Chemistery P3 Merged

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International General Certificate of Secondary Education
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UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS
MARK SCHEME for the May/June 2010 question paper

for the guidance of teachers
0620 CHEMISTRY
0620/31
Paper 31 (Extended Theory), maximum raw mark 80
This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of
the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not
indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners meeting before marking began,
which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers.
Mark schemes must be read in conjunction with the question papers and the report on the
examination.
CIE will not enter into discussions or correspondence in connection with these mark schemes.
CIE is publishing the mark schemes for the May/June 2010 question papers for most IGCSE, GCE
Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level syllabuses and some Ordinary Level syllabuses.
Page 2
1
Syllabus
0620
Paper
31
(i) sulfur
[1]
(ii) iodine
[1]
(iii) copper
Mark Scheme: Teachers version

IGCSE May/June 2010
ignore (II)
[1]
(iv) calcium
[1]
(v) helium
not name of a compound
accept correct symbols
[1]
(i) chloromethane
cond biggest molecular mass / biggest mass of one mole / its molecules
move slowest / heaviest molecule / highest density
accept atomic mass if correct numerical value given
ignore it is the heaviest (gas) / biggest molecule
accept particles or molecules
not atoms
[1]
(ii) carbon dioxide / calcium carbonate

not methane
water
sodium chloride / brine / seawater
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(iii) chlorine
not chlorine water
cond light / UV / heat / high temperature if numerical value given about
200oC / lead tetraethyl
not warm
[1]
(iv) oxygen and nitrogen (in air)

not from fuel, negates mark 1
(react) at high temperatures / lightning / in engine
not combustion or exhaust, negates mark 2
[1]
(v) 2O3 3O2

not balanced = [1]
[2]
(a)
(b)
(c)
[1]
[1]
(i) bubbles / effervescence / hydrogen / gas pushes up / lifts metal
[1]
(ii) does not react with acid / zinc and iron react with acid
not just unreactive
[1]
(i) with copper / first experiment
[1]
(ii) copper acts as a catalyst
[1]
(i) smaller gradient

not rate is slower
[1]
(ii) same final volume of hydrogen / same level (on graph)
[1]
UCLES 2010
Page 3

IGCSE May/June 2010
Syllabus
0620
Paper
31
(d) temperature / heat

increase temperature reaction faster particles have more energy / particles move
faster / particles collide more frequently / more particles have enough energy to react
not more excited
accept arguments for a decrease in temperature
powdered
greater surface area
greater collision rate / more particles exposed (to acid)
any two
not concentration / light / catalyst / pressure
4
(a)
(i) ethanol
CH3-CH2-OH
[1]
[2]
[1]
[1]
propanoic acid
CH3-CH2-COOH
independent marking, no ecf
accept C2H5
not HO
(b)
[1]
[1]
[1]
(ii) type of compound salt / sodium carboxylate / alkanoate

not soap / sodium stearate etc
use soap / cleaning / detergent
[1]
(iii) terylene / PET / Dacron / diolen / mylar / crimplene
[1]
[1]
(i) polyamide / amide / peptide / polypeptide
[1]
(ii) correct amide linkage NHCO then CONH

cond to mark 1, 2 monomers (different shading in box)
cond continuation (to ONE correct linkage)
[1]
[1]
[1]
OR nylon 6
only one linkage NHCO
cond only one monomer
cond continuation (to correct linkage)
(iii) use locating agent
measure distance travelled by sample / travelled by solvent front
cond this is Rf = 0.5
for mark 3, either mark 1 or mark 2 must be awarded
accept run a chromatogram of glycine [1]
compare with sample
same position [1] max [2]
UCLES 2010
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
Page 4
5

IGCSE May/June 2010
Syllabus
0620
(a) (i) macromolecular / giant covalent / giant atomic

all atoms held in position / in tetrahedral structure / to four other carbon
atoms / all strong bonds
(b)
[1]
[1]
(ii) jewellery / drilling / cutting / engraving / cutting edges in scalpels

mark first use offered
[1]
(iii) layer structure / sheets

molecules / ions in layers = [0]
layers can slide (over each other)
[1]
(iv) lubricant / pencils / electrodes

mark first use offered
[1]
[1]
(i) 4e between carbon and oxygens

2 non-bonding pairs on both oxygens
cond correct coding only scored if marks 1 and 2 awarded
ignore O2 in atom
[1]
[1]
[1]
(ii) 4O around each Si

2Si around each O
must refer to diagram not valencies or electron distributions
[1]
[1]
(iii) SiO2 has higher mp or bp

SiO2 is a solid, CO2 is a gas (at rtp)
(when both are solids) then SiO2 is harder
has higher density
SiO2 insoluble, CO2 soluble
any two, comparison needed
6
Paper
31
[2]
(a) rates equal

concentrations do not change / macroscopic properties remain constant
accept amounts do not change
[1]
[1]
(b) endothermic
cond favoured by high temperatures
[1]
[1]
(c)
(i) move to left

cond bigger volume / more moles etc
do not insist on gas
[1]
[1]
(ii) less yellow solid / more brown liquid

accept yellow to brown / less solid more liquid / goes brown
[1]
UCLES 2010
Page 5
7

IGCSE May/June 2010
Syllabus
0620
Paper
31
(a) a transition element has more than one oxidation state or valency
accept different oxidation states
[1]
(b) by removing oxygen concentration of O2 decreases

prevents the back reaction / equilibrium shifts to right
[1]
[1]
(c) oxidation number reduced (from (+) 4 to 0)

accept accepts electrons or accepts four electrons
if number given must be 4
[1]
(d) low density / lightweight / light

propellers / fittings on ships / inert anodes in electrolysis / hip replacements /
ship building / chemical plants / cathodic protection / diving equipment
[1]
(e)
[1]
(i) percentage of oxygen = 31.6 %
[1]
(ii) calculate the number of moles of atoms for each element

number of moles of Ti = 31.6/48 = 0.66
number of moles of O = 31.6/16 = 1.98 accept 2
both correct for one mark
[1]
(iii) the simplest whole number ratio for moles of atoms:

Fe :
1
Ti
1
O
3
[1]
(iv) formula is FeTiO3 accept TiFeO3

must be whole numbers from (iii) or cancelled numbers from (iii)
mark ecf throughout
UCLES 2010
[1]
Page 6
8

IGCSE May/June 2010
Syllabus
0620
(a) same general formula

same chemical properties
same functional group
physical properties vary in predictable way
common methods of preparation
consecutive members differ by CH2
any two
mark first two
ignore others unless it contradicts a point which has been awarded a mark
(b)
Paper
31
[2]
(i) 2HCOOH + CaCO3 Ca(HCOO)2 + CO2 + H2O

not balanced = [1]
[2]
(ii) zinc + methanoic acid zinc methanoate + hydrogen

[1] for each product
[2]
(iii) protected by oxide layer
[1]
(c) butanoic acid

CH3-CH2-CH2-COOH / C4H8O2 / C3H7COOH / C4H7OOH
C2H4O
mark ecf to molecular formula
UCLES 2010
[1]
[1]
[1]
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0620 CHEMISTRY
0620/32
examination.
Page 2
1

IGCSE May/June 2010
Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
In (a), (b) and (c), descriptions of chemical properties need not be detailed. If more than one answer
is given in each section, mark the first one and ignore anything subsequent unless it contradicts
what they have already written. No marks for reversing physical and chemical properties.
(a) properties should focus on a group 1 metal and not just metals in general
PHYSICAL soft / can be cut (with a knife) / low density / light / low melting point / (good)
conductor (heat or electricity) / shiny (when freshly cut) / malleable / ductile / tarnishes
[1]
CHEMICAL react with water (not steam) / (very) reactive / forms salts with halogens / react
vigorously with acids (ignore concentration) / forms an alkaline or basic oxide / fixed
oxidation state or oxidation number or valency of +1 / has one valency or outer shell electron
not forms ionic compounds on its own.
[1]
(b) properties should focus on a transition metal
PHYSICAL hard / high density / dense / high mp or bp / (good) conductor (heat or electricity) /
strong / malleable / ductile / silver or grey or lustrous or shiny solid
[1]
CHEMICAL more than one oxidation state or valency (accept many oxides) / forms coloured
compounds or ions (not coloured on its own) / forms complex ions / behave as a catalyst
/ less reactive than group 1
[1]
(c) PHYSICAL colourless gas / yellow gas
not diatomic molecules
[1]
CHEMICAL most reactive halogen / very reactive / forms ionic fluorides / bonds with metals /
form covalent fluorides / bonds with non-metals / powerful oxidant / gains one electron (to be
stable) / fixed oxidation state or valency of 1
allow decolourised when reacts with alkene) / forms F ions / forms acidic oxides / forms an
acid when reacted with hydrogen / hydride is acidic
[1]
not bleaching agent
2
(a) (i) enzymes are proteins / come from living organisms / biological (catalysts)
not enzymes are living or natural
(ii) carbohydrates have 2H:1O ratio
contain elements of water
[1]
[1]
[1]
contain water = [1]

unless they state that carbohydrates contain water, this response scores 2 or 0
(b) correct -O- linkage
cond same correct monomer (this mark is lost if 2 different boxes are shown)
cond continuation (i.e. bonds at both ends)
[1]
[1]
[1]
(c) (i) (concentration or amount or mass etc.) of starch decreases (with time)
(concentration etc.) of starch becomes zero / all starch gone
colour (intensity) indicates how much starch is present (can be inferred)
[1]
[1]
[1]
(ii) enzyme denatured / destroyed

not enzymes killed / dont work / saliva denatured
UCLES 2010
[1]
Page 3
3

IGCSE May/June 2010
Syllabus
0620
(a) (i) red brown or orange to colourless

not just bromine decolourised
yellow (not dark) / white solid / precipitate / goes cloudy
brown to yellow with no mention of solid/precipitate scores = [1]
(ii) Br2 + Na2S 2NaBr + S
Paper
32
[1]
[1]
[1]
(iii) look for two comments

sulfide (ion) / sulfur (ion) loses electrons
not sodium sulfide
bromine accepts them
(b) (i) oxidation
not redox
[1]
[1]
[1]
(ii) hydrogen / H2
not H
[1]
(iii) iron(II) hydroxide / ferrous hydroxide
[1]
(iv) 4Fe(OH)2 + O2 + 2H2O 4Fe(OH)3
[1]
(v) oxidation number or state or valency increases / electron loss / Fe2+ to Fe3+
not gains oxygen
[1]
(vi) sacrificial protection or zinc is sacrificed /

zinc corrodes not iron or zinc corrodes therefore iron doesnt /
not just zinc rusts
zinc is oxidised in preference to iron /
zinc reacts with oxygen and water in preference to iron /
zinc more reactive or electropositive than iron /
zinc forms ions more readily than iron or zinc loses electrons more readily than iron /
electrons move on to iron /
iron is cathode or zinc is anode /
any three
[3]
UCLES 2010
Page 4
4

IGCSE May/June 2010
Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
(a) (i) same molecular formula / same number of C and H atoms

different structural formula or structure
same compound = [1]
(ii) correct formula of but-2-ene / methylpropene / methyl cyclopropane
[1]
(iii) bromine / bromine water / aqueous bromine

brown to colourless not clear
stays brown
bromide loses the first mark only
[1]
[1]
[1]
OR alkaline potassium manganate(VII)

from purple/pink to green/brown
stays purple
[1]
[1]
[1]
OR acidic potassium manganate(VII)

from purple/pink to colourless not clear
stays purple
[1]
[1]
[1]
(b) heat / high temperature (temperature need not be stated, but if it is stated it must be
500C or above)
catalyst (need not be named, but if they are named accept any metal oxide or
zeolite / aluminosillicates / silicon dioxide)
not nickel/platinum
(c) (1,2)dibromobutane
if numbers given must be correct
butane
butanol
accept butan-1-ol or butan-2-ol not but-1-ol / but-1-anol / buthanol
5
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(a) fractional
distillation
[1]
[1]
(b) (i) O=O / oxygen()oxygen / HH / hydrogen()hydrogen
[1]
(ii) O-H / oxygen()hydrogen / OH / bond between hydrogen and oxygen

not H-O-H
[1]
(iii) endothermic.
[1]
(c) (i) no pollution / no CO / no CO2 / no oxides of nitrogen / only produces steam or water
/ no greenhouse gases / no global warming
does not use up fossil fuels / water is not a finite resource / water is a renewable
source of energy / hydrogen is renewable / available from electrolysis of water
[1]
[1]
(ii) obtaining hydrogen from water requires fossil fuels / storage problems / transport
problems / limited range of vehicles available / gaseous nature means only produces
small amount of energy per unit volume / methane as a source of steam reforming is
finite / lack of distribution network
[1]
not expensive / anything regarding safety / flammability / explosiveness
UCLES 2010
Page 5
6

IGCSE May/June 2010
Syllabus
0620
(a) (i) Tl 2S
Paper
32
[1]
[1]
(ii) TlCl 3
(b) filter / centrifuge / decant
wash the precipitate
dry the solid / heat the solid (in oven) / press between filter paper
[3]
all three stated but not in correct order = [2]

two out of three stated in any order = [1]
(c) (i) silver chloride / silver bromide
photography / cameras / films / photo chromic lenses / sunglasses
(ii) increase distance between lamp and paper or put lamp far away /
put a screen or translucent or semi-opaque material between them /
use a less powerful or low voltage or dim lamp /
lower the temperature
any two
(d) (i) thalium sulfate + ammonia + water
[1]
[1]
[2]
[1]
(ii) 2TlOH + H2SO4 Tl2SO4 + 2H2O

not balanced = [1]
incorrect formula = [0]
[2]
(iii) green precipitate or solid (ignore shades of green but not bluey green etc.)
Fe2+ + 2OH Fe(OH)2
accept multiples
[1]
[1]
(a) sodium is expensive / difficult to obtain sodium (from sodium chloride) / problems getting
electricity / hard to extract sodium / high energy costs in extraction of sodium
[1]
(b) (i) reduce temperature / reduce melting point (to 900/1000C) temperature need not be
stated, but if it is stated it must be within the range
better conductivity / solid aluminium oxide does not conduct
aluminium oxide is insoluble in water any two
[2]
(ii) 2O2 O2 + 4e
[2] or [0]
(iii) they burn (away) / react with oxygen / form carbon dioxide
(c) hydrogen formed / aluminium above hydrogen in reactivity series / H+ discharged
in preference to Al3+ / aluminium is more reactive than hydrogen
aluminium more reactive than carbon / carbon cannot reduce aluminium oxide /
aluminium is higher than carbon in the reactivity series / carbon doesnt reduce
aluminium oxide / carbon doesnt displace aluminium
comparison is essential for mark
UCLES 2010
[1]
[1]
[1]
Page 6
8

IGCSE May/June 2010
Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
(a) (i) accept all metals excluding Group I (lithium is acceptable)

not lead accept silver
(ii) M nitrite / nitrate(III)
not nitride
[1]
[1]
(b) (i) exothermic

not reverse reaction is endothermic as the question asks about the forward reaction
cond forward reaction favoured by low temperature / reverse reaction favoured by
high temperature
second mark only scores if exothermic is correct.
[1]
(ii) position of equilibrium to right / forwards / more products / more N2O4 / lighter colour
because this side has smaller volume / fewer moles
[1]
[1]
[1]
(c) if the final answer is between 8689% award all 4

if the final answer is between 6667% award 3 marks (Mr of 32 must have been used)
for all other answers marks can be awarded using the mark scheme as below and applying
ecf if necessary
number of moles of O2 formed = 0.16/24 = 0.0067/0.00667 or 1/150
number of moles of Pb(NO3)2 in the sample = 0.0133/0.013 or 1/75
mass of one mole of Pb(NO3)2 = 331 g
mass of lead(II) nitrate in the sample = 4.4(1) g
percentage of lead(II) nitrate in sample = 88.3% (allow 8889)
mark ecf in this question but not to simple integers
if mass of lead(II) nitrate > 5.00 only marks 1 and 2 available
If divides by 32 (not 24) only last 3 marks can score consequentially
UCLES 2010
[4]
co
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.X

0620 CHEMISTRY
0620/33
examination.
Page 2
1

IGCSE May/June 2010
Syllabus
0620
Paper
33
In (a), (b) and (c), descriptions of chemical properties need not be detailed. If more than one answer
is given in each section, mark the first one and ignore anything subsequent unless it contradicts
what they have already written. No marks for reversing physical and chemical properties.
(a) properties should focus on a group 1 metal and not just metals in general
PHYSICAL soft / can be cut (with a knife) / low density / light / low melting point / (good)
conductor (heat or electricity) / shiny (when freshly cut) / malleable / ductile / tarnishes
[1]
CHEMICAL react with water (not steam) / (very) reactive / forms salts with halogens / react
vigorously with acids (ignore concentration) / forms an alkaline or basic oxide / fixed
oxidation state or oxidation number or valency of +1 / has one valency or outer shell electron
not forms ionic compounds on its own.
[1]
(b) properties should focus on a transition metal
PHYSICAL hard / high density / dense / high mp or bp / (good) conductor (heat or electricity) /
strong / malleable / ductile / silver or grey or lustrous or shiny solid
[1]
CHEMICAL more than one oxidation state or valency (accept many oxides) / forms coloured
compounds or ions (not coloured on its own) / forms complex ions / behave as a catalyst
/ less reactive than group 1
[1]
(c) PHYSICAL colourless gas / yellow gas
not diatomic molecules
[1]
CHEMICAL most reactive halogen / very reactive / forms ionic fluorides / bonds with metals /
form covalent fluorides / bonds with non-metals / powerful oxidant / gains one electron (to be
stable) / fixed oxidation state or valency of 1
allow decolourised when reacts with alkene) / forms F ions / forms acidic oxides / forms an
acid when reacted with hydrogen / hydride is acidic
[1]
not bleaching agent
2
(a) (i) enzymes are proteins / come from living organisms / biological (catalysts)
not enzymes are living or natural
(ii) carbohydrates have 2H:1O ratio
contain elements of water
[1]
[1]
[1]
contain water = [1]

unless they state that carbohydrates contain water, this response scores 2 or 0
(b) correct -O- linkage
cond same correct monomer (this mark is lost if 2 different boxes are shown)
cond continuation (i.e. bonds at both ends)
[1]
[1]
[1]
(c) (i) (concentration or amount or mass etc.) of starch decreases (with time)
(concentration etc.) of starch becomes zero / all starch gone
colour (intensity) indicates how much starch is present (can be inferred)
[1]
[1]
[1]

not enzymes killed / dont work / saliva denatured
UCLES 2010
[1]
Page 3
3

IGCSE May/June 2010
Syllabus
0620
(a) (i) red brown or orange to colourless

not just bromine decolourised
yellow (not dark) / white solid / precipitate / goes cloudy
brown to yellow with no mention of solid/precipitate scores = [1]
(ii) Br2 + Na2S 2NaBr + S
Paper
33
[1]
[1]
[1]
(iii) look for two comments

sulfide (ion) / sulfur (ion) loses electrons
not sodium sulfide
bromine accepts them
(b) (i) oxidation
not redox
[1]
[1]
[1]
(ii) hydrogen / H2
not H
[1]
(iii) iron(II) hydroxide / ferrous hydroxide
[1]
(iv) 4Fe(OH)2 + O2 + 2H2O 4Fe(OH)3
[1]
(v) oxidation number or state or valency increases / electron loss / Fe2+ to Fe3+
not gains oxygen
[1]
(vi) sacrificial protection or zinc is sacrificed /

zinc corrodes not iron or zinc corrodes therefore iron doesnt /
not just zinc rusts
zinc is oxidised in preference to iron /
zinc reacts with oxygen and water in preference to iron /
zinc more reactive or electropositive than iron /
zinc forms ions more readily than iron or zinc loses electrons more readily than iron /
electrons move on to iron /
iron is cathode or zinc is anode /
any three
[3]
UCLES 2010
Page 4
4

IGCSE May/June 2010
Syllabus
0620
Paper
33
(a) (i) same molecular formula / same number of C and H atoms

different structural formula or structure
same compound = [1]
(ii) correct formula of but-2-ene / methylpropene / methyl cyclopropane
[1]
(iii) bromine / bromine water / aqueous bromine

brown to colourless not clear
stays brown
bromide loses the first mark only
[1]
[1]
[1]
OR alkaline potassium manganate(VII)

from purple/pink to green/brown
stays purple
[1]
[1]
[1]
OR acidic potassium manganate(VII)

from purple/pink to colourless not clear
stays purple
[1]
[1]
[1]
(b) heat / high temperature (temperature need not be stated, but if it is stated it must be
500C or above)
catalyst (need not be named, but if they are named accept any metal oxide or
zeolite / aluminosillicates / silicon dioxide)
not nickel/platinum
(c) (1,2)dibromobutane
if numbers given must be correct
butane
butanol
accept butan-1-ol or butan-2-ol not but-1-ol / but-1-anol / buthanol
5
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(a) fractional
distillation
[1]
[1]
(b) (i) O=O / oxygen()oxygen / HH / hydrogen()hydrogen
[1]
(ii) O-H / oxygen()hydrogen / OH / bond between hydrogen and oxygen

not H-O-H
[1]
(iii) endothermic.
[1]
(c) (i) no pollution / no CO / no CO2 / no oxides of nitrogen / only produces steam or water
/ no greenhouse gases / no global warming
does not use up fossil fuels / water is not a finite resource / water is a renewable
source of energy / hydrogen is renewable / available from electrolysis of water
[1]
[1]
(ii) obtaining hydrogen from water requires fossil fuels / storage problems / transport
problems / limited range of vehicles available / gaseous nature means only produces
small amount of energy per unit volume / methane as a source of steam reforming is
finite / lack of distribution network
[1]
not expensive / anything regarding safety / flammability / explosiveness
UCLES 2010
Page 5
6

IGCSE May/June 2010
Syllabus
0620
(a) (i) Tl 2S
Paper
33
[1]
[1]
(ii) TlCl 3
(b) filter / centrifuge / decant
wash the precipitate
dry the solid / heat the solid (in oven) / press between filter paper
[3]
all three stated but not in correct order = [2]

two out of three stated in any order = [1]
(c) (i) silver chloride / silver bromide
photography / cameras / films / photo chromic lenses / sunglasses
(ii) increase distance between lamp and paper or put lamp far away /
put a screen or translucent or semi-opaque material between them /
use a less powerful or low voltage or dim lamp /
lower the temperature
any two
(d) (i) thalium sulfate + ammonia + water
[1]
[1]
[2]
[1]
(ii) 2TlOH + H2SO4 Tl2SO4 + 2H2O

not balanced = [1]
incorrect formula = [0]
[2]
(iii) green precipitate or solid (ignore shades of green but not bluey green etc.)
Fe2+ + 2OH Fe(OH)2
accept multiples
[1]
[1]
(a) sodium is expensive / difficult to obtain sodium (from sodium chloride) / problems getting
electricity / hard to extract sodium / high energy costs in extraction of sodium
[1]
(b) (i) reduce temperature / reduce melting point (to 900/1000C) temperature need not be
stated, but if it is stated it must be within the range
better conductivity / solid aluminium oxide does not conduct
aluminium oxide is insoluble in water any two
[2]
(ii) 2O2 O2 + 4e
[2] or [0]
(iii) they burn (away) / react with oxygen / form carbon dioxide
(c) hydrogen formed / aluminium above hydrogen in reactivity series / H+ discharged
in preference to Al3+ / aluminium is more reactive than hydrogen
aluminium more reactive than carbon / carbon cannot reduce aluminium oxide /
aluminium is higher than carbon in the reactivity series / carbon doesnt reduce
aluminium oxide / carbon doesnt displace aluminium
comparison is essential for mark
UCLES 2010
[1]
[1]
[1]
Page 6
8

