<tmeta!i[ certaio

2.1 ASTMSmndads:
A 47 Specificatio!for MalleableIron Casliry*
A 90 TestMethodfor Weightof Coatilg on Znc-Coated
Iron or Sieel&ticlef
{Galvaniz.ed)
A 143Pradicefor Safeguardiag
AgainstEmbrittlementof
Hot-Dip GalvanizedSlructuralStelkoducis and?rG,
cedurcfor DtectitrgEmbrittlement3

agqofsoee elemcrG$cb assilico!,tarbo!, aDdphospbolgs

1r!d! to
lhegrowthofltc zitrc.lroraloy laylr sottrattbccoatiogEay
aocehral
havea Eanefinishvith littlc or troouterzitc leye!.Thegalvadzi ba!
only liniled co lol overlhis coadiliorl Tbc rtars,6hato,ard amouat

tThb 6p6iRcationb udlr tlc juri.dbtion of ASTM eomn&t o A-5 on

MctsllicCoarrdtton and SrtcdProducsand is rhc dirccl Gaposiibi$9of
405.13on StruEornlSlapcsnd llardwanSpedficadons.
Subcosr.nitr.t
Odgiirly
Novat$.. 1989.
CrrrEnt.ditionapDrorcd
&pt' 2q t989.Publishcrt
4 A 123- 28T, Lrst prwiour.di{on A 123- 89.
Dubllshd
aAnnualRoohofASTMS,andtd,, Vol Ol,W.
sAnnul RNk ,JASTMSrttdods, Vol 01.06.

aA aA A@kofASfMSuadadt,voloz.0,5Annual
vol 92,05.
M ofAgIMStandar&,
6Anmal Bo* afASI*, &aadadt, YoL(/BP3.

l8

([Jh
a teg
TABLE2 CoatingTtrickte$eOradsConve'9iorsP

of cold *orking of lho goduct being galYoizd may also affec{ lhis
condition. Practic A385 provides gddalce on steel seleclion ald
discusstthc Gffectsof various elemenls in steet compositions(for
cxamplq siligen),that inlluerce coating lteigbt and appaBnc,

4.2 Fabrtcarion--Tfrc desiFt and fah'rication of thc

Droductto be galvanizedare the respousibilitiesof the
ie,signerand tbe fablicalor.PrEcticeA 143,PracticeA 384,
ard PracticeA 385provideguidaocefor steelfabricationfor
opdmun hot dip galvanizingand sbatlbe conpiled with in
both desicoaud fab,rication.Consulhtionbctweenthe dc
signer,fabricator,and galvanizeris desirableat appropriate
$agesin the designand fabricationproces.
.43 Cwtings-The compositionand heat teatlrent of
desig'
iron aadsteelcastingssballconformto specifications
Sometypesof castilgs havebeen
natedby the purchasef,.
kno*n to show potential problemswith ptdispositionto
being,enbrittled dudlg the normalthermalcvcleof hot-dip
eahaaizing,It is the responsibilityof the purchasrto beat
ireat or otber+'is!allowfor tbe possibilityof s,uchembrittlilg
to
phnomcnaThercquirementsfor mallesbleiron casdngs
A 47.
b salvalizdshatlbe asslaledin Speci6catiotr
{.q zinc-Tbe zinc used ir the galvanizingbath shall .
B 6. If a zirc aUoyis usedas the
conforo to Specifrcatiott
primaryfeed.toth Salvalizingbath,then the basematedal
B 6.
usedto makethat alloy shallconform!o Specification
4.5 Bath Composition-'the motter Eetal ir lhe working
volumeofthe galvanizinglrath shallconlainnot lessttaD an
valueof 98.070ziqc by weight
average

Thicl(rtess
Glade
a5
63
100

sftF
1.5
1,9
2.1
25
23
3.4
3.9

0.8

35
{5
66
65
75
&5
100

1.2
1.7
2.0
23

250
320
090
$0
515
a)5
710

sThE vEtrs fo' ottf, ,th, snd grlfif aro calcdated vslus.a.d ar tot
eonvaloncpurpo66oflly.

