28/06/2011

AS/NZS 7000
Electrical Clearances (Sect. 3)
Tony Gillespie
Power Engineering Consultant
Gillespie Power Consultancy
Australian Panel B2 Overhead Lines
Seminar Management of Overhead Lines
Sydney 4 5 March 2008

Topics
Insulator swing and
structure top clearances
Attached & unattached
crossings clearances
Mid span clearance
Ground clearance
Building clearances
Waterways

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New Things

Hand reach clearance

Limit state insulator swing

Electrical Clearances
Minimum standards for safe & reliable
operation
Consider inspection & maintenance methods
Consider live line methods
Bare hand
Sticks
Helicopters

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Electrical Clearance Serviceability States

(Sect. 2.2.1.5)
Based on CIGRE TB 348 Tower top geometry &
mid span clearances, June 2008
Insulator swing states based on reliability

a) Low/still wind - Maintenance

& live line clearance at 100Pa (
min 50Pa )
b) Moderate wind Lightning
impulse & switching
overvoltage at 300Pa (min
100Pa)
c) High wind power frequency
clearance at 500Pa

P o w e r fre q .
w ith s ta n d

3
2
1

P m tc e

P m a x w in d

Climbing corridor

Insulator Swing States

Im p u ls e w ith s ta n d

P in te rm e d ia te
Ma

in te

na

nc

e a
p

p ro

ac

C o n d u c to r d e f le c tio n s

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Insulator Swing Calculation (App. R)

Insulator Swing Calculation (App. R)

Oxygen conductor ( 23.8mm diameter,
0.925kg/m )
Wind span 200m
Weight span 120m
10 only 70kN discs ( 4.1kg each, 0.022m2 each)
20kN horizontal tension for 500Pa ( edt of 20% )
No deviation angle
500Pa wind
Calculated swing angle is 63

Earthed structure

Minimum phase/ground
clearance

Wind loading FT
Weight loading Fv

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Insulator Swing Calculation (App. R)

For flat ground, weight span equal to wind
span, swing is 51
If designed for 51 swing then insufficient
clearances in rolling terrain ( require 63 )
Limit state swing angles
21 for low wind 100Pa
51 for moderate wind 300Pa
63 for high wind 500Pa

Impulse & Power Frequency Clearances

(Table 3.4)

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Maintenance Approach
Distances
ENA NENS 04
NZECP34 note covers all
clearances, not just maintenance
EEA SM-EI

NENS-04 MAD
Nominal Phase to Phase ac Voltage (kV)

Safe Approach Distance (mm)

Low voltage

Instructed Person
no contact
Authorised Person insulated contact only

11

700

22

700

33

700

50

750

66

1000

110

1000

132

1200

220

1800

275

2300

330

3000

400

3300

500

3900

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Hand Reach Clearance (Sect. 3.5.3)

Accident in Victoria
Live access clearance
Cant live climb poles
110kV & below
Towers 1700mm
Poles 1300mm

Live Line Clearances (Table 3.5)

AS 5804 HV Live Work
replaces the ENA documents

ECP46.1: Glove
and Barrier
ECP46.2:
Barehand
ECP46.3: Stick

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Live Line Clearances (Table 3.5)

Climbing & Access (Sect. 13, App. M)

Refer to Handbook
Risk assessment
Ground access
Height & type of structure
Frequency of access
Skill set of personnel

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Access Methods
EWP
Climbing with fall protection
Helicopters

132kV Pole Top Clearance Example

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Other Clearance States (Sect. 3.5.4)

Maximum operating temperature
Ice
Combined wind and snow/ice

10

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Mid Span Clearance (Sect. 3.7.3)

Empirical formula for
minimum midspan
separation to avoid
clashing

Mid Span Clearance Calculation

11

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Mid Span Clearance Calculation

11kV line post trident ( insulator length = 0m )
150m span
Pluto 4m sag at 50C
Centre phase height offset Y = 0.5m
K = 0.4
X = 0.68m

Mid Span Clearance Calculation

11kV line post trident ( insulator length = 0m )
150m span
Pluto 4m sag at 50C
Centre phase height offset Y = 0m (incorrect
sagging)
K = 0.4
X = 0.87m

12

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Bush Fire Prone Location

Fire Prone Mid Span Clearance

11kV line post trident ( insulator length
= 0m )
150m span
Pluto 4m sag at 50C
Centre phase height offset Y = 0.0m
K = 0.6 for fire prone area, turbulent
winds or >6kA fault current
X = 1.27m

13

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Unattached Crossings (Sect. 3.7.1)

Table 3.1

14

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Dynamic Load Clearance

Attached Crossings (Sect. 3.7.2)

15

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Table 3.3

Ground Clearance Table 3.6

16

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Ground Clearance Table 3.7

Inter Span Poles

17

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Building Clearances

Building Clearances Table 3.8

18

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Waterways
AS6947
EEA/Maritime Safety Authority
Guide to Safety Management of
Power Line Waterway Crossings

Questions?

Australian Panel B2 Overhead Lines

Seminar Management of Overhead Lines
Sydney 4 5 March 2008

19