IGCSE May/June 2010
Syllabus
0620
Paper
33
(a) (i) accept all metals excluding Group I (lithium is acceptable)

not lead accept silver
(ii) M nitrite / nitrate(III)
not nitride
[1]
[1]
(b) (i) exothermic

not reverse reaction is endothermic as the question asks about the forward reaction
cond forward reaction favoured by low temperature / reverse reaction favoured by
high temperature
second mark only scores if exothermic is correct.
[1]
(ii) position of equilibrium to right / forwards / more products / more N2O4 / lighter colour
because this side has smaller volume / fewer moles
[1]
[1]
[1]
(c) if the final answer is between 8689% award all 4

if the final answer is between 6667% award 3 marks (Mr of 32 must have been used)
for all other answers marks can be awarded using the mark scheme as below and applying
ecf if necessary
number of moles of O2 formed = 0.16/24 = 0.0067/0.00667 or 1/150
number of moles of Pb(NO3)2 in the sample = 0.0133/0.013 or 1/75
mass of one mole of Pb(NO3)2 = 331 g
mass of lead(II) nitrate in the sample = 4.4(1) g
percentage of lead(II) nitrate in sample = 88.3% (allow 8889)
mark ecf in this question but not to simple integers
if mass of lead(II) nitrate > 5.00 only marks 1 and 2 available
If divides by 32 (not 24) only last 3 marks can score consequentially
UCLES 2010
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MARK SCHEME for the October/November 2010 question paper

0620 CHEMISTRY
0620/31
examination.
CIE is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2010 question papers for most IGCSE,
GCE Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level syllabuses and some Ordinary Level
syllabuses.
Page 2
1

IGCSE October/November 2010
Syllabus
0620
Paper
31
(a) (i) same number of protons and electrons
[1]
(ii) all have the same number of protons / same proton number / same atomic number
[1]
(iii) more electrons than protons

number of protons and electrons not equal ONLY [1]
[2]
(iv) same number of protons (and electrons) / same proton number / same atomic number [1]
different number of neutrons / different mass number / nucleon number
[1]
(b) (i) 2 + 8 + 5
[1]
(ii) 3 / 5
[1]
(iii) non-metal because it accepts electrons

/ needs 3e to complete outer energy level
/ because it is in Group V or 5e in outer shell
note need both non-metal and reason for [1]
[1]
[Total: 9]
(a) (i) harder / stronger / any sensible suggestion which relates to better properties for purpose
e.g. stays sharp longer / cuts better / more corrosion resistant
[1]
(ii) zinc
[1]
(b) (i) lattice
[1]
(ii) regular pattern of one type of atom

with different atom interspersed
can show the difference size, shading, label etc.
[1]
[1]
(iii) can change its shape by force / plastically deform / can be hammered into sheets / can
bend etc.
[1]
(iv) particles / ions / atoms / layers
cond can slide past each other
or metallic bond is non-directional
particles can move past each other
UCLES 2010
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
Page 3

Syllabus
0620
(c) (i) tin(IV) oxide + carbon tin + carbon dioxide

not carbon monoxide as a reductant
accept carbon monoxide as a product
not tin(IV)
accept correct symbol equation
Paper
31
[1]
(ii) water
carbon dioxide
[1]
[1]
(iii) correct labels for

(pure) copper cathode
impure copper anode
electrolyte copper(II) sulfate / any soluble copper(II) salt / Cu2+
if labels on electrodes reversed [0]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(iv) wires / pipes / jewellery / nails / roofing / ammunition / coins / cookware / catalyst /
sculpture
[1]
[Total: 15]
3
(i) chemical
[1]
(ii) from right to left

not through salt bridge
[1]
(iii) Br2 + 2e 2Brfor Br- as product [1]
[2]
(iv) reduction because electron gain

/ because oxidation number decreases
need both points
[1]
(v) Fe3+
[1]
(vi) any correct discussion of the reactivity of the halogens

e.g. the more reactive the halogen the higher the voltage
not better conductor
[1]
[Total: 7]
UCLES 2010
Page 4
4
(a)
(b)

Syllabus
0620
Paper
31
(i) nitrogen 2+5
[1]
(ii) needs three electrons

to complete energy level
[1]
[1]
(i) expensive metal / iron cheaper / better catalyst
[1]
(ii) high pressure favours side with smaller volume / fewer moles
this is right hand side / product / ammonia side
[1]
[1]
(iii) recycled / sent over catalyst again

accept used again
[1]
(iv) advantage
disadvantage
[1]
[1]
high yield
slow reaction rate etc
[Total: 9]
5
(a) (i) many (simple) molecules form one (large) molecule / monomer molecules form one
polymer molecule
[1]
(ii) addition - polymer is the only product
accept - nX Xn
condensation polymer and simpler molecules formed
accept
nX Xn + nHCl / H2O
(b) (i) C12H26 C8H18 + 2C2H4
/ any other correct version
[1]
[1]
[1]
(ii) ethane and chlorine give range of products

/ ethene more readily available than ethane
/ waste half chlorine as hydrogen chloride
/ ethene more reactive than ethane
[1]
(iii) electrolysis
aqueous sodium chloride
[1]
[1]
(iv) must have three correct units

cond continuation
accept (CH2CH(Cl))n
[1]
[1]
[Total: 9]
UCLES 2010
Page 5
6

Syllabus
0620
Paper
31
(a) (i) does not form compounds / does not accept and does not lose electrons / has full outer
shell/has 8e in outer shell / it is a Noble Gas / it is in Group 0/8
[1]
(ii) small number of outer electrons / lose electrons then positive
large number of outer electrons / gain electrons then negative
[1]
[1]
(iii) any two from nitrogen, oxygen and fluorine

accept symbols / molecular formulae
[1]
(b) (i) zinc / aluminium / lead / tin / chromium

(ii) white precipitate
precipitate dissolves / colourless solution forms / forms a clear solution
/ soluble in excess
(c) (i) LiF
NF3
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(ii) LiF has higher mp / bp

LiF is a (crystalline) solid, NF3 is probably a gas / a liquid
/ LiF is less volatile
as liquids only LiF conducts
LiF is soluble in water, NF3 is not
when both solids LiF is harder
any two
[2]
(iii) LiF is an ionic compound

[1]
NF3 is a covalent/molecular compound
[1]
for stating that one is ionic and the other covalent [1] without specifying which is which
[Total: 13]
7
(i) methane / water vapour / oxides of nitrogen / hydrofluorocarbons / perfluorocarbons /

ozone
[1]
not sulfur dioxide
(ii) living organisms / plants and animals / cells
produce energy (from food / glucose / carbohydrates)
this forms carbon dioxide (could be in an equation)
[1]
[1]
[1]
(iii) when growing the crop removed carbon dioxide from atmosphere
/ crop photosynthesised and used carbon dioxide
combustion returned the carbon dioxide
[1]
[1]
(iv) increased combustion

of fossil fuels / named fossil fuel
[1]
[1]
or deforestation
less photosynthesis
not greater population
[1]
[1]
[Total: 8]
UCLES 2010
Page 6
8

Syllabus
0620
(a) filter / centrifuge / decant

(partially) evaporate / heat / boil
allow to crystallise / cool / let crystals form
dry crystals / dry between filter paper / leave in a warm place to dry
dry on its own must be a verb
evaporate to dryness only marks 1 and 2
note if discuss residue only mark 1
(b) number of moles of HCl used = 0.04 2 = 0.08
number of moles CoCl2 formed = 0.04
number of moles CoCl2.6H2O formed = 0.04
mass of one mole of CoCl2.6H2O = 238 g
maximum yield of CoCl2.6H2O = 9.52g
accept 9.5 g
mark ecf to moles of HCl
do not mark ecf to integers
Paper
31
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[4]
to show that cobalt(II) carbonate is in excess

number of moles of HCl used = 0.08 must use value above ecf
mass of one mole of CoCO3 = 119g
number of moles of CoCO3 in 6.0g of cobalt(II) carbonate = 6.0/119 = 0.050
reason why cobalt(II) carbonate is in excess 0.05 > 0.08/2
[1]
[1]
[Total: 10]
UCLES 2010
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0620 CHEMISTRY
0620/32
examination.
syllabuses.
Page 2
1

Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
(a) E
(b) A
[1]
C
need all three
[1]
(c) A
[1]
(d) F
[1]
(e) C
[1]
(f) D
need both but not more
[1]
[Total: 6]
(a) (i) heat / roast / combustion / high temperature

accept burn
in air / oxygen
any incorrect Chemistry MAX [1]
[1]
[1]
(ii) ZnO + C Zn + CO
OR 2ZnO + C 2Zn + CO2
the equation must balance, if not [0]
not carbon monoxide as a reactant /
[1]
(iii) fractional
distillation
[1]
[1]
(b) (i) making alloys / brass / named alloy which contains zinc
[1]
galvanising / sacrificial protection / electroplating

accept galvanising / one specific use which depends on galvanising
zinc coated screws / roofing / buckets / sinks
not just plating other metals
[1]
(ii) positive ions / cations

not nuclei / atoms
[1]
delocalised / free / mobile or sea of electrons
[1]
bond is attraction between (positive) ions and delocalised electrons
[1]
it is a good conductor because there are delocalised / free / mobile electrons

Note must be clear that electrons are moving / carry charge / reason why it is a
good conductor
[1]
[Total: 11]
UCLES 2010
Page 3
3

Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
(a) volume given off (in that 20 s interval)

divided by 20
accept 48/20 for [2]
Answer to 3 (a) may appear twice, both in 3 (a) and 3 (b). Please ignore in 3 (b).
[1]
[1]
(b) 0.6 (cm3/s)
[1]
(c) concentration
of hydrogen peroxide decreases
[1]
[1]
for hydrogen peroxide used up ONLY [1]

not reagent / reactant
(d) rate increases / doubles
catalyst has bigger surface area / more catalyst particles exposed
more collisions
not more catalyst / higher concentration of catalyst / more molecules of catalyst
[1]
[1]
[1]
OR
volume of oxygen the same
oxygen from hydrogen peroxide (not catalyst)
amount / number of moles the same
[1]
[1]
[1]
OR
amount/mass/volume/number of moles of hydrogen peroxide the same [2]
catalyst chemically unchanged ONLY [1]
reactants have not changed (only the catalyst) [1]
accept catalyst does not react [1]
[Total: 11]
4
(a) (i) chromium is harder

has higher density
has higher melting point / boiling point / fixed points
stronger
any TWO
accept sodium comments
must be comparison chromium is hard [0]
(ii) both chromium and sodium have to be mentioned explicitly or implicitly.
sodium is more reactive is acceptable
sodium is a reactive metal is not acceptable
chromium has more than one oxidation state, sodium has one
chromium forms coloured compounds, sodium compounds are white
/ sodium does not
sodium reacts with cold water, chromium does not
chromium forms complex ions, sodium does not
accept chromium has catalytic properties, sodium does not
any TWO
UCLES 2010
[2]
[2]
Page 4

(b) (i) appearance/shiny/more attractive/decoration

resist corrosion / rusting
hard surface
any TWO
NOT becomes harder / stronger
Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
[2]
(ii) Cr2(SO4)3
ignore correct charges on ions
[1]
(iii) Cr3+ + 3e Cr
Cr3+ to Cr only
ignore comments about sulfate ion
[2]
[1]
(iv) oxygen / O2
[1]
(v) to replace chromium ions (used to plate steel)

/ chromium sulfate used up
[1]
copper ions replaced from copper anode

/ solution of copper sulfate does not change
not just that anode is not made of chromium
[1]
[Total: 12]
5
(a) (i) contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

accept example
ratio 2H : 1O
not contains water
ignore comments about carbon
[1]
[1]
(ii) living organism / plants and animals / cells

obtain energy from food
not burn negates energy mark
[1]
[1]
(iii) carbohydrates contain oxygen
[1]
(iv) as a fertiliser / manure
[1]
(b) (i) 80 cm3 of oxygen therefore 40 cm3 of methane

40/60 100 = 66.7 %
accept 66 % and 67 %
no ecf
[1]
[1]
(ii) add sodium hydroxide(aq) / alkali

carbon dioxide dissolves, leaving methane
[1]
[1]
[Total: 10]
UCLES 2010
Page 5
6

Syllabus
0620
(a) same general formula

physical properties vary in predictable way / give trend mp increases with n etc.
any THREE
(b) (i) they have the same molecular formula
not general formula
different structures / structural formulae
(ii) CH3-CH2-CH(OH)-CH3 / (CH3)3C-OH
not ether-type structures
NOTE butan-2-ol and 2-methylpropan-2-ol acceptable
(c) (i) air/oxygen / (acidified) potassium chromate(VI) /
(acidified) potassium manganate(VII)
must have oxidation states
(ii) carboxylic acid / alkanoic acid
CH3-CH2-CH2-COOH / C3H7COOH / C4H8O2
accept C4H7OOH
(d) (i) measure volume of carbon dioxide
time
accept day / hour for time mark
Paper
32
[3]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(ii) increase in temperature / more yeast present / yeast multiplies
[1]
(iii) glucose used up

accept sugar not reagent / reactant
[1]
concentration of ethanol high enough to kill/poison yeast / denature enzymes

not kill enzymes
[1]
(iv) to prevent aerobic respiration

[1]
/ ethanol would be oxidised / ethanoic acid/ acid formed / lactic acid formed / carbon
dioxide and water formed
[Total: 15]
UCLES 2010
Page 6
7

Syllabus
0620
(a) (i) kills microbes / bacteria / fungi / micro-organisms etc.
Paper
32
[1]
(ii) as a bleach
[1]
(iii) burn / heat sulfur in air / oxygen
[1]
(b) oxygen
vanadium oxide / vanadium(V) oxide / vanadium pentoxide
not an incorrect oxidation state
400 C to 450 C
water
[1]
[1]
(c) (i) proton donor
[1]
(ii) measure pH / use pH paper

sulfuric acid has the lower pH
accept colours / appropriate numerical values
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
OR
measure electrical conductivity
sulfuric acid is the better conductor
[1]
[1]
OR
add magnesium / named fairly reactive metal
ethanedioic acid gives the slower reaction
NOTE result must refer to rate not amount
[1]
[1]
OR
add a carbonate
ethanedioic acid gives the slower reaction
NOTE result must refer to rate not amount
(d) (i) how many moles of H2SO4 were added = 0.02 0.3 = 0.006
[1]
[1]
[1]
(ii) how many moles of NaOH were used = 0.04 0.2 = 0.008
[1]
(iii) sulfuric acid

only mark ecf if in accord with 1:2 ratio and with values from (i) and (ii).
reason
0.006 > 0.008/2
for ecf mark candidate must use 1:2 ratio in answer
[1]
(iv) less than 7
[1]
[1]
[Total: 15]
UCLES 2010
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0620 CHEMISTRY
0620/33
examination.
syllabuses.
Page 2
1

Syllabus
0620
Paper
33
(a) to complete the outer shell (of oxygen) / full outer or valence shell / 8 (electrons) in outer
shell / Noble gas structure / to complete outer shell / to complete the octet
ignore reference to hydrogen atoms / reference to accepting / sharing or gaining electrons [1]
(b) loses (one) electron
not loses electrons
[1]
(c) opposite charges attract / electrostatic attraction / positive attracts negative / + and attract
[1]
(d) in solid ions cannot move / flow / no free ions / ions in a lattice
in solution ions can move / flow / mobile ions / ions free (to move)
[1]
[1]
[Total: 5]
(a) 23p 23e 28n

23p 20e 28n
23p 23e 27n
[1]
[1]
[1]
(b) (i) (contains) iron

cond with other element(s) / compounds / suitable named element
if iron is absent = 0
[1]
[1]
(ii) mild steel

[1]
cars / fridges / white goods / construction etc.
[1]
credit any sensible suggestion e.g. roofing, nails, screws, radiators
or
stainless steel
[1]
cutlery / chemical plant / jewellery / (kitchen) utensils / named kitchen utensil / in cars /
surgical equipment / car exhausts etc.
[1]
not vanadium steel (this is in the question)
(c) (i) V2O3
VO2
[1]
[1]
(ii) add sodium hydroxide(aq) or other named alkali

not ammonia
cond vanadium(IV) oxide dissolves / reacts
filter (to remove vanadium(III) oxide)
[1]
[1]
[1]
[Total: 12]
UCLES 2010
Page 3
3

Syllabus
0620
Paper
33
(a) (i) silver, tin (cobalt and magnesium not possible to decide)
for silver less reactive then tin = 1
[2]
(ii) magnesium and cobalt salt / compound / ions

or
cobalt and magnesium salt / compound / ions
[1]
(iii) Sn + 2Ag+ Sn2+ + 2Ag

all species correct = 1
balancing = 1
Sn to Sn2+ oxidation (can be written separately or as a correct half-equation)
(b) no reaction
Mg(OH)2 MgO + H2O
[2]
[1]
[1]
[1]
accept multiples
(c) (i) it forms positive ions / loses or gives electrons

electrons move / flow from this electrode / enter the circuit / electrons flow from
negative to positive (so it is negative)
[1]
[1]
(ii) bigger voltage of Zn/Cu cell than Sn/Cu cell

or
zinc is negative relative to tin (in the third cell)
[1]
(iii) magnesium / more reactive metal (must be named) instead of zinc

not anything above calcium in the reactivity series
or
silver / less reactive metal (must be named) instead of copper
or
use (more) concentrated acid
[1]
(iv) polarities correct that is Zn - and Sn +

0.6 V
[1]
[1]
[Total: 14]
(a) (i) H2 on RHS

ignore any other species on RHS
rest of equation fully correct i.e. 2H+ + 2e H2
(ii) H+ removed / escapes / discharged / used up / reduced
(equilibrium) moves to RHS / more water molecules ionise or
dissociate / forward reaction favoured
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(iii) oxygen / O2
not O
[1]
(iv) carbon / graphite / platinum (electrode)
[1]
(b) (i) to make ammonia / in petroleum processing / balloons / rocket fuel / fuel for cars /
hardening of fats / fuel cells / fuel (unqualified) / making hydrochloric acid
[1]
(ii) to sterilise / disinfect it / kill bacteria / bugs / microbes / micro-organisms / germs
UCLES 2010
[1]
Page 4

Syllabus
0620
Paper
33
(c) (i) (reference to) volume and time / how long it takes
[1]
(ii) carry out experiment with different intensities of light / one in light and one in
dark / repeat experiment in reduced light
measure new rate which would be faster or slower depending on light intensity
[1]
[1]
[Total: 11]
5
(a) (i) Mg + 2CH3COOH (CH3COO)2Mg + H2

correct formula of magnesium ethanoate
ignore charges
[1]
[1]
sodium ethanoate + water
[1]
(ii) ethyl ethanoate

displayed formula
[1]
[1]
(b) (i) add up to 5.8 g
[1]
(ii) moles of C atoms = 2.4/12 = 0.2

moles of H atoms = 0.2/1 = 0.2
moles of O atoms = 3.2/16 = 0.2
all three correct = 2
two correct = 1
empirical formula CHO
[2]
[1]
(iii) 116/29 = 4
C4H4O4
correct formula with no working scores both marks.
(iv) HOOCCH=CHCOOH / CH2=C(COOH)2
[1]
[1]
[2]
[Total: 13]
(a) (i) 6e between two nitrogen atoms (can be any combination of dots or crosses)
1 lone pair on each nitrogen atom
(ii)
[1]
[1]
SOLID
GAS
PATTERN
regular / lattice (not fixed)
random / irregular / no pattern
[1]
DISTANCE
close
far apart / spread out
[1]
MOVEMENT
vibrate / fixed / no motion
moving / translational
[1]
(b) (i) particles/molecules have more energy / move faster

[1]
collide harder / collide more frequently / more collisions / collide with more force (with the
walls)
[1]
UCLES 2010
Page 5

Syllabus
0620
(ii) (1) nitrogen has smaller Mr / lighter molecules / lower density

nitrogen molecules / particles move faster (than chlorine molecules)
Paper
33
[1]
[1]
(2) at higher temperature nitrogen molecules or particles (not atoms) move faster /
have more energy
[1]
[Total: 10]
7
(a) (i) lighter / light / lightweight / lower density

does not corrode / rust / oxidised
ignore cheaper / easier to mould
[1]
[1]
(ii) credit any two sensible suggestions e.g. rope / clothing / netting / string / carpets / fishing
line / fishing nets / parachutes / tyres / tents / bottles / thread / umbrellas / curtains /
toothbrushes / cassettes / video tapes
[2]
(iii) non-biodegradeable / do not rot / do not decompose / persist for years / accumulate
landfill sites limited / getting filled up
visual pollution
danger to fish / animals
(burn to form) toxic gases / harmful gases / pollutant gases / acidic gases / CO / HCl /
HF / HCN
not oxides of nitrogen / sulfur
any three
[3]
(b) (i) propene / propylene
accept prop-1-ene
not prop-2-ene
CH3-CH=CH2
double bond must be shown
[1]
[1]
(ii) correct repeat unit (one or more whole repeat units must be given)
cond continuation
(c) (i) amide / peptide / polypeptide
[1]
[1]
[1]
(ii) protein / polypeptide
[1]
(iii) H2N(CH2)6NH2
HOOC(CH2)8COOH
[1]
[Total: 15]
UCLES 2010
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0620 CHEMISTRY
0620/31
examination.
Cambridge will not enter into discussions or correspondence in connection with these mark schemes.
Cambridge is publishing the mark schemes for the May/June 2011 question papers for most IGCSE,
syllabuses.
Page 2
1

IGCSE May/June 2011
Syllabus
0620
Paper
31
(a) F or B
diffusion / fractional distillation
[1]
(b) A
simple distillation
[1]
(c) D
chromatography
[1]
(d) E
filtration
[1]
(e) C
evaporation
[1]
(f) B
fractional distillation
[1]
(a) (i) photosynthesis or a photochemical reaction

not an example, question requires a process
not devices which convert light into electricity
[1]
(ii) cell
accept battery
not generator
[1]
(b) (i) correct formula
[1]
cond following marks conditional on correct formula

If covalent mark 1 only
correct charges
6x and 2o around anion
do NOT penalise for incorrect coding
ignore electrons around potassium
(ii) correct formula
If ionic mark 1 only
cond
2 bp and 2 nbp around selenium
1 bp and 3 nbp around both chlorine atoms
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(iii) the ionic compound

higher melting point / boiling point / less volatile
conducts when molten or aqueous, covalent compound does not
is soluble in water, covalent is not / ionic insoluble in organic solvents, covalent soluble
in organic solvents
harder
any two
[2]
note there has to be comparison between the ionic compound and the covalent
compound
not density
University of Cambridge International Examinations 2011
Page 3