of variousmaterial thicknesssarc g lvanizgd'the coating

thichess for eaohthicknessofnaterial shallbessshowni!
Table I Gee also Table 2), Tbe specificqtio! of coating
tiicknesssheaviertian those!quirdby Table I shaltbe
subjectto mutual agrsmert befiteen the galvanizrabd
purchaser.
Nor .,1-The coating ihickDcssesi! Table I tepEseutdrc dirfmum
values obtailrblo with a hi8h lgvcl of co!fidctrca for ttr.lt.tpirauy
hotdip Sabanizd Most c.oatil8 thic*lcsses wil be itr excs$ of tbose
watuos.Purchasersdesirilg a guarauteeof hcavicr cosrlirgsstould uJc
specialrcglrireDents(wc 3.1.7) ondst oderirg infotoation to sprcify
1beheavlcrcoatirg lhic*less,
NorE s-Ooe mil of .oati$ thiehess coGsponds to 0.6 o?./nl of
Eurf{re grd ole mis&t$!s! of coating thickrc$ codaspo[ds to 7.1
g/rn1.basdos mathemaricalcal.sulstiot. For convlliclrc tha weight
pgr unit arais shown ir Table l.

. 5.2 nftBh-':he coating shall be continuou& and as

reasonablys:rcoth and uniform in &icknessast!9 weighq
sizg aad shapeof the item, and necstaryhandlirg of the
item duriDg the dippug and drailirg operationsat the
galvanizingkettle will permit Tbc distributionof the zinc
ioating sballbe deternired by visualinspection,ExceTtfor
coatingthicknesswhichworrldintsrfcrewi& the
localexcess
to
useofthe product,or makit inconvedeotor alangerour
for
lonuniform
(edge
rjection
or
spiks),
tesrs
handle
pieces
wbicb remaitruncoatedou individual
4,6 Surfacs
coatbg
for plainly v.isiblee)rcss
wbiclr a:e (a) I in. or lssin its narowest coatingshallbe madconly
after eatvanizing
joiDts' or spetial
as
holes,
such
rlated
dsigB
bctors
not
to
to
dimeision.and (b) iotalling Vzof I 70ofthe surfaceareu
drainageproblems(Note 6). Sincezurfacesmoothrcssis a
bemated.br 36 in2 per ton of woithtl whiche\ris los' may relativeterm, minor rougbnessthat dosnot interferc$'it!
Uvuse6ithe methodsfoundin PracticeA 780'
Uereuona:ted
the intndedrtsofa par! or mugbnessthat is rclatedto th
ine tUicUes of the repair shsll be 50 7ogrsltr thar the as-receiwd(ungatvanized)surfacc condition shall lot be
tfricmessof galYanizcdcoating rcquircd for thc typ of
groundsfor rejection(Note 7),
but Dotgratertbsn 4'0 mils'
galvanizedsurfa.ce

NoT! 3-The Ealvanizermay chooseto addtraceamountsof cenaitr

elcmens {for exatrili, aluminum, nicket, and tin) to th zilc bath to
help in tllc ptoc{sitr8of cefiaiB Eactive steelsor to nblDce tlrt
cosmeiicspDcaranccof m Rnisnca product The use of th6e trace
elemens ij permincd provided lhat the bulk chemistly of $e galvanizine bath ii n le.!t 9s.0 % zirc by weiglt' The elerdeo$can be added
to fi; Cvsnieing bilh as patt ofa lirulloyed ziDc fcrd, or they catr bc
addodto the bath by llln gEhanizcrusilg a m.stcr feedaloy.

5. Coatfughoperties
5.1 Cutinc Thicknus--Tbc thickncs of thc coati!8'sha
.oto*'to ttt'" ttqoiremints of Table I for thicknes of the
rffherelveldedproducbcoosisting
urJaia Uog gatuani"eO'
gtegt CdrEgoty
TABLE 1 MlnimumCoaung Thhkne.e Grsdy' by
stel Thlclrness hanltd (MeaeuJed)'ln' {mm)
Ojr. 3i6 !i
ot orr
io uader
(8.41

;,r* *fl#";ffi

S ructuslShspe
SbiP
PipQ

--ffi".t.n

45
d5

65
6{i

45

45

'",f#"
E5
75
?5
65

85
86
75
85

-Too
r00
85

gradsto..t ry
coaurgurid(nefs
6!."t."* iesred.uininalm
vrlueol at hast5 3Fl.TTlgqF
oi compuld
indhuudeiecimen
ryil
glade
ls o'le cosung