IGCSE May/June 2011
Syllabus
0620
Paper
31
(c) base
not alkali
accepts a proton
accepts hydrogen ion / H+ only [1]
proton and H+ [2]
3
(a) any four max 4

carbon forms carbon dioxide / carbon monoxide
this is a gas it escapes / blown out / diffuses
silicon forms silicon(IV) oxide / silica
/ silicon(IV) oxide present in impure iron
silicon(IV) oxide reacts with calcium oxide to form slag or calcium silicate
slag removed from surface
accept skimmed, syphoned, poured off
not tapped
accept correct formula or equations
not calcium oxide reacts with silicon
[1]
[2]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
max [4]
(b) (i) any sensible suggestion harder/stronger/can be tailored for a specific use/more
resistant to corrosion
[1]
not steel does not rust
(ii) mild steel cars or any vehicle/bicycles/white goods/screws or nails/roof/bridges/tools/
buildings/ships/pipes/machinery etc.
[1]
stainless steel chemical plants/cooking utensils/jewellery/cutlery/surgical equipment/
kitchen sinks/pipes/etc.
[1]
(c) (i) strong attractive forces / strong bonds / bonds hard to break / requires a lot of
energy to break bonds
not between ions, not between positive and negative ions,
not between electrons
between positive ions and (negative) electrons / opposite charges attract
(ii) because the layers, lattice or rows of ions/cations
accept sheets of ions
not atoms / molecules / protons / nuclei
can move / slip / slide past each other
(a) (i) 2ZnS + 3O2 2ZnO + 2SO2

not balanced only [1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[2]
(ii) two reagents from named metal(s) more reactive than zinc/carbon monoxide
not hydrogen
[2]
(iii) they have different boiling points

cadmium will distil first then zinc leaving lead/lead distilled last
[1]
[1]
Page 4

IGCSE May/June 2011
Syllabus
0620
Paper
31
(b) for a high yield need low temperature

then rate would be too slow or uneconomic
a discussion of optimum temperature could score mark 1 and 2
[1]
[1]
presence of catalyst would increase rate (at same temperature)

does not alter the yield (at that temperature)
/ economic rate at lower temperature, therefore higher yield
[1]
[1]
higher pressure which would increase yield / rate

yield high enough / high pressure expensive
[1]
[1]
max [4]
accept reverse arguments

note increase yield X position of equilibrium to right
5
(a) (i) 2Li + 2HI 2LiI + H2
[1]
(ii) zinc carbonate + hydriodic acid zinc iodide + carbon dioxide + water
[1]
(iii) MgO + 2HI MgI2 + H2O
[1]
(b) reaction 1 is redox / Li/2HI reaction

cond reason either oxidation number/state / electron transfer
[1]
[1]
(c) with hydriodic acid iodine formed / goes dark brown / grey/black solid
[1]
not purple vapour not purple/black solution

with hydrobromic acid bromine formed / goes orange / yellow / brown / reddish brown / red
/ brown vapour
[1]
note can accept brown for iodine provided bromine is different orange/brown etc.
(d) (i) the reaction is exothermic / reaction produces heat/energy
all the sodium hydroxide used up/neutralised / reaction has stopped
[1]
[1]
(ii) adding colder acid / no more heat produced

if not given in (d)(i) any comments such as reaction has stopped can gain mark
[1]
(iii) 1.33 / 1.3 / 1.3333 (mol/dm3) scores both marks

not 1.34
for a correct method M1 V1 / moles of NaOH = 0.02
with an incorrect answer only [1]
[2]
Page 5
6

IGCSE May/June 2011
Syllabus
0620
Paper
31
(a) (i) cracking / heat with catalyst

[1]
to make butane
[1]
butene reacts with steam/water / hydrated
[1]
accept heat and catalyst for cracking but if specified: 450 to 800C zeolites /
aluminosilicates / silica / aluminium oxide/alumina / china / broken pot / porcelain /
chromium oxide
(ii) glucose / sugar changed to alcohol / ethanol
accept an unbalanced equation
(catalysed by) enzymes / yeast
[2]
[1]
(b) butanoic acid

CH3-CH2-CH2-COOH
hydrogen atoms omitted from ends of bonds, penalise once
[1]
[1]
(c) (i) ester
[1]
(ii) C6H12O2
ignore CH3COOC4H9
[1]
(iii) correct structural formula of butyl ethanoate showing all bonds
[2]
(a) metal A is magnesium

cond most reactive or fastest reaction
[1]
[1]
metal B is aluminium
[1]
cond faster reaction after removal of oxide layer / it would give more hydrogen / aluminium
more reactive than zinc
[1]
metal C is zinc
[1]
zinc least reactive
[1]
NOTE MAX [5]
If you encounter different reasoning which is correct, please award the appropriate marks.
(b) for magnesium and zinc same volume of hydrogen
[1]
because both have valency of 2 / 1 mole of metal gives 1 mole of hydrogen / 1 mole of metal
reacts with 2 moles of acid
[1]
bigger volume for aluminium because its valency is 3 / 1 mole of metal gives 1.5 moles of
hydrogen / 1 mole of metal reacts with 3 moles of acid
[1]
If you encounter different reasoning which is correct, please award the appropriate marks.
accept balanced equations
accept ionic charges as alternative to valency
Page 6
8

IGCSE May/June 2011
Syllabus
0620
(a) addition polymer only product / only one product

accept monomer has C=C
accept monomer and polymer have same empirical formula
accept no loss of material in polymerisation
not only one monomer
condensation polymer and water / small molecule formed
Paper
31
[1]
[1]
(b) -CH2 CCl2repeat unit correct

COND continuation
[1]
[1]
(c) CH2=CHOOCCH3
[1]
(d) -OC(CH2)4CONH(CH2)6NHCOND amide correct linkage

correct repeat units
continuation
not NH2 or COOH endings
[1]
[1]
[1]
[Total: 80]
co
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0620 CHEMISTRY
0620/32
examination.
syllabuses.
Page 2
1

IGCSE May/June 2011
Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
(i) Rb / Sr
[1]
(ii) I
[1]
(iii) Fe
[1]
(iv) P
[1]
(v) Si
[1]
(a) (i) no reaction
[1]
Fe + Sn2+ Fe2+ + Sn / 2Fe + 3Sn2+ 2Fe3+ + 3Sn

for realising that there would be a reaction shown by an attempt to write an
equation e.g. writing Fe2Sn etc. allow [1]
[2]
no reaction
[1]
(ii) tin oxide, nitrogen dioxide (accept nitogen(IV) oxide/dinitrogen tetroxide), oxygen
All three for two
accept correct formulae
any two correct products
(b) (i) tin
[2]
[1]
[1]
(ii) 4OH O2 + 2H2O + 4e

not balanced allow [1]
[2]
(iii) sulfuric acid
[1]
(c) zinc is more reactive than iron/steel

tin is less reactive than iron/steel
[1]
[1]
zinc corrodes/reacts/loses electrons/is oxidised/is anodic/provides sacrificial protection/

forms positive ions (in preference to iron or steel) ORA
allow iron is cathodic for this mark.
[1]
Iron/steel corrodes/reacts/rusts/loses electrons/is oxidised/is anodic/forms positive ions (in
preference to tin). ORA
allow tin is cathodic for this mark
[1]
Page 3
3

IGCSE May/June 2011
Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
(a) (i) concentration of thiosulfate is proportional to volume of thiosulfate solution added (when
total volume is same in all experiments) / concentration of acid always the same
[2]
for comments based on amount / to make experiments fair / comparable allow [1]
(ii) 240 s
[1]
(iii) decreases/reaction slower

because concentration of thiosulfate decreases
frequency/chances/rate of collisions decreases
[1]
[1]
[1]
one mark can be scored for less/smaller amount/smaller volume of thiosulfate / less
collisions
(b) rate increases with temperature (or at 42 C) ORA
[1]
particles/molecules/ions move faster or gain energy / ORA

(dont accept reactants or atoms)
[1]
more collisions / ORA
[1]
(last mark is for qualification of the collisions) i.e.

greater frequency / more per unit time/more often /greater chance/more likely/more collision
rate/more effective/more successful/more with activation energy / ORA
[1]
4
One redox equation

accept Fe2O3 + 3CO 2Fe + 3CO2
2Fe2O3 + 3C 4Fe + 3CO2
Fe2O3 + 3C 2Fe + 3CO
C + O2 CO2
CO2 + C 2CO
[1]
one acid/base equation

CaO + SiO2 CaSiO3
or CaCO3 + SiO2 CaSiO3 + CO2
[1]
three more equations or comments

carbon burns to form carbon dioxide
this reaction is exothermic or produces heat
carbon dioxide is reduced to carbon monoxide
carbon monoxide reduces hematite to iron
carbon reduces hematite to iron
limestone removes silica which is an impurity
to form slag which is a waste product
limestone decomposes or symbol/word equation
[3]
Page 4

IGCSE May/June 2011
Syllabus
0620
(a) Zn + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + H2 / Zn + 2H+ Zn2+ + H2
Paper
32
[2]
marks are for correct reactants [1] correct products [1]

If ionic equation is given dont penalise SO42 spectator ions on both sides
(b) (exothermic because) a cell produces (electrical) energy/electricity
[1]
the next two marks score for

electrons are lost AND gained / oxidation no. or state/valency both increases and decreases
/ two correct half equations i.e. Zn Zn2+ + 2e and 2H+ + 2e H2
[2]
(c) zinc
[1]
cond it is the more reactive metal / it supplies electrons / it forms ions more readily than iron
[1]
(d) replace zinc with magnesium
replace iron with copper
use (more) concentrated sulfuric acid
accept use a more concentrated acid / a more concentrated solution
any two
[2]
Page 5
6

IGCSE May/June 2011
Syllabus
0620
(a) (i) rate at which methanol formed by forward reaction

equals rate it is reacting in back reaction
rate of forward reaction equals rate of back reaction allow [1]
(ii) low/lower/decreased temperature
high/higher/increased pressure
Explanations not needed but if they are given they must be correct
IGNORE values of temperature and pressure
Paper
32
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(iii) high pressure can be used / lower pressure due to expense or safety
[1]
cannot use a low temperature as rate would be too slow the rate would not be economic
[1]
(b) (i) ester
[1]
(ii) soap/sodium stearate or any acceptable salt/glycerol
[1]
(iii) burning both fuels forms carbon
[1]
growing plants to make biodiesel removes carbon dioxide

from atmosphere
(c) (i) correct SF of an octane
(ii) add bromine (water)/bromine in an organic solvent
result octane remains brown/orange/yellow/red
result octane goes colourless/decolourises
not clear/discolours
colour of reagent must be shown somewhere for [3] otherwise max [2]
accept equivalent test using KMnO4 in acid or alkali
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
Page 6
7

IGCSE May/June 2011
Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
(a) 3 bp and 1nbp around phosphorus

1 bp and 3nbp around each chlorine
[1]
[1]
(b) (i) PCl3 + 3H2O 3HCl + H3PO3
[1]
(ii) acid solutions same concentration

measure pH/pH paper/Universal indicator
hydrochloric acid lower pH
[1]
[1]
[1]
colours of Universal indicator can be given as red<orange<yellow

ignore precise pH values as long as HCl is lower than H3PO3
OR Acid solutions same concentration
[1]
add magnesium or any named metal above Hydrogen in reactivity series but not above
magnesium
calcium carbonate or any insoluble carbonate
[1]
hydrochloric acid react faster/shorter time
[1]
OR acid solutions same concentration
hydrochloric acid better conductor/bulb brighter
[1]
[1]
[1]

add sodium thiosulphate
hydrochloric acid forms precipitate faster/less time
[1]
[1]
[1]
(iii) sodium hydroxide/sodium carbonate

titration cond on correct reagent
second mark scores for mention of titration /burette/pipette/indicator.
experimental detail not required
[1]
[1]
any named soluble calcium salt e.g. calcium chloride/nitrate/hydroxide
[1]
precipitation/filter/decant/centrifuge
[1]
Page 7
8

IGCSE May/June 2011
Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
(a) (i) (to avoid) carbon monoxide formation/so complete combustion occurs/avoid incomplete
combustion So that CO2 is produced
[1]
CO does not dissolve/react with alkali
[1]
(ii) CO2 is acidic
[1]
(iii) volume of gaseous hydrocarbon 20 cm3

volume of oxygen used = 90 cm3
volume of carbon dioxide formed = 60 cm3
[1]
[1]
no mark for 20 cm3 of hydrocarbon.

(iv) 2C3H6(g)/2CxHy(g) + 9O2(g) 6CO2(g) + 6H2O(l)
[1]
OR C3H6(g) + 9/2O2(g) 3CO2(g) + 3H2O(l)

C3H6
[1]
C3H6 can be given in the equation for the second mark

(b) (i) correct structural or displayed formula of another chlorobutane / dichlorobutane /
polychlorobutane
[1]
(ii) light / 200 C / lead tetraethyl
[1]
(iii) cracking is the decomposition/breaking down of an alkane/hydrocarbon/petroleum

heat/high temperature / Temperature between 450 C to 800 C
OR catalyst / named catalyst
to give a simpler alkane and alkene
[1]
word equation or equation as example
[1]
[1]
[1]
to make polymers / to increase petrol fraction / organic chemicals/petrochemicals /

hydrogen
[1]
any four
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0620 CHEMISTRY
0620/33
examination.
syllabuses.
Page 2
1

IGCSE May/June 2011
Syllabus
0620
Paper
33
(i) Rb / Sr
[1]
(ii) I
[1]
(iii) Fe
[1]
(iv) P
[1]
(v) Si
[1]
(a) (i) no reaction
[1]
Fe + Sn2+ Fe2+ + Sn / 2Fe + 3Sn2+ 2Fe3+ + 3Sn

for realising that there would be a reaction shown by an attempt to write an
equation e.g. writing Fe2Sn etc. allow [1]
[2]
no reaction
[1]
(ii) tin oxide, nitrogen dioxide (accept nitogen(IV) oxide/dinitrogen tetroxide), oxygen
All three for two
accept correct formulae
any two correct products
(b) (i) tin
[2]
[1]
[1]
(ii) 4OH O2 + 2H2O + 4e

not balanced allow [1]
[2]
(iii) sulfuric acid
[1]
(c) zinc is more reactive than iron/steel

tin is less reactive than iron/steel
[1]
[1]
zinc corrodes/reacts/loses electrons/is oxidised/is anodic/provides sacrificial protection/

forms positive ions (in preference to iron or steel) ORA
allow iron is cathodic for this mark.
[1]
Iron/steel corrodes/reacts/rusts/loses electrons/is oxidised/is anodic/forms positive ions (in
preference to tin). ORA
allow tin is cathodic for this mark
[1]
Page 3
3

IGCSE May/June 2011
Syllabus
0620
Paper
33
(a) (i) concentration of thiosulfate is proportional to volume of thiosulfate solution added (when
total volume is same in all experiments) / concentration of acid always the same
[2]
for comments based on amount / to make experiments fair / comparable allow [1]
(ii) 240 s
[1]
(iii) decreases/reaction slower

because concentration of thiosulfate decreases
frequency/chances/rate of collisions decreases
[1]
[1]
[1]
one mark can be scored for less/smaller amount/smaller volume of thiosulfate / less
collisions
(b) rate increases with temperature (or at 42 C) ORA
[1]
particles/molecules/ions move faster or gain energy / ORA

(dont accept reactants or atoms)
[1]
more collisions / ORA
[1]
(last mark is for qualification of the collisions) i.e.

greater frequency / more per unit time/more often /greater chance/more likely/more collision
rate/more effective/more successful/more with activation energy / ORA
[1]
4
One redox equation

accept Fe2O3 + 3CO 2Fe + 3CO2
2Fe2O3 + 3C 4Fe + 3CO2
C + O2 CO2
CO2 + C 2CO
[1]
one acid/base equation

CaO + SiO2 CaSiO3
or CaCO3 + SiO2 CaSiO3 + CO2
[1]
three more equations or comments

carbon burns to form carbon dioxide
this reaction is exothermic or produces heat
carbon dioxide is reduced to carbon monoxide
carbon monoxide reduces hematite to iron
carbon reduces hematite to iron
limestone removes silica which is an impurity
to form slag which is a waste product
limestone decomposes or symbol/word equation
[3]
Page 4

IGCSE May/June 2011
Syllabus
0620
(a) Zn + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + H2 / Zn + 2H+ Zn2+ + H2
Paper
33
[2]
marks are for correct reactants [1] correct products [1]

If ionic equation is given dont penalise SO42 spectator ions on both sides
(b) (exothermic because) a cell produces (electrical) energy/electricity
[1]
the next two marks score for

electrons are lost AND gained / oxidation no. or state/valency both increases and decreases
/ two correct half equations i.e. Zn Zn2+ + 2e and 2H+ + 2e H2
[2]
(c) zinc
[1]
cond it is the more reactive metal / it supplies electrons / it forms ions more readily than iron
[1]
(d) replace zinc with magnesium
replace iron with copper
use (more) concentrated sulfuric acid
accept use a more concentrated acid / a more concentrated solution
any two
[2]
Page 5
6

IGCSE May/June 2011
Syllabus
0620
(a) (i) rate at which methanol formed by forward reaction

equals rate it is reacting in back reaction
rate of forward reaction equals rate of back reaction allow [1]
(ii) low/lower/decreased temperature
high/higher/increased pressure
Explanations not needed but if they are given they must be correct
IGNORE values of temperature and pressure
Paper
33
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(iii) high pressure can be used / lower pressure due to expense or safety
[1]
cannot use a low temperature as rate would be too slow the rate would not be economic
[1]
(b) (i) ester
[1]
(ii) soap/sodium stearate or any acceptable salt/glycerol
[1]
(iii) burning both fuels forms carbon
[1]
growing plants to make biodiesel removes carbon dioxide

from atmosphere
(c) (i) correct SF of an octane
(ii) add bromine (water)/bromine in an organic solvent
result octane remains brown/orange/yellow/red
result octane goes colourless/decolourises
not clear/discolours
colour of reagent must be shown somewhere for [3] otherwise max [2]
accept equivalent test using KMnO4 in acid or alkali
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
Page 6
7

IGCSE May/June 2011
Syllabus
0620
Paper
33
(a) 3 bp and 1nbp around phosphorus

1 bp and 3nbp around each chlorine
[1]
[1]
(b) (i) PCl3 + 3H2O 3HCl + H3PO3
[1]
(ii) acid solutions same concentration

measure pH/pH paper/Universal indicator
hydrochloric acid lower pH
[1]
[1]
[1]
colours of Universal indicator can be given as red<orange<yellow

ignore precise pH values as long as HCl is lower than H3PO3
OR Acid solutions same concentration
[1]
add magnesium or any named metal above Hydrogen in reactivity series but not above
magnesium
calcium carbonate or any insoluble carbonate
[1]
hydrochloric acid react faster/shorter time
[1]
hydrochloric acid better conductor/bulb brighter
[1]
[1]
[1]

add sodium thiosulphate
hydrochloric acid forms precipitate faster/less time
[1]
[1]
[1]
(iii) sodium hydroxide/sodium carbonate

titration cond on correct reagent
second mark scores for mention of titration /burette/pipette/indicator.
experimental detail not required
[1]
[1]
any named soluble calcium salt e.g. calcium chloride/nitrate/hydroxide
[1]
precipitation/filter/decant/centrifuge
[1]
Page 7
8

IGCSE May/June 2011
Syllabus
0620
Paper
33
(a) (i) (to avoid) carbon monoxide formation/so complete combustion occurs/avoid incomplete
combustion So that CO2 is produced
[1]
CO does not dissolve/react with alkali
[1]
(ii) CO2 is acidic
[1]
(iii) volume of gaseous hydrocarbon 20 cm3

volume of oxygen used = 90 cm3
[1]
[1]
no mark for 20 cm3 of hydrocarbon.

(iv) 2C3H6(g)/2CxHy(g) + 9O2(g) 6CO2(g) + 6H2O(l)
[1]
OR C3H6(g) + 9/2O2(g) 3CO2(g) + 3H2O(l)

C3H6
[1]
C3H6 can be given in the equation for the second mark

(b) (i) correct structural or displayed formula of another chlorobutane / dichlorobutane /
polychlorobutane
[1]
(ii) light / 200 C / lead tetraethyl
[1]
(iii) cracking is the decomposition/breaking down of an alkane/hydrocarbon/petroleum

heat/high temperature / Temperature between 450 C to 800 C
OR catalyst / named catalyst
to give a simpler alkane and alkene
[1]
word equation or equation as example
[1]
[1]
[1]
to make polymers / to increase petrol fraction / organic chemicals/petrochemicals /

hydrogen
[1]
any four
co
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0620 CHEMISTRY
0620/31
examination.
Cambridge is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2011 question papers for most
IGCSE, GCE Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level syllabuses and some Ordinary Level
syllabuses.
Page 2
1

Syllabus
0620
(a) (i) lithium oxide / strontium oxide
[1]
(ii) sulfur dioxide / nitrogen dioxide
[1]
(iii) aluminium oxide
[1]
(iv) carbon monoxide

accept: correct formulae
[1]
(b) sulfur dioxide

burn (fossil) fuel containing sulfur / volcanoes
nitrogen dioxide
reaction of nitrogen and oxygen
high temperatures / in car engine
not: exhaust
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(c) (i) strontium oxide

accept: aluminium oxide
[1]
(ii) use correct formula

cond: charges on ions
6x and 2o around oxygen
ignore: electrons around Li
2
Paper
31
(a) (i) (waste gases) from animals

decaying vegetation / anaerobic decay
accept: decomposition of organic material / natural gas
(ii) carbon dioxide
water
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(b) photosynthesis removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere

[1]
both respiration and combustion produce carbon dioxide
[1]
any two of the following:
[2]
plants photosynthesis changes carbon dioxide into carbohydrates
(burning) of fossil fuels / named fuel / petrol / alkanes
respiration by living organisms to obtain energy from
carboncontaining compounds
comment that the balance between these processes determines the percentage of carbon
dioxide
Page 3
3

Syllabus
0620
Paper
31
(a) (i) bauxite
[1]
(ii) lowers melting point

[1]
better conductor / reduces amount of energy needed / reduces cost / more
economic / makes process viable / conserves energy
[1]
(iii) aluminium more reactive than copper / aluminium higher in reactivity series
hydrogen not aluminium formed at cathode
[1]
[1]
(b) Al 3+ + 3e Al
[1]
2
[2]
2O O2 + 4e
note: not balanced = 1
oxygen reacts with carbon (anode) to form carbon dioxide / C + O2 CO2
[1]
note: if mark(s) for an electrode reaction are not awarded then allow aluminium ions accept
electrons / are reduced
[1]
oxide ion loses electrons / is oxidised
[1]
max 4
(c) (i) protective oxide layer
[1]
(ii) aluminium low density / light

[1]
aluminium is a good conductor
[1]
strength / prevent sagging / allows greater separation of pylons / core made of
steel because it is strong
[1]
4
(a) rate of forward reaction equals rate of back reaction

concentrations do not change / macroscopic properties remain constant (with time)
accept: amounts
[1]
[1]
(b) (i) increase

reaction 2
Vr > Vp
[1]
[1]
[1]
(ii) same
reaction 1
Vr = Vp
[1]
[1]
[1]
(iii) decrease
reaction 3
Vp > Vr
accept: moles of gas / molecules of gas as an alternative to volume
[1]
[1]
[1]
Page 4
5

Syllabus
0620
(a) (i) rate of reaction decreases / gradient decreases

because concentration of bromine decreases
reaction stops because all bromine is used up
[1]
[1]
[1]
(ii) initial rate greater / gradient greater

because bigger surface area / more particles of iron exposed
or:
final mass the same
because mass of bromine is the same so the same mass of iron is used
[1]
[1]
(iii) increase / decrease / change rate of stirring / not stirred

measure new rate / compare results
[1]
[1]
(b) (i) Fe to Fe2+

because oxidation is electron loss / increase in oxidation number
(ii) Fe
Paper
31
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(c) add sodium hydroxide solution / ammonia(aq)

Fe2+
green precipitate
Fe3+
brown precipitate
[1]
[1]
[1]
(a) (i) correct structural formula of ethanoic acid

allow: OH not: COOH
[1]
(ii) correct structural formula of ethanol

allow: OH
(b) (i) ethyl ethanoate
(ii) OC6H4COOCH2CH2O
correct ester linkage
correct repeat units
continuation
accept: boxes if it is clear what the box represents
(iii) any two from:
long time to decay
landfill sites
visual pollution / litter
danger to animals
poisonous gases when burnt
accept: any correct suggestion
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[2]
Page 5

Syllabus
0620
Paper
31
(c) synthetic only two monomers

protein many different monomers
or:
protein has 1 C=O and 1NH
nylon has 2 C=O / 2NH
or:
synthetic one monomer is a dicarboxylic acid and the other is a diamine
protein all monomers are amino acids
7
(a) (i) any Group 1 metal

accept: LiOH
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(ii) Cu(OH)2 CuO + H2O

note: products only = 1
[2]
(iii) reactivity of metals / metals have different reactivities
[1]
(b) (i) zinc oxide, nitrogen dioxide, oxygen

note: two correct = 1
(ii) 2KNO3 2KNO2 + O2
note: unbalanced = 1, correct word equation = 1
[2]
[2]
(c) calculation:
Mr for NaHCO3 = 84 g; Mr for Na2O = 62 g; Mr for NaOH = 40 g
Mr for Na2CO3 = 106 g
(i) number of moles of NaHCO3 used = 3.36/84 = 0.04
[1]
(ii) if residue is Na2O, number of moles of Na2O = 2.12/62

=0.034 / 0.03
if residue is NaOH, number of moles of NaOH = 2.12/40
= 0.053 / 0.05
if reside is Na2CO3, number of moles of Na2CO3 = 2.12/106 =0.02 all three correct
note: two correct = 1
(iii) equation 3
mole ratio 2:1 agrees with equation
[2]
[1]
[1]
co
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0620 CHEMISTRY
0620/32
examination.
syllabuses.
Page 2
1

Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
(a) 27p 32n 27e

27p 32n 25e
[1]
[1]
(b) (i) same proton number / same number of protons / same atomic number
different nucleon number / different number of neutrons / different mass number
[1]
[1]
(ii) same electron distribution

allow: same proton number and same number of electrons
not: same number of electrons / same number of shells
[1]
(iii) industrial detection of leaks / thickness of paper etc. / nuclear fuel for generating
electricity / nuclear weapons / radiographs of welds / measuring wear / sterilising food [1]
not: carbon dating
medical treatment of cancer, radiotherapy, treatment of thyroid gland, X rays, tracer
studies in body, sterilising equipment, locating tumours
accept: X-rays only once
2
[1]
(a) burns to form sulfur dioxide

acid rain / any problem associated with acid rain / sulfur dioxide is poisonous
[1]
[1]
(b) (i) bigger surface area

burns / reacts faster / greater number of collisions
not: more sulfur dioxide
[1]
[1]
(ii) kills microbes / bacteria / fungi etc.

accept: anti-oxidant / stops oxygen oxidising juice / prevents growth of bacteria
[1]
(iii) bleach / refrigerant / making wine / fumigant /insecticide / dyes

not: making sulfuric acid
[1]
(c) 2SO2 + O2 2SO3

temperature 400 to 450 oC
pressure 1 to 10 atmospheres
catalystvanadium(V) oxide / vanadium oxide
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(d) SO3 + H2SO4 H2S2O7

H2S2O7 + H2O 2H2SO4
[1]
[1]
Page 3
3

Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
(a) (i) heat / roast in air / oxygen

accept: burn in air / oxygen
(ii) (reduce) with carbon / carbon monoxide
(b) test it with both hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide(aq)
accept: any named strong acid and any strong alkali
if only acid and alkali given then max = 3
basic oxide reacts with acid
acidic oxide reacts with alkali/base
amphoteric reacts with both
accept: for react form salt and water
(c) (i) at equilibrium
rate of forward reaction equals rate of back reaction / concentrations remain
constant / macroscopic properties do not change with time
accept: amounts do not change with time
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(ii) equilibrium moves to left (SbOCl used up)

hydrochloric acid removed by reacting with SbOCl
precipitate dissolves in hydrochloric acid
[1]
(iii) add water / dilute / add an alkali / add more SbCl3 / add a base / add a carbonate
[1]
(a) (i) ScF3

correct charges
7o and 1x around fluorine
(ii) strong forces / bonds between ions
accept: lattice as alternative to bonds / requires a lot of energy
to break bond between ions
not: giant molecular / IMFs
(b) (i) 1Si surrounded by 4O
1O surrounded by 2Si
looks or stated to be tetrahedral
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(ii) silicon(IV) oxide does not conduct and (molten) scandium fluoride
does conduct
not: good and poor
[1]
(iii) scandium fluoride contains ions (silicon(IV) oxide does not)

ions can move when molten or in solution
[1]
[1]
Page 4
5

Syllabus
0620
(a) CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH
88
156 to159 oC
Paper
32
[1]
[1]
[1]
(b) any two from:

(same) general (molecular) formula
(c) correct structure and 4bp around carbon
2bp and 2nbp around oxygen
1bp on hydrogens
[1]
[1]
[1]
(d) (i) correct structural formula for propanoic acid

allow: OH but all other bonds to be shown
[1]
(ii) air / oxygen

bacteria / microbes / micro-organisms
accept: mother of vinegar
not: yeast
(e) propyl ethanoate
allow: CH3COOC3H7 not: C5H10O2
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
Page 5
6

Syllabus
0620
(a) (i) to neutralise all the acid / so all acid reacts

not: reaction goes to completion
Paper
32
[1]
(ii) remove excess carbonate / removes unreacted carbonate

not: remove solid
[1]
(iii) need water of crystallisation / hydrated crystals / to get crystals
[1]
(iv) filter / decant / wash crystals

dry with filter paper or tissues etc.
accept: in warm oven / warm place / in sun
not: just heat
[1]
[1]
(b) (i) potassium carbonate is soluble / both salts soluble

(ii) use potassium carbonate solution
accept: implication of solution in pipette / burette / 25 cm3
titrate / titration term required
use an indicator accept: any named acid/base indicator
repeat without indicator / use carbon to remove indicator
(c) mass of hydrated magnesium sulfate = 1.476 g
mass of barium sulfate formed = 1.398 g
the mass of one mole of BaSO4 = 233 g
the number of moles of BaSO4 formed = 0.006
the number of moles of MgSO4.xH2O used in experiment = 0.006
the mass of one mole of MgSO4.xH2O = 1.476/0.006 = 246 g
the mass of xH2O in one mole of MgSO4.xH2O = 246 120 = 126 g
x = 126/18 = 7
if x given without method = max 1
note: apply ecf but x must be an integer and less than 10
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
Page 6
7

Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
(a) fraction is the distillate collected

between 40100 oC / in the stated range
[1]
[1]
(b) (i) C8H18 + 25/2O2 8CO2 + 9H2O

accept: double the above / 12.5 in front of oxygen
[2]
(ii) poisonous / toxic / damages health / brain / kidneys

note: must relate to people
not: just harmful
[1]
(iii) dibromo 2 bromine atoms (per molecule)

not: Br2
accept: 2 bromide groups
eth 2 carbon atoms (per molecule)
ane a C-C single bond / no C=C / group CnH2n+1 / saturated
ignore: any reference to alkanes
all three correct [2] two correct only [1]
[2]
(iv) position of bromine atom(s)
[1]
(c) 0.104/0.026
n = 4
[1]
[1]
(d) (oxides of nitrogen) change carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide

oxides of nitrogen then become nitrogen
(oxides of nitrogen) change hydrocarbons into carbon dioxide and water
accept: balanced equations for first two marks
2NO + 2CO N2 + 2CO2 and 2NO N2 + O2
oxygen changes hydrocarbons into carbon dioxide and water
[1]
[1]
[1]
[2]
[1]
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0620 CHEMISTRY
0620/33
examination.
syllabuses.
Page 2
1

Syllabus
0620
Paper
33
(a) (i) Cs / Fr
[1]
(ii) Br
[1]
(iii) U / Pu / Th
[1]
(iv) I or At
[1]
(v) As
[1]
(vi) He / Ne / Ar / Kr / Xe
[1]
(b) (i) GeO2 / GeO

(ii) TeBr2 / TeBr4
(c) (i) Sr2+
[1]
[1]
(ii) F
2
[1]
[1]
(a) (i) molecule / unit / simple compound / building block and used to make a
polymer / big molecule / long chain / macromolecule
formation of a polymer / big molecule / long chain / macromolecule or joining of
monomers and elimination / removal / formation of a simple or small
molecule / H2O / HCl
note: two points needed for 1 mark in both parts
(ii) -O- linkage
three correct monomer units
continuation
(b) (i) catalyst and from living organism
accept: biological catalyst / protein catalyst
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(iii) chromatography
locating agent / description of locating agent
measure Rf / compare with standards
[1]
[1]
[1]
Page 3
3

Syllabus
0620
(a) sodium hydroxide solution

warm
(only) ammonium phosphate gives off ammonia / gas (which will turn red litmus paper
blue)
or:
sodium hydroxide solution
dissolve fertiliser in water
Ca2+ gives (white) ppt
or:
flame test
Ca2+ brick red / orange / orange-red
NH4+ no colour
[1]
[1]
(b) iron catalyst

pressure 150300 atmospheres
temperature 370470 C
N2 + 3H2 2NH3
note: units required for temperature and pressure
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(c) potassium / K
[1]
(d) (i) needs to be soluble / in solution (to be absorbed by plants)
[1]
(ii) base
proton acceptor
(e) plant growth depends on soil acidity or pH / plants have optimum pH (for growth)
add Ca(OH)2 / CaO / CaCO3 / lime / slaked lime / quicklime / limestone
4
Paper
33
(a) (i) alloy / mixture

iron and carbon / another metal or element etc.
(ii) electron loss
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(b) electrons move from / lost from Mg

to steel / iron
[1]
[1]
(c) (i) 2H+ + 2e H2

not balanced = 1
[2]
Page 4

Syllabus
0620
Paper
33
(ii) sacrificial protection is a cell

cathodic protection is electrolysis NOT electrical cell
or:
sacrificial protection electrons from more reactive metal
cathodic protection electrons from battery etc.
or:
sacrificial protection does not need or use power / battery / electricity / electrical
cell
cathodic protection does
or:
sacrificial protection uses up / needs a sacrificial / more reactive metal
cathodic protection doesnt
5
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(a) light / UV / sun / sunlight / solar energy

starts / initiates / speeds up
[1]
[1]
(b) (i) 0.03 % 1(%) carbon dioxide

accept: less than 1(%)
20 % 21(%) oxygen
[1]
(ii) remove carbon dioxide from atmosphere

produce oxygen
any two from:
photosynthesis
chlorophyll / chloroplast
light / sun / sunlight / UV / photochemical
formed carbohydrates / glucose / sugar(s)
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[2]
(c) reaction is photochemical / needs light

(light) causes formation of silver / silver ions reduced
(on formation of silver) goes black
no light still silver(I) bromide / stays white / no reaction
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(a) any three from:

barium more reactive / forms ions more readily
barium reacts with (cold) water, nickel does not
barium more vigorous with acids
nickel compounds coloured, barium compounds white
nickel has more than one oxidation state, barium has one
nickel / nickel compounds catalysts, barium / barium compounds not catalysts
nickel forms complex ions, barium does not
[3]
(b) (i) forward reaction favoured by low temperatures / reverse reaction favoured by
high temperatures / heat
exothermic
[1]
[1]
(ii) products / RHS

has fewer moles / molecules / smaller volume / ORA
[1]
[1]
(iii) do not react or left behind / left at 60 oC
[1]
Page 5

Syllabus
0620
(iv) electrolysis
cathode (pure) nickel
anode impure nickel
electrolyte is a soluble nickel salt
7
Paper
33
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(a) correct method shown

i.e. 126/14 (= 9) or 14x = 126 or x = 9 or (12 9) + 18 = 126
C9H18
note: correct formula only = 1
[1]
(b) (i) all hydrogen atoms 1bp

CC bond atoms 1bp
C=C 2 bp
[1]
[1]
[1]
(ii) correct repeat unit

continuation
[1]
[1]
(iii) bonds broken

H-H +436 (kJ/mol) C=C +610 = +1046 (kJ/mol)
bonds formed
2C-H 415 2 kJ/mol C-C 346 = 1176 (kJ/mol)
130 kJ/mol / more energy released than absorbed
or:
bonds broken
3882 (kJ/mol)
bonds formed
4012 (kJ/mol)
130 kJ/mol / more energy released than absorbed
allow: ecf for final mark as long as the answer is not positive
note: units not necessary
(c) (i) butan-1-ol or butan-2-ol or butanol
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(ii) CH3-CH2-CH(Br)-CH2Br
C4H8Br2 = 1
note: any other dibromobutane = 0
[2]
(iii) HI
[1]
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0620 CHEMISTRY
0620/31
examination.
syllabuses.
Page 2
1

IGCSE May/June 2012
Syllabus
0620
(a) (i) evaporation / boiling / vaporisation / evaporate / vaporise;

condensation / liquefaction / condense / liquefy;
Paper
31
[1]
[1]
(ii) condensation accept: correct equation H2O(g)H2O(l)

because energy / heat is given out / gas has more energy than liquid / need to supply
energy to change liquid to gas so reverse must give out energy / bonds form;
[1]
(b) chlorination / chlorine to kill microbes;
filtration or filter;
accept: sedimentation or sand or gravel or grit
(c) (i) combustion of fossil fuels;
(which contain) sulfur;
sulfur dioxide formed;
(reacts in air / with water to form) sulfurous / sulfuric acid;
OR
nitrogen and oxygen in air;
react at high temperatures / in engines;
to form oxides of nitrogen or named oxide of nitrogen;
(reacts in air / with water to form) nitrous / nitric acid;
(ii) calcium oxide is soluble in water / reacts with water to form
calcium hydroxide;
pH above 7 / the water becomes alkaline;
OR
calcium carbonate insoluble in water;
pH cannot be above 7 / water is neutral / does not make water alkaline;
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[max 4]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[max 2]
[Total: 11]
(a) nitric acid;

sodium hydroxide / carbonate / hydrogen carbonate;
[1]
[1]
copper(II) oxide / hydroxide / carbonate;
[1]
any named soluble chloride;

accept: hydrochloric acid / hydrogen chloride
silver(I) nitrate / ethanoate / sulfate;
must be soluble silver salt not silver oxide / carbonate
[1]
zinc(II) sulfate
[1]
[1]
(b) (i) Ag+(aq) + Cl (aq) AgCl(s)

equation correct state symbols missing [1]
(ii) ZnCO3 + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + CO2 + H2O
correct formula for zinc sulfate = 1
[2]
[2]
[Total: 10]
Page 3
3

IGCSE May/June 2012
Syllabus
0620
Paper
31
(a) (i) decrease down group;
[1]
(ii) caesium / francium;
[1]
(iii) 2Rb + 2H2O 2RbOH + H2

not balanced = [1]
[2]
(b) (i) Li+
[1]
(ii) N3
[1]
(iii) regular arrangement of ions / particles / positive and negative ions alternate;
not: atoms
[1]
(iv) 3:1;
ratio to balance charges / reason in terms of valency;
[1]
[1]
[Total: 9]
(a) 2 + 8 + 11 + 2
[1]
(b) hard;
strong / high tensile strength;
high mp / bp / high fixed points;
high density;
[2]
three properties = [2]

two properties = [1]
not: properties of all metals e.g. good conductor, lustre etc. or form coloured compounds
(c) catalyst would not affect yield / change position of equilibrium / affects both sides equally; [1]
(higher) temperature would reduce yield / increase in temperature would favour back
reaction;
[1]
(d) (i) V3+ is oxidant;
(ii) V3+ to V4+;
increase in oxidation number / electron loss;
[1]
[1]
[1]
[Total: 8]
(a) calcium carbonate calcium oxide + carbon dioxide

accept: correct symbol equation
Ca(OH)2 CaO + H2O
(b) (i) CuO and NO2 and O2;
accept: names or correct formulae
[1]
[1]
[1]
Page 4

IGCSE May/June 2012
Syllabus
0620
Paper
31
(ii) 2NaNO3 2NaNO2 + O2

accept: NaNO3 NaNO2 + 1/2 O2
not balanced = [1]
[2]
(c) Na / Ca;
[1]
(d) Cu; Ag;

accept: ions Cu2+ and Ag+
[2]
[Total: 8]
(a) 10 cm3;
65 cm3;
[1]
[1]
(b) (i) chlorination / substitution / photochemical / exothermic / halogenation / free radical;
[1]
(ii) (compounds) same molecular formula; different structural formulae;
[2]
(iii) CH3CH2CH2CH2Cl
CH3CH2CH(Cl)CH3
[1]
[1]
(c) (i) potassium manganate(VII) / potassium dichromate(VI) / copper(II) oxide;

note: do not insist on oxidation numbers but if given must be correct
[1]
(ii) butanoic acid;
[1]
(iii) butyl ethanoate;
[1]
correct formula all bonds shown = [2]

if alkyl groups incorrect then correct ester linkage showing bonds = [1]
[2]
[Total: 12]
Page 5
7

IGCSE May/June 2012
Syllabus
0620
Paper
31
(a) burning
produces toxic gases / harmful to health
increases greenhouse gases / global warming
reduces visual pollution / litter
reduces risks to wildlife
shortage of landfill sites / reduces space needed in landfill sites / saves space
non-biodegradable / long time to rot / decompose / accumulates waste
burning source of energy / used to generate electricity
recycling
conserves petroleum / natural resources
difficult to recycle / expensive / takes much energy
problems over sorting
reduces need for landfill
quality of plastic is reduced each time it is recycled
four DIFFERENT valid points which are advantages or disadvantages of burning and/or
recycling
(b) (i) addition (polymerisation);
[4]
[1]
(polymer) only product / no by-products;
[1]
condensation (polymerisation);
[1]
(polymer and) simple molecule / water / hydrogen chloride / one other product forms; [1]
(ii) a correct linkage (for a polyamide / polyester);
two different monomers;
[1]
[1]
[Total: 10]
(a) (i) device which changes chemical energy;

into electrical energy;
OR
produces a voltage / potential difference / electricity;
due to difference in reactivity of two metals;
OR
produces a voltage / potential difference / electricity;
by redox reactions;
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(ii) negative / electrode B / right electrode;

accept: anode because it is the electrode which supplies electrons to
external circuit
loses ions / iron ions / Fe2+ or Fe3+;
electrons move from this electrode;
[1]
[1]
(iii) change of mass of electrode / mass of rust formed;

time / mention of stop watch / regular intervals;
[1]
[1]
(iv) to make it a better conductor;
[1]
[1]
Page 6

IGCSE May/June 2012
Syllabus
0620
(b) moles of Fe = 51.85/56 = 0.926 (0.93);

moles of O = 22.22/16 = 1.389 (1.39);
moles of H2O = 16.67/18 = 0.926 (0.93);
Paper
31
[1]
[1]
[1]
if given as 0.9 1.4 0.9

three of the above correct = [2]
two of the above correct = [1]
simplest whole number mole ratio Fe : O : H2O is 2: 3: 2 / Fe2O3.2H2O;
allow: ecf for a formula based on an incorrect whole number ratio
[1]
[Total: 12]
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0620 CHEMISTRY
0620/32
examination.
syllabuses.
Page 2
1

IGCSE May/June 2012
Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
(a) neon has full outer shell / energy level / valency shell / octet / 8 (electrons) in outer shell /
neon does not need to lose or gain electrons;
[1]
fluorine atoms have 7 electrons / needs 1 to fill / has incomplete shell / forms bonds with
other fluorine atoms / fluorine (atoms) form covalent bonds / shares electrons;
[1]
(b) atomic number / proton number / number of protons (in one atom);
[1]
(c) weak intermolecular (or between molecules) forces / Van der Waals forces between
molecules / low amount of energy required to break bonds between molecules;
[1]
strong bonds dont break / covalent bonds dont break / (unnamed) bonds within molecules /
between atoms dont break;
[1]
(d) 1 non-bonding pair on each nitrogen atom;
6 electrons between nitrogen atoms;
2
[1]
[1]
(a) weak forces between layers or between (hexagonal) rings / weak bonds between layers or
between (hexagonal) rings / Van der Waals forces between layers or between (hexagonal)
rings;
[1]
(layers/rings) slip/slide (over each other) / move over each other
[1]
(b) strong bonds (between atoms) / covalent bonds (between atoms);
[1]
all bonds are covalent/strong / each atom covalently bonded / carbon (atoms) is bonded to
four others / bonds are directional / (atoms are arranged) tetrahedrally;
[1]
accept: carbon has four bonds
(c) graphite has delocalised / mobile / free electrons;
[1]
diamond (outer shell) electrons used / fixed / localised in bonding / no delocalised electrons /
no mobile electrons / no free electrons;
[1]
(a) flexible / easily form different shapes / easily moulded / bends (without cracking);
[1]
non-biodegradable / unreactive / dont corrode / prevent corrosion / prevent oxidation (of the
conducting metal) / water resistant / waterproof;
[1]
(b) improve appearance / decorative / makes appearance shiny;
[1]
prevent corrosion / rusting / protect steel / chromium will not corrode / chromium is not
oxidised / chromium protected by an oxide layer;
[1]
(c) low density / light / protected by oxide layer / no need to paint / resists corrosion / (high)
strength / strong;; any two
[2]
note: high strength to weight ratio = 2
(d) high mpt / withstands high temperature / good conductor (of heat) / heats up quickly /
malleable / ductile / resists corrosion / good appearance / unreactive (or example of lack of
reactivity e.g. does not react with food or water or acid or air);; any two
[1]
Page 3

IGCSE May/June 2012
Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
(e) (lattice) positive ions / cations / metal ions and sea of electrons / delocalised or free or mobile
or moving electrons;
[1]
attraction between positive ions and electrons;
[1]
4
(a) (i) oxygen;

carbon dioxide / fluorine / carbon monoxide;
[1]
[1]
(ii) decrease mpt (of alumina/Al2O3) / lower (operating) temperature (from 1900/2100 (C) to
800/1000 (C) / reduce energy (accept heat or electrical) requirement;
[1]
improve conductivity / dissolves the Al2O3 / acts as solvent; (allow: makes aluminium
oxide conduct / to conduct electricity / making ions free to move)
[1]
(iii) Al2O3 (accept alumina) reacts / dissolves / forms a salt and water / is neutralised;
(Fe2O3 removed by) filtration / centrifugation / decantation;
[1]
[1]
(b) (i) electrolysis / electrolyte / electrodes / anode / cathode / electricity / cell;