(Inagt"d"ttr.idogsEdoasurcmetite)
;;;;;ivlth-t.fi
ln Tatig 1'
rssTaUsD bls $ai hEt |eqL|kd

NqrE 6-The rcquiterncnts for thc 6nish of a Cva!i?.d produc't

addr65 thcmsclvcf to a visual ODc of ilspction' Tbcy do uot oddrss
the Eaftl of rnaturrd corli[g thickoess variatiols that ca! 6c
of a gYEr
clcountelld bccsus8qfdilferelt $cls ordlfferelr rbic,ktlesss
$eet birs usedin ar assemblY.
which 8te p!.psrc.d for galvanizing by abrasive
NorE t-ltldrs
cle3nhg wi[ getreraly derclop a thickcr coatiry witi a modr'r'aldy
toughe! su!f.cc.
5.2.1 Threaded

Components

in

Assemblies-T\e

zillc

coating on oxlornal thJadsshatl not b 8ubjected-to,-a

cutting ro[ing; or finishingtool operation'unlossspccifically
thtads6ay betappd
authoiied by-thepurchassr..Intemal
or reiappd;fter CvanizinSl Coatirgsshallconformto the
of SpecificatiooA 153'
reouiremenb
'5.3
App"aranci4alVanized articles shall be frse &om
uncoatei,aleas,blisters,flux.depoeits'acid ard blackspols'
anddros inclusions.Lumps,projections,globules,or heavy
depositsofzinc which will interferewit! the intendedusof
I9

n.us
4$l}l
the materialwill not be perrnitted.AU bolesshall be clean
and reasonablyfur from excesszino, Marks in the zinc
coatingcau$d by longsor otheritemsusedin landling the
adicledudngthc 8tlvaniziogolxration shallnot becausefor
mjectionunles suohmarkshaveexpoEd
the basemetal or
havescrapedthe zinc from the surface.The piecesshallbe
hardledsothataftergalvanizirytheywiUnot fre29together
od cooling.
5.4 Adherence--:lhezinc coating sball withstaadha:rdling consislertwitb the naturesnd tbickbessofthe coatitrg
andthe normaluscof the adicle,without peoliogor flaking.
. NoIg 8= Altlougb someftatsrial Eey.bc formcd afte! gilva{izio8;
h lBcrsl the zils coatirg .o[ t[J adirles coycEd by this specifidariotris
too beevyto pelrdit seve*,bcodilg wlthout d.h,gi.g tre coatitrg,

6. Sanpling
6.1 Samplingofeachlot shal be ;erformedfor confoioearce witb tb tequirmentsofrhis specification.
6.2 A lot is a unit of productionor shipmentftom which
a .samplemaybetaken for testing.Unles otherwiseagreed
uponby galvanizerand purchaser,
or established
within this
spcciFcation,the lot shall bo as fouo : For testingat a
galvanizer's
facility,a lot is oneor moreadieles.ofthesame,
type ard sizecompdsinga singleorder or a siugleilelivery
load, whic.he9er
is the smauer,6r any number of articles
idetrtifiAl as a lot by the galvadiirer,sheD thesehavebeen
Cmnized within a singleproductionshift aud in the sami
bath.For testby purchasetaher delivery,lls lot cousistsof
the siagleorderor the single&livery'load, whichevdris the
srDaler,Edessthe lot identily, estabtMedia.acsordarce
with the above,js maintainedaod sleadyindicated.ir the
shipmentby.thegalvanizBr,
6.3 The me,thodof selectionand number of test specimensshallbe agreedupon-bythe galvanizerald purchaser.
Olhenvisg.the test spgimensshall be selectdat Endom
from each lot, In.this. casg' the oinimum number of
specimene
ftom eachlot shallbe asfollows:
Nutnb.rof PL.r. in Lot
3or lcss
4 to 50O
. 5ol ro 1200
. lmt b 32t0
3201to t0 000
l0 001ard oect