[1]
chlorine formed at anode (positive electrode); (note: can be awarded from a correct or
incorrect equation with Cl2 as the only substance on the right as long as anode is
mentioned.)
[1]
hydrogen formed at cathode (negative electrode); (note: can be awarded from a correct
or incorrect equation with H2 as the only substance on the right as long as cathode is
mentioned.)
[1]
one correct half equation either 2Cl Cl2 + 2e or 2H+ + 2e H2
[1]
solution remaining contains Na+ and OH / sodium and hydroxide ions / NaOH / sodium
hydroxide left behind/remains in solution;
[1]
note: if a mercury cathode is specified
electrolysis / electrolyte / electrodes / anode / cathode / electricity / cell;
[1]
mentioned.)
[1]
sodium formed at cathode; (note: can be awarded from a correct or incorrect equation
with Na as the only substance on the right as long as cathode is mentioned.)
[1]
one correct half equation at anode i.e. 2Cl Cl2 + 2e or at cathode Na+ + e Na
(accept: equivalent with NaHg amalgam)
[1]
NaOH/sodium hydroxide is formed by sodium/sodium mercury amalgam reacting with or
when added to water;
[1]
note: award the fourth and fifth mark if correct equation given for reaction between
sodium or sodium mercury amalgam reacting with water i.e.
2Na(Hg) + 2H2O 2NaOH + H2 + (2Hg)
(ii) H2 / H / hydrogen and making ammonia / making margarine / hardening fats / fuel /
energy source / cryogenics / welding;
[1]
Cl2 / Cl / chlorine and (making) bleach / water treatment / kill bacteria (in water) / water
purification / swimming pools / making solvents / making PVC / making weed killer /
making disinfectants / making hydrochloric acid / HCl / making herbicides / pesticides /
insecticides;
[1]
Page 4
5

IGCSE May/June 2012
Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
(a) (i) correct -O- linkage;

correct unit and continuation -O-- (minimum);
[1]
[1]
(ii) any name or correct formula of a (strong) acid / H+;
[1]
(iii) contain carbon hydrogen and oxygen /C, H and O;
[1]
(b) (i) glucose ethanol + carbon dioxide

(ii) yeast is catalyst / provides enzymes / speeds up reaction / too slow without yeast;
yeast cells grow / multiply / reproduce / undergo budding / breed;
[1]
[1]
[1]
(iii) heat or high temperature would kill yeast (cells) / heat or high temperature denatures
enzymes;
[1]
not: enzyme killed / denatures yeast
reduces rate of reaction / slows reaction / (yeast or enzyme) no longer catalyses / no
catalyst / stops reaction / no more product;
[1]
(c) (i) would produce carbon dioxide or carboxylic or organic acids (if oxygen is present) / to
prevent aerobic respiration / so products are not oxidised / anaerobic bacteria cant live
with oxygen;
[1]
(ii) fossil fuels have a reduced need / conserved / no need to import / will last longer /
cracking hydrocarbons to make methane no longer required;
(methane) is renewable / carbon neutral;
reduce pollution of water or sea / prevents visual pollution / prevents need for waste
disposal or accumulation (accept: any methods of waste disposal) / so that waste is
recycled; any two
[2]
6
(a) (i) A C D B
[1]
(ii) speed (or rate) increases as concentration increases / time decreases as concentration
increases;
[1]
rate or speed or time depends on (concentration) of H+ or hydrogen ions;
[1]
B is slow because propanoic acid is weak or doesnt dissociate or weakly ionises;
or
B is slow because HCl and H2SO4 are stronger or ionise or dissociate more than
propanoic;
[1]
D slower than C because C is more concentrated than D / ORA;
[1]
A is fast because H+ concentration high (note: this would also score second mark if not
already awarded) / H2SO4 is diprotic or dibasic or 2H+;
[1]
time is inversely proportional to rate / owtte / ORA;
[1]
max [5]
Page 5

IGCSE May/June 2012
Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
(b) change 1:
increase temperature / heat (the mixture);
[1]
particles/molecules/ions have more energy or move faster;
[1]
more (successful) collisions / more particles with Ea;
[1]
change 2:
increase surface area / decrease particle size / use powdered (magnesium) / use smaller
pieces / crush the magnesium;
[1]
more collisions / more particles exposed to reaction;
[1]
or
catalyst;
[1]
more (successful) collisions;
[1]
lowers Ea;
[1]
max [5]
7
(a) (i) CH2/H2C
[1]
(ii) same ratio of C:H (atoms) / all cancel to CH2 / because general formula is CnH2n / same
ratio of atoms or elements (in the compound) / C:H ratio is 1:2;
[1]
(b) (i) propanoic / propionic (acid);
ethanoic / acetic (acid);
(ii) formula of ethene / but-2-ene / any symmetrical alkene;
(c) (i) CH3CH(Br)CH2Br
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(ii) CH3CH(OH)CH3 / CH3CH2CH2OH / C3H7OH
[1]
correct unit;
accept: more than one repeat unit
continuation bonds at both ends;
[1]
(d)
(e) if C5H10 is given award 3 marks;;;

if C10H20 is given award 2 marks;;
if 1:7.5:5 / 2:15:10 is given award 2 marks;;
in all other cases a mark can be awarded for moles of O2 (= 2.4/32 =) 0.075 AND moles
of CO2 (= 2.2/44 =) 0.05;
2C5H10 + 15O2 10CO2 + 10H2O
accept: multiples including fractions
allow: ecf for correct equation from any incorrect alkene
[1]
[3]
[1]
Page 6
8

IGCSE May/June 2012
Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
(a) proton donor;
[1]
(b) equal concentrations of both (solutions);

add Universal indicator / determine pH / pH paper;
ethylamine has lower pH / ORA;
or
equal concentration of both (solutions);
measure conductivity of aqueous ethylamine and sodium hydroxide;
ethylamine will have lower conductivity / sodium hydroxide will have higher conductivity;
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(c) add strong(er) base / NaOH / KOH;

warm / heat;
[1]
[1]
(d) (ethylamine forms) hydroxide ions / OH (in water);

[1]
hydroxide ions / OH reacts with iron(III) ions / Fe3+;
or
iron(III) hydroxide / Fe(OH)3 (forms as a brown precipitate);
[1]
note: balanced or unbalanced ionic equation i.e. Fe3+ + (3)OH Fe(OH)3 scores both
marks
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0620 CHEMISTRY
0620/33
examination.
syllabuses.
Page 2
1

IGCSE May/June 2012
Syllabus
0620
Paper
33
(a) neon has full outer shell / energy level / valency shell / octet / 8 (electrons) in outer shell /
neon does not need to lose or gain electrons;
[1]
fluorine atoms have 7 electrons / needs 1 to fill / has incomplete shell / forms bonds with
other fluorine atoms / fluorine (atoms) form covalent bonds / shares electrons;
[1]
(b) atomic number / proton number / number of protons (in one atom);
[1]
(c) weak intermolecular (or between molecules) forces / Van der Waals forces between
molecules / low amount of energy required to break bonds between molecules;
[1]
strong bonds dont break / covalent bonds dont break / (unnamed) bonds within molecules /
between atoms dont break;
[1]
(d) 1 non-bonding pair on each nitrogen atom;
6 electrons between nitrogen atoms;
2
[1]
[1]
(a) weak forces between layers or between (hexagonal) rings / weak bonds between layers or
between (hexagonal) rings / Van der Waals forces between layers or between (hexagonal)
rings;
[1]
(layers/rings) slip/slide (over each other) / move over each other
[1]
(b) strong bonds (between atoms) / covalent bonds (between atoms);
[1]
all bonds are covalent/strong / each atom covalently bonded / carbon (atoms) is bonded to
four others / bonds are directional / (atoms are arranged) tetrahedrally;
[1]
accept: carbon has four bonds
(c) graphite has delocalised / mobile / free electrons;
[1]
diamond (outer shell) electrons used / fixed / localised in bonding / no delocalised electrons /
no mobile electrons / no free electrons;
[1]
(a) flexible / easily form different shapes / easily moulded / bends (without cracking);
[1]
non-biodegradable / unreactive / dont corrode / prevent corrosion / prevent oxidation (of the
conducting metal) / water resistant / waterproof;
[1]
(b) improve appearance / decorative / makes appearance shiny;
[1]
prevent corrosion / rusting / protect steel / chromium will not corrode / chromium is not
oxidised / chromium protected by an oxide layer;
[1]
(c) low density / light / protected by oxide layer / no need to paint / resists corrosion / (high)
strength / strong;; any two
[2]
note: high strength to weight ratio = 2
(d) high mpt / withstands high temperature / good conductor (of heat) / heats up quickly /
malleable / ductile / resists corrosion / good appearance / unreactive (or example of lack of
reactivity e.g. does not react with food or water or acid or air);; any two
[1]
Page 3

IGCSE May/June 2012
Syllabus
0620
Paper
33
(e) (lattice) positive ions / cations / metal ions and sea of electrons / delocalised or free or mobile
or moving electrons;
[1]
[1]
4
(a) (i) oxygen;

carbon dioxide / fluorine / carbon monoxide;
[1]
[1]
(ii) decrease mpt (of alumina/Al2O3) / lower (operating) temperature (from 1900/2100 (C) to
800/1000 (C) / reduce energy (accept heat or electrical) requirement;
[1]
improve conductivity / dissolves the Al2O3 / acts as solvent; (allow: makes aluminium
oxide conduct / to conduct electricity / making ions free to move)
[1]
(iii) Al2O3 (accept alumina) reacts / dissolves / forms a salt and water / is neutralised;
(Fe2O3 removed by) filtration / centrifugation / decantation;
[1]
[1]
(b) (i) electrolysis / electrolyte / electrodes / anode / cathode / electricity / cell;

[1]
mentioned.)
[1]
hydrogen formed at cathode (negative electrode); (note: can be awarded from a correct
or incorrect equation with H2 as the only substance on the right as long as cathode is
mentioned.)
[1]
one correct half equation either 2Cl Cl2 + 2e or 2H+ + 2e H2
[1]
solution remaining contains Na+ and OH / sodium and hydroxide ions / NaOH / sodium
hydroxide left behind/remains in solution;
[1]
note: if a mercury cathode is specified
electrolysis / electrolyte / electrodes / anode / cathode / electricity / cell;
[1]
mentioned.)
[1]
sodium formed at cathode; (note: can be awarded from a correct or incorrect equation
with Na as the only substance on the right as long as cathode is mentioned.)
[1]
one correct half equation at anode i.e. 2Cl Cl2 + 2e or at cathode Na+ + e Na
(accept: equivalent with NaHg amalgam)
[1]
NaOH/sodium hydroxide is formed by sodium/sodium mercury amalgam reacting with or
when added to water;
[1]
note: award the fourth and fifth mark if correct equation given for reaction between
sodium or sodium mercury amalgam reacting with water i.e.
2Na(Hg) + 2H2O 2NaOH + H2 + (2Hg)
(ii) H2 / H / hydrogen and making ammonia / making margarine / hardening fats / fuel /
energy source / cryogenics / welding;
[1]
Cl2 / Cl / chlorine and (making) bleach / water treatment / kill bacteria (in water) / water
purification / swimming pools / making solvents / making PVC / making weed killer /
making disinfectants / making hydrochloric acid / HCl / making herbicides / pesticides /
insecticides;
[1]
Page 4
5

IGCSE May/June 2012
Syllabus
0620
Paper
33
(a) (i) correct -O- linkage;

correct unit and continuation -O-- (minimum);
[1]
[1]
(ii) any name or correct formula of a (strong) acid / H+;
[1]
(iii) contain carbon hydrogen and oxygen /C, H and O;
[1]
(b) (i) glucose ethanol + carbon dioxide

(ii) yeast is catalyst / provides enzymes / speeds up reaction / too slow without yeast;
yeast cells grow / multiply / reproduce / undergo budding / breed;
[1]
[1]
[1]
(iii) heat or high temperature would kill yeast (cells) / heat or high temperature denatures
enzymes;
[1]
not: enzyme killed / denatures yeast
reduces rate of reaction / slows reaction / (yeast or enzyme) no longer catalyses / no
catalyst / stops reaction / no more product;
[1]
(c) (i) would produce carbon dioxide or carboxylic or organic acids (if oxygen is present) / to
prevent aerobic respiration / so products are not oxidised / anaerobic bacteria cant live
with oxygen;
[1]
(ii) fossil fuels have a reduced need / conserved / no need to import / will last longer /
cracking hydrocarbons to make methane no longer required;
(methane) is renewable / carbon neutral;
reduce pollution of water or sea / prevents visual pollution / prevents need for waste
disposal or accumulation (accept: any methods of waste disposal) / so that waste is
recycled; any two
[2]
6
(a) (i) A C D B
[1]
(ii) speed (or rate) increases as concentration increases / time decreases as concentration
increases;
[1]
rate or speed or time depends on (concentration) of H+ or hydrogen ions;
[1]
B is slow because propanoic acid is weak or doesnt dissociate or weakly ionises;
or
B is slow because HCl and H2SO4 are stronger or ionise or dissociate more than
propanoic;
[1]
D slower than C because C is more concentrated than D / ORA;
[1]
A is fast because H+ concentration high (note: this would also score second mark if not
already awarded) / H2SO4 is diprotic or dibasic or 2H+;
[1]
time is inversely proportional to rate / owtte / ORA;
[1]
max [5]
Page 5

IGCSE May/June 2012
Syllabus
0620
Paper
33
(b) change 1:
increase temperature / heat (the mixture);
[1]
particles/molecules/ions have more energy or move faster;
[1]
more (successful) collisions / more particles with Ea;
[1]
change 2:
increase surface area / decrease particle size / use powdered (magnesium) / use smaller
pieces / crush the magnesium;
[1]
more collisions / more particles exposed to reaction;
[1]
or
catalyst;
[1]
more (successful) collisions;
[1]
lowers Ea;
[1]
max [5]
7
(a) (i) CH2/H2C
[1]
(ii) same ratio of C:H (atoms) / all cancel to CH2 / because general formula is CnH2n / same
ratio of atoms or elements (in the compound) / C:H ratio is 1:2;
[1]
(b) (i) propanoic / propionic (acid);
ethanoic / acetic (acid);
(ii) formula of ethene / but-2-ene / any symmetrical alkene;
(c) (i) CH3CH(Br)CH2Br
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(ii) CH3CH(OH)CH3 / CH3CH2CH2OH / C3H7OH
[1]
correct unit;
accept: more than one repeat unit
continuation bonds at both ends;
[1]
(d)
(e) if C5H10 is given award 3 marks;;;

if C10H20 is given award 2 marks;;
if 1:7.5:5 / 2:15:10 is given award 2 marks;;
in all other cases a mark can be awarded for moles of O2 (= 2.4/32 =) 0.075 AND moles
of CO2 (= 2.2/44 =) 0.05;
2C5H10 + 15O2 10CO2 + 10H2O
accept: multiples including fractions
allow: ecf for correct equation from any incorrect alkene
[1]
[3]
[1]
Page 6
8

IGCSE May/June 2012
Syllabus
0620
Paper
33
(a) proton donor;
[1]
(b) equal concentrations of both (solutions);

add Universal indicator / determine pH / pH paper;
ethylamine has lower pH / ORA;
or
equal concentration of both (solutions);
measure conductivity of aqueous ethylamine and sodium hydroxide;
ethylamine will have lower conductivity / sodium hydroxide will have higher conductivity;
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(c) add strong(er) base / NaOH / KOH;

warm / heat;
[1]
[1]
(d) (ethylamine forms) hydroxide ions / OH (in water);

[1]
hydroxide ions / OH reacts with iron(III) ions / Fe3+;
or
iron(III) hydroxide / Fe(OH)3 (forms as a brown precipitate);
[1]
note: balanced or unbalanced ionic equation i.e. Fe3+ + (3)OH Fe(OH)3 scores both
marks
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CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS
MARK SCHEME for the October/November 2012 series
0620 CHEMISTRY
0620/31
Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner
Report for Teachers.
Cambridge will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes.
Cambridge is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2012 series for most IGCSE,
GCE Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level components and some Ordinary Level
components.
Page 2
1
Mark Scheme
Syllabus
0620
Paper
31
(a) diffusion or fractional distillation;

(b) fractional distillation;
(c) simple distillation;
(d) crystallisation;
(e) filtration;
(f) chromatography;
[Total: 6]
(a) (i) become darker;
[1]
(ii) increase;
[1]
(iii) black / dark grey;

not: brown
solid;
(b) (i) same Z / same number of protons;
accept: atoms of the same element
different number of neutrons / different nucleon number / different mass
number;
(ii) 53 protons and 53 electrons;
78 neutrons;
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(iii) xenon;
[1]
(c) BrF3 / F3Br;

BrF5 / F5Br;
[1]
[1]
[Total: 11]
Cambridge International Examinations 2012
Page 3
3
Mark Scheme
(a) (i) any three from:

particles have more energy;
move faster;
collide more frequently;
more successful collisions;
accept: atoms or molecules for particles
not: electrons
not: vibrate more
(ii) reaction faster with temperature increase;
enzymes denatured / destroyed;
not: killed
(b) (i) bigger initial gradient;
same final volume of nitrogen;
Syllabus
0620
Paper
31
[3]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(ii) decrease / slows down;
[1]
(iii) concentration of organic compound decreases;

compound used up = [1]
or: fewer particles;
collision rate decreases;
[2]
(c) (i) carbon monoxide-incomplete combustion;

carbon - containing fuel / fossil fuel / petrol;
oxides of nitrogen - oxygen and nitrogen react;
at high temperature / in engine;
not: in exhaust
(ii) carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide;
oxides of nitrogen to nitrogen;
correct balanced equation;
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[Total: 17]
Page 4
4
Mark Scheme
Syllabus
0620
(a) giant covalent;

or: polymer made from monomers;
(b) (i) any three from:
high mp / bp;
hard;
brittle;
insoluble (in water);
poor conductor of electricity / heat;
(ii) carbon / diamond / silicon / boron;
not: graphite
(c) (i) sodium hydroxide / any named alkali / reactive metal;
(ii) named acid;
zirconium oxide;
Paper
31
[1]
[3]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[Total: 8]
(a) (i) rate of reaction;

influenced by light / only happens in light;
or:
turns light into chemical energy = [2]
accept: light is catalyst = [1]
(ii) reduction of silver halides;
they are reduced to silver / 2AgCl 2Ag + Cl2;
appropriate importance given;
or:
photosynthesis;
correct comment about chemistry carbon dioxide to carbohydrates / carbon
dioxide to oxygen;
anything sensible e.g. its role in the food chain or decrease greenhouse
effect or oxygen for respiration;
or:
chlorination;
making chloroalkanes;
appropriate importance given;
(b) (i) pressure would move position of equilibrium to right / increase yield of COCl2;
increase pressure favours side with less (gas) molecules / smaller volume;
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(ii) increase temperature favours endothermic reaction;

so less products / reduce yield;
[1]
[1]
(iii) keeps rate high / increase rate at lower temperatures;
[1]
Page 5
Mark Scheme
Syllabus
0620
(c) each chlorine 1 bp and 3 nbps;

4 e between carbon atom and oxygen atom;
2 nbps on oxygen atom;
Paper
31
[1]
[1]
[1]
[Total: 13]
(a) (i) amino acid / peptides;

salt / carboxylate or soap / fatty acid or glycerine / alcohol;
sugars or glucose;
accept: named sugar
(ii) polyester;
allow: named polyester
polyamide;
allow: nylon
(b) one correct amide linkage;
second amide linkage correctly orientated
NHCO followed by NHCO ;
note: monomers are amino acids not diamines or dicarboxylic acid
(c) bromine / bromine water / aqueous bromine;
unsaturated - brown / orange to colourless not: clear
saturated
- stays brown / orange
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
or: alkaline potassium manganate(VII);

from purple / pink to green / brown;
stays purple;
or: acidic potassium manganate(VII)
from purple / pink to colourless; not: clear
stays purple;
[Total: 10]
7
(a) (i) melting point is below 25C;

boiling point above 25C;
accept: argument based on actual values
note: 25C is between mp and bp = [2]
[1]
[1]
(ii) strontium loses 2e;

sulfur gains 2e;
[1]
[1]
(iii) hydrogen chloride / hydrochloric acid;

accept: sulfurous acid or sulfur dioxide
[1]
(iv) molten strontium chloride has ions / ionic compound;

which can move;
sulfur chloride has no ions / only molecules / molecular / covalent;
[1]
[1]
[1]
Page 6
Mark Scheme
Syllabus
0620
(b) (i) strontium carbonate does not dissolve / no effervescence;

note: not just reaction is complete
Paper
31
[1]
(ii) to remove excess / unreacted / undissolved strontium carbonate;
[1]
(iii) water of crystallisation needed / 6H2O in crystals / would get anhydrous salt /
would not get hydrated salt / crystals dehydrate;
not: just to obtain crystals
[1]
(c) number of moles of HCl used = 0.05 2 = 0.1

number of moles of SrCl2.6 H2O which could be formed. = 0.05
mass of one mole of SrCl2.6H2O is 267 g
theoretical yield of SrCl2.6H2O = 0.05 267 = 13.35 g
percentage yield = 6.4 / 13.35 100 = 47.9%
accept: 48%
allow: ecf
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[Total: 15]
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0620 CHEMISTRY
0620/32
components.
Page 2
1
Mark Scheme
Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
(a) (i) Sb;

(ii) Xe / B;
(iii) Sr / Te / A / D;
(iv) Sn and I / E and F;
(v) Sr / A;
[5]
(b) any two from:

physical
niobium is
harder; stronger; higher mp/bp; higher density
note: there has to be a comparison
any two from:
chemical
niobium is less reactive; forms coloured compounds; forms complex ions; its
compounds have catalytic properties; has more than one oxidation state; has more
than one valency electron;
note: the response has to refer to or compare properties of both elements
[2]
[2]
[Total: 9]
(a) liquid;
[1]
(b) (l) and (s);

reversible sign;
accept: X in equation
ignore: any compounds just look for state symbols
must be the same compound on both sides of equation
[1]
[1]
(c) boiling / condensation;

accept: evaporation or vaporisation
[1]
(d) (in region BC) solid melts / liquid boils (in region DE);
at one / fixed / sharp / single / specific temperature;
[1]
[1]
[Total: 6]
(a) (i) correct structure of an isomer e.g. 2-chloropropane;

(ii) chlorine;
light / heat / lead tetraethyl;
[1]
[1]
[1]
Page 3
Mark Scheme
Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
(iii) could produce 2-chloropropane;

could produce HCl;
or
could produce dichloropropanes = [2]
[1]
[1]
(b) (i) add silver nitrate / lead nitrate;

yellow precipitate;
note: do not insist on presence of dilute nitric acid
[1]
[1]
(ii) propanol / propan-1-ol;
[1]
(c) (i) for A;

reaction slower;
decreased collision rate;
less bromobutane present / concentration of bromobutane less / less reacting
particles;
any two
accept: reverse arguments for B
[2]
(ii) halogens Cl > Br > I reactivity / reactivity decreases down group;

organic halides I > Br > Cl / reactivity increases down group;
opposite without explanation = [1]
[1]
[1]
(iii) any three from:

less energy;
particles move slower;
less collisions / fewer particles have energy to react / fewer successful collisions;
slower rate;
[3]
[Total: 15]
4
(a) C + O2 CO2
[1]
(b) (i) CO2 already formed (from C burning or from CaCO3);

then carbon reacts with carbon dioxide;
or
C + CO2 2CO = [2] If equation not balanced = [1]
[1]
[1]
(ii) Fe2O3 + 3CO 2Fe + 3CO2

not balanced = [1]
not: reduction by carbon
(c) to remove / neutralise silica / silicon dioxide / silicon(IV) oxide / sand;
reacts with limestone to form slag / calcium silicate;
CaCO3 + SiO2 CaSiO3 + CO2
or CaO + SiO2 CaSiO3
or CaCO3 CaO + CO2
[2]
[1]
[1]
[1]
Page 4
Mark Scheme
Syllabus
0620
(d) (i) galvanising / galvanisation / sacrificial protection;