Numttt olSpdimenr
dl

fr

Nsre 9-WteE a.numberofiderticalitaEs,aleto beealvalize4a

ptar Etaybedcsiff{LSuch.plani5collaircdi! Tst
sratilticalsampling
M hrodB 602whichaddrcssssanpling.$ocduresfor theiupection
ad rdatcdffnisies.IfTestMelhod
ofeltotrodcpositcd
nredlic coatiirgs
B 692i5us!4 thclevclof sastplingshallbcagdto by th3galvErizer
atrdNrchrscrat th! tiqlg thecottingodrr fuplaced.

is determinedby oneor moreofthe threeuethorlselescribdd

asfollolvs.
7.2.1 MagneticThitlotessMeararenents-Tlg thickrl$s
oftbe coatinglay bedetrminedby Eagteticthiokness
gage
mersuromootsin accoidancswith pnctice E376. A ;i;imum offive readingsshallbe taken (in eachlocatiol) near
the endsaad in &e niddlo of eachpieoebeirg tested.For
largepmduotsuahas taperedpoles,transmissiontowers.or
structuralshapes,&s minirnuD of fve readings(in each
locatiou)shail be,rakenperiphersllyabout 4 i;(li)0 nm)
fioD eachendaJrdi[ the approximatecnterofthi member.
The 4vf,ags
of tho thicknassvaluestakea at caohlocation
shall be not,lessthan the lue listed i]t Table I under th
heading"A:ry Individual Specimenor Computedvatue.the averdgecoating thichess for the item shali be ths
average
of &e 'Ialuesobfainedin the tlree locationsald shall
benot lessthar the valuelistedia TableI unalertlc headirg
"Averagcof SpecimensTested."If &se coaringthiclorcsi
measuremnts
aI madeoq an alticle with rtilhient thicknesss
ofsteel tben the valuesin TabteI shallapplyto acb
thickne,ss
of stelon the article,
7.2,2 StrrWW Msthod--The avrageweight of ziuc
coatitrgmsy be deternined by strippingar eniire piecein
accordancewith Test Method A 90, or alternativ;ly, tbe
averageweightof coatingEay be determitrdby strippnrg
testpleces&om the saroplespecime&eachwith a measurableareaof.coatedsurfaceofat lesst 10jn.2(64.5cE2).Cut
onespecimenapproximatly4 io, (100myn)froE eachend
of &o memberand a third qpecimenftom tbe approximate
centerof the member.The weight qf coatiugobtaired at
eachlocationrhdl be aot lessthan the valuclistedin Table I
underthe headiEg'Atry lDdividualSpeoimcnor Computed
Value."The averageweightof coatingfor the item shalrbe
the everage
of the rraluesobtainedin the threelocatio:uand
shallbe not lessthar the valuelisted in Table I uuder the
heading'Avemge of SpecimehsTesie4" If thesecoating
rveigbtmeasuementsarc madeon an afiicle with dillerent
thickneslesofskEL thn rhe valuesin TableI shallapplyto
eaohthic*nessof steelon tbe article.
7.2.3 WeighingB{ore and AJter Galvadzing--The averageweigbt of the zirc coating may be determinedby
weighingthearticlesbeforeand'aftergalvanizingsubtracting
the fi$t weightfrom the secoD4and dividingihe rcsult by
the surfacarca:The fint weightsball be determindafter
pickling and dryinc; the scondafter coolingto ambient
temperatuIc,

3.4 A tcst spcoimen whicb fails to conlorm to a r4uire

ment oftbis specification shalt not be used to determine the
conformanceto other requtemenb.

f, Tesil\rletlrodc
'.7,1 TestRequtemmt:r--The
folowingtestsshallbeconductedto eusur
thatrle zinccoatingis behgfignishedin
accordance
withrhisspocification,
oflestsfor
Thcspeci&ing
adhsiot and embrit0ement
shall be subjectto mutual
agrcementbetwen the gslvanizer and purcharr,
.7,2 Thicknessof Coating Test-T\s $tickuss of coating

20

NO]Bto-This nthoddostrotGkeiatoaccouat
tbevrcight
0firol
reactd&o!rthearticlcthatisincorporatd
infothccoatiutlt iay tbus
undcr.sEoate cgatilg ryeight by ss euch at apprximarcly l0 %. Eass
rntl t84tivit, will altect ihe xt trt of uEde!stiEatio!.