(ii) sacrificial protection / zinc is sacrificed;
zinc corrodes rather than iron;
zinc is oxidised in preference to iron;
zinc reacts with oxygen and / water in preference to iron;
zinc more reactive / electropositive than iron;
zinc loses electrons more readily than iron;
electrons move on to iron
any three
Paper
32
[1]
[3]
[Total: 12]
(a) any two from:

bleaching (wood pulp / silk / straw);
manufacture of sulfuric acid / SO3 / in Contact process;
fumigating / sterilising; refrigerant; making dyes; making wine; insecticide;
fungicide;
[2]
(b) burn / heat / react sulfur;

in air / oxygen;
or
burn / heat / roast zinc sulfide or lead sulfide;
in air / oxygen;
[1]
[1]
(c) from purple / pink; not: red

to colourless; not clear
[1]
[1]
(d) number of moles of Na2SO3 = 3.15/126 = 0.025

number of moles of SO2 formed = 0.025
volume of SO2 = 0.025 x 24 = 0.6 dm3/litres or 600 cm3
allow: ecf
for 1.6 g of SO2 [1] only
If used 22.4 max [2]
note: need correct units for last mark
[1]
[1]
[1]
[Total: 9]
Page 5
6
Mark Scheme
Syllabus
0620
(a) (i) correct arrow from negative terminal of battery or from anode;
Paper
32
[1]
(ii) from battery / power supply / cell;

from negative electrode of battery to external circuit;
or from anode;
from iodide ion losing electron or oxidation of anion;
[1]
[1]
(iii) ions cannot move in solid / ions can move in liquid;
[1]
(b) copper;
(changes to) sulfuric acid;
hydrogen;
(changes to) potassium hydroxide;
(c) (i) 2H+ + 2e H2
not balanced = [1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[2]
(ii) 4OH- O2 + 2H2O + 4e
[1]
(iii) water used up;
[1]
(d) it is a cell;
hydrogen reacts with oxygen;
this reaction produces energy / is exothermic / produces flow of electrons /
changes chemical energy to electrical energy;
[1]
[1]
[1]
[Total: 15]
(a) (i) CnH2n+1OH
[1]
(ii) 116-17 = 99, 2n+1 = 99, n = 7

for any evidence of working out
C7H15OH
[1]
[1]
(iii) 4bps around C;

1 bp on each hydrogen;
2bps and 2nbps on oxygen;
[1]
[1]
[1]
(b) (i) increases yield / moves equilibrium to RHS / favours forward reaction;
high pressure favours side with smaller number of (gas) molecules;
(ii) any two from:
higher temperature / catalyst causes faster reaction;
comment about compromise conditions to give best rate and yield;
at 250oC (lower temp) higher yield / forward reaction favoured;
at 350oC (higher temp) lower yield / back reaction favoured;
[1]
[1]
[3]
Page 6
Mark Scheme
(c) (i) methanoic acid;

correct SF showing all bonds;
accept: -OH
(ii) methyl methanoate;
Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
[1]
[1]
[1]
[Total: 14]
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0620 CHEMISTRY
0620/33
components.
Page 2
1
Mark Scheme
Syllabus
0620
Paper
33
(a) Ca / calcium;
[1]
(b) Kr / krypton;
[1]
(c) Ge / germanium;
[1]
(d) Ni / nickel or Cr / chromium;
[1]
(e) Br / bromine / Br2;
[1]
(f) Se / selenium;
[1]
(g) Cu / copper;
[1]
(h) Br / bromine / Br2;
[1]
[Total: 8]
(a) (i) manufacture of plastics / (solvents for) dry cleaning / metal degreasing / textiles
/ agrochemicals / pharmaceuticals / insecticides / dyestuffs / household cleaning
products / bleach / water treatment / swimming pools / kill bacteria or germs or
microorganisms or pathogens / sterilisation / disinfectants;
[1]
(ii) electric light bulbs / fluorescent tubes / (inert gas shield for) arc welding /
production of titanium / inert atmosphere / car headlights / food packaging;
[1]
(iii) (manufacture of) polyethene / polyvinyl chloride (PVC) / making polymers / (to
prepare) epoxyethane (which is used in the manufacture of detergents / (to
make) ethylene glycol (which is used to prepare Terylene) / (to make) antifreeze / or making ethanol (accept making alcohol) / ripening fruits;
[1]
(iv) (making) steel / (oxy-acetylene) welding / cutting of metals / medical or diving or

(oxygen tanks in) hospitals / astronauts / (deep sea) diving / fire fighters;
[1]
(b) liquid air;
fractional distillation;
[1]
[1]
[Total: 6]
Page 3
3
Mark Scheme
Syllabus
0620
Paper
33
(a) explanation of evaporation e.g. particles (or molecules) with a lot of energy leave the
liquid / bromine particles break free from each other / forces or bonds between
bromine molecules broken / molecules (in liquid) have weak forces holding them
together / weak intermolecular forces / Van der Waals forces between molecules
(dont have to be stated as weak) / (weak intermolecular forces alone scores this
mark);
allow: particles (or molecules) of bromine escape from liquid
[1]
diffusion / diffuse / movement of particles;
[1]
explanation of diffusion involving qualified movement of molecules / particles

i.e. random movement of molecules / particles move in all directions;
[1]
(b) air more dense / heavier / higher Mr than hydrogen;

hydrogen diffuses faster (than air diffuses out);
accept: diffusion in is faster than out (without naming gases)
pressure inside pot is greater (than outside);
air less dense / lighter / lower Mr than carbon dioxide;
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
air diffuses / moves faster (than carbon dioxide);

accept: diffusion out is faster than in (without naming gases)
[1]
pressure inside pot less (than outside);
[1]
ORA in both parts

[Total: 9]
4
(a) (i) zinc mixed with an element(s) or metal(s) or non-metal;
[1]
(ii) galvanising / baths / coating steel (i.e. description of galvanising) / roofing /

sacrificial protection / protection from rusting / electroplating / zinc plating /
batteries;
[1]
(iii) (lattice) positive ions / cations / metal ions / sea of electrons / delocalised or free
or mobile or moving electrons;
the layers (of ions) or particles can slide or slip or shift past each other;
[1]
[1]
[1]
(iv) different atom / ion / particle of different size;

prevents (layers / atoms / ions / particles / molecules) moving / slipping /
sliding / shifting;
(b) (i) heat with carbon or coke or carbon monoxide;
(ii) ZnO + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + H2O
[1] for correct reactants
[1]for correct products
[1]
[1]
[1]
[2]
Page 4
Mark Scheme
Syllabus
0620
Paper
33
(iii) zinc (not: ions) more reactive than silver and lead;
zinc displaces both metals / silver and lead produced / ions become atoms / zinc
reduces silver ions and lead ions;
(silver and lead) can be removed by filtering / centrifugation / decanting;
an ionic equation; i.e.
Zn + 2 Ag+ Zn2+ + 2Ag or Zn + Pb2+ Zn2+ + Pb
allow: any two correct half equations
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(iv) cathode labelled carbon / zinc / platinum;

zinc deposited at cathode;
oxygen formed (at anode);
(electrolyte becomes) sulfuric acid / remaining solution contains H+ and SO42-;
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[Total: 18]
(a) (i) add bromine water / bromine / aqueous bromine;

colourless;
or add potassium manganate(VII) / permanganate; (ignore acid or alkali)
colourless;
(ii) add metal / carbonate / insoluble base / strong alkali allow: ammonia with an
indicator / use pH meter;
COND: on reagent
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
metal - hydrogen given off / metal dissolves / effervescence / gas given off /
burning splint pops;
carbonate - carbon dioxide given off / effervescence / gas given off / limewater
milky;
insoluble base - solution formed / dissolves;
alkali - use of indicator to show neutralisation / temperature increase;
pH meter - gives pH less than 7
[1]
(b) ethyl propenoate;

correct SF all bonds shown;;
allow: [1] for correct displayed ester linkage
[1]
[2]
Page 5
Mark Scheme
(c) (i) number of atoms of each element;

in one molecule;
Syllabus
0620
Paper
33
[1]
[1]
(ii) 2;
[1]
(iii) C=C
[1]
(iv) HOOC(CH3)C=C(CH3)COOH
[Total: 12]
6
(a) (i) Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2

not balanced = [1]
(ii) 3 bps and 1 nbp around As;
1 bp each hydrogen atom;
(b) (i) (97.4 / 75 =) 1.3 and (2.6 / 1 = ) 2.6;
empirical formula AsH2;
note: correct formula with no working = [1]
[2]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(ii) As2H4;
[1]
(iii) H2AsAsH2 / AsH2AsH2;
[1]
(c) (i) amide / peptide;
[1]
(ii) named strong acid / alkali;

allow: HCl / enzymes
[1]
(iii) amino acid;

allow: peptides
[1]
(d) (i) Cu and As have more than one oxidation state / valency;
(ii) 3Cu2+ + 2AsO43- Cu3(AsO4)2
either side correct = [1]
[1]
[2]
[Total: 14]
Page 6
7
Mark Scheme
Syllabus
0620
Paper
33
(a) (making) fertilisers / nitric acid / nylon / refrigeration / explosives / cleaning products;
[1]
(b) alkane / named alkane;

water / steam;
heat / catalyst;
[1]
[1]
[1]
or electrolysis;
suggest suitable electrolyte; (allow: water)
hydrogen at cathode;
[1]
[1]
[1]
or cracking;
alkane / named alkane;
heat or catalyst
[1]
[1]
[1]
(c) any five from:

faster; (rate)
[1]
more collisions / molecules closer together / more particles per unit volume;
[1]
(collisions) more frequent / more often / more chance / more effective or successful
collisions / more collisions with Ea / increase rate of collisions;
[1]
higher yield / moves (equilibrium) to RHS / more ammonia / to side of products / high
pressure favours the reaction with less moles;
[1]
less moles / molecules / volume on RHS ORA (can be implied in previous

comments)
[1]
high pressure means lower temperature can be used to achieve comparable rate
(thus saving energy);
[1]
(d) (i) endothermic takes in / absorbs / uses / needs / gains energy / heat and
exothermic gives out / loses energy / heat;
[1]
(ii) 2328 (ignore + or ) / 6 388 (not evaluated);
[1]
944 + 1308 / 2252 and endothermic and exothermic in table;
[1]
2328>2252 or () 76 kJ;
[1]
or energy of products / RHS > reactants / LHS

or energy needed to break bonds < energy given out on formation of bonds.
[Total: 13]
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MARK SCHEME for the May/June 2013 series
0620 CHEMISTRY
0620/31
Cambridge is publishing the mark schemes for the May/June 2013 series for most IGCSE, GCE
Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level components and some Ordinary Level components.
Page 2
1
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2013
Syllabus
0620
(a) (i) contains carbon and hydrogen

cond: only / just
(ii) (different) boiling points
cond: separate
(b) bitumen-making roads / roofs / water-proofing, etc.
Paper
31
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
lubricating fraction waxes / vaseline / grease, etc. or machinery example, e.g. (oil a) bike /
hinges / reducing friction
[1]
paraffin fraction jet fuel / (home) heating or tractors or cooking or lighting
[1]
gasoline fraction petrol or fuel for cars / vans / trucks
[1]
[Total: 8]
(a) 3 or III
[1]
(b) good conductor and it is a metal/has delocalised (free) electrons
[1]
(c) N or P or As or Sb
accept Bi
[1]
(d) M2(SO4)3
accept: Ga2(SO4)3
[1]
(e) it would react with/dissolves in a named strong acid

it would react with/dissolves in a named alkali
it shows both basic and acid properties =1
it reacts with both acids and bases/alkalis =1
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[max 2]
[Total: 6]
Page 3
3
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2013
Syllabus
0620
(a) (i) pieces have (same) surface area

same amount / mass / quantity / volume / number of moles of carbonate
(ii) no more bubbles / carbon dioxide or piece disappears / dissolves
Paper
31
[1]
[1]
[1]
(b) experiment 1 Ca2+ + CO2 + H2O
[1]
(c) (i) more concentrated or higher concentration (of acid) (in experiment 1)
accept: arguments based on collision theory
[1]
(ii) ethanoic acid is a weak acid or hydrochloric acid is a strong acid

accept: stronger or weaker
[1]
ethanoic acid less ionised / dissociated / lower / smaller concentration of hydrogen ions [1]
accept: less hydrogen ions and vice versa argument but not dissociation of ions
(iii) lower temperature (particles) have less energy
moving more slowly
fewer collisions / lower collision rate
or
lower temperature (particles) have less energy
fewer particles collide
with the necessary energy to react
note: less energy fewer successful collisions gains all 3 marks
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[Total: 10]
(a) it is an alkane or hydrocarbon

it is saturated or only CC single bonds
accept: no double bonds
[1]
[1]
(b) molecular formula C6H12

empirical formula CH2
[1]
[1]
(c) correct structural formula of cyclobutane
[1]
Page 4
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2013
Syllabus
0620
Paper
31
(d) (i) C6H12

accept: a correct structural formula
[1]
(ii) same molecular formula not: chemical formula

different structural formulae / structures
[1]
[1]
(e) add bromine (water) or (l)
[1]
cond: (remains) brown or orange or red or yellow
[1]
cond: changes from brown, etc. to colourless or decolourises

not: clear
[1]
OR
potassium manganate(VII)
note: oxidation state not essential but if given must be correct or [0]
accept: potassium permanganate
[1]
cond: remains pink / purple
[1]
cond: changes from pink to colourless (acidic)

not: clear
[1]
cond: change from pink to green / brown (alkaline)

[Total: 11]
5
(a) (i) any metal above zinc

Mg Mg2+ + 2e
[1]
(ii) Zn + 2Ag+ Zn2+ + 2Ag

Note: not balanced only [1]
[2]
(iii) because they can accept or gain electrons / change into atoms or can be reduced
[1]
(iv) Ag+ or silver

charge not essential but if given must be correct
[1]
(v) Ag+ and Cu2+ or silver and copper

charge not essential but if given must be correct
[1]
Page 5
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2013
Syllabus
0620
Paper
31
(b) Cu Sn Cd Zn (i.e. all 4 in correct order)

relates order to voltage
[1]
[1]
one relevant comment from:
[1]
higher reactivity metals are the negative electrode / copper is least reactive because it is the
positive electrode because copper would have the lowest voltage / copper cell V = 0 / the
bigger the difference in reactivity, the bigger the voltage / zinc has highest voltage because it
is most reactive / more reactive metals have higher voltage
[Total: 9]
6
(a) (i) proton or H+ acceptor

(ii) (measure) pH or (use) UI indicator
note: can be implied need not be explicit
sodium hydroxide has higher pH / ammonia(aq) has lower pH
(this sentence would score 2 marks)
or
appropriate colours with UI / appropriate numerical values
ammonia is closer to green, blue-green, turquoise or lighter blue
sodium hydroxide is darker blue / purple / violet
or
can be implied need not be explicit
ammonia (aq) is the poorer conductor/ sodium hydroxide is the better conductor
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
Page 6
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2013
Syllabus
0620
Paper
31
(b) any five from:
high pressure favours lower volume side / movement to right / ammonia side, or high
pressure increases the yield
high pressure increases rate
low temperature favours exothermic reaction / increases yield / favours the forward
reaction
low temperature gives low rate or vice versa
catalyst increases rate or lowers activation energy
450 C low enough to give an economic yield but with catalyst gives a fast enough rate
note need whole concept to get this compromise temperature point
[5]
(c) 2NH3 + NaClO N2H4 + NaCl + H2O

not balanced only 1
[2]
(d) 4 hydrogen atoms 1 bonding pair each

2 nitrogen atoms with 1 bonding pair between them
one non-bonding pair on each N (need not be seen as a pair)
[1]
[1]
[1]
(e) (i) pH increases
[1]
(ii) oxygen needed for rusting / removes oxygen / reacts with oxygen
[1]
[Total: 15]
(a) (i) add carbon / animal charcoal

filter
[1]
[1]
OR
repeat experiment without indicator
using same quantity / volume of acid
(ii) add magnesium metal / carbonate / oxide / hydroxide
to (hot) (hydrochloric) acid
[1]
[1]
[1]
cond: until in excess or no more dissolves or reacts
[1]
cond: filter (to remove unreacted solid)
[1]
Page 7
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2013
Syllabus
0620
Paper
31
(b) number of moles of HCl = 0.020 x 2.20 = 0.044

number of moles of LiOH = 0.044
concentration of LiOH = 0.044/0.025 = 1.769 (mol / dm3)
accept 1.75 to 1.77 need 2 dp
correct answer scores = 2
[1]
[1]
(c) (for LiCl.2H2O)

mass of one mole = 78.5
percentage water = 36 / 78.5 x 100
45.9 so is LiCl.2H2O
only award the marks if you can follow the reasoning and it gives 45.9% of water
[1]
[1]
[1]
note: if correct option given mark this and ignore the rest of the response
allow: max 2 for applying a correct method to another hydrate, [1] for the method and [1] for
the correct value, working essential
[Total: 10]
8
(a) (i) regular arrangement / repeating pattern NOT structure

cond: ions
not molecules / atoms
(ii) attraction between opposite charges / electrostatic attraction
[1]
[1]
[1]
(b) delocalised / mobile / free / sea of electrons

positive ions / cations
not atoms / protons / nuclei
attraction between these electrons and ions
[1]
[1]
[1]
(c) giant covalent

no ions
no delocalised / free / mobile / sea of electrons or all electrons
[1]
[1]
ionic
in ionic solid ions cannot move
liquid ionic compound ions can move
[1]
[1]
metallic
(both solid and liquid) metals have delocalised (or alternative term) electrons
[1]
[Total: 11]
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0620 CHEMISTRY
0620/32
Page 2
1
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2013
(a) (i) named noble gas

accept: any noble gas
accept: symbol
(ii) H2O / CO2
not: names not: equations
(b) (i) oxygen and nitrogen (in air) (react)
at high temperature
accept: in engines / lightning not: in exhausts
(ii) fossil fuels / fuels which contain sulfur
accept: named fossil fuel such as coal / oil / natural gas
burn / combust
Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(iii) any two from:

damage buildings / soil acidification / leaching from soil / soil nutrients become
unavailable / kill microbes / acidify lakes / kill fish / damage trees / reduction in plant
growth / crop loss
[2]
(c) (i) oxygen reacts with copper
to form copper oxide (which is black)
[1]
[1]
(ii) measure volume at room temperature / gas has different volumes at different
temperatures / volume of gas depends on temperature / hot gas has higher volume /
heat causes expansion (of gases) / ORA
[1]
(iii) no oxygen left or all the oxygen has reacted (with copper)
[1]
(iv) 3940 cm3 note: units required
[1]
(a) B 39
19 K
positive charge +
[1]
[1]
65
30 Zn
[1]
D 168 O
charge 2
[1]
[1]
70
31 Ga
[1]
(b) number of p = number of e
[1]
number of p > number of e
[1]
number of p < number of e
[1]
Page 3
3
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2013
Syllabus
0620
(a) (i) complete combustion / combustion in excess oxygen
Paper
32
[1]
of fuels containing carbon / fossil fuels / hydrocarbon (fuels)
[1]
produce carbon dioxide / increase percentage of CO2 in atmosphere
[1]
(ii) living things / cells / plants / animals / humans / micro-organisms

[1]
(oxidise / react with) oxygen and food / foodstuff / named foodstuff / carbohydrate /
sugar / glucose
[1]
produces carbon dioxide
[1]
(b) (i) glucose or starch or carbohydrate
[1]
oxygen
[1]
(ii) light / sunlight / sun / UV

chlorophyll accept: chloroplast
4
(a) (i) first reaction

volume / moles / molecules of reactants and products are different
second reaction
volume / moles / molecules of reactants and products are the same
(ii) first reaction (forward) reaction is endothermic
second reaction (forward) reaction is exothermic
(b) (i) C8H18 2C4H8 + H2
(ii) 2H+ + 2e H2
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[2]
or 2H3O+ + 2e H2 + 2H2O
accept: 2e on right hand side accept: e
note: not balanced = 1
(iii) chlorine / Cl2 /
[1]
cond: water treatment / solvents / plastics / PVC / bleach / disinfectants / HCl / kill
bacteria / sterilising water / chlorination of water / swimming pools / pesticides /
herbicides / insecticides / germicides / pharmaceuticals
[1]
sodium hydroxide/NaOH
[1]
cond: making soap / degreasing / making paper / detergents / bio-diesel / paint stripper /
clearing drains / alumina from bauxite / oven cleaner / bleach
[1]
Page 4
5
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2013
Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
(a) (i) does

not
decay
or
non-biodegradable
or
flexible
or
bendable
or easily moulded or low density / light / lightweight or waterproof / insoluble in water or
does not corrode or durable
[1]
(ii) any two from:
chlorine
hydrogen chloride
carbon monoxide
(b) (i) CH3CH = CH2
note: can be fully or semi-displayed, C = C must be shown
(ii) correct repeat unit
CH(C6H5)CH2
continuation shown
[2]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(c) glucose two products (polymer and water) / condensation (polymerisation) / (small)
molecules removed
[1]
phenylethene one product (polymer) / addition (polymerisation)
6
(a) (i) ions cannot move / no free ions in solid state

ions can move / free ions in liquid state
note: ions can only move in liquid state = 2
[1]
[1]
[1]
(ii) reduce melting point / reduce energy costs / better conductor when dissolved in cryolite
[1]
(iii) burns in oxygen / reacts with oxygen / oxidised by oxygen / forms carbon dioxide / forms
carbon monoxide
[1]
(iv) high melting point / inert / unreactive
(b) protective / unreactive / resists / prevents corrosion / non-porous (layer)
of (aluminium) oxide
[1]
[1]
[1]
(c) (i) good conductor (of electricity)

low density / light / lightweight
(ii) steel core (increased) strength / prevent sagging / to increase
separation of pylons / support
[1]
[1]
[1]
Page 5
7
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2013
Syllabus
0620
(a) (i) CH3COOCH2CH3 / CH3CO2CH2CH3 / CH3COOC2H5 / CH3CO2C2H5 /

C2H5OOCCH3 / CH3CH2OOCCH3 not: OCO linkage
note: formulae can be displayed or semi-displayed
note: penalise sticks (i.e. any missing atoms)
(ii) butyl methanoate
(b) (i) fats / vegetable oils / triglycerides / lipids
(ii) two correct ester linkages, e.g. OOC / O2C and COO / CO2
contents of the boxes being C6H4 and C2H4 or CH2CH2
continuation bonds at both ends
(c) (i) to make colourless / invisible (spots)
visible / coloured / seen / position made clear / indicate
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
distance travelled by sample

= Rf
distance travelled by solvent (front)
[1]
(iii) sample 1 Rf = 0.20 to 0.24 tartaric (acid)

sample 2 Rf = 0.44 to 0.48 malic (acid)
[1]
[1]
(ii)
Paper
32
(a) (i) (the number of particles which is equal to the number of atoms in) 12 g of carbon 12
or
the mass in grams which contains the Avogadros constant number of particles
or
Avogadros constant or 6 to 6.023 1023 of atoms / ions / molecules / electrons /
particles
or
(the amount of substance which has a mass equal to) its relative formula mass / relative
atomic mass / relative molecular mass in grams
or
(the amount of substance which has a volume equal to) 24 dm3 of a gas at RTP
[1]
(ii) (Avogadros constant is the) number of particles / atoms / ions / molecules in one mole of
a substance
or
the number of carbon atoms in 12 g of C(12).
or
the number of particles / molecules in 24 dm3of a gas at RTP
or
6 to 6.023 1023 (particles / atoms / ions / molecules / electrons)
[1]
(b) CH4 and SO2
[1]
2/16 = 1/8 or 0.125 moles of CH4 AND 8/64 = 1/8 or 0.125 moles of SO2
[1]
Page 6
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2013
(c) (i) 4.8/40 = 0.12 moles of Ca

3.6/18 = 0.2 moles of H2O both correct
Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
[1]
(ii) Ca is in excess (no mark) (because 0.12 moles of Ca need) 0.24 moles / 4.32 g of H2O
to react
[1]
there is not enough / there are 0.2 moles / 3.6 g of H2O
[1]
or
Ca is in excess (no mark) (because 0.2 moles / 3.6 g of water will react with)
0.1moles/4.0 g of Ca
[1]
there is more than that / there are 0.12 moles / 4.8 g of Ca
[1]
or
Ca is in excess (no mark) because the mole ratio Ca:H2O is 3:5 / mass ratio 4:3
[1]
which is bigger than the required mole ratio of 1:2 / mass ratio 10:9
[1]
or
Ca is in excess (no mark) because the mole ratio H2O:Ca is 5:3 / mass ratio 3:4
[1]
which is smaller than the required mole ratio of 2:1 / mass ratio 9:10
[1]
(iii) 0.02 40 = 0.8 (g)
[1]
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0620 CHEMISTRY
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Page 2
1
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2013
Syllabus
0620
(a) (i) element

cannot be broken into anything simpler
by chemical means
OR made up of one type of atom only
Paper
33
[1]
[1]
[2]
(ii) compound
two or more different elements
chemically bonded together
[1]
[1]
(iii) mixture
two or more substances not chemically joined together
[1]
(b) (i) mixture
[1]
(ii) compound
[1]
(iii) element
[1]
(c) conductivity (of heat or electricity)
[1]
[Total: 9]
(a) (i) large / high surface area
[1]
high collision rate / collide more / many collisions

(between oxygen molecules and aluminium atoms)
NOT faster collisions
(ii) concentration
of reactants decreases
[1]
[1]
[1]
allow one mark ONLY for:

for reactants used up or amount of reactant decreases
(iii) any three of four from one strand:
M1
M2
M3
M4
increase in temperature
molecules move faster or
particles have more energy
higher collision rate

more successful collisions or
more particles have enough

energy to react/Ea
[3]
(b) (i) flour or wood dust or coal dust or carbon or sugar
[1]
Page 3
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2013
Syllabus
0620
Paper
33
(ii) any three from:

powder and larger pieces / different sized particles use
suitable named solid, e.g. magnesium
suitable named solution, e.g. named acid or copper sulfate(aq)
result powder reacts faster than larger pieces
NOT Cu (with acid); K / Na with anything
3
(a) (i) cars, ships, bridges, construction, white goods, screws, nails, roofing, fencing, etc.
(ii) e.g. stainless steel
cooking utensils, surgical equipment, sinks or main use
[3]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(b) blow in oxygen

NOT air
carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide (escape as gases)
COND on reaction with air / oxygen
add calcium oxide / quicklime
ALLOW calcium carbonate, limestone
phosphorus oxide or silicon oxide (are acidic)
reacts (with calcium oxide / CaCO3)
to form slag / calcium silicate
[1]
[1]
(a) (i) any ambiguous formula, e.g. GeH3-GeH2-GeH3
[1]
(ii) GenH2n+2
NOT C instead of Ge
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(b) correct formula

COND 4bps around germanium atom
COND 3nbps and 1bp around each chlorine atom
[1]
[1]
(c) four oxygen atoms around each germanium atom

two germanium atoms around each oxygen atom
tetrahedral
[1]
[1]
[1]
(d) oxidation
COND increase in oxidation number
ACCEPT: electron loss
[1]
[1]
Page 4
5
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2013
Syllabus
0620
(a) (i) any Group 1 metal

ACCEPT: lithium
[1]
(ii) 2Pb(NO3)2 2PbO + 4NO2 + O2

PbO [1]
COND balancing [1]
[2]
(iii) the metal in a (i) is more reactive than lead

more reactive metals have more stable compounds
OR has stronger (ionic) bonding
[1]
(b) (i) speed / rate of forward reaction = speed / rate of back reaction
OR macroscopic properties do not change / constant (with time)
[1]
[1]
(ii) goes darker OR goes brown

COND lower pressure favours side with more moles
COND this is NO2 side OR reactant side OR goes left
[1]
[1]
[1]
(iii) exothermic
[1]
low temperatures favour the exothermic reaction or

low temperatures moves equilibrium to right / product side / towards N2O4
(iv) forward reaction is bond forming
6
Paper
33
(a) (i) measure melting point

pure sample would melt at 135 C
OR impure would melt lower than 135 C
[1]
[1]
NOT just heating
[1]
[1]
(ii) C3H4O4
[1]
(iii) C2H4O2 OR CH3COOH

ethanoic OR acetic acid
both marks are independent of each other
[1]
[1]
(iv) ester
NOT organic, covalent
(b) (i) malonic is a weaker acid/less dissociated

OR sulfuric acid is a stronger acid/more dissociated
NOT sulfuric acid is a strong acid
[1]
[1]
Page 5
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2013
Syllabus
0620
(ii) add piece of suitable metal, e.g. Mg ALLOW Al, Ca NOT K, Na, Cu
sulfuric acid reacts faster OR malonic reacts slower
Paper
33
[1]
[1]
OR
as above add a piece of CaCO3, if soluble carbonate then [1] only
OR measure electrical conductivity
sulfuric acid is the better conductor
OR malonic acid poorer conductor
NOT sulfuric acid is a good conductor
[1]
[1]
(c) (i) sodium malonate and water
[1]
(ii) CuSO4
H2O
[2]
(iii) CH2(COO)2 Mg
H2
[2]
(iv) K2SO4
CO2 and H2O
NOT H2CO3
[2]
[Total: 16]
(a) (i) a compound which contains carbon and hydrogen only

(ii) alkanes contain only C-C single bonds
or they are saturated (hydrocarbons)
or have the general formula CnH2n+2
alkenes contain at least one C=C double bond
or they are unsaturated (hydrocarbons)
or have the general formula CnH2n
[1]
[1]
[1]
(b) C20H42 2C4H8 + 2C2H4 + C8H18
[1]
(c) (i) any unambiguous structure of BrCH2CH2Br

NOT just C2H4Br2
[1]
(ii) CH3-CH=CH-CH3
For any butene [1] only
[2]
(iii) (CH3-CH2-CH=CH2) + H2O [1] CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2OH [1]

ALLOW CH3-CHOH-CH2-CH3
butene reacts with water/steam (to form butanol) ONLY [1]
[2]
(iv) C6H12 + H2 C6H14

alkenes react with hydrogen [1] ONLY
[2]
(d) volume of oxygen used = 150 cm3

[1]
Page 6
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2013

any equation of the combustion of an alkene
e.g. 2C5H10 + 15O2 10CO2 + 10H2O
formulae
COND balancing
Syllabus
0620
Paper
33
[1]
[1]
[1]
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0620 CHEMISTRY
0620/31
components.
Page 2
1
Mark Scheme
Syllabus
0620
Paper
31
(a) uranium / plutonium / thorium
[1]
(b) graphite / carbon
[1]
(c) platinum / titanium / mercury / gold

NOT: carbon / graphite
[1]
(d) helium
[1]
(e) nitrogen / phosphorus
[1]
(f) argon
ACCEPT: any ion 2 + 8 + 8 e.g. K+ etc.
[1]
(g) tellurium
ACCEPT: correct symbol
[1]
[Total: 7]
(a) Any three of:

iron is harder
iron has higher density
ACCEPT: heavier or potassium lighter
iron has higher mp or bp
iron has higher tensile strength or stronger
iron has magnetic properties
NOTE: has to be comparison, e.g. iron is hard (0) but iron is harder (1)
NOT: appearance e.g. shiny
ACCEPT: comparative statements relating to potassium
(b) potassium hydrogen (1) and potassium hydroxide (1)
zinc
hydrogen (1) and zinc oxide (1)
copper
no reaction (1)
[3]
[5]
[Total: 8]
Page 3
3
Mark Scheme
Syllabus
0620
(a) (i) fractional distillation

(liquid) air
(ii) cracking / heat in presence of catalyst
of alkane / petroleum
to give an alkene and hydrogen
Paper
31
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
OR: electrolysis (1)

named electrolyte (1)
hydrogen at cathode (1)
OR: from methane (1)
react water / steam (1)
heat catalyst (1)
only ACCEPT: water with methane or electrolysis
(b) (i) the pair with both graphs correct is C
NOTE: mark (b)(ii) independent of (b)(i)
(ii) high pressure favours side with lower volume / fewer moles
this is RHS / product / ammonia
%NH3 / yield increases as pressure increases
the forward reaction is exothermic
exothermic reactions favoured by low temperatures
%NH3 / yield decreases as temperature increases
ACCEPT: reverse arguments
(iii) increases reaction rate
ACCEPT: reduces activation energy
OR: decreases the amount of energy particles need to react
OR: economic rate at lower temperature so higher yield
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[Total: 14]
(a) (i) (mass at t =0) (mass at t = 5)

NOTE: must have mass at t = 5 not final mass
[1]
(ii) fastest at origin

slowing down between origin and flat section gradient = 0
where gradrient = 0
three of above in approximately the correct positions
[2]
(iii) 3 correct comments about gradient = [2]

2 correct comments about gradient = [1]
1 correct comment about gradient = [0]
[2]
(b) start at origin and smaller gradient

same final mass just approximate rather than exact
[1]
[1]
Page 4
Mark Scheme
Syllabus
0620
(c) (i) smaller surface area

lower collision rate
(ii) molecules have more energy
collide more frequently / more molecules have enough energy to react
(d) number of moles of HCl in 40 cm3 of hydrochloric acid,
concentration 2.0 mol / dm3 = 0.04 2.0 = 0.08
maximum number of moles of CO2 formed = 0.04
mass of one mole of CO2 = 44 g
maximum mass of CO2 lost = 0.04 44 = 1.76 g
Paper
31
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[Total: 15]
(a) (i) have same molecular formula / both are C5H12

they have different structural formulae / different structures
[1]
[1]
(ii) CH3-CH2-CH=CH-CH3 / any other correct isomer
[1]
(b) (i) CH2-(Br)-CH2Br

NOT: C2H4Br2
dibromoethane
NOTE: numbers not required but if given must be 1, 2
[1]
(ii) CH3-CH2-CH3
NOT: C3H8
propane
[1]
[1]
[1]
(iii) CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH / CH3-CH2-CH(OH)-CH3

butanol
numbers not required but if given must be correct and match formula
(c) (i) CH3-CH=CH-CH2-CH3
CH3-CH=CH-CH3
(ii) pink / purple
colourless
NOT: clear
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(d) -CH2-CH(CN)-CH2-CH(CN)correct repeat unit CH2-CH(CN)

COND: at least 2 units in diagram
continuation
[1]
[1]
[1]
[Total:16]
Page 5
6
Mark Scheme
Syllabus
0620
(a) (i) (attractive force between) positive ions

and (negative) electrons
opposite charges attract ONLY [1]
electrostatic attraction ONLY [1]
(ii) lattice / rows / layers of lead ions / cations / positive ions
NOT: atoms / protons / nuclei
can slide past each other / the bonds are non-directional
(b) (i) anhydrous cobalt chloride becomes hydrated
ACCEPT: hydrous
Paper
31
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(ii) carbon dioxide is acidic

sodium hydroxide and calcium oxide are bases / alkalis
[1]
[1]
(iii) Any two of:

water, calcium carbonate and sodium carbonate
ACCEPT: sodium bicarbonate
[2]
(c) number of moles of CO2 formed = 2.112 / 44 = 0.048

number of moles of H2O formed = 0.432 / 18 = 0.024
[1]
[1]
x = 2 and y = 1 NOT: ecf from this line

formula is 2PbCO3.Pb(OH)2 / Pb(OH)2. 2PbCO3
[1]
[Total:12]
(a) (i) hydrogen (atoms) replaced by (atoms) of a different element e.g. chlorine
NOT: substitute
(ii) light required
[1]
[1]
(b) exothermic reaction gives out energy

endothermic reaction absorbs
takes in energy
[1]
(c) bonds broken

C-H
Cl-Cl
total energy
[1]
energy
+412
+242
+654
bonds formed
energy
C-Cl
338
H-Cl
431
total energy
769
energy change
115
negative sign indicates exothermic
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[Total: 8]
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Cambridge is publishing the mark schemes for the October / November 2013 series for most IGCSE,
components.
Page 2
1
Mark Scheme
Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
(a) C and F
[1]
(b) A
[1]
(c) B
[1]
(d) D
[1]
(e) E
[1]
(f) A and D
[1]
[Total: 6]
(a) (i) two atoms per molecule
[1]
(ii) 7e in outer shell or level / same number of outer electrons / need to gain one electron [1]
(iii) different number of energy levels / different number of electrons
[1]
(iv)
halogen
solid, liquid or gas

at room temperature
colour
chlorine
gas
yellow / yellow green /

green
bromine
liquid
brown / red-brown /
orange-brown
not: red / orange
iodine
solid
black / grey / silver-grey /

purple / violet
NOT: blue-black
NOTE: one mark for each vertical column

(b) correct formula, AsF3
3nbps and 1bp around all 3 fluorine atoms
3bps and 1nbp around arsenic atom
[2]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(c) (increased) light increases / causes forward reaction / light causes

AgCl reacts with CuCl
[1]
(increased) light increases the amount of silver (and so darkens glass)
[1]
decrease in light reverses reaction / uses up silver / silver reacts (and so reduces darkness)[1]
[Total: 11]
Page 3
3
Mark Scheme
Syllabus
0620
(a) (i) the (forward) reaction is endothermic

(ii) none
volume of reactants and products the same
ACCEPT: number of moles or molecules
Paper
32
[1]
[1]
[1]
(iii) the reaction (between oxygen and nitric oxide) is exothermic

[1]
high temperatures push equilibrium to left / high temperatures decrease yield of products
/ low temperatures favour forward reaction
[1]
(iv) 4NO2 + O2 + 2H2O 4HNO3
not balanced = (1) only
[2]
(v) (cost of) high amount of electricity / energy
[1]
(b) (i) contains more nitrogen

(ii) photosynthesis
chlorophyll is catalyst / chlorophyll absorbs light
carbon dioxide and water react
to make glucose / carbohydrates / starch / sugar / named sugar
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[Total: 13]
(a) Any one of:

2Fe2O3 + 3C 4Fe + 3CO2
Fe2O3 + 3CO 2Fe + 3CO2
for correct equation (2)
any four of:
coke burns to form carbon dioxide / C + O2 CO2
this reacts with more carbon to form carbon monoxide / C + CO2 2CO
calcium carbonate decomposes to form calcium oxide and carbon dioxide / CaCO3 CaO +
CO2
calcium oxide / calcium carbonate reacts with silica / silicon oxide / silicon(IV) oxide (in ore)
to form calcium silicate / slag / CaO + SiO2 CaSiO3 or CaCO3 + SiO2 CaSiO3 + CO2
the reaction between carbon and oxygen is exothermic / produces heat / coke is used as a
fuel / the slag floats on the (molten) iron / the slag and molten iron can be run off separately
[6]
Page 4
Mark Scheme
Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
(b) (i) greenhouse effect / CO2 is a greenhouse gas

global warming / ice caps melting / suitable example
[1]
[1]
(ii) burning or combustion of charcoal produces carbon dioxide

trees use carbon dioxide (in photosynthesis)
[1]
[1]
(iii) cathode reaction Fe3+ + 3e Fe
[1]
anode reaction 2O2- O2 + 4e

[2]
[Total: 13]
(a) because they have more than one oxidation state or valency / form ions with different
charges
[1]
there are two iron oxides (iron(III) oxide and iron(II) oxide) / iron forms Fe2+ and Fe3+
compounds / iron forms iron(II) and iron(III) compounds
[1]
(b) (i) to remove the precipitate / remove the silver(I) chromate(VI) / remove the residue
[1]
(ii) to remove soluble impurities / remove named soluble salt e.g. potassium nitrate / remove
reactants
[1]
(iii) to dry solid / to remove water
[1]
(c) (i) need one mole of potassium chromate(VI) for two moles of silver(I) nitrate / correct
references to mole ratio
[1]
(ii) mass of AgNO3 needed is 170 0.2 0.1 = 3.4g
NOTE: if answer given is 34 they have omitted 0.1
ALLOW: (1) ecf
[2]
(iii) number of moles of AgNO3 used = 0.02 0.2 = 0.004
[1]
number of moles of Ag2CrO4 formed = 0.002
[1]
mass of one mole of Ag2CrO4 = 332g

mass of Ag2CrO4 formed = 0.664g
NOTE: use ecf when appropriate
[1]
[Total: 11]
Page 5
6
Mark Scheme
Syllabus
0620
(a) (i) Cu(OH)2 CuO + H2O

(ii) Rb
Paper
32
[1]
[1]
(b) (i) electron loss
[1]
(ii) because they can accept electrons

(c) (i) copper and mercury
[1]
[1]
(ii) add copper / mercury / metal to (named) acid and no reaction / no bubbles / no
hydrogen
[1]
(d) (i) Mn
[1]
(ii) (solution) becomes colourless / decolourises

NOT: clear
[1]
[Total: 8]
(a) (i) contains only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

hydrogen (atom) to oxygen (atom) ratio is 2:1
ALLOW: C:H:O as 1:2:1 or Cn(H2O)n
(ii) condensation
polymerisation
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(b) (i) cells / micro-organisms / plants / animals / metabolic reactions

obtaining energy from food / glucose / nutrients
(ii) 2C2H5OH + 2CO2
allow: C2H6O for C2H5OH
[1]
[1]
[2]
(iii) to prevent aerobic respiration / to get anaerobic respiration / to prevent ethanoic acid /
lactic acid / carboxylic acids being formed / to prevent oxidation of ethanol
[1]
(c) displayed formula of methyl butanoate
NOTE: all bonds must be shown
NOTE: award (1) if error in alkyl groups but correct displayed structure of COO
[2]
(d) (i) alcohol, e.g. glycerol, circled

[1]
ALLOW: if only part of glycerol molecule is circled as long as it involves an OH group
(ii) saturated
correct reason based on group C17H35 / all CC bonds / no C = C bonds
[1]
Page 6
Mark Scheme
(iii) salt / carboxylate / alkanoate

(making) soap
ACCEPT: detergent / washing
(e) at least one correct amide linkage CONH
continuation shown at both ends of chain
diagram showing three (different) amino acid residues
Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[Total: 18]
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0620 CHEMISTRY
0620/33
components.
Page 2
1
Mark Scheme
Syllabus
0620
Paper
33
(a) same number of protons

same number of electrons
different number of neutrons
(b) (i)
[1]
[1]
[1]
235
U / 239Pu
NOTE: need symbol or name and nucleon number
[1]
(ii) treating cancer / chemotherapy / radiographs / tracer studies / xray (scans) /

sterilise surgical instruments / diagnose or treat thyroid disorders / radiotherapy
paper thickness / steel thickness / radiographs / welds / tracing / fill levels in
packages / food irradiation / smoke detectors
ACCEPT: any other uses
[1]
[1]
(iii) Zr + 2H2O ZrO2 + 2H2

[2]
(iv) hydrogen explodes / fire (risk)
[1]
(c)
if the oxide is
predicted result with

hydrochloric acid
predicted result with aqueous

aqueous sodium hydroxide
acidic
NR
neutral
NR
NR
basic
NR
amphoteric
(1) per line
[4]
[Total: 13]
Page 3
2
Mark Scheme
Syllabus
0620
Paper
33
(a) (i) positive and negative ions

regular pattern / opposite charges closer than the same charge
[1]
[1]
(ii) so that charges cancel / ions may not have the same charge
[1]
(iii) Any three of:

high melting point or boiling point
hard
brittle
soluble in water / insoluble in organic solvents
conduct (electricity) in liquid state or in aqueous solution / non-conductors or
poor conductor (when solid)
[3]
(b) correct formula

correct charges
6x and 2o around oxygen
[1]
[1]
[1]
[Total: 9]
(a) (i) roast or heat or burn in air / roast or heat or burn in oxygen
need both of the above
(ii) ZnO + C Zn + CO / 2ZnO + C 2Zn + CO2 / ZnO + CO Zn + CO2
(b) (i) ZnO + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + H2O
(ii) zinc reduces / gives electrons / displaces (copper / cobalt / nickel ions)
forming copper / cobalt / nickel (metal which is precipitated)
(c) (i) Zn2+ + 2e Zn
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(ii) OH 2H2O + O2 + ..e (1) only

4OH 2H2O + O2 + 4e
(iii) sulfuric acid / hydrogen sulfate
ACCEPT: sulfuric acid
[2]
[1]
Page 4
Mark Scheme
Syllabus
0620
Paper
33
(d) (i) Any two of:

appearance
more resistant to corrosion
harder (accept stronger)
easier to cast
[2]
(ii) zinc more reactive (than iron or steel)

zinc loses electrons
electrons move (from zinc) to iron
zinc reacts (with air and water) / zinc corrodes / is oxidised / forms positive ions
/ anodic
or
iron and steel dont react (with air and water) / not oxidised / do not form ions /
do not lose electrons
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[Total: 15]
4
(a) (i) S + O2 SO2

or sulfur burnt / roasted / heated in air to form sulfur dioxide
[1]
2SO3
2SO2 + O2
unbalanced = (1) only
[2]
(catalyst) vanadium(V) oxide / vanadium pentoxide

(temperature) 440 to 460 oC
(dissolve) sulfur trioxide in sulfuric acid (to form oleum)
ignore comments about pressure
[1]
[1]
[1]
(ii) add oleum to water
[1]
(b) Ba(C6H13SO3)2 / (C6H13SO3)2Ba
[1]
(c) (i) magnesium hexanesulfonate + hydrogen
[1]
(ii) calcium hexanesulfonate + water
[1]
(iii) 2C6H13SO3H + Na2CO3 2C6H13SO3Na + CO2 + H2O