7.2,4 RcfereeMdhod-It the eventof disputeover any

weigbtofcoatirg Eeasuemelt, the dispulesha[ befesolved
by Test Melhod A90, If not feasible,and if nrutuaily
ageeableto the galvanizo aud the pufthaserthe Gpute
may be resolvedby tbe use of magbeticthickrssgages
whish have be6ncalibratedfor accuracyrgeing gandard
refercucematerialthicloesssiandards.
7,3 FinishandAppeuance-Visual inspeOionof tle zinc
coatingshallbe madefor compliancewith the requirements
of 5,2and5.3.
7,4 Adheston;

4J}la rzs
7,4.1D9lcr6ine adhgsionof the ziEc coating to the
ofthc basenetal by cuttingor pryiDgwith the point
surface
of a s!,outknife, appliedwirh considerablepressureiu a
mannerlendiugto Imoy a podion of tbe coating;The
inaalequate
ifthe coatiagflakes
shill beconsidered
adhsion
offin the form ofa tayerof the coatingso asto exposetbe
baseoetal in advaaccof the knife point, Do not usetestiug
cafiicd out at edgesor corners(points of lowestcoating
to determineadhesionofthe coatingLikewise,do
adbesiotr)
not tlseremovalof smaflpartitlesofthe coatingby paringor
whittlirg to detrminefailurE
maybe made
7,5 Embrittlentent--'t6afor embdtdement
with PracticeA 143.'
in acordauce
8, Irupectlon
8.1 Inspectionby the Galvanizet-lt is the respo$ibilily
of the Cva:rizer to ensureco:npliancewitb this qecificaby an in-plantinspertiosplogram
tion.Thiscanbeacbieved
desigtedio mahtain the coating thickness,fuish, ad
within the rquireEtrts oftbis staDdaril,
appearance
e2 Inspecttonby thz hrchaser-Tbe purcihasermay
accptor rsjectmaterialby inspectlo!.The inspectorreprernting &e purchasorshal baveaccessat all timestb those
areasof tuJgaf"anizefsfaciliry wbich conccmthe application df the zhc coiring to tlle miterial oderEdwhilework
on the cortralt of the purchaseris beiagpaformed. The
galvanizersh{itlafford the inspectotall reasona.ble
hcilities
to satis&him tbat the ziuc coatingis beine furlished i!
with this Wecification.
accordance
8.3 ficalion-::Fb material shall .b inspechd at the
dvanizet'$plantpdor lo ship&ent However,by agresment

the purchasermay qake the testswhic.hgowm tlro acceptanceor rcjectionof the naterials in bis ovE laboratoryor
elsgrYhere,
9. RejectioD
andRebst
.9,1 Whenin$potionof materiabto detnhineconform.
ity with yisualrrquiremeds of Section5 warrantsrejectioa
ofa lol the galyarizermay sort thc lot ald submitit once
"ga'. for. accegtancsafier he has removedany nonconforldiqgarticlili andreplacdtheml{ith conformilgarticlel
9.2 Thesamptingplsn tlat wasusedwhcnthelot wasfiIst
inspectedshallbe usedfor resampnngof a sortedlot,
9.3 If rhe fhiclmessof coatitrgdoesnot cotrforE.io th
rquitEmentsspeciFdio Table l, rstestsof a mutually
ageablenumbr of additional Eembcrs shall be mad,'
Failrrc of the rtestto meet the rcqui!menbof Table I
cotrstilutesgroundfor rejectionof the lot, udessth membelsareaccptdby tsst on an individualbasis.
9,4 Matsials that havs bn rejectcdfor reasonsother
thar embrittlementmay be strippdard regalvanized
ald
agisin$rbmittcdfor in$ection and t$t at trhich time they
sballcoDforEto tbe re4uirenentsofthis specifi.cation.
10, Certilicarior
l0.t Whenspecifiedit ths purchaseorderor contracLthe
puchasrsha|lbefurnishedcertifieationthat saEphsrepre
sentingeachlot have been eilher testedor inspectedaE
havebeen
directcdby this specifrcalion
andth6 rquirments
met. When specifiedilr the purcbaseorder or cofirast d
ffport gflha tstrsdls shallbe furnished

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