C6H13SO3Na = (1)
remaining species correct and equation balanced = (1)
[1]
[1]
Page 5
Mark Scheme
Syllabus
0620
(d) (i) measure pH / add universal indicator

both acids have a low value / pH 02 / same colour / red
or
measure rate with named reactive metal, Mg, Zn (1)
both fast reactions (1)
or
measure rate using piece of insoluble carbonate, CaCO3 (1)
both fast reactions (1)
NOTE: must be insoluble for first mark
or
measure electrical conductivity (1)
both good conductors (1)
Paper
33
[1]
[1]
(ii) to have same concentration of H+ / one acid is H2SO4, the other is C6H13SO3H / sulfuric
acid is dibasic, hexanesulfonic is monobasic
[1]
(iii) a strong acid is completely ionised,
a weak acid is partially ionised
[1]
[1]
[Total: 17]
(a) protective / layer and of oxide
[1]
(b) correct repeat unit

continuation shown
[1]
[1]
(c) (i) catalyst

biological / protein
[1]
[1]
(ii) hydrochloric acid / any strong acid / any strong alkali
[1]
(iii) amino acids
[1]
(iv) chromatography
[1]
(v) nylon / kevlar
[1]
(d) (i) non-biodegradable
[1]
(ii) CH2=CH(C6H5)
[1]
[Total: 11]
Page 6
6
Mark Scheme
(a) (i) CH3CH2CH2OH

NOT: C3H8O
between 2030 and 2050
Syllabus
0620
Paper
33
[1]
[1]
(ii) C5H11OH + 7 O2 5CO2 + 6H2O
[1]
(b) any three from:

same general formula
same methods of preparation
accept consecutive members differ by CH2
[3]
(c) (i) same molecular formula

different structures / different structural formulae
[1]
[1]
(ii) CH3CH2CH(OH)CH3 / (CH3)3COH
[1]
(d) (i) number of moles of glucose = 72/180 = 0.4

maximum number of moles ethanol = 0.8
maximum mass of ethanol, Mr = 46 g, 0.8 46 = 36.8 g
or
180 (g) produces 2 46 = 92 (g) (1)
(72 (g) produces) 72/180 92 (1)
= 36.8 (g) (1)
[1]
[1]
[1]
(ii) crack (petroleum or alkane)

react with water / hydrate (ethene to make ethanol)
[1]
[1]
conditions for cracking

(temperature) 450to 800 oC / (catalyst) zeolites / aluminosilicates / silica / aluminium
oxide / alumina / china / broken pot / chromium oxide
or
conditions for hydration
(temperature) 300 oC / (pressure) 60 atmospheres /
(catalyst) phosphoric acid
[1]
[Total: 15]

0620 CHEMISTRY
0620/31
Page 2
1
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2014
Syllabus
0620
Paper
31
(a) A, D, E (1)
same number of protons and electrons / electrically neutral (1)
[2]
(b) C (1)
more electrons than protons / 36e and 34p+ / it has gained electrons (1)
(c) B, F (1)
[2]
[1]
(d) they have same number of protons (1)

different number of neutrons / neutron number (1)
[2]
[Total: 7]
(a) (i) filtration (1)

chlorination (1)
[2]
(ii) Any two from:

manufacture of ethanol
used in the manufacture of sulfuric acid or in the Contact process
manufacture of hydrogen or ammonia or for the Haber process
[2]
(iii) Any two from:

cooking
washing or laundry
drinking
toilets
watering plants
(domestic) heating
[2]
(b) boiling or turning to steam (1)

then condensing / condensation (1)
[2]
[Total: 7]
(a) (i) (particles) spread to fill total available volume / move from high concentration
to low concentration / moves down a concentration gradient (1)
(ii) mass or Mr (1)
[1]
[1]
(b) (i) helium atoms / molecules are lighter than molecules in air or N2 and O2
or helium is less dense than air or N2 and O2.
or helium diffuses (through the porous barrier) faster than air or N2 and
O2. (1)
[1]
Page 3
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2014
Syllabus
0620
Paper
31
(ii) faster rate of diffusion / molecules move faster (at high temperatures). (1)
[1]
(c) (i) CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O (1)
[1]
(ii) would get a mixture of helium and carbon dioxide

or would get a mixture of gases
or waste of methane / natural gas / fossil fuel (1)
[1]
(iii) fractional distillation (1)
[1]
[Total: 7]
(a) (i)
Group
number
II
III
IV
VI
VII
symbol
Na
Mg
Al
Si
Cl
number of
valency
electrons
valency
1
(1) for each line
(ii) number of valency electrons = the group number (1)
[2]
[1]
(iii) for Na to Al
the valency is the same as the number of valency (outer) electrons (1)
(because) this is the number of electrons lost (for full energy level) (1)
for P to Cl
the valency is 8 [number of valency (outer) electrons]
or valency + valency electrons = 8 (1)
(because) this is number of electrons needed (or to be gained) (for full
energy level) (1)
(b) (i) Assume change is from L to R unless clearly stated:
basic to amphoteric to acidic (2)
(ii) ionic (metal) chlorides on the left (1)
covalent (non-metal) chlorides on the right (1)
[2]
[2]
[Total: 11]
Page 4
5
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2014
Syllabus
0620
Paper
31
(a) M1: (zinc sulfide) heated / roasted / burnt in air (1)

M2: zinc oxide formed (1)
M3: zinc oxide reduced (1)
M4: (by adding) coke or carbon (1)
M5: Balanced equation (any one of) (1)
[5]
2ZnS + 3O2 2ZnO + 2SO2

2ZnO + C 2Zn + CO2
ZnO + C Zn + CO
ZnO + CO Zn + CO2
(b) Any two from:
[2]
(making) brass or alloys (1)

galvanising (1)
sacrificial protection (1)
batteries (1)
[Total: 7]
(a) (i) rate at t2 less than at t1 or the rate decreases (1)

rate at t3 zero / reaction stopped (1)
[2]
(ii) rate at t2 less than at t1 because concentration of hydrogen peroxide is less

at t2 or concentration of hydrogen peroxide is decreasing. (1)
(rate at t3 zero / reaction stopped because) hydrogen peroxide is used up (1)
(b) (i) steeper and must come from the origin (1)
final volumes the same (1)
(ii) Any two from:
steeper curve because of a faster rate
faster rate because of increased surface area
same amount / volume / mass / no of mol of hydrogen peroxide
ecf for M1 for a shallower curve because of slower rate.
[2]
[2]
[2]
Page 5
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2014
Syllabus
0620
Paper
31
(c) filter (and rinse / wash) (1)

dry manganese (IV) oxide (1)
weigh / measure mass manganese(IV) oxide after reaction (1)
the mass should be 0.1 g or unchanged. (1)
[4]
(d) number of moles of O2 formed = 0.096 / 24 = 0.004 (1)

number of moles of H2O2 in 40 cm3 of solution = 0.004 2 = 0.008 (1)
concentration of the hydrogen peroxide in mol / dm3 = 0.008 / 0.04 = 0.2 (1)
[3]
[Total:15]
(a) (i)
aqueous
solution
lead
Pb
magnesium
Mg
lead (II)
nitrate
magnesium
nitrate

X
zinc
nitrate
silver(I)
nitrate
zinc
Zn
silver
Ag

each horizontal line correct (1)
[3]
(ii) Zn (1)
An arrow from Zn to Zn2+ (1)
(iii) Zn + 2Ag+ Zn2+ + 2Ag (1)
(b) (i) correct direction from zinc to lead (1)
[2]
[1]
[1]
(ii) metals react by losing electrons (1)

the more reactive metal / zinc will lose electrons more readily (making the
electrode negatively charged). (1)
[2]
Page 6
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2014
Syllabus
0620
Paper
31
(iii) manganese and zinc are more reactive than lead (and / or copper) (1)
lead is more reactive than copper (1)
(iv) the polarity of a Mn / Zn (cell)
or the voltages of Zn / Pb and Mn / Pb (cells) (1)
[2]
[1]
[Total: 12]
(a) (i) CH3CH=CHCH3 (1)
[1]
(ii) one correct amide linkage between two rectangles (1)

correct sequencing of a second amide link and monomers (1)
two correct amide links and rest of structure correct (including additional
monomers if seen) and correct continuation bonds (1)
(iii) protein or polypeptide or named protein (1)
[3]
[1]
(iv) addition: only the polymer or one product is formed (1)

condensation: the polymer and a small molecule / water / HCl is formed (1)
[2]
(b) (i) does not break down or rot or decompose (1)

by microbes or fungi or bacteria or by living organisms (1)
(ii) Any three from:
visual pollution (1)
[2]
[3]
(shortage of) landfill sites (1)

danger to wildlife / animals (including at sea) (1)
toxic gases when burnt or greenhouse gases produced when burned (1)
(c) Any two from:
resistant to corrosion / unreactive to water / more durable (1)
[2]
lighter / less dense (1)

easier to manufacture / can be moulded (1)
good insulator / keeps the water cold (1)
[Total: 14]

0620 CHEMISTRY
0620/32
Page 2
1
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2014
Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
(a) A and E need both (1)
[1]
(b) D (1)
[1]
(c) C (1)
[1]
(d) B (1)
[1]
(e) F (1)
[1]
(f) E (1)
[1]
(g) C (1)
[1]
[Total: 7]
(a) (i) substance / material / compound / element / mixture (burnt) to produce / release
energy or heat (1)
[1]
(ii) Any two from:

coal
coke
peat
petroleum / crude oil
refinery gas / LPG
gasoline / petrol
naptha
kerosene / paraffin
diesel (oil) / gas oil
fuel oil
propane
butane
[2]
(iii) wood / charcoal / animal dung / biomass / Uranium / U / plutonium / Pu (1)
[1]
Page 3
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2014
Syllabus
0620
(b) (i) any two from:

water / steam / water vapour / H2O (1)
carbon dioxide / CO2 (1)
carbon monoxide / CO (1)
Paper
32
[2]
(ii) any two from:

limited or finite resource / non-renewable / will run out / depleted (1)
greenhouse effect / gas(es) / climate change / (cause) global warming (1)
acid rain (1)
production of poisonous / toxic gases (1)
[2]
[Total: 8]
(a) (i) pressure 150300 atmospheres / atm (1)

temperature accept in range 370 to 470 C (1)
iron (catalyst) (1)
balanced equation N2 + 3H2 2NH3 (1)
equilibrium / reversible (1)
[5]
(ii) potassium / K (1)

phosphorus / P (1)
[2]
(b) (i) burn fossil fuels / burn fuels containing sulfur / burn compounds containing
sulfur / burn ores containing sulfur / roast metal sulfides / burn metal sulfides
(1)
sulfur dioxide / SO2 (formed) (1)
(form) sulfuric / H2SO4 / sulfurous acid / H2SO3 (1)
OR
nitrogen and oxygen (in air) react at high temperatures / in jet engines / car
engines / lightning. (1)
(form) oxides of nitrogen (1)
(form) nitric acid / HNO3 / nitrous acid / HNO2 (1)
[3]
Page 4
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2014
Syllabus
0620
(ii) any two from:

calcium oxide / lime / quicklime / CaO (1)
calcium hydroxide / Ca(OH)2 / lime / slaked lime / limewater (1)
calcium carbonate / CaCO3 / limestone / chalk / marble (1)
guidance: lime can only be credited once.
Paper
32
[2]
[Total: 12]
(a) (i) butanoic / butyric acid (1)

CH3CH2CH2COOH / C2H5CH2COOH (1)
[2]
(ii) any three from:

(same) general formula (1)
(consecutive members) differ by CH2 (1)
same functional group (1)
common methods of preparation (1)
physical properties vary in predictable manner / show trends / gradually
change
or example of a physical property variation i.e. melting point / boiling point /
volatility (1)
(b) (i) displayed formula of propan-1-ol, all bonds shown separately (1)
[3]
[1]
(ii) acidified (1)

potassium manganate(VII) / potassium permanganate / KMnO4 or potassium
dichromate(VI) / K2Cr2O7 / potassium dichromate (1)
(c) (i) zinc + propanoic acid zinc propanoate (+ hydrogen) (1)
[2]
[1]
(ii) calcium oxide + propanoic acid calcium propanoate + water (1)
[1]
(iii) LiOH + CH3CH2 COOH CH3CH2COOLi + H2O (1)
[1]
(d) (i) concentration (of acid in C) is less / halved or concentration of A is more /

doubled. (1)
less collisions or more collisions in A (than in C) (1)
[2]
(ii) (higher temperature in B particles / molecules / atoms) move faster / have

more energy / more have Ea or (particles / molecules / atoms) in A move
slower / have less energy / less have Ea (1)
more collisions or less collisions in A (than in B) (1)
[2]
Page 5
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2014
Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
(iii) It (D) has strong (acid) and A has weak acid / (D) stronger / (D) ionises more /
(D) dissociates more or A is weaker / A ionises less / A dissociates less (1)
It (D) has higher concentration of hydrogen ions or A has a lower
concentration of hydrogen ions (1)
more collisions (in D) or fewer collisions in A (1)
[3]
[Total: 18]
(a) (i) incomplete combustion or limited oxygen / less oxygen / not enough oxygen
(1)
[1]
(ii) any two from:

(forward) reaction is endothermic (1)
high temperature increases yield / favours forward reaction / shifts equilibrium
to right (1)
faster reaction (rate) (1)
[2]
(iii) any two from:

high pressure reduces yield or favours LHS (1)
because LHS has smaller volume or number of moles / number of molecules
(of gas) ORA (1)
(high pressure plant is) expensive / dangerous / explosion / leaks
5
[2]
(b) hydrogen and chlorine / H2 and Cl2 (1)

sodium hydroxide / NaOH / Na+OH (1)
2H+ + 2e H2 / 2H+ H2 2e (1)
2Cl Cl2 + 2e / 2Cl 2e Cl2 (1)
Hydrogen / H2 / H / H+ at cathode and chlorine / chloride / Cl2 / Cl / Cl at anode (1)
[5]
(c) each chlorine 1 bond pair and 3 non-bond pair (1)

oxygen atom 2 non-bond pairs and 2 bond pairs as double bond (1)
carbon atom 4 bond pairs including 2 bond pairs as double bond (1)
[3]
[Total: 13]
Page 6
6
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2014
Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
(a) any three from:

(it would have) more than one or variable valency / oxidation state / oxidation
number (1)
(metal / element / titanium / it has a) high density (1)
coloured compounds / ions / solutions (1)
form complex (ions) (1)
(element/compound act as) catalyst (1)
[3]
(b) ScF3 (1)

correct charges on both ions (1)
8 electrons around (each) fluoride (1)
[3]
(c) name or formula of strong acid and alkali (1)

reacts with or neutralises both acid and base or alkali (then amphoteric) (1)
it dissolves / soluble in both(acid and alkali) or form solutions in both (1)
[3]
[Total: 9]
(a) repeat without indicator / repeat using same volumes of acid and alkali or use
carbon / charcoal to remove indicator (1)
evaporate / heat / warm / boil / leave in sun (1)
until most of the water has gone / some water is left / saturation (point) /
crystallisation point (1)
leave / allow to cool / allow to crystallise (1)
filter (off crystals) / wash(with distilled water) / dry crystals with filter paper / dry
crystals in warm place / oven / windowsill (1)
[5]
(b) 0.062 (1)

0.031 (1)
3.97 g (1)
55.4% (1)
[4]
Page 7
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2014
Syllabus
0620
Paper
32
(c) (i) (to prove) all water driven off or evaporated or boiled / no water remains / to
make salt anhydrous (1)
(ii) m1 m2 = mass of water (1)
(calculate) moles of water AND moles of hydrated or anhydrous salt (1)
1:1 ratio / should be equal (1)
[3]

0620 CHEMISTRY
0620/33
Page 2
1
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2014
Syllabus
0620
Paper
33
(a) carbon dioxide (1)
[1]
(b) propene (1)
[1]
(c) krypton (1)
[1]
(d) nitrogen (1)
[1]
(e) fluorine (1)
[1]
(f) sulfur dioxide (1)
[1]
(g) hydrogen (1)
[1]
[Total: 7]
(a) any three from:

particles have more energy (1)
move faster (1)
collide more frequently (1)
more particles have energy greater than Ea
guidance: more colliding molecules have enough energy to react is worth (2)
[3]
(b) particles move in all directions / randomly in both liquids and gases (1)
no bonds / very weak forces between particles in gases (1)
molecules can move apart / separate (to fill entire volume) (1)
OR
bonds / forces / IMF between particles in liquids (1)
molecules cannot move apart / separate (so fixed volume in liquids) (1)
[3]
[Total: 6]
(a) (i) enzymes (1)
[1]
(ii) reduces growth of microbes / rate of reproduction of microbes is lower /

microbes are dormant (1)
fewer (enzymes) to decay food (1)
OR
enzymes less efficient at lower temperatures (1)
slower reaction rate (1)
(b) correct linkage (1)
rest of molecule correct and continuation shown (1)
(other product is) water (1)
[2]
[3]
Page 3
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2014
Syllabus
0620
Paper
33
(c) any three from:

photosynthesis (1)
light / photochemical (1)
chlorophyll / chloroplasts (1)
carbon dioxide and water needed (1)
(glucose and) oxygen (1)
[3]
[Total: 9]
(a) (i) heat limestone / calcium carbonate (1)

fractional distillation (1)
liquid air (1)
[3]
(ii) any two of the oxides, C, S, P and Si, mentioned (1)

carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide escape / are gases (1)
phosphorus oxide or silicon(IV) oxide react with calcium oxide /
phosphorus oxide or silicon(IV) oxide are acidic and calcium oxide is basic (1)
to form a slag or calcium silicate or calcium phosphate (1)
must have correct equation for one of the above reactions (1)
(b) (i) lattice / rows / regular arrangement of cations / positive ions / Fe2+ (1)
mobile / free / delocalised / sea of electrons (1)
[5]
[2]
(ii) the rows of ions / ions can move past each other (1)
without the metal breaking / bonds are not directional / not rigid (1)
[2]
(iii) carbon particles / atoms different size (1)

prevents movement of rows, etc. (1)
[2]
[Total: 14]
(a) faster reaction rate (1)

higher collision rate (1)
greater yield or favour RHS (1)
pressure favours products because it has lower volume / fewer product molecules (1)
[4]
(b) higher temperature favour endothermic reaction (1)

this is the back reaction / left hand side / reactants (1)
reduce yield (1)
[3]
(c) (i) greater surface area (1)
[1]
(ii) increase reaction rate (1)

can use a lower temperature to have an economic rate (1)
and not decrease yield (by increasing temperature).
[2]
Page 4
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2014
Syllabus
0620
(d) lower the temperature (1)

only ammonia will liquefy (1)
OR
add water (1)
only ammonia will dissolve (1)
OR
increase pressure (1)
only ammonia will liquefy (1)
Paper
33
[2]
(e) second line +3 155 = + 465

third line 3 280 = ()840
fourth line 3 565 = ()1695
all three correct (2)
two correct (1)
1170 + 465 = 1635
840 + 1695 = 2535
both numerically correct (1)
exothermic reaction with some reasoning (1)
[4]
[Total: 16]
(a) (i) C and H only (1)
[1]
(ii) only single bonds (1)
[1]
(b) (i) CnH 2n+2 (1)
[1]
(ii) C14H30 (1)

(14 12) + 30 = 198 (g) (1)
[2]
(c) (i) C9H20 + 14 O2 9CO2 + 10H2O (2)

(ii) Volume ratio
CxHy(g) + O2(g) CO2(g)
20
160
100
1
8
5
C5H12 + 8O2
5CO2
For evidence of method (1)
for equation as above (2)
(d) (i) alkanes
alkenes
hydrogen
+ H2O(l)
[2]
all in cm3
mole ratio
+ 6H2O
in petrol / fuel / solvent (1)

to make alcohols / plastics / polymers / solvents (1)
to make ammonia / fuel / fuel cells, etc. (1)
(ii) a correct equation for example:

C10H22 C8H16 + C2H4 + H2 (1)
[3]
[3]
[1]
Page 5
Mark Scheme
IGCSE May/June 2014
Syllabus
0620
(e) (i) light or lead tetraethyl / catalyst / high temperature (1)

(ii) CH3CHClCH3 (1)
Paper
33
[1]
[1]
[Total: 16]
(a) bauxite (1)
[1]
(b) electrolyte alumina / aluminium oxide dissolved in molten cryolite (1)

use cryolite to reduce mp / comparable idea / temperature of electrolyte 900 to
1000 C (1)
electrodes carbon (1)
aluminium formed at cathode / Al 3+ + 3e Al (1)
oxygen formed at anode / 2O2 O2 + 4e (1)
anode burns / reacts to carbon dioxide / C + O2 CO2 (1)
[6]
(c) (i) food containers / window frames / cooking foil / cars / bikes / drink cans (1)
[1]
(ii) 4OH O2 + 2H2O + 4e (2)
[2]
4Al + 3O2 2Al2O3 (2)
[2]
[Total: 12]

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International General Certificate of Secondary Education

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS

MARK SCHEME for the May/June 2010 question paper

Paper 31 (Extended Theory), maximum raw mark 80

Mark Scheme: Teachers version

(ii) carbon dioxide / calcium carbonate

(iv) oxygen and nitrogen (in air)

(v) 2O3 3O2

(i) bubbles / effervescence / hydrogen / gas pushes up / lifts metal

(i) with copper / first experiment

(ii) copper acts as a catalyst

(i) smaller gradient

(ii) same final volume of hydrogen / same level (on graph)

Mark Scheme: Teachers version

(d) temperature / heat

(ii) type of compound salt / sodium carboxylate / alkanoate

(iii) terylene / PET / Dacron / diolen / mylar / crimplene

(i) polyamide / amide / peptide / polypeptide

(ii) correct amide linkage NHCO then CONH

Mark Scheme: Teachers version

(a) (i) macromolecular / giant covalent / giant atomic

(ii) jewellery / drilling / cutting / engraving / cutting edges in scalpels

(iii) layer structure / sheets

(iv) lubricant / pencils / electrodes

(i) 4e between carbon and oxygens

(ii) 4O around each Si

(iii) SiO2 has higher mp or bp

(a) rates equal

(i) move to left

(ii) less yellow solid / more brown liquid

Mark Scheme: Teachers version

(b) by removing oxygen concentration of O2 decreases

(c) oxidation number reduced (from (+) 4 to 0)

(d) low density / lightweight / light

(i) percentage of oxygen = 31.6 %

(ii) calculate the number of moles of atoms for each element

(iii) the simplest whole number ratio for moles of atoms:

(iv) formula is FeTiO3 accept TiFeO3

Mark Scheme: Teachers version

(a) same general formula

(i) 2HCOOH + CaCO3 Ca(HCOO)2 + CO2 + H2O

(ii) zinc + methanoic acid zinc methanoate + hydrogen

(iii) protected by oxide layer

(c) butanoic acid

International General Certificate of Secondary Education

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS

MARK SCHEME for the May/June 2010 question paper

Paper 32 (Extended Theory), maximum raw mark 80

Mark Scheme: Teachers version

contain water = [1]

(ii) enzyme denatured / destroyed

Mark Scheme: Teachers version

(a) (i) red brown or orange to colourless

(iii) look for two comments

(iii) iron(II) hydroxide / ferrous hydroxide

(iv) 4Fe(OH)2 + O2 + 2H2O 4Fe(OH)3

(vi) sacrificial protection or zinc is sacrificed /

Mark Scheme: Teachers version

(a) (i) same molecular formula / same number of C and H atoms

(iii) bromine / bromine water / aqueous bromine

OR alkaline potassium manganate(VII)

OR acidic potassium manganate(VII)

(b) (i) O=O / oxygen()oxygen / HH / hydrogen()hydrogen